salicylates and kojic-acid

Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) has posed a substantial challenge for patients with higher Fitzpatrick skin types, specifically types III to VI. Treatment modalities pose a number of limitations due to the number of treatments required, potential side effects, and overall efficacy. Fortunately, multiple therapies have been delineated that can be moderately to highly efficacious in treating PIH in patients with skin of color. This article will review some of these modalities and procedures for this common patient concern.

Topics: Chemexfoliation; Dermatitis; Dermatologic Agents; Dicarboxylic Acids; Drug Combinations; Ethanol; Glycolates; Humans; Hydroquinones; Hyperpigmentation; Inflammation; Keratolytic Agents; Lactic Acid; Pyrones; Resorcinols; Salicylates; Salicylic Acid; Skin Pigmentation; Tretinoin

Chemical peels and topical depigmenting agents have become a popular modality in the treatment of melasma.. To compare the clinical efficacy of trichloroacetic acid peel 20%vs. Jessner's solution peel vs. the topical mixture of hydroquinone 2% and kojic acid.. Forty five patients with melasma were randomly assigned into three groups of fifteen patients each. Group A received Jessner's solution peel, group B received trichloroacetic acid peel 20%, and group C received topical hydroquinone 2% and kojic acid. All patients were seen in follow-up period after 16 weeks; clinical evaluation using Melasma Area and Severity Index (MASI) score and photography were recorded before and after treatment and after 16 weeks.. There was a decrease in MASI score in all three groups after treatment and after follow-up period but after treatment MASI score was statistically significantly lower in group A than group C (P = 0.01), and it was also statistically significantly lower in group B than group C (P < 0.001) but there was no statistically significant difference between groups A and B. After the follow-up period, MASI score was statistically significantly lower in group A than group C (P < 0.001), statistically significantly lower in group B than group C (P < 0.001), and statistically significantly lower in group B than group A (P = 0.035). The statistical analysis was done through one-way anova followed by least significant difference (LSD).. Trichloroacetic acid 20% showed better results than Jessner's solution as peeling agent and hydroquinone 2% with kojic acid as a topical agent in the treatment of melasma.

Topics: Administration, Topical; Adult; Drug Combinations; Ethanol; Female; Humans; Hydroquinones; Keratolytic Agents; Lactic Acid; Melanosis; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Pyrones; Resorcinols; Salicylates; Single-Blind Method; Trichloroacetic Acid; Young Adult