rifampin and sultamicillin

The most effective way to control severity and mortality rate of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is through sensitive diagnostic approaches and an appropriate treatment protocol. We aimed to identify the effect of adding corticosteroid and Tocilizumab to a standard treatment protocol in treating COVID-19 patients with chronic disease through hematological and lab biomarkers.. This study was performed retrospectively on 68 COVID-19 patients with chronic disease who were treated by different therapeutic protocols. The patients were categorized into four groups: control group represented the patients' lab results at admission before treatment protocols were applied; group 1 included patients treated with anticoagulants, Hydroxychloroquine, and antibiotics; group 2 comprised patients treated with Dexamethasone; and group 3 included patients treated with Dexamethasone and Tocilizumab.. The study paves the way into the effectiveness of combining Dexamethasone with Tocilizumab in treatment COVID-19 patients with chronic diseases.. La forma más eficaz de controlar la gravedad y la tasa de mortalidad de la enfermedad del nuevo coronavirus (COVID-19) es mediante enfoques de diagnóstico sensibles y un protocolo de tratamiento adecuado. Nuestro objetivo fue identificar el efecto de agregar corticosteroides y tocilizumab a un protocolo de tratamiento estándar en el tratamiento de pacientes con COVID-19 con enfermedad crónica a través de biomarcadores hematológicos y de laboratorio.. Este estudio se realizó de forma retrospectiva en 68 pacientes COVID-19 con enfermedad crónica que fueron tratados por diferentes protocolos terapéuticos. Los pacientes se clasificaron en cuatro grupos: el grupo de control representaba los resultados de laboratorio de los pacientes en el momento de la admisión antes de que se aplicaran los protocolos de tratamiento; el grupo 1 incluyó a pacientes tratados con anticoagulantes, hidroxicloroquina y antibióticos; el grupo 2 estaba compuesto por pacientes tratados con dexametasona; y el grupo 3 incluyó a pacientes tratados con dexametasona y tocilizumab.. El estudio allana el camino hacia la eficacia de la combinación de dexametasona con tocilizumab en el tratamiento de pacientes con COVID-19 con enfermedades crónicas.. The Child-Mother Index constitutes a potential useful risk factor indicator for statistical analyses on data after birth. The value of the Child-Mother Index based on the estimated fetal weight before birth deserves evaluation.. Six ceria supports synthesized by various synthesis methodologies were used to deposit cobalt oxide. The catalysts were thoroughly characterized, and their catalytic activity for complete methane oxidation was studied. The supports synthesized by direct calcination and precipitation with ammonia exhibited the best textural and structural properties as well as the highest degree of oxidation. The remaining supports presented poorer textural properties to be employed as catalytic supports. The cobalt deposited over the first two supports presented a good dispersion at the external surface, which induced a significant redox effect that increased the number of Co. Some studies show that children with obesity are more likely to receive a diagnosis of depression, anxiety, or attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). But this does not necessarily mean obesity causes these conditions. Depression, anxiety, or ADHD could cause obesity. A child's environment, including family income or their parents' mental health, could also affect a child's weight and mental health. Understanding the nature of these relationships could help scientists develop better interventions for both obesity and mental health conditions. Genetic studies may help scientists better understand the role of the environment in these conditions, but it's important to consider both the child's and their parents’ genetics in these analyses. This is because parents and children share not only genes, but also environmental conditions. For example, families that carry genetic variants associated with higher body weight might also have lower incomes, if parents have been affected by biases against heavier people in society and the workplace. Children in these families could have worse mental health because of effects of their parent’s weight, rather than their own weight. Looking at both child and adult genetics can help disentangle these processes. Hughes et al. show that a child's own body mass index, a ratio of weight and height, is not strongly associated with the child’s mental health symptoms. They analysed genetic, weight, and health survey data from about 41,000 8-year-old children and their parents. The results suggest that a child's own BMI does not have a large effect on their anxiety symptoms. There was also no clear evidence that a child's BMI affected their symptoms of depression or ADHD. These results contradict previous studies, which did not account for parental genetics. Hughes et al. suggest that, at least for eight-year-olds, factors linked with adult weight and which differ between families may be more critical to a child's mental health than a child’s own weight. For older children and adolescents, this may not be the case, and the individual’s own weight may be more important. As a result, policies designed to reduce obesity in mid-childhood are unlikely to greatly improve the mental health of children. On the other hand, policies targeting the environmental or societal factors contributing to higher body weights, bias against people with higher weights, and poor child mental health directly may be more beneficial.. The development of an efficient photocatalyst for C2 product formation from CO. Оценка антиастенического эффекта последовательной терапии левокарнитином (ЛК) и ацетилкарнитином (АЛК) пациентов с артериальной гипертензией и/или ишемической болезнью сердца (ИБС) с астеническим синдромом (АС).. В открытое сравнительное исследование были включены 120 пациентов в возрасте 54—67 лет с артериальной гипертензией и/или ИБС с АС. Пациенты 1-й группы (. У больных 1-й группы отмечено статистически значимое уменьшение различных проявлений АС. Отличия носили достоверный характер по сравнению как с исходным уровнем, так и со 2-й группой. Установлено эндотелийпротективное действие ЛК и АЛК.. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют, что у таких коморбидных пациентов использование ЛК и АЛК уменьшает выраженность проявлений АС, а установленные эндотелиотропные свойства препаратов позволяют рекомендовать их в составе комплексной персонифицированной терапии пациентов с сердечно-сосудистыми заболеваниями.. Naproxen sodium 440 mg/diphenhydramine 50 mg combination demonstrated improvement in sleep maintenance (WASO) vs. naproxen sodium 550 mg and higher efficiency in average daily pain reduction compared with the comparison groups. The treatment was well tolerated There were no serious or unexpected adverse events reported in the study.. Сравнительный анализ эффективности и безопасности новой комбинации напроксена натрия и дифенгидрамина у пациентов с неспецифическим болевым синдромом в пояснично-крестцовом отделе спины (M54.5 «Боль внизу спины») и нарушением сна (G47.0 «Нарушения засыпания и поддержания сна [бессонница]»).. Проведено проспективное многоцентровое рандомизированное открытое сравнительное в параллельных группах клиническое исследование. Пациенты были рандомизированы в 3 группы. Больные 1-й группы получали напроксен натрия (440 мг) и дифенгидрамин (50 мг), 2-й — напроксен натрия (550 мг), 3-й — парацетамол (1000 мг) и дифенгидрамин (50 мг). Исследуемые препараты пациенты принимали однократно перед сном в течение 3 дней. Все пациенты также принимали 275 мг (1 таблетка) напроксена натрия в качестве препарата фоновой терапии. Первичным критерием эффективности было общее время бодрствования после наступления сна (WASO), измеряемое методом актиграфии. Также использовались критерии оценки продолжительности и качества сна и выраженности боли.. Анализ эффективности проведен для ITT популяции (. Применение комбинации напроксена натрия (440 мг) и дифенгидрамина (50 мг) характеризовалось более выраженным поддержанием сна по сравнению с напроксеном натрия 550 мг и более высокой эффективностью в отношении снижения интенсивности боли по сравнению со 2-й и 3-й группами. Отмечена хорошая переносимость препарата, серьезных нежелательных явлений зарегистрировано не было.

