quinoxalines has been researched along with kainic acid in 336 studies
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 19 (5.65) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 236 (70.24) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 60 (17.86) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 20 (5.95) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 1 (0.30) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Cox, JA; Seeburg, PH; Stein, E; Verdoorn, TA | 1 |
| Supko, DE; Uretsky, NJ; Wallace, LJ | 2 |
| Lodge, D; Palmer, AJ; Zeman, S | 1 |
| Lees, GJ; Leong, W | 4 |
| Lasoń, W; Przewłocka, B; Przewłocki, R | 1 |
| Levi, G; Patrizio, M | 1 |
| Arellano, RO; Conde-Guerri, B; Matute, C; Miledi, R | 1 |
| Asprodini, EK; Rainnie, DG; Shinnick-Gallagher, P | 1 |
| Helm, SW; Henzi, V; MacDermott, AB; Reichling, DB | 1 |
| Dutton, GR; Simmons, ML | 1 |
| Fujimori, K; Inoue, K; Nakazawa, K; Takanaka, A; Watano, T | 1 |
| Di Loreto, S; Florio, T; Scarnati, E | 1 |
| Raman, IM; Trussell, LO | 1 |
| Hansson, E; Nilsson, M; Rönnbäck, L | 1 |
| Weiland, NG | 1 |
| Flavin, MP; Riopelle, RJ; Yang, Y | 1 |
| Feldman, JL; Greer, JJ; Smith, JC | 1 |
| Dingledine, R; McBain, C | 1 |
| Kurusu, R; Sakurai, H; Sano, K; Tsuchiya, T; Tsuda, M | 1 |
| Ames, A; Li, YY | 1 |
| Lanius, RA; Shaw, C | 2 |
| Betz, H; Laube, B; Schloss, P; Schmitt, B; Schuster, CM; Ultsch, A | 1 |
| Besser, GM; Costa, A; Forsling, ML; Grossman, A; Hucks, D; Yasin, SA | 1 |
| Baraban, JM; Blatter, LA; Murphy, TH; Wier, WG | 1 |
| Pittaluga, A; Raiteri, M | 1 |
| Bobichon, C; Cordi, A; Curutchet, P; de Carvalho, LP; Guet, T; Lambolez, B; Lepagnol, JM; Moreau, C; Randle, JC | 1 |
| Bochet, P; Curutchet, P; Lambolez, B; Prado de Carvalho, L; Rossier, J; Stinnakre, J | 1 |
| Miller, DD; Uretsky, NJ; Wallace, LJ; Willins, DL | 1 |
| Johnston, GA; Maddison, JE; Watson, WE | 1 |
| Fink, K; Göthert, M; Schultheiss, R | 1 |
| Dutton, GR; Rogers, KL | 1 |
| Bertrand, G; Bockaert, J; Gross, R; Loubatières-Mariani, MM; Puech, R | 2 |
| Lodge, D; Zeman, S | 1 |
| Jones, MG; Lodge, D; Palmer, AJ | 1 |
| Gallo, V; Levi, G; Patrizio, M | 2 |
| DiMicco, JA; Soltis, RP | 1 |
| Aizenman, E; Lipton, SA; Sucher, NJ | 1 |
| Armstrong, CM; Konnerth, A; Llano, I; Marty, A | 1 |
| Chiu, SY; Jensen, AM | 1 |
| Choi, DW; Koh, JY | 1 |
| Gannon, RL; Terrian, DM | 1 |
| Turner, DA; Wheal, HV | 1 |
| Lai, YY; Siegel, JM | 1 |
| Bockaert, J; Do, E; Manzoni, OJ; Poulat, F; Sahuquet, A; Sassetti, I; Sladeczek, FA | 1 |
| Garcia-Munoz, M; Groves, PM; Young, SJ | 1 |
| Conner-Kerr, TA; Gannon, RL; Privette, TH; Terrian, DM | 1 |
| Simpson, LH; Wheal, HV; Williamson, R | 1 |
| Eaton, SA; Roberts, WA; Salt, TE | 1 |
| Abe, M; Iino, M; Ozawa, S | 1 |
| Bagust, J; Gardner, CR; Hussain, S; Walker, RJ | 1 |
| Esguerra, M; Kwon, YH; Sur, M | 1 |
| Olney, JW; Pathikonda, M; Snider, WD; Stewart, GR | 1 |
| Coderre, TJ; Melzack, R | 1 |
| Coenen, AM; Peeters, BW; Ramakers, GM; Vossen, JM | 1 |
| Aroniadou, VA; Teyler, TJ | 1 |
| Ishida, M; Shinozaki, H | 1 |
| McMillian, M; Miller, LG; Schatzki, A | 1 |
| Eshhar, N; Ortega, A; Teichberg, VI | 1 |
| Iino, M; Ozawa, S; Tsuzuki, K | 1 |
| Franke, C; Hatt, H; Rosenheimer, JL; Smith, DO; Zufall, F | 1 |
| Kendig, JJ; Woodley, SJ | 1 |
| Berge, OG; Hole, K; Lund, A; Mjellem-Joly, N | 1 |
| Arancio, O; MacDermott, AB; Murase, K; Yoshimura, M | 1 |
| Arvin, B; Le Peillet, E; Meldrum, BS; Moncada, C | 1 |
| Calder, LD; Karler, R; Turkanis, SA | 1 |
| Michaels, RL; Rothman, SM | 1 |
| Gallo, V; Giovannini, C; Levi, G | 1 |
| Boksa, P; Chaudieu, I; Mount, H; Quirion, R | 1 |
| Evans, RH; Long, SK; Siarey, RJ; Smith, DA | 1 |
| Ishida, M; Ishihara, T; Nakagawa, Y; Saitoh, K; Shinozaki, H | 1 |
| Nicklas, WJ; Zeevalk, GD | 1 |
| Dudek, FE; van den Pol, AN; Wuarin, JP | 1 |
| Dawson, TL; Dingledine, R; Nicholas, RA | 1 |
| Courtney, MJ; Lambert, JJ; Nicholls, DG | 1 |
| Bockaert, J; Charpentier, N; Dumuis, A; Pin, JP; Sebben, M | 1 |
| Collingridge, GL; Davies, SN | 1 |
| Kimura, F; Nishigori, A; Tsumoto, T | 1 |
| Hoehn, K; White, TD | 1 |
| Kerwin, R; Meldrum, B; Patel, S | 1 |
| Dingledine, R; Kleckner, NW; McBain, CJ | 1 |
| Hansen, AJ; Honoré, T; Jacobsen, P; Nielsen, EO; Sheardown, MJ | 1 |
| Keith, RA; Klika, AB; Mangano, TJ; Patel, J; Salama, AI; Zinkand, WC | 1 |
| Balázs, R; Hack, N; Jørgensen, OS | 1 |
| Honoré, T; Imperato, A; Jensen, LH | 1 |
| Birch, PJ; Grossman, CJ; Hayes, AG | 2 |
| Dingledine, R; Kleckner, NW | 1 |
| Dingledine, R; Kleckner, NW; Verdoorn, TA | 1 |
