sagittatoside-b and icariin

Topics: alpha-Glucosidases; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Ferric Compounds; Flavonoids; Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; Humans; Ligands; Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

To review the quality of Epimedium extract in the market.. The contents of icariin, epimedin C, sagittatoside B and total flavonoids in Epimedium extracts sold in the market were assayed by the methods of HPLC and UV respectively. HPLC fingerprintings were obtained at the same time.. The contents of icariin in most of the extracts are closely similar with the ones labeled by the companies. 3 type chromatograms were classified in all the HPLC fingerprintings, and were corresponded with their raw materials. The contents of epimedin C, sagittatoside B and total flavonoids were different in the samples with the same content of icariin.. We can primarily confirm the origin of raw materials by comparing the HPLC fingerprinting of extracts with the ones of materials. The difference of extracts quality mainly comes from the difference of materials. So we suggest that Epimedium extract product should be labeled the origin of materials, and assayed with more compound contents, to ensure the quality stabilization.

Topics: China; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Ecosystem; Epimedium; Flavonoids; Plant Extracts; Plants, Medicinal; Quality Control; Species Specificity

Herba Epimedii (family Berberidaceae), Yinyanghuo in Chinese, is one of the commonly used Chinese medicines. Flavonoids are considered as its active components. In this study, a reliable pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) and HPLC method was developed for simultaneous determination of 15 flavonoids, namely hexandraside E, kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside, hexandraside F, epimedin A, epimedin B, epimedin C, icariin, epimedoside C, baohuoside II, caohuoside C, baohuoside VII, sagittatoside A, sagittatoside B, 2''-O-rhamnosyl icariside II and baohuoside I in different species of Epimedium. The analysis was performed by using a Zorbax SB-C18 analytical column (250 mm x 4.6 mm I.D., 5 microm) at gradient elution of water and acetonitrile with diode-array detection (270 nm). All calibration curves showed good linearity (r(2)>0.9997) within test ranges. The LOD and LOQ were lower than 1.31 ng and 2.62 ng on column, respectively. The RSD for intra- and inter-day of 15 analytes was less than 3.8% at three levels, and the recoveries were 90.5-106.8%. The validated method was successfully applied for the analysis of 15 flavonoids in different species of Epimedium which had great variation on the contents of investigated flavonoids. Hierarchical clustering analysis based on the characteristics of 15 investigated compound peaks in HPLC profiles showed that 26 samples were divided into three main clusters, which were in accordance with their flavonoid contents. Four flavonoids including epimedin A, B, C and icariin were optimized as markers for quality control of the species of Epimedium used as Yinyanghuo.

Topics: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Epimedium; Flavonoids; Reproducibility of Results

To comment on main resource species of Herba Epimedii.. Taxonomy, resource investigation and quality evaluation of flavonoid contents were made.. 7 species of Herba Epimedii having broad distribution were summarized. According the area of their distribution, they were named Epimedium sagittatum, E. brevicornu, E. acuminatum, E. koreanum, E. pubescens, E. leptorrhizum and E. wushanense. Each distribution in detail and icariin and likewise compounds contents of these 7 species were provided. Other 8 Epimedium species much used were proposed. Medicinal characters 15 species were provided in this paper.. On the basis of distribution character, resource quantity and growing with other species mingled, it is suggested that 4 main production or purchasing districts in China be divided. The most important district is northeastern district, where only E. koreanum grows there, with the best guality. Northwestern and northern district is the second one, where E. brevicornu, mainly grows with much stable guality. Then it is eastern and southern district, where E. sagittatum grows with the largest quantity but unstable quality. Southwestern district is the last one, mingle species complex and identification important. In Sichuan province, E. acuminatum and E. pubescens are main species, with other 12 species growing there. In Guizhou province, E. acuminatum, E. leptorrhizum and E. wushanense are main species, other 7 species growing there and E. leptorrhizum with poor quality. It is suggested that E. acuminatum be recorded in Chinese Pharmacopoeia.

Topics: China; Conservation of Natural Resources; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Ecosystem; Epimedium; Flavonoids; Pharmacognosy; Plants, Medicinal; Quality Control