Topics: Acetaminophen; Acetylcarnitine; Acetylcholinesterase; Acids; Acinetobacter baumannii; Acinetobacter Infections; Adaptation, Psychological; Adolescent; Adsorption; Adult; Aged; Alcohol Drinking; Alzheimer Disease; Amikacin; Ammonia; Anaerobiosis; Animals; Anorexia; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antineoplastic Agents; Anxiety; Aptamers, Nucleotide; Asthenia; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Bacterial Proteins; Beryllium; beta-Lactamases; Biofuels; Biomass; Biosensing Techniques; Bismuth; Blister; Body Mass Index; Body Surface Area; Boronic Acids; Brain; Breast Neoplasms; Butyrylcholinesterase; Cannabis; Carbapenems; Carbonyl Cyanide m-Chlorophenyl Hydrazone; Carboxylic Acids; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Cardiovascular Diseases; Carnitine; Case-Control Studies; Catalysis; Cell Cycle Proteins; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Child; China; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Clarithromycin; Clostridioides; Clostridioides difficile; Clostridium Infections; Cohort Studies; Colistin; Colitis; Colon; Coloring Agents; Coronary Artery Bypass; Creatinine; Crystalloid Solutions; Cytokines; Depression; Dextran Sulfate; Dextrans; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Retinopathy; Diarrhea; Dietary Supplements; Diphenhydramine; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Outbreaks; Double-Blind Method; Doxorubicin; Drosophila; Drug Tapering; Dysbiosis; Electrons; Escherichia coli; Extracellular Vesicles; Fatigue; Female; Fermentation; gamma-Cyclodextrins; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Glucose; Graft Survival; Graft vs Host Disease; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Heart Arrest, Induced; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; High-Intensity Interval Training; Hippocampus; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hypertension; Incidence; Interferon-gamma; Italy; Kinetics; Klebsiella Infections; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Lab-On-A-Chip Devices; Lactoferrin; Larva; Length of Stay; Lignin; Liver; Liver Neoplasms; Liver Transplantation; Living Donors; Low Back Pain; Lung; Lung Volume Measurements; Macrophages; Male; Melphalan; Men; Mendelian Randomization Analysis; Meropenem; Methane; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Mitochondrial Proteins; Molecular Docking Simulation; Molecular Structure; Mothers; Motivation; Mycoplasma; Mycoplasma hominis; Mycoplasma Infections; NAD; Nanocomposites; Nanoparticles; Nanotubes, Carbon; Naproxen; Neovascularization, Pathologic; Neurons; Nitrates; Nucleolin; Opuntia; Paratyphoid Fever; Phenotype; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; Phytochemicals; Plant Extracts; Pregnancy; Prevalence; Prospective Studies; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Resveratrol; Retrospective Studies; Rifampin; Risk Factors; RNA, Messenger; Selenium; Sleep; Social Behavior; Soil; Soil Pollutants; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck; Staphylococcus aureus; Structure-Activity Relationship; Suicidal Ideation; Suicide; Superoxide Dismutase-1; Surveys and Questionnaires; Swimming; Syndrome; Tannins; Temperature; Transforming Growth Factor beta; Transplantation Conditioning; Treatment Outcome; Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms; Troponin T; Tumor Microenvironment; United Kingdom; Ureaplasma; Ureaplasma urealyticum; Urinary Tract Infections; Viscum; Waste Disposal Facilities; Wastewater; Water; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Wolfiporia; Young Adult