| Blake, JF; Brown, MW; Collingridge, GL; Yates, RG | 1 |
| Harris, KM; Miller, RJ | 1 |
| Dubinsky, JM; Rothman, SM; Yamada, KA | 1 |
| Gundersen, CB; Umbach, JA | 1 |
| Andreasen, M; Jensen, MS; Lambert, JD | 1 |
| Wu, SM; Yang, XL | 1 |
| Ambrosini, A; Barnard, EA; Henley, JM; Krogsgaard-Larsen, P | 1 |
| Shreve, PE; Uretsky, NJ | 1 |
| Drejer, J; Honoré, T | 1 |
| Berney, D; Frey, P; Herrling, PL; Mueller, W; Urwyler, S | 1 |
| Cohen, A; Erez, U; Frenk, H; Goldberg, O; Teichberg, VI | 1 |
| Blake, JF; Brown, MW; Collingridge, GL | 1 |
| Davies, SN; Drejer, J; Fletcher, EJ; Honoré, T; Jacobsen, P; Lodge, D; Nielsen, FE | 1 |
| Ben-Ari, Y; Cherubini, E; Neuman, RS | 1 |
| Aram, JA; Fletcher, EJ; Honoré, T; Lodge, D; Martin, D | 1 |
| Lerma, J; Mellström, B; Naranjo, JR; Paternain, AV | 1 |
| Kuraishi, Y; Okano, K; Satoh, M | 1 |
| Kaddis, FG; Uretsky, NJ; Wallace, LJ | 1 |
| Fedele, E; Raiteri, M; Versace, P | 1 |
| Anderton, BH; Leigh, PN; Meldrum, BS; Nunn, PB; Willis, CL | 1 |
| Klitgaard, H; Laudrup, P | 1 |
| Gyevai, A; Mike, A; Osipenko, O; Vizi, ES | 1 |
| Cull-Candy, SG; Wyllie, DJ | 1 |
| Lookingland, KJ; Moore, KE; Wagner, EJ | 1 |
| Hardy, M; Pleasure, D; Pleasure, J; Shi, QY; Tang, CM; Williams, M; Younkin, D | 1 |
| Herrera, AJ; Osborne, NN | 1 |
| Massieu, L; Tapia, R | 1 |
| Hall, RA; Kessler, M; Lynch, G | 1 |
| Akopian, A; Krizaj, D; Witkovsky, P | 1 |
| Adler-Graschinsky, E; Butta, NV; Lorenzo, PS | 1 |
| Gruner, R; Parsons, CG; Rozental, J | 1 |
| Andersen, PH; Jørgensen, M; Tygesen, CK | 1 |
| Dowling, JE; Grant, GB | 1 |
| Balázs, R; Hack, N | 1 |
| Drejer, J; Johansen, TH; Nielsen, EO; Wätjen, F | 2 |
| Drian, MJ; König, N; Serrano, P | 1 |
| Berger, T | 1 |
| Bigge, CF; Borosky, SA; Boxer, PA; Lescosky, LJ; Malone, TC; Nelson, CB; Ortwine, DF; Retz, DM; Schelkun, RM; Vartanian, MG | 1 |
| Taché, Y; Yang, H | 1 |
| Carraro, S; Guarnieri, T; Villani, L | 1 |
| Lodge, D; Palmer, AJ | 1 |
| Boldry, RC; Chase, TN; Engber, TM; Kelland, MD | 1 |
| Bahr, BA; Baudry, M; Hall, RA; Lynch, G; Suppiramaniam, V; Vodyanoy, V | 1 |
| Ault, B; Hildebrand, LM | 1 |
| Bessho, Y; Nakanishi, S; Nawa, H | 1 |
| French, ED; Wang, T | 1 |
| Ambrosini, A; Racagni, G | 1 |
| Boos, R; Schneider, H; Wässle, H | 1 |
| Honoré, T; Sheardown, MJ; Suzdak, PD | 1 |
| Fukuda, H; Hicks, TP; Kobayashi, T; Nagao, T; Oka, JI | 1 |
| Hensley, SH; Wu, SM; Yang, XL | 1 |
| Gordon, FJ; Kiely, JM | 1 |
| Henry, JL; Radhakrishnan, V | 1 |
| Choi, DW; Goldberg, MP; Gottlieb, DI; Huettner, JE; Turetsky, DM | 1 |
| Hammerland, LG; Parks, TN; Zhou, N | 1 |
| Donevan, SD; Rogawski, MA; Yamaguchi, S | 1 |
| Massieu, L; Morales-Villagrán, A; Tapia, R | 1 |
| Croucher, MJ; Patel, DR; Sturt, NJ | 1 |
| Beart, PM; Ganakas, AM; Mercer, LD; Shinozaki, H | 1 |
| Palmer, AM; Reiter, CT | 1 |
| Dörner, R; Schlue, WR; Zens, M | 1 |
| Hochstrate, P; Schlue, WR | 1 |
| Barnes, JM; Henley, JM; Kirkham, D; Murphy, PA | 1 |
| Abercrombie, ED; Keefe, KA; Sved, AF; Zigmond, MJ | 1 |
| López-Colomé, AM; Ortega, A; Romo-de-Vivar, M | 1 |
| Beninger, RJ; Boegman, RJ; Jhamandas, K; Vrooman, L | 1 |
| Ben-Ari, Y; Gaiarsa, JL; Zagrean, L | 1 |
| Carlen, PL; Gurevich, N; Pace-Asciak, CR; Reynaud, D; Wu, PH; Zhang, L | 1 |
| Cabrera, RJ; Donoso, AO; Navarro, CE | 1 |
| Alfonso, M; Carvalho, AP; Duarte, CB; Duran, R; Ferreira, IL | 1 |
| Janáky, R; Oja, SS; Saransaari, P; Varga, V | 1 |
| Galbiati, M; Martini, L; Messi, E; Zanisi, M | 1 |
| Bianchi, L; Bolam, JP; Della Corte, L; Sharp, T | 1 |
| Giboney, P; Simmons, DD; Song, C | 1 |
| Lindsay, AD; Weiss, JH; Yin, HZ | 1 |
| Metsis, M; Timmusk, T | 1 |
| Choiniere, D; Teng, YD; Wrathall, JR | 1 |
| Greenberg, DA; Koretz, B; Lustig, HS; von B Ahern, K; Wang, N | 1 |
| Brugger, F; Clark, KC; Evans, RH; Hawkins, NS; Pook, P; Watkins, JC | 1 |
| Dai, X; Douglas, JR; Jordan, LM; Noga, BR | 1 |
| Lacaille, JC; Vachon, P; Williams, S | 1 |
| Kessler, JP | 1 |
| Barker, JL; di Porzio, U; Morelli, F; Novotny, EA; Smith, SV | 1 |
| Ito, H; Nakazawa, S; Shiraishi, K | 1 |
| Abercrombie, ED; Keefe, KA; Zigmond, MJ | 1 |
| May, PC; Robison, PM | 1 |
| Chen, B; Kocsis, JD; Pourcho, R; Rand, MN; Waxman, SG | 1 |
| Tang, CM; Yamada, KA | 1 |
| Batini, C; Palestini, M; Thomasset, M; Vigot, R | 1 |
| Berg, M; Bruhn, T; Diemer, NH; Johansen, FF | 1 |
| Bean, AJ; Olson, L; Wetmore, C | 1 |
| Narita, K; Nishihara, M; Takahashi, M; Yokawa, T | 1 |
| Heary, RF; Krieger, AJ; Maniker, AH; Sapru, HN | 1 |
| De Bernardi, R; Ferro, F; Fontana, G; Gemignani, A; Raiteri, M | 1 |
| Gallo, V; Holtzclaw, LA; Russell, JT | 1 |
