sodium-pertechnetate-tc-99m and iopromide

This study assesses the interobserver agreement on dacryocystography (DCG) and dacryoscintigraphy (DSG) findings.. There are no standard grading criteria to guide the interpretation of conventional DCG and DSG findings and therefore there may be a degree of subjectivity. This study evaluates the level of interobserver agreement in the interpretation of DCG and DSG findings.. A retrospective observational study at the Royal Adelaide Hospital.. A total of 165 patients who presented with epiphora with 276 DCGs and 290 DSGs performed were included in this study.. DCG and DSG images were obtained, anonymized, randomized and interpreted by three independent oculoplastic surgeons. Standard grading criteria were set for both DCG and DSG images. Data from all observers were analysed for interobserver agreement using Kappa (κ) statistics, generated using a variation of Cohen's kappa for multiple observers.. Level of interobserver agreement (κ values) in the grading of DCG and DSG findings.. There was an overall moderate interobserver agreement for DCG findings (κ = 0.55), with the highest agreement on interpreting canalicular obstruction (κ = 0.80), followed by proximal nasolacrimal duct obstruction (κ = 0.67) and normal patency (κ = 0.63). There was an overall fair interobserver agreement for DSG findings (κ = 0.36), with the best being moderate agreement (κ = 0.42-0.50) for interpreting pre-sac delay and post-sac proximal delay.. DCG offers good reliability in interpreting patent and obstructed systems. On the other hand, DSG has poor agreement and highlights some of the limitations in the ability to guide epiphora management.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Angiography, Digital Subtraction; Contrast Media; Data Interpretation, Statistical; Female; Humans; Iohexol; Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases; Male; Middle Aged; Nasolacrimal Duct; Observer Variation; Predictive Value of Tests; Radionuclide Imaging; Radiopharmaceuticals; Reproducibility of Results; Retrospective Studies; Sensitivity and Specificity; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m

Topics: Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain; Carotid Artery, External; Contrast Media; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Infusions, Intra-Arterial; Iohexol; Rabbits; Radionuclide Imaging; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m

A rabbit model was used to assess the effects of intracarotid injections of ionic monomer (meglumine iothalamate), non-ionic monomer (iohexol, iopromide), and non-ionic dimer (iotrol) contrast materials on the blood-brain barrier. The degree of blood-brain barrier damage was assessed qualitatively using Evans' blue dye, and quantitatively by calculating the difference in pertechnetate uptake between injected and non-injected hemispheres. The results showed that the non-ionic dimer, iotrol, had the least effect on the blood-brain barrier, and that although iopromide and iohexol produced greater damage than iotrol, the ionic compound, meglumine iothalamate, caused the greatest disruption to the blood-brain barrier. The implications of these findings are discussed.

Topics: Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Carotid Arteries; Contrast Media; Evans Blue; Female; Injections, Intra-Arterial; Iohexol; Iothalamate Meglumine; Male; Rabbits; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Triiodobenzoic Acids