The most effective way to control severity and mortality rate of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is through sensitive diagnostic approaches and an appropriate treatment protocol. We aimed to identify the effect of adding corticosteroid and Tocilizumab to a standard treatment protocol in treating COVID-19 patients with chronic disease through hematological and lab biomarkers.. This study was performed retrospectively on 68 COVID-19 patients with chronic disease who were treated by different therapeutic protocols. The patients were categorized into four groups: control group represented the patients' lab results at admission before treatment protocols were applied; group 1 included patients treated with anticoagulants, Hydroxychloroquine, and antibiotics; group 2 comprised patients treated with Dexamethasone; and group 3 included patients treated with Dexamethasone and Tocilizumab.. The study paves the way into the effectiveness of combining Dexamethasone with Tocilizumab in treatment COVID-19 patients with chronic diseases.. La forma más eficaz de controlar la gravedad y la tasa de mortalidad de la enfermedad del nuevo coronavirus (COVID-19) es mediante enfoques de diagnóstico sensibles y un protocolo de tratamiento adecuado. Nuestro objetivo fue identificar el efecto de agregar corticosteroides y tocilizumab a un protocolo de tratamiento estándar en el tratamiento de pacientes con COVID-19 con enfermedad crónica a través de biomarcadores hematológicos y de laboratorio.. Este estudio se realizó de forma retrospectiva en 68 pacientes COVID-19 con enfermedad crónica que fueron tratados por diferentes protocolos terapéuticos. Los pacientes se clasificaron en cuatro grupos: el grupo de control representaba los resultados de laboratorio de los pacientes en el momento de la admisión antes de que se aplicaran los protocolos de tratamiento; el grupo 1 incluyó a pacientes tratados con anticoagulantes, hidroxicloroquina y antibióticos; el grupo 2 estaba compuesto por pacientes tratados con dexametasona; y el grupo 3 incluyó a pacientes tratados con dexametasona y tocilizumab.. El estudio allana el camino hacia la eficacia de la combinación de dexametasona con tocilizumab en el tratamiento de pacientes con COVID-19 con enfermedades crónicas.. The Child-Mother Index constitutes a potential useful risk factor indicator for statistical analyses on data after birth. The value of the Child-Mother Index based on the estimated fetal weight before birth deserves evaluation.. Six ceria supports synthesized by various synthesis methodologies were used to deposit cobalt oxide. The catalysts were thoroughly characterized, and their catalytic activity for complete methane oxidation was studied. The supports synthesized by direct calcination and precipitation with ammonia exhibited the best textural and structural properties as well as the highest degree of oxidation. The remaining supports presented poorer textural properties to be employed as catalytic supports. The cobalt deposited over the first two supports presented a good dispersion at the external surface, which induced a significant redox effect that increased the number of Co. Some studies show that children with obesity are more likely to receive a diagnosis of depression, anxiety, or attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). But this does not necessarily mean obesity causes these conditions. Depression, anxiety, or ADHD could cause obesity. A child's environment, including family income or their parents' mental health, could also affect a child's weight and mental health. Understanding the nature of these relationships could help scientists develop better interventions for both obesity and mental health conditions. Genetic studies may help scientists better understand the role of the environment in these conditions, but it's important to consider both the child's and their parents’ genetics in these analyses. This is because parents and children share not only genes, but also environmental conditions. For example, families that carry genetic variants associated with higher body weight might also have lower incomes, if parents have been affected by biases against heavier people in society and the workplace. Children in these families could have worse mental health because of effects of their parent’s weight, rather than their own weight. Looking at both child and adult genetics can help disentangle these processes. Hughes et al. show that a child's own body mass index, a ratio of weight and height, is not strongly associated with the child’s mental health symptoms. They analysed genetic, weight, and health survey data from about 41,000 8-year-old children and their parents. The results suggest that a child's own BMI does not have a large effect on their anxiety symptoms. There was also no clear evidence that a child's BMI affected their symptoms of depression or ADHD. These results contradict previous studies, which did not account for parental genetics. Hughes et al. suggest that, at least for eight-year-olds, factors linked with adult weight and which differ between families may be more critical to a child's mental health than a child’s own weight. For older children and adolescents, this may not be the case, and the individual’s own weight may be more important. As a result, policies designed to reduce obesity in mid-childhood are unlikely to greatly improve the mental health of children. On the other hand, policies targeting the environmental or societal factors contributing to higher body weights, bias against people with higher weights, and poor child mental health directly may be more beneficial.. The development of an efficient photocatalyst for C2 product formation from CO. Оценка антиастенического эффекта последовательной терапии левокарнитином (ЛК) и ацетилкарнитином (АЛК) пациентов с артериальной гипертензией и/или ишемической болезнью сердца (ИБС) с астеническим синдромом (АС).. В открытое сравнительное исследование были включены 120 пациентов в возрасте 54—67 лет с артериальной гипертензией и/или ИБС с АС. Пациенты 1-й группы (. У больных 1-й группы отмечено статистически значимое уменьшение различных проявлений АС. Отличия носили достоверный характер по сравнению как с исходным уровнем, так и со 2-й группой. Установлено эндотелийпротективное действие ЛК и АЛК.. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют, что у таких коморбидных пациентов использование ЛК и АЛК уменьшает выраженность проявлений АС, а установленные эндотелиотропные свойства препаратов позволяют рекомендовать их в составе комплексной персонифицированной терапии пациентов с сердечно-сосудистыми заболеваниями.. Naproxen sodium 440 mg/diphenhydramine 50 mg combination demonstrated improvement in sleep maintenance (WASO) vs. naproxen sodium 550 mg and higher efficiency in average daily pain reduction compared with the comparison groups. The treatment was well tolerated There were no serious or unexpected adverse events reported in the study.. Сравнительный анализ эффективности и безопасности новой комбинации напроксена натрия и дифенгидрамина у пациентов с неспецифическим болевым синдромом в пояснично-крестцовом отделе спины (M54.5 «Боль внизу спины») и нарушением сна (G47.0 «Нарушения засыпания и поддержания сна [бессонница]»).. Проведено проспективное многоцентровое рандомизированное открытое сравнительное в параллельных группах клиническое исследование. Пациенты были рандомизированы в 3 группы. Больные 1-й группы получали напроксен натрия (440 мг) и дифенгидрамин (50 мг), 2-й — напроксен натрия (550 мг), 3-й — парацетамол (1000 мг) и дифенгидрамин (50 мг). Исследуемые препараты пациенты принимали однократно перед сном в течение 3 дней. Все пациенты также принимали 275 мг (1 таблетка) напроксена натрия в качестве препарата фоновой терапии. Первичным критерием эффективности было общее время бодрствования после наступления сна (WASO), измеряемое методом актиграфии. Также использовались критерии оценки продолжительности и качества сна и выраженности боли.. Анализ эффективности проведен для ITT популяции (. Применение комбинации напроксена натрия (440 мг) и дифенгидрамина (50 мг) характеризовалось более выраженным поддержанием сна по сравнению с напроксеном натрия 550 мг и более высокой эффективностью в отношении снижения интенсивности боли по сравнению со 2-й и 3-й группами. Отмечена хорошая переносимость препарата, серьезных нежелательных явлений зарегистрировано не было.