| Cordi, AA; Desos, P; Lepagnol, JM; Lestage, P; Morain, P | 1 |
| Bonne, C; Cazevieille, C; Culcasi, M; Dutrait, N; Muller, A; Pietri, S; Tordo, P | 1 |
| McCaslin, PP; Oh, S | 1 |
| Carver, JM; Cortes-Burgos, L; Giordano, T; Howe, JR; Mansson, PE; Shu, J; Zhou, LM | 1 |
| Banke, T; Krogsgaard-Larsen, P; Madsen, U; Schousboe, A; Wahl, P | 1 |
| Aguilar, E; Gonzalez, D; Pinilla, L; Tena-Sempere, M | 1 |
| Kohara, A; Okada, M; Yamaguchi, T | 1 |
| Croucher, MJ; Patel, DR | 1 |
| Deupree, DL; Dickman, E; Kirch, RD; Schloss, JV; Tang, XW; Wu, JY; Yarom, M | 1 |
| Miller, DD; Shams, G; Sun, G; Uretsky, NJ; Wallace, LJ; Weinstein, DM | 1 |
| Ben-Yoseph, O; Boxer, PA; Ross, BD | 1 |
| Bianchi, L; Bolam, JP; Della Corte, L; Frosini, M; Galeffi, F; Palmi, M; Sgaragli, G | 1 |
| Coyle, JT; Getz, RL; Konradi, C; Leveque, JC; Simonian, NA | 1 |
| Bouazzaoui, M; Gombos, G; Kannengieser, C; Procksch, O | 1 |
| Alici, K; Gloveli, T; Heinemann, U; Schmitz, D | 1 |
| Shiraishi, K | 2 |
| Gallo, V; Ghiani, CA; Knutson, P; McBain, CJ; Zhou, JM | 1 |
| Kawaguchi, K; Simon, RP | 1 |
| Corrèges, P; Duport, S; Stoppini, L | 1 |
| Fergus, A; Lee, KS | 1 |
| Bettelini, L; Corsi, M; Fina, P; Trist, DG | 1 |
| Bonfanti, A; Pittaluga, A; Raiteri, M | 1 |
| Berman, FW; Murray, TF | 1 |
| Fontana, G; Gemignani, A; Marchese, S; Raiteri, M | 1 |
| Cai, SX; Espitia, SA; Hawkinson, JE; Huang, JC; Ilyin, VI; Keana, JF; Tran, M; Weber, E; Woodward, RM | 1 |
| Arias, C; Arrieta, I; Massieu, L; Tapia, R | 1 |
| Canzoniero, LM; Choi, DW; Grabb, M; Monyer, H; Sensi, SL; Sheline, CT; Weishaupt, JH; Ying, HS | 1 |
| Canzoniero, LM; Choi, DW; Kerchner, GA; Koh, JY; Sensi, SL; Ying, HS; Yu, SP | 1 |
| Dudek, FE; Patrylo, PR | 1 |
| Dell'Erba, G; Guarnieri, T; Villani, L | 1 |
| Ohno-Shosaku, T; Sawada, S; Yamamoto, C | 1 |
| Ohno, K; Okada, M; Sakamoto, S; Tsutsumi, R; Yamaguchi, T | 1 |
| Beirne, JP; Massey, GW; Pearlstein, RD; Warner, DS | 1 |
| Davis, RE | 1 |
| Bleuel, Z; Clifford, MM; Ellis, GJ; Humbel, U; Klingelschmidt, A; Messer, J; Mutel, V; Richards, JG; Trube, G | 1 |
| De Laurentiis, A; del Carmen Díaz, M; Duvilanski, B; Lasaga, M; Pampillo, M; Pisera, D; Seilicovich, A; Theas, S | 1 |
| Endo, T; Hara, S; Iwata, N; Kano, S; Kuriiwa, F; Mukai, T; Yanase, T | 1 |
| Barat, A; Burgos, JS; Ramírez, G; Souza, DO | 1 |
| Näsström, J; Sequeira, S | 1 |
| Aguilar, E; Pinilla, L; Tena-Sempere, M | 2 |
| Mifflin, SW; Zhang, J | 1 |
| Inami, H; Kohara, A; Ohno, K; Okada, M; Sakamoto, S; Shimizu-Sasamata, M; Shishikura, J; Takahashi, M; Tsutsumi, R; Yamaguchi, T | 1 |
| Balázs, R; Facchinetti, F; Hack, NJ | 1 |
| Gatherer, M; Sundstrom, LE | 1 |
| Holmberg, L; Souverbie, F; Sundström, E | 1 |
| Faddis, BT; Goldberg, MP; Hasbani, MJ; Hyrc, KL; Romano, C | 1 |
| Cattaert, D; Le Ray, D | 1 |
| Agassandian, C; Ben Ari, Y; Guillot, S; Khrestchatisky, M; Rivera, S | 1 |
| Higuchi, T; Honda, K; Murata, T; Narita, K; Nishihara, M; Takahashi, M | 1 |
| Jensen, JB; Pickering, DS; Schousboe, A | 1 |
| Badre, SE; Morsette, DJ; Sladek, CD; Swenson, KL | 1 |
| Gatt, A; Holmes, GL; Liu, Z; Mikati, MA; Rachid, RA; Rahmeh, AA; Stafstrom, CE; Werner, S | 1 |
| Blanco, R; de la Villa, P | 1 |
| Abrahams, TP; Hornby, PJ; Krowicki, ZK; Sivarao, DV | 1 |
| Linden, R; Martins, RA; Rocha, M | 1 |
| Drejer, J; Gouliaev, AH; Jensen, LH; Mathiesen, C; Moller, A; Nielsen, EO; Varming, T; Wätjen, F | 1 |
| Dong, LP; Wang, TY | 1 |
| Song, XJ; Zhao, ZQ | 1 |
| Aguilar, E; González, LC; Pinilla, L; Tena-Sempere, M | 1 |
| Bleakman, D; Hoo, K; Ogden, AM; Ornstein, PL | 1 |
| Hanania, T; Johnson, KM | 1 |
| Ebert, B; Gramsbergen, JB; Jakobsen, B; Kristensen, BW; Noraberg, J; Zimmer, J | 1 |
| Denizot, JP; Métin, C; Ropert, N | 1 |
| Berkman, K; Gören, MZ; Onat, F | 1 |
| Chen, S; Lin, X | 1 |
| Isaac, JT; Kidd, FL | 1 |
| Bouron, A; Chergui, K; Mulle, C; Normand, E | 1 |
| Kohda, K; Wang, Y; Yuzaki, M | 1 |
| Skradski, S; White, HS | 1 |
| Kullmann, DM; Semyanov, A | 1 |
| Durkin, JP; Gendron, TF; MacLean, S; Mealing, G; Morley, P; Small, DL; Tremblay, R | 1 |
| Alfonso, M; Durán, R; Quintela, BA | 1 |
| Mao, L; Wang, JQ | 1 |
| Howe, JR; Smith, TC | 1 |
| Fendt, M | 1 |
| Armstrong, N; Gouaux, E | 1 |
| Barat, A; Burgos, JS; Ramirez, G | 1 |
| Bardoul, M; Drian, MJ; König, N | 1 |
| Jiang, L; Kang, J; Nedergaard, M; Xu, J | 1 |
| Canonico, PL; Dianzani, C; Fantozzi, R; Lombardi, G; Miglio, G | 1 |
| Kristensen, BW; Noraberg, J; Zimmer, J | 1 |
| Jakobsen, B; Zimmer, J | 1 |
| Dikranian, K; Farber, NB; Heinkel, C; Jiang, XP; Kim, SH | 1 |
