sodium-propionate and mastoparan

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) stimulate colonic contraction and secretion, which are mediated by an enteric reflex via a mucosal sensing and cholinergic mechanisms. The involvement of G-protein signal transduction was examined in the secretory response to luminal propionate sensing in rat distal colon.. Mucosa-submucosa and mucosa preparations were used to measure short-circuit current (I(sc)) and acetylcholine (ACh) release respectively. Cholesterol-rich membrane microdomains, lipid rafts/caveolae, were fractionated using a sucrose gradient ultra-centrifugation after detergent-free extraction of the isolated colonic crypt.. Luminal addition of methyl-β-cyclodextrin (10 mm) and mastoparan (30 μm), lipid rafts/caveolae disruptors, significantly inhibited luminal propionate-induced (0.5 mm) increases in I(sc) , but did not affect increases in I(sc) induced by serosal ACh (0.05 mm) or electrical field stimulation (EFS). Luminal addition of YM-254890 (10 μm), a Gα(q/11) -selective inhibitor, markedly inhibited propionate-induced increase in I(sc) , but did not affect I(sc) responses to ACh and EFS. Both methyl-β-cyclodextrin and YM-254890 significantly inhibited luminal propionate-induced non-neuronal release of ACh from colonocytes. Real-time PCR demonstrated that in mRNA expression of SCFA receptors, GPR 43 was far higher than that of GPR41 in the colon. Western blotting analysis revealed that the cholesterol-rich membrane microdomains that fractionated from colonic crypt cells were associated with caveolin-1, flotillin-1 and Gα(q/11) , but not GPR43. Uncoupling of Gα(q/11) from flotillin-1 in lipid rafts occurred under desensitization of the I(sc) response to propionate.. These data demonstrate that the secretory response to luminal propionate in rat colon is mediated by G-protein on cholesterol-rich membrane microdomains, provably via Gα(q/11) .

Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; beta-Cyclodextrins; Blotting, Western; Centrifugation, Density Gradient; Cholesterol; Colon; Electric Stimulation; GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gq-G11; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Intestinal Mucosa; Intestinal Secretions; Male; Membrane Microdomains; Membrane Potentials; Membrane Proteins; Peptides; Peptides, Cyclic; Propionates; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Signal Transduction; Wasp Venoms