salicylates and glycolic-acid

Chemical peeling, or chemexfoliation, has been used for centuries to improve signs of ultraviolet light-induced sun damage. Over the last 30 years, the science behind chemical peeling has evolved, increasing our understanding of the role of peeling ingredients and treatment indications. The depth of peels is directly related to improved results and to the number of complications that can occur. Key principles for superficial and medium depth peeling are discussed, as well as appropriate indications for these treatments.

Topics: Caustics; Chemexfoliation; Drug Combinations; Ethanol; Glycolates; Humans; Keratolytic Agents; Lactic Acid; Phenol; Resorcinols; Salicylates; Salicylic Acid; Skin Diseases; Tretinoin; Trichloroacetic Acid

Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) has posed a substantial challenge for patients with higher Fitzpatrick skin types, specifically types III to VI. Treatment modalities pose a number of limitations due to the number of treatments required, potential side effects, and overall efficacy. Fortunately, multiple therapies have been delineated that can be moderately to highly efficacious in treating PIH in patients with skin of color. This article will review some of these modalities and procedures for this common patient concern.

Topics: Chemexfoliation; Dermatitis; Dermatologic Agents; Dicarboxylic Acids; Drug Combinations; Ethanol; Glycolates; Humans; Hydroquinones; Hyperpigmentation; Inflammation; Keratolytic Agents; Lactic Acid; Pyrones; Resorcinols; Salicylates; Salicylic Acid; Skin Pigmentation; Tretinoin

Superficial chemical peels are frequently used in acne vulgaris treatment. Although glycolic acid (GA) has been widely used in clinical practice, its pH ranges from 0.08-2.75 and thus should be neutralized after application to avoid burns.. To evaluate treatment efficacy and safety of chemical peeling using buffered 50% GA (pH 3.0) + 0.5% salicylic acid (SA) solution that does not need to be neutralized in the treatment of acne vulgaris compared to the conventional peeling using Jessner's solution.. We performed a prospective, randomized, evaluator-blind, split-face clinical trial. Twenty patients were randomized by assigning one side of each patient's face to receive a 50% GA (pH 3.0) + 0.5% SA peel (GA side) and the other side to receive the Jessner's solution (Jessner's solution side). All patients underwent 2 sessions of treatment spaced 2 weeks apart. Lesion count, acne severity, subjective efficacy assessment, and side effects were evaluated.. The total lesion count was significantly reduced for the GA and Jessner's solution sides (P < .001). However, there was no significant difference in the total lesion count, acne severity, or subjective efficacy assessment between the 2 sides (P > .05). The GA side had fewer side effects than the Jessner's solution side.. The results of this study suggest that chemical peeling using the 50% GA (pH 3.0) + 0.5% SA solution can be as effective and convenient as the conventional peeling using Jessner's solution in the treatment of acne vulgaris and may show fewer adverse events than the conventional peeling.

Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Adult; Chemexfoliation; Drug Combinations; Drug Therapy, Combination; Esthetics; Ethanol; Female; Glycolates; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Prognosis; Prospective Studies; Resorcinols; Salicylates; Salicylic Acid; Severity of Illness Index; Single-Blind Method; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult

Several chemical agents are currently used to perform superficial peels of the face to reduce facial hyperpigmentation and fine lines/wrinkles. Some of the most commonly used agents are alpha hydroxyl acids, such as glycolic acid (GA), or beta hydroxy acid, such as salicylic acid.. This study aims to compare the efficacy of GA to that of a novel derivative of salicylic acid, capryloyl salicylic acid (LHA).. In a split-face study, 50 female volunteers between the ages of 35 and 60 years with mild to moderate facial hyperpigmentation and fine lines/wrinkles were randomized and LHA or GA peel was applied to one side of the face. Increasing peel concentrations were applied (5-10% LHA or 20-50% GA) based on the tolerance level of the subjects and clinical observations of an expert dermatologist for 12 weeks at biweekly intervals.. Of the 44 volunteers who completed the study, at 12 weeks 41% of LHA-treated and 30% of GA-treated subjects demonstrated significant reduction of fine lines/wrinkles compared to baseline. Forty-six percent of LHA-treated subjects and 34% of GA-treated subjects showed significant reduction of hyperpigmentation compared to baseline. LHA treatment was better than GA peels, although there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups.. Five percent to 10% of LHA peel is generally safe and as effective as 20-50% GA peel in reducing facial hyperpigmentation and fine lines/wrinkles.

Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Chemexfoliation; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Glycolates; Humans; Hydroxy Acids; Hyperpigmentation; Keratolytic Agents; Middle Aged; Patient Satisfaction; Salicylates; Single-Blind Method; Skin Aging; Treatment Outcome

Many clinicians perform glycolic acid peels for facial acne patients, but there has not been a well-controlled study to compare this new therapy with other conventional modalities.. To compare the effectiveness of treatment and side effects in the treatment of facial acne by two agents, 70% glycolic acid and Jessner's solution.. Twenty-six patients with facial acne were treated simultaneously with 70% glycolic acid and Jessner's solution biweekly on each side of the face. The treatment sides were randomized and the evaluation of treatment was done biweekly by a blinded evaluator who did not know the randomization code. Dr. Cunliffe's acne grading system was used for objective comparison. All patients were also asked about the improvement of facial acne and about the side effects experienced. Finally, the patients answered the preference test between the 2 peeling methods.. Acne grading of both treatments improved after 3 treatment sessions. However, there were no significant differences in treatment effects between the 2 methods. As far as side effects were concerned, sites treated with Jessner's solution showed a significantly increased degree of exfoliation compared to glycolic acid (p < 0.01).. Glycolic acid is less widely used than Jessner's solution due to its inconvenient application technique. But considering the equal treatment effect and lesser degree of exfoliation in glycolic acid, we would recommend the use of glycolic acid over Jessner's solution for acne patients.

Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Adolescent; Adult; Chemexfoliation; Drug Combinations; Ethanol; Facial Dermatoses; Female; Glycolates; Humans; Keratolytic Agents; Lactic Acid; Male; Prospective Studies; Resorcinols; Salicylates; Single-Blind Method; Skin; Treatment Outcome

Studies comparing purported antiaging compounds are rare.. To compare in a randomized, placebo-controlled double-blind study 10% glycolic acid (GA), 2% 2-hydroxy-5-octanoyl benzoic acid (beta-lipohydroxy acid, LSA) and 0.05% all-trans-retinoic acid (RA).. Women volunteers treated one forearm twice daily with one of the active products and the other one with the vehicle. Comparative evaluations of efficacy were made using histochemistry and quantitative immunohistochemistry.. Improvement in the various epidermal compartments was the most prominent finding at the RA-treated site. The LSA-treated site also exhibited similar positive changes, although to a lesser degree. GA showed no significant effect.. In the presently tested concentrations and formulations, RA had a beneficial impact upon the aging epidermis. LSA mimicked RA but with somewhat lesser efficacy. By contrast, GA appeared almost inactive.

Topics: Double-Blind Method; Epidermis; Female; Filaggrin Proteins; Glycolates; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Intermediate Filament Proteins; Keratins; Keratolytic Agents; Ki-67 Antigen; Lectins; Middle Aged; Plant Lectins; Salicylates; Skin; Skin Diseases; Transglutaminases; Treatment Outcome; Tretinoin

Melasma can be resistant to topical therapy.. Our purpose was to evaluate the efficacy of superficial peels in conjunction with topical tretinoin and hydroquinone in patients with melasma and to evaluate the ability of Wood's light examination to predict response to treatment.. We measured increased light reflectance in melasma areas with a colorimeter. Clinical observations were scored through an index designed to weigh numerically homogeneity, intensity of color, and area of melasma.. Colorimetric analysis showed an average lightening of 3.14 +/- 3.1 on the glycolic acid-treated side and 2.96 +/- 4.84 on the Jessner's solution-treated side. There was no statistically significant difference between the right and left. There was an overall decrease in melasma area and severity of 63%.. Superficial peels hasten the effects of topical therapy in melasma. Wood's light examination did not help predict response to treatment.

Topics: Chemexfoliation; Colorimetry; Drug Combinations; Ethanol; Facial Dermatoses; Female; Glycolates; Humans; Keratolytic Agents; Lactic Acid; Melanosis; Resorcinols; Salicylates; Tretinoin

Melasma is an acquired challenging pigmentary skin problem, which commonly affects the face. A wide range of therapeutic modalities is available, yet none is satisfactory.. To compare efficacy and safety of trichloroacetic acid (TCA) 20% peeling with either modified Jessner's solution (MJs) or with glycolic acid (GA) 70% peeling in the treatment of melasma.. Thirty adult Egyptian women with melasma were recruited in the study. After cleansing the face, MJs was applied on one side of the face and GA 70% on the other side. Then, TCA 20% was applied in one uniform coat on both sides of the face. Assessment of the clinical response was guided by calculating the melasma area, severity index (MASI), modified MASI, and hemi-MASI scores before and after the end of treatment.. Both combinations showed significant reduction in MASI, modified MASI, and hemi-MASI scores (p value = .000, for each). Moreover, the hemi-MASI score after MJs and TCA20% showed a significant decrease compared with GA70% and TCA20% (p value = .013).. Both modalities are successful, safe options for treating melasma. Moreover, combining MJs with TCA 20% is more efficacious.