Topics: Acetaminophen; Acetylcarnitine; Acetylcholinesterase; Acids; Acinetobacter baumannii; Acinetobacter Infections; Adaptation, Psychological; Adolescent; Adsorption; Adult; Aged; Alcohol Drinking; Alzheimer Disease; Amikacin; Ammonia; Anaerobiosis; Animals; Anorexia; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antineoplastic Agents; Anxiety; Aptamers, Nucleotide; Asthenia; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Bacterial Proteins; Beryllium; beta-Lactamases; Biofuels; Biomass; Biosensing Techniques; Bismuth; Blister; Body Mass Index; Body Surface Area; Boronic Acids; Brain; Breast Neoplasms; Butyrylcholinesterase; Cannabis; Carbapenems; Carbonyl Cyanide m-Chlorophenyl Hydrazone; Carboxylic Acids; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Cardiovascular Diseases; Carnitine; Case-Control Studies; Catalysis; Cell Cycle Proteins; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Child; China; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Clarithromycin; Clostridioides; Clostridioides difficile; Clostridium Infections; Cohort Studies; Colistin; Colitis; Colon; Coloring Agents; Coronary Artery Bypass; Creatinine; Crystalloid Solutions; Cytokines; Depression; Dextran Sulfate; Dextrans; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Retinopathy; Diarrhea; Dietary Supplements; Diphenhydramine; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Outbreaks; Double-Blind Method; Doxorubicin; Drosophila; Drug Tapering; Dysbiosis; Electrons; Escherichia coli; Extracellular Vesicles; Fatigue; Female; Fermentation; gamma-Cyclodextrins; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Glucose; Graft Survival; Graft vs Host Disease; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Heart Arrest, Induced; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; High-Intensity Interval Training; Hippocampus; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hypertension; Incidence; Interferon-gamma; Italy; Kinetics; Klebsiella Infections; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Lab-On-A-Chip Devices; Lactoferrin; Larva; Length of Stay; Lignin; Liver; Liver Neoplasms; Liver Transplantation; Living Donors; Low Back Pain; Lung; Lung Volume Measurements; Macrophages; Male; Melphalan; Men; Mendelian Randomization Analysis; Meropenem; Methane; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Mitochondrial Proteins; Molecular Docking Simulation; Molecular Structure; Mothers; Motivation; Mycoplasma; Mycoplasma hominis; Mycoplasma Infections; NAD; Nanocomposites; Nanoparticles; Nanotubes, Carbon; Naproxen; Neovascularization, Pathologic; Neurons; Nitrates; Nucleolin; Opuntia; Paratyphoid Fever; Phenotype; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; Phytochemicals; Plant Extracts; Pregnancy; Prevalence; Prospective Studies; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Resveratrol; Retrospective Studies; Rifampin; Risk Factors; RNA, Messenger; Selenium; Sleep; Social Behavior; Soil; Soil Pollutants; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck; Staphylococcus aureus; Structure-Activity Relationship; Suicidal Ideation; Suicide; Superoxide Dismutase-1; Surveys and Questionnaires; Swimming; Syndrome; Tannins; Temperature; Transforming Growth Factor beta; Transplantation Conditioning; Treatment Outcome; Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms; Troponin T; Tumor Microenvironment; United Kingdom; Ureaplasma; Ureaplasma urealyticum; Urinary Tract Infections; Viscum; Waste Disposal Facilities; Wastewater; Water; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Wolfiporia; Young Adult

