rosoxacin and amifloxacin

The effects of several quinolone compounds on mitogen-stimulation of normal human mononuclear leucocytes were studied. In these experiments, mononuclear leucocytes were obtained from heparinized whole blood of healthy young adult donors by Ficoll-hypaque sedimentation. The cells were cultured in the presence of both mitogen and various concentrations of the quinolone compounds. Control cultures (without the addition of the quinolones) were examined concurrently. Our data suggests that the quinolones tested, with the exception of rosoxacin (acrosoxacin) at a concentration of 2.5 mg/l, neither impair nor stimulate activation of lymphocytes by the mitogen phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) when used at the concentrations obtained during therapy.

Topics: 4-Quinolones; Adult; Anti-Infective Agents; Ciprofloxacin; Fluoroquinolones; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Lymphocyte Activation; Norfloxacin; Phytohemagglutinins; Quinolines; Quinolones

The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of twelve 4-quinolone antimicrobials were determined for Salmonella typhi (25), Salmonella spp. (50), Shigella spp. (50), Campylobacter jejuni (100), Vibrio cholerae (10), Vibrio parahaemolyticus (10), Yersinia enterocolitica (25), Aeromonas hydrophila (25) and Plesiomonas shigelloides (10). MICs were determined using an agar dilution technique in Mueller-Hinton agar (Oxoid, England) supplemented with 10% lysed horse blood. Antibiotic containing plates were inoculated with approximately 10(4) colony forming units of each organism, contained in 10 microliters of Mueller-Hinton broth (Oxoid, England), using a multipoint inoculator. Following inoculation plates were incubated aerobically for 18 hours at 37 degrees C, except for plates inoculated with Campylobacter jejuni which were incubated microaerophilically for 48 hours at 37 degrees C. The MICs of each antimicrobial for each isolate examined, together with the minimum concentrations of each antimicrobial required to inhibit 50% (MIC50) and 90% (MIC90) of the isolates examined, were also determined. The more recently synthesized 4-quinolones showed very good activity against all of the enteric pathogens examined with ciprofloxacin being the most active (MIC90: Salmonella typhi 0.015 microgram/ml, Salmonella spp. 0.015 microgram/ml, Shigella spp. 0.015 microgram/ml, Campylobacter jejuni 0.12 microgram/ml, Vibrio cholerae 0.008 microgram/ml, Vibrio parahaemolyticus 0.06 microgram/ml, Yersinia enterocolitica 0.015 microgram/ml, Aeromonas hydrophila 0.015 microgram/ml and Plesiomonas shigelloides 0.015 microgram/ml. Where considered clinically appropriate these compounds may have a useful role in the treatment and prevention of diarrhoeal disease caused by these enteric pathogens.

Topics: 4-Quinolones; Aeromonas; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Campylobacter fetus; Cinoxacin; Ciprofloxacin; Diarrhea; Enoxacin; Fluoroquinolones; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Intestines; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Nalidixic Acid; Naphthyridines; Norfloxacin; Ofloxacin; Oxazines; Oxolinic Acid; Pefloxacin; Pipemidic Acid; Quinolines; Quinolizines; Quinolones; Salmonella; Shigella; Vibrio cholerae; Vibrio parahaemolyticus; Yersinia enterocolitica

The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of twelve 4-quinolone antimicrobials were determined for 100 isolates of Haemophilus influenzae (including 30 beta-lactamase producing strains) and 100 isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae. MICs were determined using an agar dilution technique in Mueller-Hinton agar supplemented with 10% lysed horse blood. The inoculum used was approximately 10(4) colony-forming units, contained in 10 microliters of Mueller-Hinton broth, which was applied to the agar plates using a multipoint inoculator. Following inoculation, plates were incubated at 37 degrees C for 18 h in an atmosphere enriched to 10% carbon dioxide. The MIC of each antimicrobial for each isolate examined was determined as the lowest concentration of the antimicrobial which completely inhibited growth of the inoculum. The minimum concentrations required to inhibit the growth of 50% (MIC50) and 90% (MIC90) of the organisms examined were also determined. The more recently synthesised 4-quinolones showed considerably greater activity than nalidixic acid and pipemidic acid against clinical isolates of Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae. There was no apparent difference between the MICs observed for beta-lactamase producing and non-beta-lactamase producing strains of Haemophilus influenzae. Ciprofloxacin was the most active 4-quinolone examined (MIC90 for Haemophilus influenzae 0.008 microgram/ml; Streptococcus pneumoniae 2 micrograms/ml). Clinical studies on a possible role for some of the more recently synthesised 4-quinolones in the management of patients with respiratory infection are indicated.

Topics: 4-Quinolones; Anti-Infective Agents; Cinoxacin; Ciprofloxacin; Enoxacin; Fluoroquinolones; Haemophilus influenzae; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Nalidixic Acid; Naphthyridines; Norfloxacin; Ofloxacin; Oxazines; Oxolinic Acid; Pefloxacin; Pipemidic Acid; Quinolines; Quinolizines; Quinolones; Streptococcus pneumoniae

The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of nalidixic acid, pipemidic acid, cinoxacin, oxolinic acid, flumequine, pefloxacin, acrosoxacin, amifloxacin, norfloxacin, enoxacin, ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin were determined for a range of clinical isolates. MICs were determined using an agar dilution technique in Mueller-Hinton agar supplemented with 10% lysed horse blood. The inoculum used was approximately 10(4) colony forming units, contained in 10 microliters Mueller-Hinton broth, which was applied to the agar plates using a multipoint inoculator. Following inoculation, plates were incubated in conditions appropriate for the organisms under investigation. The MIC of each antimicrobial for each isolate examined was determined as the lowest concentration of the antimicrobial which completely inhibited growth of the inoculum. The minimum concentrations required to inhibit the growth of 50% (MIC50) and 90% (MIC90) of the organisms examined were also determined. All of the more recently synthesised 4-quinolones showed considerably greater activity than the parent compounds, nalidixic acid, pipemidic acid and cinoxacin, against the range of organisms used in this study. Ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin were the two most active of the 4-quinolones examined.

Topics: 4-Quinolones; Anti-Infective Agents; Bacteria; Cinoxacin; Ciprofloxacin; Enoxacin; Fluoroquinolones; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Nalidixic Acid; Naphthyridines; Norfloxacin; Ofloxacin; Oxazines; Oxolinic Acid; Pefloxacin; Pipemidic Acid; Quinolines; Quinolizines; Quinolones