| Christensen, KV; Dai, WM; Ebert, B; Egebjerg, J; Lambert, JD | 1 |
| Attwell, D; Hamann, M; Marie, H; Rossi, DJ | 1 |
| Lee, SY; Oh, S; Ryoo, IJ; Shin, MH; Yoo, ID; Yun, B | 1 |
| Chiang, AS; Lin, SC; Liu, HP; Pszczolkowski, MA | 1 |
| Fujimori, S; Hinoi, E; Takarada, T; Taniura, H; Yoneda, Y | 1 |
| Jakobsen, B; Tasker, A; Zimmer, J | 1 |
| Hashimoto, K; Nakamura, R; Suzuki, Y; Takagi, Y; Umemura, K | 1 |
| Gouaux, E; Jin, R | 1 |
| Callewaert, G; Leyssen, M; Robberecht, W; Van Damme, P; Van Den Bosch, L | 1 |
| Kass-Simon, G; Pannaccione, A; Pierobon, P | 1 |
| Anesetti, G; Barbeito, L; Beckman, JS; Cassina, P; Castellanos, R; Martinez-Palma, L; Pehar, M; Peluffo, H | 1 |
| Bruno, V; Caciagli, F; Caricasole, A; Caruso, A; Castiglione, M; Di Giorgi Gerevini, V; Marinelli, F; Melchiorri, D; Moretti, A; Nicoletti, F; Pozzilli, C; Tomassini, V | 1 |
| Dai, W; Deng, W; Follett, PL; Jensen, FE; Massillon, LJ; Rosenberg, PA; Talos, DM; Volpe, JJ | 1 |
| Jensen, FE; Koh, S; Simpson, JN; Tibayan, FD | 1 |
| Grebenyuk, S; Kirichok, Y; Krishtal, O; Lozovaya, N; Melnik, S; Tsintsadze, T | 1 |
| Hamanaka, N; Ito, S; Matsumura, S; Minami, T; Nishizawa, M; Sasaguri, Y | 1 |
| Sacchetti, B; Scelfo, B; Strata, P; Tempia, F | 1 |
| Bates, TE; Rosin, C; Skaper, SD | 1 |
| Best, N; Gorianov, V; Nvue, R; Pringle, AK; Sundstrom, LE | 1 |
| Ambrósio, AF; Araújo, IM; Carvalho, CM; Verdasca, MJ | 1 |
| Camins, A; Canudas, AM; Folch, J; Jiménez, A; Jordà, EG; Pallàs, M; Rimbau, V; Verdaguer, E | 1 |
| Dowling, JE; Wong, KY | 1 |
| Bonhomme, N; Goldstein, S; Lestage, P; Lockhart, B; Roger, A | 1 |
| Gómez-Lira, G; Gutiérrez, R; Lamas, M; Romo-Parra, H | 1 |
| Currás-Collazo, MC; Pak, CW; Qiu, S | 1 |
| Gago, F; Mendieta, J; Ramírez, G | 1 |
| Barygin, OI; Dorofeeva, NA; Magazanik, LG; Salnikov, YI; Tikhonov, DB; Tikhonova, TB | 1 |
| Kanno, T; Maruo, K; Maruo, S; Nishizaki, T; Yaguchi, T; Yamamoto, S; Yashiya, S | 1 |
| Bräuner-Osborne, H; Jensen, AA; Strange, M | 1 |
| Gudz, TI; Komuro, H; Macklin, WB | 1 |
| Ballini, C; Bianchi, L; Colivicchi, MA; Della Corte, L; Fattori, M; Giovannini, MG; Healy, J; Tipton, KF; Venturi, C | 1 |
| Lerma, J; Priel, A; Selak, S; Stern-Bach, Y | 1 |
| McCarthy, MM; Mong, JA; Schwarz, JM; Todd, BJ | 1 |
| Dai, Q; Gao, R; Meng, H; Qiao, X | 1 |
| Ambrósio, AF; Carvalho, AP; Carvalho, CM; Santiago, AR | 1 |
| Butt, AM; Hamilton, N; Hubbard, PS | 1 |
| Babai, N; Thoreson, WB | 1 |
| Bortolatto, CF; Jesse, CR; Nogueira, CW; Savegnago, L; Wilhelm, EA | 1 |
| DeSilva, TM; Goldhoff, PE; Kabakov, AY; Rosenberg, PA; Volpe, JJ | 1 |
| Kallinen, SA; Kontturi, LS; Salonen, V; Uusi-Oukari, M | 1 |
| Schauwecker, PE | 1 |
| Cosgrave, AS; McKay, JS; Thippeswamy, T | 1 |
| Elkabes, S; Giraud, SN; Heary, RF; Jain, MR; Kurnellas, MP; Li, H; Nicot, AB; Ratnayake, A | 1 |
| Alfaro, JM; Burgos, JS; Ripoll-Gómez, J | 1 |
| Hsu, CI; Rao, SD; Sorkin, LS; Weiss, JH; Yin, HZ; Yu, S | 1 |
| Colbert, CM; Eskin, A; Pita-Almenar, JD; Zou, S | 1 |
| Rodríguez-Moreno, A; Sihra, TS | 1 |
| Iniouchine, MY; Sibarov, DA; Vol'nova, AB | 1 |
| Bazan, N; Lu, Y; Pei, L; Shang, Y; Tian, Q; Wang, X; Wen, R; Yang, Y; Zhao, K; Zhu, LQ | 1 |
| Gmiro, VE; Serdyuk, SE; Veselkina, OS | 1 |
| Fukushima, K; Imaizumi, Y; Ito, M; Kohmura, N; Sawada, K; Sugawara, M; Tabata, Y; Yamazaki, K | 1 |
| Bankstahl, M; Klein, S; Löscher, W; Römermann, K; Twele, F | 1 |
| Artigas, F; Castañé, A; Gasull-Camós, J; Tarrés-Gatius, M | 1 |
| Bankstahl, M; Brandt, C; Bröer, S; Gerhauser, I; Klee, R; Li, D; Löscher, W; Meller, S; Rankovic, V; Römermann, K; Schidlitzki, A; Töllner, K; Twele, F; Waltl, I | 1 |
| Bekker, A; Kang, S; Li, J; Ye, JH | 1 |
| Babinska, Z; Getachew, B; Luptak, M; Ruda-Kucerova, J; Tizabi, Y | 1 |
| Barnes, S; Brecha, NC; Hirano, AA; Liu, X | 1 |
| Al-Emam, A; Al-Shraim, M; Moldzio, R; Radad, K; Rausch, WD | 1 |
| Gray, WP; Pringle, A; Sadek, AR; Seifert, G; Shtaya, A; Steinhäuser, C; Zaben, M | 1 |
| Bay, Y; Chałupnik, P; Hinkkanen, M; Johansen, TN; Karcz, T; Latacz, G; Nielsen, B; Pickering, DS; Skov Kristensen, A; Szczepańska, K; Szymańska, E; Vialko, A | 1 |
2 review(s) available for quinoxalines and kainic acid
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Quinoxalinediones as excitatory amino acid antagonists in the vertebrate central nervous system.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Binding, Competitive; Central Nervous System; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Signal Transduction; Spinal Cord; Structure-Activity Relationship; Vertebrates | 1990 |
The glycine coagonist site of the NMDA receptor.