The ability of A cinetobacter baumannii strains to form biofilm is one of the most important virulence factor which enables bacterial survival in a harsh environment and decreases antibiotic concentration as well. Subminimal inhibitory concentrations (subMICs) of antibiotics may change bacterial ultrastructure or have an influence on some different molecular mechanisms resulting in morphological or physiological changes in bacteria itself. The aim of this study was to determine effects of 1/2, 1/4, 1/8 and 1/16 minimal inhibitory concentrationsof imipenem, ampicillin-sulbactam, azithromycin, rifampicin and colistin on biofilm formation ability of 22 biofilm non-producing and 46 biofilm producing A. baumannii strains (30 weak producing strains and 16 moderate producing strains). Results of this study indicate that 1/2-1/16 MICs of imipenem, azithromycin, and rifampicin can reduce bacterial biofilm formation ability in moderate producing strains (p < 0.05), whereas 1/16 MIC of imipenem and 1/4-1/8 MICs of rifampicin reduce the biofilm formation in weak producing strains (p < 0.05). Statisticaly significant effect was detected among biofilm non-producing strains after their exposure to 1/16 MIC of azithromycin (p = 0.039). SubMICs of ampicillin-sulbactam and colistin did not have any significant effect on biofilm formation among tested A. baumannii strains.

Topics: Acinetobacter baumannii; Ampicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Azithromycin; Biofilms; Colistin; Imipenem; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Rifampin; Sulbactam

Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infections are serious challenges for clinicians because of A. baumannii propensity to acquire resistance to a wide spectrum of antimicrobial agents. In this study, 91 A. baumannii isolates from patients in tertiary intensive care units of three university hospitals in the north, central, and south of Iran were selected and tested for susceptibility to 22 antimicrobials; amplified restriction fragment polymorphism and multiplex polymerase chain reaction methods were used to determine genetic relationships and International Clone (IC) of A. baumannii isolates, respectively. Twenty-four genotypes were identified in A. baumannii isolates. About 91.2% of isolates categorized into 4 distinct clusters; one was more heterogeneous and observed across the three locations. A considerable number of the isolates (27.5%) belonged to the novel IC variant, sequence group 7 (SG7), which was geographically widespread in three locations. The drug resistance pattern showed that 14.2%, 20%, and 77% of the A. baumannii isolates were resistant to colistin, tigecycline, and rifampicin, respectively. Nine percent of isolates (8) showed simultaneous resistance to colistin, rifampicin, and tigecycline. Interestingly, all of them were susceptible to ampicillin-sulbactam and/or tobramycin. According to our results, SG7 could be considered as a pan-Iranian clone.

Topics: Acinetobacter baumannii; Acinetobacter Infections; Ampicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Clone Cells; Colistin; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Humans; Intensive Care Units; Iran; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Minocycline; Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; Prevalence; Rifampin; Sulbactam; Tertiary Healthcare; Tigecycline; Tobramycin

We report a case of postsurgical meningitis caused by multiresistant Acinetobacter baumannii successfully treated with high doses of ampicillin/sulbactam combined with rifampicin and fosfomycin.

Topics: Accidents, Traffic; Acinetobacter baumannii; Acinetobacter Infections; Adult; Ampicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Fosfomycin; Humans; Male; Meningitis, Bacterial; Postoperative Complications; Rifampin; Sulbactam

Staphylococcus lugdunensis is an infrequent cause of infective endocarditis (IE) and usually involves native valves of the heart. It causes life-threatening events such as rupture of cardiac valve or cerebral or pulmonary embolism due to necrosis on the endocardial tissue involved by the bacteria. Antibiotic therapy without cardiac surgery or delayed cardiac surgery usually follows a fatal course in S. lugdunensis endocarditis. In this report the first case of S. lugdunensis endocarditis from Turkey was presented. A 37-year-old man was admitted to the emergency department with a 2-weeks history of fever chills and accompanying intermittent pain on the left side of the thorax. Other than recurrent folliculitis continuing for 20 years, his history was unremarkable. Echocardiography revealed vegetation on the mitral valve of the patient and vancomycin plus gentamicin were initiated with the diagnosis of IE. All blood cultures (5 sets) taken on admission and within the initial 48 hours of the antibiotic therapy yielded S. lugdunensis. According to the susceptibility test results, the antibiotic therapy was switched to ampicillin-sulbactam plus rifampin. Blood cultures became negative after the third day of therapy, however, cardiac failure was emerged due to rupture of mitral valve and chorda tendiniea on the 12th day of the therapy. Cardiac surgery revealed that mitral valve and surrounding tissue of the valve were evidently necrotic and fragile, anterior leaflet of the mitral valve was covered with vegetation, posterior leaflet and chorda tendiniea were ruptured. Vegetation was removed and the destructed mitral valve was replaced with a mechanical valve. Vegetation culture remained sterile, however, antibiotics were switched to vancomycin plus rifampin due to persistent fever on the 21st day of the therapy (9th day of operation). Fever resolved four days after the antibiotic switch. Antibiotics were stopped on the 9th weeks of admission and the patient was discharged. He had no problem in follow-up controls for one year. In conclusion, proper antibiotic therapy combined with early cardiac surgery seems to be the optimal therapeutic approach in IE caused by S. lugdunensis.

Topics: Adult; Ampicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteremia; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; Drug Therapy, Combination; Endocarditis, Bacterial; Gentamicins; Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation; Humans; Male; Mitral Valve; Necrosis; Rifampin; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus; Sulbactam; Ultrasonography; Vancomycin

We investigated an outbreak of Acinetobacter baumannii in the intensive care unit (ICU) of a hospital in Rome, Italy. The outbreak involved 14 patients whose isolates were most frequently recovered from bronchoalveolar lavage. All isolates were multidrug-resistant and showed diminished susceptibility or resistance to carbapenems. A. baumannii strains with a similar antibiotic susceptibility pattern were isolated from the environment. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis identified a single clone from both the patients' and environmental isolates. Because of the lack of a single source of infection, the eradication of the epidemic required a broad approach, including contact isolation and cohorting, aggressive environmental disinfection, and close monitoring of the ward staff's performance. Infected patients were successfully treated with combined therapy. Although considered of low virulence, A. baumannii can be particularly aggressive and difficult to treat in ICU patients.

Topics: Acinetobacter baumannii; Acinetobacter Infections; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Ampicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Carbapenems; Colistin; Cross Infection; Disease Outbreaks; Disinfection; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; Female; Humans; Intensive Care Units; Male; Middle Aged; Patient Isolation; Rifampin; Rome; Sulbactam

To investigate most common pathogens isolated from the hospital-acquired pneumonia patients bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in Kaunas University of Medicine Hospital according to the previous antibiotic use and to estimate pathogens antibacterial susceptibility.. Results of 87 hospital-acquired pneumonia patients bronchoalveolar lavage fluid quantitative cultures were analyzed. Microorganisms isolated in clinically significant amount were considered as the etiological agents and included into analysis. Susceptibility was tested using the standard methods. Previously untreated patients were considered if the antibacterials were not administered at all or were used less than for 24 hours.. H. influenzae isolation in significant amount rates were higher in previously untreated patients group comparing to previously treated (29.2%. (n=14) and 5.1% (n=2), respectively, p<0.05). Non-fermenters (P. aeruginosa and Acinetobacter spp.) isolation rates were higher in those previously treated comparing to untreated patients - (31.0% (n=13) and 4.2% (n=2), respectively, p<0.05). All H. influenzae strains were susceptible to ampicillin and cefuroxime. 22.2-44.4% of P. aeruginosa strains were resistant to ceftazidime, amikacin and ciprofloxacin. Estimated Acinetobacter spp. resistance to ciprofloxacin and gentamycin was 83.3% and to ampicillin/sulbactam - 16.7%. All methicillin-susceptible S.aureus were also susceptible to gentamycin and fucidin and methicillin resistant to rifampicin and vancomycin.. Previous antibiotic treatment has an impact on pneumonia etiology testing. H. influenzae strains are more common isolated hospital-acquired pneumonia etiologic agents in previously untreated patients. The low antibacterial resistance was found enabling the use of aminopenicillins for treatment if H. influenzae infection suggested. The use of antibacterials increases non-fermenters isolation rates and combined antipseudomonal treatment is reasonable in these patients.

