rosmarinic-acid and cynarine

Mitogen-activated protein kinase-3 (MAPK3) is the upstream regulator in the MAPK cascade and is involved in many critical signaling pathways and biological processes, such as cell proliferation, survival, and apoptosis. MAPK3 overexpression is linked to onset, development, metastasis, and drug resistance in several human cancers. Thus, identifying novel and effective MAPK3 inhibitors is highly demanded. Herein, we aimed to discover organic compounds from cinnamic acid derivatives as potential MAPK3 inhibitors.. The binding affinity of 20 cinnamic acids to the MAPK3 active site was tested using the AutoDock 4.0 software. Top-ranked cinnamic acids were ranked based on the Δ. Cynarin, chlorogenic acid, rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid 3-glucoside, and cinnamyl caffeate might be helpful in cancer therapy by inhibiting MAPK3.

Topics: Caffeic Acids; Chlorogenic Acid; Glucosides; Humans; Neoplasms; Rosmarinic Acid

A reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for analyzing phenolic compounds in fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) has been developed. The use of a monolithic column with short dimensions in combination with optimized chromatographic conditions allows over 100 samples per day to be analyzed. Chromatographic parameters such as column temperature and injection volume, were found to be crucial in obtaining adequate selectivity and resolution, consequently allowing short run times. The method was validated for the major phenolic compounds present in fennel plant material: 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3-CQA), chlorogenic acid, 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid (4-CQA), eriocitrin, rutin, miquelianin, 1,3-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid (1,3-diCQA), 1,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid (1,5-diCQA), 1,4-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid (1,4-diCQA) and rosmarinic acid. The limits of detection (LOD) and the limits of quantitation (LOQ) ranged from 0.05 to 1.0 microg/mL and from 0.15 to 2.5 microg/mL, respectively. With some adaptation, the extraction procedure could be even less invasive, which is useful in screening work.

Topics: Chlorogenic Acid; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cinnamates; Depsides; Foeniculum; Phenols; Reproducibility of Results; Rosmarinic Acid; Sensitivity and Specificity; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Temperature

A new method based on the inhibitory effects of antioxidants on the oscillations of the hydrogen peroxide, acidic iodate, malonic acid, and Mn(II)-catalyzed system (known as the Briggs-Rauscher reaction), was used for the evaluation of antioxidative capacity. With this method, which works near the pH of the fluids in the stomach (pH approximately 2), a group of natural compounds present in fruits and vegetables or in medicinal plants assumed to have antioxidant capacity, was tested successfully. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the antioxidative properties of some active principles contained in vegetables and aromatic plants, namely, cynarin (from Cynara scolymus), rosmarinic acid (from Rosmarinus officinalis), echinacoside (from Echinacea species), puerarin (from Pueraria lobata), and oleuropein (from Olea europea). Also studied with the Briggs-Rauscher reaction method was the antioxidant activity of cyanidin 3-O-beta-glucopyranoside (from Citrus aurantium) in order to compare the results with those obtained by other methods. The conclusions on the dependency of the antioxidative activity on the pH of the testing system are given.

Topics: Antioxidants; Cinnamates; Cynara; Depsides; Echinacea; Flavonoids; Fruit; Glycosides; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Iodates; Iridoid Glucosides; Iridoids; Isoflavones; Malonates; Manganese; Olea; Phenols; Plants, Medicinal; Polymers; Pueraria; Pyrans; Rosmarinic Acid; Rosmarinus; Vegetables