Topics: Animals; Binding Sites; Brain; Glycine; Kainic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1990 |
334 other study(ies) available for quinoxalines and kainic acid
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Complex pharmacological properties of recombinant alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate receptor subtypes.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Binding Sites; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Oocytes; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Recombinant Proteins; Xenopus laevis | 1992 |
AMPA/kainic acid glutamate receptor antagonism in the zona incerta dorsal to the subthalamic nucleus inhibits amphetamine-induced stereotypy bur not locomotor activity.
Topics: Animals; Dextroamphetamine; Diencephalon; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Lidocaine; Male; Microinjections; Motor Activity; Oxadiazoles; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Stereotyped Behavior; Thalamus | 1992 |
Methohexitone antagonises kainate and epileptiform activity in rat neocortical slices.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Epilepsy; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Methohexital; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid | 1992 |
The non-NMDA glutamate antagonist NBQX blocks the local hippocampal toxicity of kainic acid, but not the diffuse extrahippocampal damage.
Topics: Animals; Hippocampus; Injections; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Kainic Acid; Limbic System; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid | 1992 |
The effects of excitatory amino acids on proenkephalin and prodynorphin mRNA levels in the hippocampal dentate gyrus of the rat; an in situ hybridization study.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Enkephalins; Functional Laterality; Gene Expression; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Male; Microinjections; N-Methylaspartate; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Protein Precursors; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; RNA, Messenger | 1992 |
Astrocyte heterogeneity: endogenous amino acid levels and release evoked by non-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor agonists and by potassium-induced swelling in type-1 and type-2 astrocytes.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Astrocytes; Bucladesine; Cells, Cultured; Kainic Acid; Osmolar Concentration; Potassium; Potassium Chloride; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid | 1992 |
mRNA coding for neurotransmitter receptors in a human astrocytoma.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aged; Animals; Astrocytoma; Brain Neoplasms; Calcium Channels; Cell Line; Culture Techniques; Female; Glutamates; Humans; Kainic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Oocytes; Pirenzepine; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; RNA, Messenger; Xenopus | 1992 |
Kindling-induced long-lasting changes in synaptic transmission in the basolateral amygdala.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Amygdala; Animals; Bicuculline; Electric Stimulation; Kainic Acid; Kindling, Neurologic; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, GABA-A; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1992 |
L-proline activates glutamate and glycine receptors in cultured rat dorsal horn neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Female; Glutamates; Glycine; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Pregnancy; Proline; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Glycine; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Spinal Cord; Strychnine | 1992 |
Neuronal origins of K(+)-evoked amino acid release from cerebellar cultures.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Kainic Acid; Neurons; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1992 |
Extracellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate-evoked glutamate release in cultured hippocampal neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Electrophysiology; Fetus; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tetrodotoxin | 1992 |
Evidence that non-NMDA receptors are involved in the excitatory pathway from the pedunculopontine region to nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 2-Aminoadipic Acid; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Glutamine; Iontophoresis; Kainic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Pons; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Substantia Nigra; Synapses | 1992 |
The kinetics of the response to glutamate and kainate in neurons of the avian cochlear nucleus.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Chick Embryo; Cochlear Nerve; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamates; Kainic Acid; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1992 |
Receptor-coupled uptake of valproate in rat astroglial primary cultures.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; Biological Transport; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Clonidine; Drug Interactions; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Isoproterenol; Kainic Acid; Ketanserin; Phenylephrine; Prazosin; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Serotonin; Valproic Acid; Yohimbine | 1992 |
Estradiol selectively regulates agonist binding sites on the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor complex in the CA1 region of the hippocampus.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Binding Sites; Binding, Competitive; Estradiol; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Ovariectomy; Progesterone; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1992 |
The effect of hypoxia on neurotransmitter phenotype of forebrain cholinergic neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Cell Hypoxia; Cells, Cultured; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Embryo, Mammalian; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Growth Factors; Neurons; Phenotype; Prosencephalon; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1992 |
Glutamate release and presynaptic action of AP4 during inspiratory drive to phrenic motoneurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Axons; Brain Stem; Decerebrate State; Glutamates; In Vitro Techniques; Inhalation; Kainic Acid; Medulla Oblongata; Models, Neurological; Motor Neurons; Phrenic Nerve; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Spinal Cord; Synapses | 1992 |
Dual-component miniature excitatory synaptic currents in rat hippocampal CA3 pyramidal neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory; Hippocampus; Hypertonic Solutions; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Membrane Potentials; Microelectrodes; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Potassium; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1992 |
Stimulation of cultured cerebellar granule cells via glutamate receptors induces TRE- and CRE-binding activities mediated by common DNA-binding complexes.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Base Sequence; Blotting, Northern; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Cyclic AMP; DNA-Binding Proteins; Kainic Acid; Magnesium; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Molecular Sequence Data; N-Methylaspartate; Protein Binding; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate | 1992 |
Energy requirements of glutamatergic pathways in rabbit retina.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Energy Metabolism; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kainic Acid; Light; Oxygen Consumption; Quinoxalines; Rabbits; Retina | 1992 |
Characterization and regulation of a high affinity [3H]CNQX labelled AMPA receptor in rat neocortex.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Male; Muscimol; N-Methylaspartate; Oxadiazoles; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Tritium | 1992 |
Glutamate receptors of Drosophila melanogaster: cloning of a kainate-selective subunit expressed in the central nervous system.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Base Sequence; Cloning, Molecular; DNA; Drosophila melanogaster; Kainic Acid; Macromolecular Substances; Molecular Sequence Data; Nervous System; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; Oocytes; Phenols; Polyamines; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Restriction Mapping; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Transcription, Genetic; Wasp Venoms; Xenopus | 1992 |
Differential effects of neuroexcitatory amino acids on corticotropin-releasing hormone-41 and vasopressin release from rat hypothalamic explants.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Arginine Vasopressin; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Glycine; Hypothalamus; Kainic Acid; Magnesium; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 1992 |
Spontaneous synchronous synaptic calcium transients in cultured cortical neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Dizocilpine Maleate; Electrophysiology; Fetus; Fluorescent Dyes; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Membrane Potentials; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Neurons; Picrotoxin; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1992 |
N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) and non-NMDA receptors regulating hippocampal norepinephrine release. I. Location on axon terminals and pharmacological characterization.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Axons; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Magnesium; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Norepinephrine; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synaptosomes | 1992 |
Quinoxaline derivatives: structure-activity relationships and physiological implications of inhibition of N-methyl-D-aspartate and non-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated currents and synaptic potentials.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Electrophysiology; Evoked Potentials; Female; Glycine; Hippocampus; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Oocytes; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; RNA, Messenger; Structure-Activity Relationship; Synapses; Xenopus | 1992 |
In the GluR1 glutamate receptor subunit a glutamine to histidine point mutation suppresses inward rectification but not calcium permeability.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Barium; Base Sequence; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Cloning, Molecular; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; Glutamine; Histidine; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Macromolecular Substances; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; Oocytes; Plasmids; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Transcription, Genetic; Xenopus laevis | 1992 |
alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionate/kainate receptor antagonists in the nucleus accumbens and ventral pallidum decrease the hypermotility response to psychostimulant drugs.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Brain; Globus Pallidus; Glutamine; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Male; Motor Activity; Nucleus Accumbens; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1992 |
CNQX binding to non-NMDA glutamate receptors in canine cerebro-cortical crude synaptosomal membranes: pharmacological characterization and comparison of binding parameters in dogs with congenital portosystemic encephalopathy and control dogs.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Cerebral Cortex; Dogs; Female; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Male; Membranes; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synaptosomes | 1992 |
