sodium-dodecyl-sulfate and potassium-nitrate

Patients receiving radiation therapy due to oral cancer develop complications such as hyposalivation, mucositis, oral infections, dental hypersensitivity and caries. Mouthrinses can alleviate some of these problems.. To investigate the in vitro antimicrobial properties and cytotoxicity of an experimental mouthrinse.. The mouthrinse contained 30% hexylene glycol (glycerine), 7% potassium nitrate and 0.025% sodium fluoride. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of these ingredients and the mixture was determined for C. albicans, S. aureus and S. mutans over 24 hours at different concentrations. The MICs of two commercial mouthrinses, Corsodyl and Plax, were also determined using the same organisms. All mouthrinses were then tested to determine the percentage kill over 1, 2, and 3 minutes.. The MICs for hexylene glycol were 10%, 30% and 10% for C. albicans, S. aureus and S. mutons respectively. Potassium nitrate and sodium fluoride had no antimicrobial effects. The MIC of Corsodyl was 0.016 mg/ml for all the test organisms. The MIC for Plax varied from 0.0002 mg/ml to 0.001 mg/ml. The kill rates for all mouthrinses were acceptable, with no statistical differences between them. The experimental mouthrinse was not toxic to human oesophageal SCC cells after 1 minute exposure. At the time of the experiment, the costs of a similar quantity of the experimental mouthrinse, Corsodyl and Plax were R5.24, R30.00 and R10.00 respectively.. The experimental mouthrinse was cost-effective and proved to have an antimicrobial effect and could be used safely to alleviate oral infections, desensitize teeth, improve oral hygiene and control dental caries in cancer patients after radiation therapy.

Topics: Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Benzoates; Candida albicans; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cariostatic Agents; Cell Adhesion; Cell Line, Tumor; Chlorhexidine; Dentin Desensitizing Agents; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Esophageal Neoplasms; Glycols; Humans; Lubricants; Materials Testing; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Mouthwashes; Nitrates; Potassium Compounds; Radiotherapy; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; Sodium Fluoride; Staphylococcus aureus; Streptococcus mutans; Time Factors; Triclosan

An alkalophilic Aspergillus nidulans KK-99 produced an alkaline, thermostable xylanase (40 IU/ml) in a basal medium supplemented with wheat bran (2% w/v) and KNO3 (at 0.15% N) pH 10.0 and 37 degrees C. The partially purified xylanase was optimally active at pH 8.0 and 55 degrees C. The xylanase was stable in a broad pH range of 4.0-9.5 for 1 h at 55 degrees C, retaining more than 80% of its activity. The enzyme exhibited greater binding affinity for xylan from hardwood than from softwood. The xylanase activity was stimulated (+25%) by Na+ and Fe2+ and was strongly inhibited (maximum by 70%) by Tween-20, 40, 60, SDS, acetic anhydride, phenylmethane sulphonyl fluoride, Triton-X-100. The xylanase dose of 1.0 IU/g dry weight pulp gave optimum bleach boosting of Kraft pulp at pH 8.0 and temperature 55 degrees C for 3 h reaction time.

Topics: Acetic Anhydrides; Aspergillus nidulans; Chlorine Compounds; Culture Media; Enzyme Activation; Enzyme Stability; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Industrial Microbiology; Industry; Iron; Nitrates; Paper; Photobleaching; Polysorbates; Potassium Compounds; Protease Inhibitors; Sodium; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; Streptomyces; Substrate Specificity; Surface-Active Agents; Temperature; Time Factors; Tosyl Compounds; Triticum; Xylan Endo-1,3-beta-Xylosidase; Xylans; Xylosidases

In this paper, the fluorescence spectra of the model compounds M(TPA-PPV) and M(TPA-PAV) of novel light-emitting alternating copolymers, were studied and the effect of KNO3 on the interaction between the model compounds and the ionic micelle-water interface was also investigated. The following is found: (i) the fluorescence changes of M(TPA-PPV) are related to the state of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) solution: (ii) an aggregated state can be formed in M(TPA-PAV) solution at low concentration of CTAB; (iii) higher concentrations of KNO3 may affect the interaction between the model compounds and the ionic micelle-water interface.

Topics: Air; Cetrimonium; Cetrimonium Compounds; Light; Models, Chemical; Nitrates; Potassium Compounds; Scattering, Radiation; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Water