silicon and gallium-citrate

Ga citrate is frequently used in the workup of fever of unknown origin. Here, we report a case of avid Ga-citrate in bilateral gluteal regions of a patient with a history of free silicon injection buttock augmentation referred for suspected diagnosis of sarcoidosis. CT findings were equivocal for inflammation/infection in the buttock region, and nuclear scintigraphy allowed for more definitive diagnosis.

Topics: Adult; Buttocks; Citrates; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Gallium; Granuloma; Humans; Injections, Intramuscular; Radiopharmaceuticals; Sarcoidosis; Silicon

The ability to detect radiation in microfluidic devices is important for the on-chip analysis of radiopharmaceuticals, but previously reported systems have largely suffered from various limitations including cost, complexity of fabrication, and insufficient sensitivity and/or speed. Here, we present the use of sensitive, low cost, small-sized, commercially available silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) for the detection of radioactivity inside microfluidic channels fabricated from a range of conventional microfluidic chip substrates. We demonstrate the effects of chip material and thickness on the detection of the positron-emitting isotope, [(18)F]fluoride, and find that, while the SiPMs are light sensors, they are able to detect radiation even through opaque chip materials via direct positron and gamma (γ) ray interaction. Finally, we employed the SiPM platform for analysis of the PET (positron emission tomography) radiotracers 2-[(18)F]fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose ([(18)F]FDG) and [(68)Ga]gallium-citrate, and highlight the ability to detect the γ ray emitting SPECT (single photon emission computed tomography) radiotracer, [(99m)Tc]pertechnetate.

Topics: Calibration; Citrates; Equipment Design; Feasibility Studies; Fluorine Radioisotopes; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Gallium; Gallium Radioisotopes; Half-Life; Humans; Isotope Labeling; Lab-On-A-Chip Devices; Positron-Emission Tomography; Printing, Three-Dimensional; Quality Control; Radioactive Tracers; Radiopharmaceuticals; Silicon; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon

To develop a silicon (Si) and cadmium telluride (CdTe) imaging Compton camera for biomedical application on the basis of technologies used for astrophysical observation and to test its capacity to perform three-dimensional (3D) imaging.. All animal experiments were performed according to the Animal Care and Experimentation Committee (Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan). Flourine 18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG), iodine 131 ((131)I) methylnorcholestenol, and gallium 67 ((67)Ga) citrate, separately compacted into micro tubes, were inserted subcutaneously into a Wistar rat, and the distribution of the radioisotope compounds was determined with 3D imaging by using the Compton camera after the rat was sacrificed (ex vivo model). In a separate experiment, indium 111((111)In) chloride and (131)I-methylnorcholestenol were injected into a rat intravenously, and copper 64 ((64)Cu) chloride was administered into the stomach orally just before imaging. The isotope distributions were determined with 3D imaging after sacrifice by means of the list-mode-expectation-maximizing-maximum-likelihood method.. The Si/CdTe Compton camera demonstrated its 3D multinuclear imaging capability by separating out the distributions of FDG, (131)I-methylnorcholestenol, and (67)Ga-citrate clearly in a test-tube-implanted ex vivo model. In the more physiologic model with tail vein injection prior to sacrifice, the distributions of (131)I-methylnorcholestenol and (64)Cu-chloride were demonstrated with 3D imaging, and the difference in distribution of the two isotopes was successfully imaged although the accumulation on the image of (111)In-chloride was difficult to visualize because of blurring at the low-energy region.. The Si/CdTe Compton camera clearly resolved the distribution of multiple isotopes in 3D imaging and simultaneously in the ex vivo model.

Topics: Animals; Cadmium Compounds; Citrates; Copper; Equipment Design; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Gallium; Gallium Radioisotopes; Gamma Cameras; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Indium; Iodine Radioisotopes; Pets; Radiopharmaceuticals; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Silicon; Tellurium; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon