reamberin and emoxypine-succinate

Prospective, placebo-control, randomized blind study was carried out on the clinical effectiveness of the local administration of 1% emoxipine solution, 1,5% reamberin solution and 5% mexidol solution in patients with chronic periodontitis (CP). It was determined that all medications under study cause the decrease of simplified oral hygienic index by Green and Vermillion (OHI-S, Green J.C., Vermillion J.R., 1969), papillary-marginal-alveolar index (РМА, Parma C., 1960), papillary bleeding index (PBI, Saxer U.P., Muhlemann M.R., 1975) and increase the sialometry index in the case of CP. The best clinical effect was achieved by the local administration of reamberin, which turned out to be the only medication among those under study to lower the content of lipid peroxidation products in the mixed saliva, to decrease the periodontal index (PI, Russel A., 1956) and to result in the concomitant increase of life satisfaction index in patients with chronic periodontitis.

Topics: Adult; Antioxidants; Chronic Periodontitis; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Humans; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Meglumine; Oral Hygiene Index; Picolines; Succinates; Tocopherols; Treatment Outcome

The effect of domestic 3-oxypyridine and succinic acid derivatives (emoxipin, reamberin and mexidol) included in the complex treatment of recrudescence of inflammatory diseases of the uterus and its appendages, as manifested in endometrial leucocyte infiltration (ELI) compared to lipid peroxidation products concentration in blood serum, was assessed in a short-term, prospective placebo-controlled single-blind randomized trial. It has been found that two-week infusions of emoxipin (single dose, 150 mg), reamberin (single dose, 400 ml), and mexidol (single dose, 300 mg) favor a decrease in ELI and influence ambiguously on lipid peroxidation - antioxidant (LPA) system condition in blood serum of patients. It has been found that 3-oxypyridine derivative (emoxipin) decreases the intensity of ELI, but does not affect LPA system condition. Succinic acid derivative (reamberin) is inferior to emoxipin in the degree of decreasing ELI, but reduces the concentration of the antioxidant protein ceruloplasmin. Mexidol, being 3-oxipyridine and succinic acid derivative simultaneously, exceeds reamberin in decreasing ELI, increases concentration of blood antioxidant components (alpha-tocopherol and ceruloplasmin), and decreases the level of primary isopropanol-soluble products of lipid peroxidation.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; alpha-Tocopherol; Antioxidants; Ceruloplasmin; Endometrium; Female; Humans; Inflammation; Lipid Peroxidation; Meglumine; Middle Aged; Picolines; Prospective Studies; Pyridines; Single-Blind Method; Succinates; Ureteral Diseases

Two-week-long, prospective, placebo-controlled, single-blind randomized study of the effects of intravenous emoxipin (150 mg daily), reamberin (400 ml daily) and mexidol (300 mg daily) infusion on the dynamics of clinical symptoms of non-complicated recrudescence of inflammatory diseases of the uterus and its appendages (IDUA) in comparison to the standard therapy was performed. It was established that emoxipin, reamberin and mexidol administration appreciably improved the clinical state dynamics of women with recrudescence of IDUA. The effect was associated with more pronounced decrease in severity of genital and abdominal symptoms versus standard therapy results.

Topics: Adult; Antioxidants; Female; Humans; Inflammation; Meglumine; Middle Aged; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease; Picolines; Prospective Studies; Succinates; Uterine Diseases

Prospective, placebo-controlled, single-blind, randomized clinical investigation of the influence of domestic 3-hydroxypyridine and succinic acid derivatives (emoxipin, reamberin, mexidol) on the effectiveness of a complex treatment of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) has been performed in a group of patients. It is established that intravenous infusion of 3-hydroxypyridine derivatives (emoxipin and mexidol) for two weeks, beginning 14 days after the start of POAG treatment, produced a retinoprotective action, with three months postponed changes in the central retinal artery (CRA) blood velocity. The retinoprotective effect of emoxipin (single dose, 150 mg) was manifested by reduction in the horizontal size of blind spot in two weeks, with the subsequent reduction of the CRA end-diastolic blood velocity observed three months after finish of the infusion therapy. The administration of mexidol (single dose, 300 mg) after 14 days of treatment led to widening of the summarized field of vision (test-object square, 16 mm), accompanied by a decrease in the electrosensitivity threshold of the optic nerve and the intensity of POAG-associated hypothymia. All indices of CRA blood velocity increased three months after termination of mexidol infusions. Reamberin (single dose, 400 ml 1,5% solution of reamberine, containing polyelectrolyte and meglumine succinate mixture) did not show retinoprotective action, but caused proatherogenic changes of blood lipids and 3 months postponed CRA end-diastolic blood velocity increase. The effect of mexidol (which is a derivative of both 3- hydroxypyridine and succinic acid) exceeds that of separate 3-hydroxypyridine (emoxipin) and succinic acid (reamberin) derivatives in the degree of retinoprotection and positive effect on the optic nerve condition and mood of POAG patients.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Antioxidants; Blood Flow Velocity; Female; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Humans; Lipids; Male; Meglumine; Middle Aged; Optic Disk; Optic Nerve; Picolines; Prospective Studies; Succinates; Time Factors

Short-term, prospective placebo-controlled simple blind randomized study of the effects of 3-oxypyridine and succinic acid derivatives (emoxipin, reamberin, mexidol) on the affective status of females with recrudescence of the inflammatory diseases of uterus and its appendages (IDUA) in comparison to changes of systemic inflammatory response (SIR) markers level in the blood has been conducted. It is established that the inclusion of emoxipin, reamberin and mexidol in complex treatment of IDUA recrudescence reduce depression, anxiety and SIR laboratory signs. Mexidol being both 3-oxypyridine and succinic acid derivative showed the best influence on the dynamics of affective disorders and SIR changes.

Topics: Adnexa Uteri; Adolescent; Adult; Antioxidants; Brain; Depressive Disorder; Female; Genital Diseases, Female; Humans; Inflammation; Interleukin-1beta; Meglumine; Middle Aged; Phagocytosis; Picolines; Prospective Studies; Pyridines; Recurrence; Succinates; Succinic Acid; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Uterus

We have studied the effect of domestic derivatives of 3-hydroxypyridine and succinic acid (emoxipine, reamberin, and mexidol) on proliferation of E. coli, S. aureus and E. faecalis in discontinuous cultures (DCs) over a period of 1 or 24 h. It is established that the drugs studied exhibit a biphase effect on the number of bacterial colony-forming units (CFUs) in DCs of E. coli and E.faecalis. This effect is manifested by the initial 1.3 - 3.5-fold decrease in the number of CFUs (after 1-h incubation with drugs) with subsequent return to the control level or 1.8 - 8.8-fold increase over the control level (after 24-h incubation with drugs). In DCs of S. aureus that were incubated with the drugs, we observed 1.1 - 1.95-fold increase in CFU number after I-h incubation and 1.8 - 2.4-fold increase after 24-h incubation. On the whole, the results of our studies demonstrated a positive effect of 3-hydroxypyridine and succinic acid derivatives on bacterial growth in DC. These drugs stimulated increase in CFU number in DCs of test bacterial strains even at concentrations as low as 10⁻⁹ -10⁻⁶. The well-known efficiency of 3-hydroxypyridine and succinic acid derivatives in treatment of infectious pathology appears independent of their direct effect on bacterial growth.

Topics: Antioxidants; Colony Count, Microbial; Enterococcus faecalis; Escherichia coli; Hormesis; Meglumine; Picolines; Staphylococcus aureus; Succinates

Threefold administration of 3-hydroxypyridine derivatives emoxipine and mexidol in optimal doses corresponding to the therapeutic dose range for humans produced an anxiolytic effect and stimulated risk behavior in the elevated plus maze test in rats. These effects were most pronounced after injection of 3-hydroxypyridine derivative emoxipine. Combination of 3-hydroxypyridine cation and succinate anion in the mexidol structure led to attenuation of the anxiolytic effect and less pronounced stimulation of the risk behavior. By the anxiolytic effect and induction of risk behavior, emoxipine and mexidol were close to the reference substance amitriptyline. Reamberin, a succinic acid derivative, had no pronounced tranquilizing properties, but risk behavior induction was similar to that produced by mexidol. In contrast to other test agents, the reference substance α-lipoic acid produced anxiogenic effects and suppressed risk behavior. The obtained results suggest that Russian-made 3-hydroxypyridine derivatives emoxipine and mexidol are promising preparations for the treatment of anxiety disorders.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Female; Male; Meglumine; Picolines; Pyridines; Rats; Risk-Taking; Succinates; Succinic Acid

The effects of 3-oxypyridine and succinic acid derivatives (emoxipine, reamberin and mexidol) on affective disorders in rats with alloxan diabetes were studied. The efficiency of emoxipine, reamberin and mexidol was compared to alpha-lipoic acid, which is considered a "golden standard" in treatment of diabetic neuropathies. Emoxipine, reamberin and mexidol after seven administrations in single doses, that are equivalent to therapeutic range in humans, corrected the anxiety-depressive disorders in rats with alloxan diabetes. Unlike reamberin and alpha-lipoic acid, emoxipine and mexidol corrected the affective status concurrently with the decrease in hyperglycemia. At the same time, emoxipine outperformed mexidol in tranquilizing action (in maximal doses) but yielded mexidol in the antidepressant effect (in minimal doses).

Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Depression; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Humans; Hyperglycemia; Meglumine; Picolines; Pyridines; Rats; Succinates; Succinic Acid; Thioctic Acid

To evaluate antidepressant activity of domestic derivatives of 3-oxypyridine and succinic acid (emoxipine, reamberin and mexidol) in rats.. The influence of emoxipine, reamberin and mexidol on duration of desperate behavior of rats in Porsolt forced swim test was studied. Additionally the effect of these substances on the animal's behavior in the open field was evaluated. Amitriptyline and alpha-lipoic acid were used as reference substances.. It was established that three administrations of any of the substances in doses corresponding to the therapeutic range in humans reduced the duration of desperate behavior in Porsolt test. Such effect of emoxipine, reamberin, mexidol and alpha-lipoic acid is indicative of their antidepressant activity. Intensity of this activity depends on the effect of these substances on the behavior in the open field.. Reamberin and alpha-lipoic acid that in maximal doses either had no effect on the orientation behavior in the open field (reamberin) or suppressed it (alpha-lipoic acid) matched amitriptyline in the extent of antidepressant activity. The derivatives of 3-oxypyridine (emoxipine and mexidol) with stimulatory effect on the behavior in the open field demonstrated significantly lower ability to reduce desperate behavior than that of amitriptyline.. Цель исследования - изучение антидепрессивной активности оригинальных отечественных производных 3-оксипиридина и янтарной кислоты (эмоксипин, реамберин и мексидол) в эксперименте на крысах. Материал и методы. Изучено влияние эмоксипина, реамберина и мексидола на длительность 'поведения отчаяния' у крыс в тесте принудительного плавания по Porsolt. Дополнительно проводилась оценка влияния изучаемых лекарственных средств (ЛС) на поведение животных в 'открытом поле'. В качестве ЛС сравнения использовали амитриптилин и α-липоевую кислоту (α-ЛК). Результаты и заключение. Установлено, что трехкратное введение всех изученных ЛС в оптимальных дозах, соответствующих терапевтическому диапазону для человека, сокращает длительность 'поведения отчаяния' в тесте Porsolt. Данный эффект эмоксипина, реамберина, мексидола и α-ЛК свидетельствует об их антидепрессивной активности, выраженность которой зависит от действия изученных ЛС на поведение в 'открытом поле'. Реамберин и α-ЛК, максимальные дозы которых либо не влияли на ориентировочную активность в 'открытом поле' (в случае реамберина), либо подавляли ее (в случае α-ЛК), не уступали амитриптилину по выраженности антидепрессивного эффекта. Производные 3-оксипиридина (эмоксипин и мексидол), обладавшие стимулирующим действием на активность в 'открытом поле', существенно уступали амитриптилину по способности сокращать 'поведение отчаяния'.

Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Depressive Disorder; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Male; Meglumine; Picolines; Psychotropic Drugs; Pyridines; Rats; Succinates; Succinic Acid

The effect of domestic derivatives of 3-oxypyridine and succinic acid (emoxipine, reamberin, and mexidol) on obsessive-compulsive behavior of mice was studied in the marble-burying test. Additionally the effect of these drugs on the behavior of animals was assessed in the open field test. Amitriptylin and alpha-lipoic acid were used as reference drugs. It was established that single administration of the investigated drugs in optimal doses, corresponding to therapeutic range in humans, inhibits obsessive-compulsive behavior of mice in the marble-burying test. Amitriptylin and alpha-lipoic acid produced similar effects. It is established that emoxipine stimulates the behavior of mice in the open field after single administration. An increase in the emoxipine dose led to decrease of stimulation and gradual development of sedative effect. Reamberin and mexidol, as well as alpha-lipoic acid and amitriptyline, caused sedation in mice tested in the open field. Inhibiting effect of emoxipine, reamberin, mexidol and alpha-lipoic acid on the obsessive-compulsive behavior in mice directly depended on sedative action of these drugs.