Stimulation of noradrenaline release in human cerebral cortex mediated by N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and non-NMDA receptors.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adult; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Cerebral Cortex; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Glycine; Humans; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Magnesium; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Norepinephrine; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tetrodotoxin; Tritium | 1992 |
Evoked endogenous taurine release from cultured cerebellar neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Dizocilpine Maleate; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Taurine | 1992 |
Evidence for a glutamate receptor of the AMPA subtype which mediates insulin release from rat perfused pancreas.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Atropine; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Insulin; Kainic Acid; Male; Pancreas; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Tetrodotoxin | 1992 |
Pharmacological characterization of non-NMDA subtypes of glutamate receptor in the neonatal rat hemisected spinal cord in vitro.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Methohexital; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spinal Cord | 1992 |
Excitatory amino acids: new tools for old stories or pharmacological subtypes of glutamate receptors: electrophysiological studies.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Amino Acids; Animals; Brain Stem; Cerebral Cortex; Electrophysiology; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Polyamines; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Spinal Cord; Wasp Venoms | 1991 |
Activation of AMPA/kainic acid glutamate receptors in the zona incerta stimulates locomotor activity.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Diencephalon; Ibotenic Acid; Injections; Kainic Acid; Male; Motor Activity; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Substantia Nigra | 1991 |
Release of endogenous and newly synthesized glutamate and of other amino acids induced by non-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation in cerebellar granule cell cultures.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Exocytosis; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Taurine | 1991 |
GABAA and excitatory amino acid receptors in dorsomedial hypothalamus and heart rate in rats.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Bicuculline; Blood Pressure; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Heart Rate; Hypothalamus; Kainic Acid; Male; Microinjections; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface | 1991 |
N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonists prevent kainate neurotoxicity in rat retinal ganglion cells in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Electrophysiology; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Rats; Retinal Ganglion Cells | 1991 |
Synaptic- and agonist-induced excitatory currents of Purkinje cells in rat cerebellar slices.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Bicuculline; Electric Stimulation; Glutamates; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Piperazines; Purkinje Cells; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1991 |
Differential intracellular calcium responses to glutamate in type 1 and type 2 cultured brain astrocytes.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; Brain; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Egtazic Acid; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamates; Ibotenic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Kainic Acid; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1991 |
Selective blockade of non-NMDA receptors does not block rapidly triggered glutamate-induced neuronal death.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cell Line; Cell Survival; Cerebral Cortex; Fetus; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Kainic Acid; Mice; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1991 |
Presynaptic modulation of glutamate and dynorphin release by excitatory amino acids in the guinea-pig hippocampus.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Dynorphins; Glutamates; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Synapses; Synaptosomes | 1991 |
Excitatory synaptic potentials in kainic acid-denervated rat CA1 pyramidal neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Denervation; Evoked Potentials; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses | 1991 |
Pontomedullary glutamate receptors mediating locomotion and muscle tone suppression.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cats; Electric Stimulation; Female; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Motor Activity; Muscles; N-Methylaspartate; Pons; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1991 |
Pharmacological characterization of the quisqualate receptor coupled to phospholipase C (Qp) in striatal neurons.
Topics: 2-Aminoadipic Acid; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Alanine; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Corpus Striatum; Dizocilpine Maleate; Fura-2; Ibotenic Acid; Inositol Phosphates; Kainic Acid; Mice; Neurons; Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate; Phosphoserine; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Type C Phospholipases | 1991 |
GABA release triggered by the activation of neuron-like non-NMDA receptors in cultured type 2 astrocytes is carrier-mediated.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Astrocytes; Carrier Proteins; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Chlorides; Cyclic GMP; GABA Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Ibotenic Acid; Ion Channel Gating; Kainic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Lithium; Lithium Chloride; Membrane Potentials; Membrane Proteins; Membrane Transport Proteins; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Nipecotic Acids; Nitroprusside; Organic Anion Transporters; Proline; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Secretory Rate; Sodium; Stimulation, Chemical | 1991 |
Terminal excitability of the corticostriatal pathway. II. Regulation by glutamate receptor stimulation.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 2-Aminoadipic Acid; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Electrophysiology; Glutamates; Kainic Acid; Male; Nerve Endings; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1991 |
Domoic acid enhances the K(+)-evoked release of endogenous glutamate from guinea pig hippocampal mossy fiber synaptosomes.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Drug Synergism; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Male; Nerve Fibers; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Synaptosomes | 1991 |
The contribution of non-NMDA and NMDA receptors to graded bursting activity in the CA1 region of the hippocampus in a chronic model of epilepsy.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Bicuculline; Chronic Disease; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Epilepsy; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Male; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1991 |
Excitatory amino acid receptors mediate synaptic responses to visual stimuli in superior colliculus neurones of the rat.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Ibotenic Acid; Iontophoresis; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Photic Stimulation; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Superior Colliculi; Synapses | 1991 |
Excitatory synapse in the rat hippocampus in tissue culture and effects of aniracetam.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Embryo, Mammalian; Evoked Potentials; Hippocampus; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Pyramidal Tracts; Pyrrolidinones; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Synapses | 1991 |
Receptor sub-types involved in responses of Purkinje cell to exogenous excitatory amino acids and local electrical stimulation in cerebellar slices in the rat.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Bicuculline; Cerebellum; Electric Stimulation; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Purkinje Cells; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1991 |
NMDA and non-NMDA receptors mediate visual responses of neurons in the cat's lateral geniculate nucleus.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cats; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Geniculate Bodies; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synaptic Transmission; Time Factors; Visual Perception | 1991 |
Excitotoxicity in the embryonic chick spinal cord.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Amino Acids, Diamino; Animals; beta-Alanine; Chick Embryo; Cyanobacteria Toxins; Dizocilpine Maleate; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Motor Neurons; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Degeneration; Neurotoxins; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Spinal Cord | 1991 |
Central neural mediators of secondary hyperalgesia following heat injury in rats: neuropeptides and excitatory amino acids.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Amino Acids; Animals; Capsaicin; Functional Laterality; Hot Temperature; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Neuronal Plasticity; Neuropeptides; Pain; Quinoxalines; Rats; Reflex; Time Factors | 1991 |
CNQX, a new non-NMDA receptor antagonist, reduces spike wave discharges in the WAG/Rij rat model of absence epilepsy.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Azasteroids; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy, Absence; Female; Injections, Intraventricular; Kainic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Postural Balance; Pregnanediones; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1991 |
The role of NMDA receptors in long-term potentiation (LTP) and depression (LTD) in rat visual cortex.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Calcium Chloride; Cortical Spreading Depression; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Magnesium; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Time Factors; Visual Cortex | 1991 |
Novel kainate derivatives: potent depolarizing actions on spinal motoneurones and dorsal root fibres in newborn rats.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Motor Neurons; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spinal Cord; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1991 |
Glutamate, kainate and quisqualate enhance GABA-dependent chloride uptake in cortex.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Biological Transport; Cerebral Cortex; Chloride Channels; Chlorides; Dizocilpine Maleate; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ion Channels; Kainic Acid; Male; Membrane Proteins; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, GABA-A | 1990 |
Properties of kainate receptor/channels on cultured Bergmann glia.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Calcium; Cell Membrane; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellar Cortex; Chick Embryo; Chlorides; Dipeptides; Ion Channels; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Kynurenic Acid; Models, Neurological; Neuroglia; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Rubidium; Sodium | 1991 |
