sodium-hypochlorite and bisdequalinium

The use of irrigating solutions is widely accepted as a necessary adjunct to biomechanical preparation to obtain adequate cleansing of the root canal system. In this study, the efficiency of three solutions was tested in an in vitro experimental system for the removal of protein from apatite surfaces: Salvizol (a bis-dequalinium acetate solution) and sodium hypochlorite at 0.5, 1, 3 and 6% at pH 7.4 and 11.5. Buffered Tris-HCl solutions at pH 7.4 and 11.5 were used as controls. All chemicals showed rapid kinetics effects since no variation of the process could be detected after 5 min. Salvizol was the least efficient solution since it induced only a 2% protein desorption. Sodium hypochlorite efficiency increased with concentration to reach a 70% protein desorption from the apatite surface. In general, alkaline solutions were more efficient than buffered ones, and the ionic strength did not appear to have a major effect on the protein desorption process.

Topics: Absorption; Albumins; Apatites; Dequalinium; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Root Canal Irrigants; Sodium Hypochlorite; Time Factors

Topics: Animals; Chlorhexidine; Dequalinium; Guinea Pigs; Hemolysis; Humans; Root Canal Irrigants; Sodium Hypochlorite

The antimicrobial effectiveness of sodium hypochlorite and bis-dequalinium acetate was evaluated in vitro using three different microorganisms. The solutions were prepared in various concentrations and microorganisms were exposed to these solutions for 5, 10, 15 min. then placed into a culture medium, incubated and determined the presence or absence of growth. These results were compared with those obtained with phenol. The following conclusions were drawn from this study: 1. Of the solutions tested Bis-dequalinium acetate was the most effective antimicrobial agent. And 1.25/1000 Bis-dequalinium acetate is appropriate for the clinical use. 2. Sodium Hypochlorite is the least effective compared with Bis-dequalinium acetate and phenol. 2/100 NaOCl is agreeable for the clinical use. 3. Normal saline exhibits no antimicrobial properties.

Topics: Bacillus subtilis; Candida albicans; Dequalinium; Disinfection; Enterococcus faecalis; Phenol; Phenols; Quinolinium Compounds; Sodium Hypochlorite

Topics: Dequalinium; Quinolinium Compounds; Root Canal Irrigants; Sodium Hypochlorite

Topics: Dequalinium; Quinolinium Compounds; Root Canal Irrigants; Sodium Hypochlorite

Bis-dequalinium acetate (BDA), a quaternary ammonium compound, was introduced as a bactericidal and chemotherapeutic agent for endodontic use. This study was undertaken to compare the efficacy of this compound to 5.25% sodium hypochlorite in the cleansing and shaping of root canals. One hundred twenty freshly extracted teeth were divided into three groups. Each group was treated with the aid of the test material; saline solution was used as a control. After completion of the endodontic preparation, a silicone imprint of the canals was performed and the teeth were decalcified. The imprints were examined three-dimensionally to determine the amount of debris and canal configuration due to defective preparation and anatomic variation. No significant difference could be observed between the tested materials with respect to cleanliness and the shape of the canals. At the apical third, however, the BDA-treated canals showed more favorable results with respect to cleanliness. On the basis of the present and previous findings, it was concluded that BDA might be a favorable replacement for sodium hypochlorite as an irrigation solution.

Topics: Dental Pulp Cavity; Dequalinium; Humans; Quinolinium Compounds; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Therapy; Sodium Hypochlorite; Solutions

Topics: Cell Line; Dequalinium; Fibroblasts; Humans; Mouth Neoplasms; Quinolinium Compounds; Root Canal Irrigants; Sodium Hypochlorite

The dissolving effects of seven endodontic solutions on unprepared root canal walls of young intact human premolars were evaluated with the scanning electron microscope. After incubation at 37 degrees C in distilled water or isotonic saline for 10 min the predentinal surfaces showed no changes as compared with untreated controls. The demineralizers Decal and Largal Ultra had little effect on the organic tissues but caused some decalcification where mineralized dentin was exposed. Nelex caused concentration-dependent coagulation of the residual pulp tissue, making typical ring structures on the surfaces. Sodium hypochlorite at 2.5% and 5.0% dissolved most of the predentin, exposing the globular appearance of the mineralizing front. Salvizol produced small globules on otherwise intact surfaces. Dissolution of both the organic and inorganic tissue of the root canal wall would require the combined use of two of the solutions studied.

Topics: Acetates; Adolescent; Arylsulfonates; Arylsulfonic Acids; Cetrimonium Compounds; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dequalinium; Drug Combinations; Edetic Acid; Formaldehyde; Humans; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Root Canal Therapy; Sodium Chloride; Sodium Hypochlorite

Pulpal tissue was incubated at 37 degrees C for 10 min with various solutions used for root canal therapy. The dissolved material was assayed for hydroxyproline (HYP) and total phosphate, and the insoluble residue for HYP and dry weight. Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) at 5% and diluted to 2.5% showed the strongest solvent capacity measured as loss of HYP and weight from the tissue. Dilution to 0.5% significantly decreased the effectiveness of NaOCl. The absence of HYP from the NaOCl extracts suggested decomposition of this amino acid. The other solutions tested were far inferior in their ability to dissolve pulpal tissue. The demineralizing solutions tested were poor solubilizers of soft tissue; however, they caused a considerable increase in the amount of phosphate released.

Topics: Acetates; Animals; Arylsulfonates; Arylsulfonic Acids; Cattle; Cetrimonium Compounds; Dental Pulp; Dequalinium; Drug Combinations; Edetic Acid; Female; Formaldehyde; Hydroxyproline; Root Canal Therapy; Sodium Hypochlorite; Solubility

The dissolving effects of seven endodontic solutions on unprepared root canal walls of young intact human premolars were evaluated with the scanning electron microscopy. After incubation at 37 degrees C in distilled water or isotonic saline for 10 min the predentinal surfaces showed no changes as compared with untreated controls. The demineralizers Decal and Largal Ultra had little effect on the organic tissues but caused some decalification where mineralized dentin was exposed. Nelex caused concentration-dependent coagulation of the residual pulp tissue, making typical ring structures on the surfaces. Sodium hypochlorite at 2.5% and 5.0% dissolved most of the predentin, exposing the globular appearance of the mineralizing front. Salvizol produced small globules on otherwise intact surfaces. Dissolution of both the organic and inorganic tissue of the root canal wall would require the combined use of two of the solutions studied.

Topics: Acetates; Adolescent; Arylsulfonates; Arylsulfonic Acids; Cetrimonium Compounds; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dequalinium; Detergents; Drug Combinations; Edetic Acid; Formaldehyde; Humans; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Propylene Glycol; Propylene Glycols; Root Canal Therapy; Sodium Chloride; Sodium Hypochlorite; Surface-Active Agents

Topics: Chelating Agents; Dental Bonding; Dentin; Dequalinium; Edetic Acid; Gutta-Percha; Humans; Peroxides; Quinolinium Compounds; Root Canal Obturation; Root Canal Therapy; Sodium Hypochlorite; Solutions; Surface Properties; Therapeutic Irrigation; Urea; Waxes