Topics: Amitriptyline; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Meglumine; Mice; Motor Activity; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder; Picolines; Psychotropic Drugs; Succinates; Thioctic Acid

The effect of original domestic derivatives of 3-oxypiridine and succinic acid (emoxipine, reamberin and mexidol) on the resistance to acute brain ischemia was studied in an experimental mouse models.. We used 260 adult outbred mice. The drugs were introduced intraperitoneally 30 min before the modeling of acute brain ischemia. Each drug was used in 3 three doses: 1/2 of the calculated equivalent of mean treatment dose (EMTD), EMTD and double EMTD. A strangulation model with the assessment of mouse mortality latency and decapitation model with the assessment of agonal respiration (gasping) were used. The efficacy of the drugs was determined by comparison against alpha-lipoic acid that was used as a reference substance in previous studies of antihypoxic activity of emoxipine, reamberin and mexidol.. It was established that the derivatives of 3-oxipiridine and succinic acid protected against subtotal ischemia of rostral brain segments (of cerebral hemispheres) as evidenced by the increase in longevity. Emoxipine demonstrated the maximal effect thereby surpassing reamberin and mexidol in the intensity of antiischemic activity. Antiischemic effect of alpha-lipoic acid was comparable to emoxipine. In the model of total brain ischemia, the derivatives of 3-oxipiridine and succinic acid caused the opposite (proischemic) action on the bulbar respiratory center as evidenced by the reduction in duration of gasping. Alpha-lipoic acid did not affect the duration of gasping.. Цель исследования. Сравнительный анализ влияния оригинальных отечественных производных 3-оксипиридина и янтарной кислоты (эмоксипин, реамберин и мексидол) на устойчивость к острой ишемии головного мозга в эксперименте на мышах. Материал и методы. Исследование было проведено на 260 половозрелых беспородных мышах обоего пола. Изученные лекарственные средства вводили однократно внутрибрюшинно за 30 мин до моделирования острой церебральной ишемии. Каждое лекарственное средство применяли в трех дозах: 1/2 от расчетного эквивалента средней терапевтической дозы (ЭСТД), ЭСТД и удвоенный ЭСТД. Для моделирования острой ишемии головного мозга на мышах использовали странгуляционную модель с оценкой латентности гибели мышей и декапитационную модель с оценкой длительности агонального дыхания (гаспинга). Эффективность изученных препаратов была сопоставлена с результатами применения α-липоевой кислоты (α-ЛК), которая ранее использовалась в качестве препарата сравнения при изучении антигипоксической активности эмоксипина, реамберина и мексидола. Результаты и заключение. Было установлено, что производные 3-оксипиридина и янтарной кислоты оказывают протекторное действие при субтотальной ишемии ростральных отделов головного мозга (большие полушария) по критерию увеличения продолжительности жизни. Наибольшую эффективность продемонстрировал эмоксипин, превосходивший реамберин и мексидол по выраженности антиишемического действия. α-ЛК вызывала антиишемический эффект, сопоставимый с действием эмоксипина. При моделировании тотальной ишемии головного мозга производные 3-оксипиридина и янтарной кислоты оказывали противоположное (проишемическое) действие на бульбарный дыхательный центр по критерию уменьшения длительности гаспинга. α-ЛК не влияла на продолжительность гаспинга.

Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Male; Meglumine; Mice; Picolines; Pyridines; Succinates; Thioctic Acid

The effects of original Russian preparations, derivatives of 3-hydroxypyridine and succinic acid (emoxipin, reamberin, mexidol), on the cellular composition of the cerebrocortical and diencephalic structures were studied and correlations of shifts in the cellular composition with changes in the severity of hyperglycemia in rats with alloxan diabetes were analyzed. The efficiency of 3-hydroxypyridine and succinic acid derivatives was evaluated in comparison with α-lipoic acid. Seven injections of the optimal doses of all the studied drugs prevented the neuron loss in layers I-III of the primary somatosensory cortex. In addition, emoxipin, reamberin, and α-lipoic acid prevented astrocyte loss in the neocortical surface layers and of neurons in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. Reamberin limited microglial infiltration of the hippocampal field CA1. Injection of α-lipoic acid augmented the increase in astrocyte count in the paraventricular nucleus and potentiated the reduction of tigroid granularity of CA1 field neurons. Emoxipin and mexidol caused an increase in the counts of neurons and oligodendrocytes in CA1 field. By contrast, reamberin and α-lipoic acid reduced the counts of neurons and oligodendrocytes, respectively, in this hippocampal zone. More favorable effects of emoxipin and mexidol vs. reamberin and α-lipoic acid on the cellular composition of the hippocampus of rats with alloxan diabetes were explained by more effective correction of hyperglycemia under the effect of 3-hydroxypyridine derivatives.

Topics: Alloxan; Animals; Astrocytes; Cerebral Cortex; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Diencephalon; Female; Hippocampus; Hyperglycemia; Male; Meglumine; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Oligodendroglia; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Picolines; Rats; Succinates; Thioctic Acid

Effect of Russian 3-oxypiridine and succinic acid derivatives (emoxipin, reamberin and mexidol) on duration of behavioral despair in mice in forced swimming test (by Porsolot) and tail suspension test (by Steru) was investigated. In addition impact assessment of studied medicinal products (MP) on animals' behavior in open field test was performed. Amitriptyline and alpha-lipoic acid were used as reference drugs. It was determined that single delivery of all studied drugs in optimal doses eqvivalent to therapeutic range for human reduces lasting of behavioral despair in Porsolot and Steru tests. This effect of reamberin, mexidol and alpha-lipoic acid indicates their antidepressant action unrelated to stimulatory activity, as far as these MPs like amitriptyline show sedative action in open field test. Reduction of behavioral despair due to effect of emoxipin in relative low doses was associated with increase of mice activity in open field test and so it can't be considered to be antidepressant action per se. Increase of emoxipin dose leads to progressive decrease of its stimulatory effect impact in behavioral despair reduction and induce antidepressant effect in the setting of sedation.

Topics: Amitriptyline; Animals; Animals, Outbred Strains; Antidepressive Agents; Behavior, Animal; Female; Immobilization; Male; Meglumine; Mice; Panic; Picolines; Succinates; Swimming; Thioctic Acid

Variations of the indices of endogenous intoxication, lipid peroxidation, oxidative modification of proteins, and antioxidant system operation have been studied in animals with acute experimental cholecystitis. The possibility and effectiveness of using succinate-containing drugs reamberin and mexidol for the correction of these impairments has been assessed. In the present study, reamberin effectively reduced the intensity of lipid peroxidation and protein modification in experimental animals.

Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Blood Proteins; Catalase; Cholecystitis, Acute; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Guinea Pigs; Injections, Intramuscular; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Malondialdehyde; Meglumine; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Stress; Picolines; Succinates; Superoxide Dismutase

We studied the correlation between the effect of α-lipoic acid, emoxipin, reamberin, and mexidol on LPO in vitro and the action of these drugs on insulin sensitivity and tolerance to glucose load in vivo. It was found that the preparations producing prooxidant effect in vitro (α-lipoic acid and reamberin) are characterized by pronounced insulin-potentiating activity, but only slightly increase (α-lipoic acid) or even decrease (reamberin) tolerance to glucose load. 3-Hydroxypyridine derivatives (emoxipin and mexidol) producing an antioxidant effect in vitro increase glucose tolerance, but exhibit relatively weak insulin-potentiating activity. These results suggest that differential use of the studied drugs in patients with diabetes mellitus depending on the type of the disease and individual insulin requirement is a promising trend in medical studies.

Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Blood Glucose; Brain; In Vitro Techniques; Insulin Resistance; Lipid Peroxidation; Meglumine; Picolines; Rats; Reactive Oxygen Species; Statistics, Nonparametric; Succinates; Thioctic Acid

The effects of original domestic derivatives of 3-oxypyridine and succinic acid (emoxipine, reamberin, and mexidol) on cellular composition of cortical and diencephalic structures in rat brain were studied in parallel with monitoring of behavioral, conditional learning, and metabolic disorders in acute phase of alloxan-induced diabetes in rats. The efficiency of 3-oxypyridine derivatives was compared to the results of alpha-lipoic acid administration. Single administration of emoxipine, reamberin, and mexidol in optimal doses prevented lipofuscin deposition in CA1 field neurocytes in hippocampus and/or increased the amount of terminally differentiated cells ofneuroectodermal lineage (oligodendrocytes, pyramid and basket cells) in this zone ofpaleocortex. Concurrently conditional learning capacity in morbid animals was restored. The cerebroprotective and nootropic effects of emoxipine and reamberin were associated with increased exploration motivation in the open field and were independent of their effects on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism dysfunction. On the contrary, the neuroprotective and nootropic effects of mexidol were associated with additional inhibition of morbid rat activity in the open field and a decrease in the level of circulating products of lipid peroxidation. It is established that 3-oxypyridine and succinic acid derivatives significantly exceed alpha-lipoic acid in terms of neuroprotective effects but exhibit significantly lower hypolipdemic activity in acute phase of alloxan diabetes.

Topics: Alloxan; Animals; Antioxidants; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Hippocampus; Learning; Lipid Metabolism; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Meglumine; Motor Activity; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Nootropic Agents; Picolines; Pyridines; Rats; Succinates; Succinic Acid; Thioctic Acid

Relationship between the antihypoxic effect of 3-hydroxypyridine and succinic acid derivatives (emoxipine, reamberin and mexidol) and their effect on conditional learning, glycemia, and lipidemia was studied in rats with alloxan-induced diabetes. In parallel, the analogous relationship was investigated for alpha-lipoic acid that is regarded as a "gold standard" in treatment of diabetic neuropathy. It was established that single administration of emoxipine and mexidol in mice in doses equivalent to therapeutic-range doses in humans produces antihypoxic effect manifested by increased resistance to acute hypoxic hypoxia in test animals. Alpha-lipoic acid is inferior to emoxipin and mexidol in the degree of antihypoxic action. Reamberin does not exhibit this effect. The introduction of emoxipin, reamberin, mexidol, and alpha-lipoic acid in rats with alloxan diabetes during 7 or 14 days in doses equivalent to therapeutic-range doses in humans corrects conditional learning disorders in direct relationship with the antihypoxic activity of these drugs. The development of the nootropic effect of emoxipin, mexidol, and alpha-lipoic acid is related to a decrease in hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in rats with alloxan diabetes. The nootropic action of reamberin is accompanied by a transient hypoglycemizing effect and aggravation of dyslipidemic disorders. The antihypoxic activity of investigated drugs determines the direction and expression of their lipidemic effect, but is not correlated with the hypoglycemizing action these drugs on test animals with alloxan diabetes.

Topics: Alloxan; Animals; Conditioning, Classical; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Diabetic Neuropathies; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Hyperglycemia; Hyperlipidemias; Hypoxia; Male; Meglumine; Mice; Nootropic Agents; Picolines; Pyridines; Rats; Succinates; Thioctic Acid

A study of 3-hydroxypiridine and succinic acid derivates (emoxipin, reamberin and mexidol) effects on the 14 week dynamics of vertebral/neurologic symptoms was performed in 136 patients after the surgical treatment of disk herniations. Data obtained demonstrated the reduction of severity of neurodystrophic and radicular syndromes without significant changes in dorsalgia, psychological maladaptation (PM) and disability scores (DS) during 3.5 months in patients treated with emoxipin (150 mg i.v., daily) for two weeks after the microdiscectomy. The two-week administration of reamberin (400 mg i.v., daily) led to the early attenuation of neuropathic pain. The reduction of sings of radicular compression and DS measured with the Roland-Morris questionnaire were delayed for 3 months. Mexidol (300 mg i.v., once a day during two weeks) demonstrated the highest efficacy. This drug attenuated radicular and neurodystrophic syndromes, nociceptive and neuropathic pain, reduced PM and DS measured with both the Roland-Morris and the Oswestry questionnaires during 14 weeks after the surgery.

Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Intervertebral Disc Displacement; Male; Meglumine; Middle Aged; Neuralgia; Picolines; Postoperative Period; Pyridines; Spine; Succinates