Two types of kainate response in cultured rat hippocampal neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electricity; Electrophysiology; Hippocampus; Ion Channels; Kainic Acid; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats | 1991 |
Desensitization and resensitization rates of glutamate-activated channels may regulate motoneuron excitability.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Cell Membrane; Chick Embryo; Electrophysiology; Glutamates; Ibotenic Acid; Ion Channels; Kainic Acid; Motor Neurons; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Synaptic Transmission | 1991 |
Substance P and NMDA receptors mediate a slow nociceptive ventral root potential in neonatal rat spinal cord.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Nociceptors; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reflex, Monosynaptic; Spinal Nerve Roots; Substance P; Synaptic Transmission | 1991 |
Potentiation of a behavioural response in mice by spinal coadministration of substance P and excitatory amino acid agonists.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Amino Acids; Analgesics; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Drug Synergism; Ibotenic Acid; Injections, Spinal; Kainic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; N-Methylaspartate; Nociceptors; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Substance P | 1991 |
Glutamate receptor agonist-induced inward currents in spinal dorsal horn neurons dissociated from the adult rats.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Ion Channels; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Fibers; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Spinal Cord | 1991 |
Non-NMDA antagonists protect against kainate more than AMPA toxicity in the rat hippocampus.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Hippocampus; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1991 |
DNQX blockade of amphetamine behavioral sensitization.
Topics: Amphetamine; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Haloperidol; Kainic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Seizures; Stereotyped Behavior | 1991 |
Glutamate neurotoxicity in vitro: antagonist pharmacology and intracellular calcium concentrations.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Intracellular Membranes; Kainic Acid; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Osmolar Concentration; Quinoxalines | 1990 |
Modulation of non-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in cultured cerebellar granule cells.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Cyclic GMP; Granulocytes; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1990 |
Stimulation of dopamine release from cultured rat mesencephalic cells by naturally occurring excitatory amino acids: involvement of both N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and non-NMDA receptor subtypes.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Dibenzocycloheptenes; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dopamine; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Mesencephalon; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Stimulation, Chemical | 1990 |
Effect of 6-cyano-2,3-dihydroxy-7-nitro-quinoxaline (CNQX) on dorsal root-, NMDA-, kainate- and quisqualate-mediated depolarization of rat motoneurones in vitro.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Ganglia, Spinal; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Motor Neurons; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1990 |
(2S,3S,4S) alpha-(carboxycyclopropyl)glycine is a novel agonist of metabotropic glutamate receptors.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Amino Acids, Dicarboxylic; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Inositol Phosphates; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synaptosomes | 1990 |
Action of the anti-ischemic agent ifenprodil on N-methyl-D-aspartate and kainate-mediated excitotoxicity.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Animals; Chick Embryo; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Piperidines; Quinoxalines; Retina | 1990 |
Glutamate, the dominant excitatory transmitter in neuroendocrine regulation.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Axons; Calcium; Electric Stimulation; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hypothalamus; Immunohistochemistry; Kainic Acid; Microscopy, Electron; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Second Messenger Systems; Synapses | 1990 |
Homomeric GluR1 excitatory amino acid receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Chloride Channels; Ganglia, Spinal; Hippocampus; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Membrane Proteins; Oocytes; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Xenopus | 1990 |
The interactions between plasma membrane depolarization and glutamate receptor activation in the regulation of cytoplasmic free calcium in cultured cerebellar granule cells.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Cell Membrane; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Cycloleucine; Dizocilpine Maleate; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Magnesium; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1990 |
On concanavalin A-treated striatal neurons quisqualate clearly behaves as a partial agonist of a receptor fully activated by kainate.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Concanavalin A; Corpus Striatum; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Mice; Neurons; Pregnancy; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Veratridine | 1990 |
Contribution of quisqualate/kainate and NMDA receptors to excitatory synaptic transmission in the rat's visual cortex.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Electrophysiology; Evoked Potentials; Kainic Acid; Oxadiazoles; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Visual Cortex | 1990 |
N-methyl-D-aspartate, kainate and quisqualate release endogenous adenosine from rat cortical slices.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Action Potentials; Adenosine; Animals; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Dipeptides; Dizocilpine Maleate; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Magnesium; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Norepinephrine; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tetrodotoxin | 1990 |
Quantitative autoradiographic analysis of glutamate binding sites in the hippocampal formation in normal and schizophrenic brain post mortem.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adult; Aged; Autoradiography; Female; Glutamates; Hippocampus; Humans; Kainic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; N-Methylaspartate; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Reference Values; Schizophrenia; Tritium | 1990 |
2,3-Dihydroxy-6-nitro-7-sulfamoyl-benzo(F)quinoxaline: a neuroprotectant for cerebral ischemia.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Hippocampus; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Oxadiazoles; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1990 |
6,7-Dinitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione blocks the cytotoxicity of N-methyl-D-aspartate and kainate, but not quisqualate, in cortical cultures.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Ligands; N-Methylaspartate; Neurotoxins; Norepinephrine; Oxadiazoles; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1990 |
Selective stimulation of excitatory amino acid receptor subtypes and the survival of cerebellar granule cells in culture: effect of kainic acid.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Dipeptides; Dizocilpine Maleate; DNA; Electric Stimulation; Glutamine; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; N-Methylaspartate; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface | 1990 |
Dopamine release in the nucleus caudatus and in the nucleus accumbens is under glutamatergic control through non-NMDA receptors: a study in freely-moving rats.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Caudate Nucleus; Dialysis; Dopamine; Glutamates; Haloperidol; Kainic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Nucleus Accumbens; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1990 |
Antagonist profile of 6,7-dichloro-3-hydroxy-2-quinoxalinecarboxylate at excitatory amino acid receptors in the neonatal rat spinal cord.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Spinal Cord | 1989 |
Selectivity of quinoxalines and kynurenines as antagonists of the glycine site on N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Binding Sites; Binding, Competitive; Biological Assay; Glycine; Kainic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Structure-Activity Relationship; Xenopus laevis | 1989 |
N-methyl-D-aspartate/glycine and quisqualate/kainate receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes: antagonist pharmacology.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Oocytes; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glycine; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Valine | 1989 |
6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione as an excitatory amino acid antagonist in area CA1 of rat hippocampus.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Binding, Competitive; Female; Hippocampus; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Oxadiazoles; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Synapses | 1989 |
CNQX (6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione) antagonizes NMDA-evoked [3H]GABA release from cultured cortical neurons via an inhibitory action at the strychnine-insensitive glycine site.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glycine; Kainic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Strychnine | 1989 |
Quantitative physiological characterization of a quinoxalinedione non-NMDA receptor antagonist.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cells, Cultured; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electrophysiology; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Mathematics; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Oxadiazoles; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Synapses | 1989 |
Mercuric ions are potent noncompetitive antagonists of human brain kainate receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cysteine; Electric Conductivity; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Mercury; Oocytes; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Recombinant Proteins; Sulfhydryl Reagents; Xenopus laevis | 1989 |
Effects of new non-N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonists on synaptic transmission in the in vitro rat hippocampus.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Evoked Potentials; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Oxadiazoles; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1989 |
Effects of CNQX, APB, PDA, and kynurenate on horizontal cells of the tiger salamander retina.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Light; Membrane Potentials; Photoreceptor Cells; Pipecolic Acids; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Retina; Urodela | 1989 |
Evidence for a single glutamate receptor of the ionotropic kainate/quisqualate type.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Ibotenic Acid; Ion Channel Gating; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Protein Conformation; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Xenopus laevis | 1989 |
AMPA, kainic acid, and N-methyl-D-aspartic acid stimulate locomotor activity after injection into the substantia innominata/lateral preoptic area.