Topics: Acinetobacter; Acinetobacter Infections; Amikacin; Ampicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Bacteria; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Ceftazidime; Cefuroxime; Ciprofloxacin; Cross Infection; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Fusidic Acid; Gentamicins; Haemophilus Infections; Haemophilus influenzae; Humans; Male; Methicillin; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Penicillins; Pneumonia, Bacterial; Pneumonia, Staphylococcal; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Pseudomonas Infections; Rifampin; Staphylococcus aureus; Sulbactam; Vancomycin Resistance

This in vitro study evaluated the activities of vancomycin, LY333328, and teicoplanin alone and in combination with gentamicin, rifampin, and RP59500 against Staphylococcus aureus isolates with intermediate susceptibilities to vancomycin. Ampicillin-sulbactam and trovafloxacin were also evaluated. LY333328 and ampicillin-sulbactam resulted in bactericidal activity against all isolates. The combination of gentamicin with glycopeptides showed synergistic activity, while rifampin had no added benefit.

Topics: Ampicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibiotics, Antitubercular; Drug Therapy, Combination; Fluoroquinolones; Gentamicins; Glycopeptides; Lipoglycopeptides; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Naphthyridines; Rifampin; Staphylococcus aureus; Sulbactam; Teicoplanin; Time Factors; Vancomycin; Virginiamycin

Topics: Acinetobacter; Acinetobacter Infections; Ampicillin; Drug Resistance, Multiple; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Polymyxin B; Rifampin; Sulbactam

The activities of trovafloxacin and ciprofloxacin against 38 strains of non-beta-lactamase-producing enterococci, resistant to ampicillin, 34 strains susceptible to ampicillin, and 3 vancomycin-resistant enterococci were studied. Trovafloxacin was more active than ciprofloxacin against all the enterococci studied. The ampicillin-resistant strains were more susceptible than the ampicillin-susceptible strains to both agents. The effect of combining trovafloxacin with gentamicin, ampicillin-sulbactam, novobiocin, rifampin, teicoplanin, and vancomycin was determined for 17 strains by the checkerboard method. An additive effect by inhibition was seen with all antibiotics studied. The results by killing varied with the different agents studied. Gentamicin, ampicillin-sulbactam, and novobiocin produced an additive killing effect with trovafloxacin. Reduced killing was seen when rifampin, vancomycin, or teicoplanin were added to trovafloxacin.

Topics: Ampicillin; Ampicillin Resistance; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Antibiotics, Antitubercular; Ciprofloxacin; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Drug Synergism; Drug Therapy, Combination; Enterococcus; Enterococcus faecalis; Fluoroquinolones; Gentamicins; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Naphthyridines; Novobiocin; Rifampin; Sulbactam; Teicoplanin; Vancomycin

To increase awareness of adverse events associated with the use of implantable insulin pumps.. A descriptive case report of a pump implant infection.. This is a case report of one implanted insulin pump-pocket infection among a series of 15 patients. After exposure to a child with a respiratory infection on PID 30, V.L.C. (the patient) developed a fulminant pump-pocket infection. H. influenza was recovered from it. Despite aggressive antibiotic therapy, the infection could not be controlled. Insulin delivery ceased, and the pump was explanted. The pump-pocket infection rapidly resolved with pump removal, permitting later reimplantation.. We have adopted the American Heart Association indications and antimicrobial prophylaxis regimens recommended for prevention of endocarditis in patients with prosthetic values for patients with implanted insulin pumps.

Topics: Adult; Ampicillin; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Haemophilus Infections; Haemophilus influenzae; Humans; Insulin Infusion Systems; Rifampin; Sulbactam