Topics: Adult; Chemexfoliation; Drug Combinations; Drug Therapy, Combination; Ethanol; Female; Glycolates; Humans; Lactic Acid; Melanosis; Resorcinols; Salicylates; Trichloroacetic Acid

Chronically photodamaged skin usually presents with multiple, widespread, actinic keratoses (AKs), and treatment of the entire affected area is recommended.. We report our experience with a combination of Jessner's solution or 70% glycolic acid (GA) with 5% 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) solution for superficial pulse peeling used in the treatment of widespread AKs in 31 patients. Pulse peelings were performed at biweekly intervals. The endpoint for treatment was complete or maximum clearance of the lesions at clinical evaluation. Pre- and post-skin biopsy and histopathologic examination were performed in three patients for the purpose of demonstrating the pulse peel effects.. All patients achieved a satisfactory result, including the complete regression, or at least 80% clearing, of AK lesions and an overall improvement of photodamaged skin.. We consider this superficial 5-FU pulse peel to be a safe, well-tolerated, very effective, and highly inexpensive therapeutic option for the treatment of multiple, diffuse AKs. Its benefit/cost ratio will be of interest to public health services, mainly in developing countries.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; Biopsy; Chemexfoliation; Drug Combinations; Drug Therapy, Combination; Ethanol; Female; Fluorouracil; Glycolates; Humans; Keratolytic Agents; Keratosis, Actinic; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Resorcinols; Retrospective Studies; Salicylates; Treatment Outcome

Glycolic acid and Jessner's solution are popular superficial chemical peel agents for the treatment of facial acne, and increased sebum secretion is one of the major aetiological factors of acne.. To compare the effects of 30% glycolic acid peels and Jessner's solution peels on sebum secretion in facial acne patients.. Thirty-eight patients with mild to moderate facial acne were included. Twenty-seven patients were treated with 30% glycolic acid peels and 11 patients with Jessner's solution peels. Each peel was performed twice with an interval of 2 weeks. Before and 2 weeks after each peel, sebum levels of forehead, nose, chin and cheeks were measured by using a Sebumeter (SM810 Courage & Khazaka, Cologne, Germany).. The sebum levels were not significantly changed by two peels treatments of 30% glycolic acid peels or Jessner's solution peels on the facial skins of patients with facial acne.. The two types of peels, 30% glycolic acid peels and Jessner's solution peels, did not affect sebum secretion of the facial skins of patients with facial acne after the two peels treatments. The accumulative effects of more than two peels treatments using these modalities need further evaluation.

Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Adolescent; Adult; Chemexfoliation; Drug Combinations; Ethanol; Facial Dermatoses; Female; Glycolates; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Resorcinols; Salicylates; Sebum

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Chemexfoliation; Dermatologic Agents; Drug Combinations; Ethanol; Glycolates; Humans; Hydroxy Acids; Lactic Acid; Resorcinols; Retinoids; Salicylates; Skin Aging; Skin Care; Trichloroacetic Acid

Superficial chemical peels are being used with increasing frequency in the treatment of photoaging.. Our purpose was to develop a marker to indicate when all areas of skin have been treated and avoid reliance on a map or operator recall.. With a Wood's lamp (maximum output 365 nm) and addition of salicylic acid and fluorescein sodium, solutions that are readily available, the progress of the superficial chemical peel can be visualized.. Wood's lamp accentuates epidermal pigment and therefore highlights dyschromia that will respond to a superficial chemical peel. Similarly, salicylic acid and fluorescein sodium fluoresce when viewed under Wood's lamp examination.. When fluorescent compounds are incorporated into a superficial chemical peel, then fluorescence can accurately locate skip areas, minimize inadvertent overlayering, and thereby avoid deeper penetration.

Topics: Chemexfoliation; Drug Combinations; Ethanol; Female; Fluorescein; Fluoresceins; Glycolates; Humans; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Male; Resorcinols; Salicylates; Salicylic Acid; Skin; Skin Aging; Skin Pigmentation; Trichloroacetic Acid; Ultraviolet Rays