schisantherin-b and schizandrin

This study was performed to use UHPLC-QTOF/MSE technology to rapidly search and identify variations of chemical ingredients between Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis and its processed products. The present study provides a basis for the study of Chinese herbal medicine processing with a focus on the impact of processing on chemical components. Using a time-dependent data scan mode (MSE) couple with metabolomics technology, we acquired accurate data and identified the potential chemical markers. A total of 12 chemical markers were identified in the crude, \ vinegar-processed and wine-processed Schisandra chinensis fruit; The results showed that the levels of 6-O-benzoylgomisin O, schisantherin B, schisantherin C, schisantherin D and neokadsuranic acid are the highest in crude Schisandra chinensis fruit; thelevels of schizandrin A, schizandrin B, schizandrin C, gomisin D and gomisin T are the highest in wine-processed Schisandra chinensis fruit; the levels of schisantherin A and schisandrin are the highest in vinegar-processed Schisandra chinensis fruit. There were significant changes of chemical components between Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis and their processed products, and these findings may offer a reasonable explanation for variation of efficacy and clinical applications in the processed products of Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis.

Topics: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cyclooctanes; Dioxoles; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Fruit; Lignans; Metabolomics; Polycyclic Compounds; Schisandra

UHPLC-QTOF/MS technique was used to study the differences of lignans and their metabolites derived from Schisandra chinensis and vinegar Schisandra chinensis in rat plasma, bile, urine and faeces by the data processing techniques such as the dynamic background subtract(DBS), mass defect filtering(MDF) and enhance peak list (EPL) in analysis. In order to enhance accuracy for Schisandra chinensis hepatoprotective effect, we established rat acute alcoholic liver injury model in this experiment, and studied the prototype components and metabolisms of Schisandra lignans in vivo under pathological condition. The main ingredients of alcohol extract are lignans, including deoxyschizandrin, schisandrin B, schizandrin C, schizandrol, schizandrol B,schisantherin, schisantherin B, schisanhenol, gomisin G, gomisin J. The metabolic transformation of lignans in rats was mainly induced by methylation, hydroxyl, oxidation, and so on. Finally, we identified 6 kinds of prototype components and their 20 potential metabolites in Schisandra chinensis group and vinegar Schisandra chinensis group.

Topics: Acetic Acid; Animals; Bile; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cyclooctanes; Dioxoles; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Feces; Lignans; Liver Diseases, Alcoholic; Plasma; Polycyclic Compounds; Rats; Schisandra; Urine

Seven compounds isolated from Fructus Schizandrae chinensis, a traditional Chinese tonic, which is also able to increase liver lesions by hepatoxic chemicals, are named Schizandrin (Sin) A, B and C, Schizandrol (Sol) A and B and Schizandrer (Ser) A and B. They are dibenzo[a,c]cyclooctene derivatives. Dimethyl-4,4'-dimethoxy-5,6,5',6'-dimethylenedioxy-biphenyl-2,2'-dicarboxylate (DDB) is an intermediate for synthesizing Sin C. The interactions of these compounds with rat liver microsomes in vitro have been investigated. Sol A and Sol B gave type I difference spectrum, the other six compounds gave 'reverse type I' difference spectrum. When Schizandrins or DDB were incubated with NADPH-reduced microsomes, Sin B, Sin C, Sol B, Ser A and Ser B generated dual Soret peaks of 455--460 nm and 425--430 nm, the other three compounds caused a difference spectrum without 455 nm peak. All these compounds more or less inhibit liver microsomal hydroxylation of benzo[a]pyrene (BP) demethylation of aminopyrine. Sin B, Sol B and DDB decreased mutagenicity of BP in Ames test.

Topics: Animals; Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; Cyclooctanes; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; Dioxoles; In Vitro Techniques; Lignans; Male; Medicine, Chinese Traditional; Medicine, East Asian Traditional; Microsomes, Liver; Mutagens; NADP; Oxidation-Reduction; Plants, Medicinal; Polycyclic Compounds; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains

Fructus Schizandrae, a traditional Chinese tonic, has been shown to lower the elevated serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) levels of patients with chronic viral hepatitis and several of its components decrease the hepatotoxicity of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in animals. This paper deals with the mechanism of protection against CCl4-hepatotoxicity of these compounds as well as of DDB, a synthetic analogue of Schizandrin (Sin) C. Of the seven components, Sin B and C, Schizandrol (Sol) B, Schizandrer (Ser) A and B, as well as dimethyl-4,4'-dimethoxy-5,6,5',6'-dimethylenedioxy-biphenyl-2,2'-dicarboxylate (DDB) were shown to inhibit CCl4-induced lipid peroxidation and [14C]Cl4 covalent binding to lipids of liver microsomes from phenobarbital(PB)-treated mice. The compounds also decreased carbon monoxide (CO) production and cofactor (NADPH, oxygen) utilization during CCl4 metabolization by liver microsomes. It may be postulated, therefore, that the hepatoprotective effect of certain components isolated from Fructus Schizandrae as well as DDB is due to their inhibitory effect on CCl4-induced lipid peroxidation and the binding of CCl4-metabolites to lipids of liver microsomes.

Topics: Animals; Carbon Tetrachloride; China; Cyclooctanes; Dioxoles; Lignans; Lipid Metabolism; Lipid Peroxides; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred DBA; Microsomes, Liver; NADP; Oxygen Consumption; Plants, Medicinal; Polycyclic Compounds

Topics: Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Cyclooctanes; Cycloparaffins; Dioxoles; Lignans; Molecular Conformation; Plant Extracts; Plants, Medicinal; Polycyclic Compounds