Topics: 2-Aminoadipic Acid; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Basal Ganglia; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Glutamine; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Male; Motor Activity; N-Methylaspartate; Oxazoles; Preoptic Area; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Substantia Innominata | 1989 |
New quinoxalinediones show potent antagonism of quisqualate responses in cultured mouse cortical neurons.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Kainic Acid; Mice; N-Methylaspartate; Oxadiazoles; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Drug; Sodium | 1988 |
6,7-Dichloro-3-hydroxy-2-quinoxalinecarboxylic acid is a relatively potent antagonist at NMDA and kainate receptors.
Topics: Animals; Biological Assay; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Oxadiazoles; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1988 |
Anticonvulsant properties of 3-hydroxy-2-quinoxalinecarboxylic acid, a newly found antagonist of excitatory amino acids.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Aspartic Acid; Electroencephalography; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; N-Methylaspartate; Picrotoxin; Pyrrolidines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Sodium; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1985 |
CNQX blocks acidic amino acid induced depolarizations and synaptic components mediated by non-NMDA receptors in rat hippocampal slices.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Female; Hippocampus; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Oxadiazoles; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synapses | 1988 |
Quinoxalinediones: potent competitive non-NMDA glutamate receptor antagonists.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Binding, Competitive; Cell Membrane; Cerebral Cortex; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Ketamine; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Drug; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Spinal Cord | 1988 |
Kynurenate and FG9041 have both competitive and non-competitive antagonist actions at excitatory amino acid receptors.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Spinal Cord | 1988 |
Antagonism of spontaneous and evoked bursts by 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX) in the CA3 region of the in vitro hippocampus.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Male; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reaction Time | 1988 |
Quinoxalinediones selectively block quisqualate and kainate receptors and synaptic events in rat neocortex and hippocampus and frog spinal cord in vitro.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Anura; Cerebral Cortex; Electric Stimulation; Epilepsy; Evoked Potentials; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Oxadiazoles; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Spinal Cord; Synapses | 1988 |
Functional kainate-selective glutamate receptors in cultured hippocampal neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Calcium; Cell Membrane Permeability; Cells, Cultured; Embryo, Mammalian; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate | 1993 |
Pharmacological evidence for involvement of excitatory amino acids in aversive responses induced by intrathecal substance P in rats.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Biphenyl Compounds; Injections, Spinal; Kainic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurokinin-1; Substance P | 1993 |
AMPA/kainate antagonists in the nucleus accumbens inhibit locomotor stimulatory response to cocaine and dopamine agonists.
Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Cocaine; Dopamine; Dopamine Agents; Dopamine Antagonists; Ergolines; Glutamine; Injections; Kainic Acid; Male; Motor Activity; Nerve Endings; Nucleus Accumbens; Quinoxalines; Quinpirole; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid | 1993 |
Evaluation of the mechanisms underlying the kainate-induced impairment of [3H]dopamine release in the rat striatum.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dopamine; Electric Stimulation; Kainic Acid; Ketamine; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Neurons, Afferent; Pipecolic Acids; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 1993 |
Neuronal damage induced by beta-N-oxalylamino-L-alanine, in the rat hippocampus, can be prevented by a non-NMDA antagonist, 2,3-dihydroxy-6-nitro-7-sulfamoyl-benzo(F)quinoxaline.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Amino Acids, Diamino; Animals; beta-Alanine; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 1993 |
Differential effects of NBQX on the distal and local toxicity of glutamate agonists administered intra-hippocampally.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Cell Death; Diazepam; Hippocampus; Injections; Kainic Acid; Limbic System; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate | 1993 |
Metabotropic and ionotropic excitatory amino acid receptor agonists induce different behavioral effects in mice.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cycloleucine; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Male; Mice; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, Glutamate; Seizures | 1993 |
Evidence that GYKI 52466, a novel non-NMDA antagonist enhances the decay of kainate-induced current in cultured chicken cortical neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Cerebral Cortex; Chick Embryo; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Ion Channels; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Quinoxalines | 1994 |
A comparison of non-NMDA receptor channels in type-2 astrocytes and granule cells from rat cerebellum.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Astrocytes; Calcium; Cerebellum; Concanavalin A; Cytoplasmic Granules; Electrophysiology; In Vitro Techniques; Ion Channels; Kainic Acid; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Amino Acid | 1994 |
Non-NMDA receptor-mediated regulation of hypothalamic dopaminergic neurons in the rat.
Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; alpha-MSH; Animals; Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus; Dopamine; Female; Hypothalamus; Kainic Acid; Male; Median Eminence; Neostriatum; Neurons; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Prolactin; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, AMPA; Substantia Nigra | 1994 |
Expression of non-NMDA glutamate receptor channel genes by clonal human neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Base Sequence; Blotting, Southern; Cell Differentiation; Clone Cells; DNA Primers; Gene Expression; Humans; Ion Channels; Kainic Acid; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Molecular Sequence Data; Neurons; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Teratocarcinoma; Tretinoin; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 1994 |
The effect of experimental ischaemia and excitatory amino acid agonists on the GABA and serotonin immunoreactivities in the rabbit retina.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Cycloleucine; Dextromethorphan; Eye Proteins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Intraocular Pressure; Ischemia; Kainic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Memantine; N-Methylaspartate; Oxygen; Potassium Cyanide; Quinoxalines; Rabbits; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Retina; Retinal Vessels; Serotonin | 1994 |
2,3-Dihydroxy-6-nitro-7-sulfamoyl-benzo(f)quinoxaline protects against both AMPA and kainate-induced lesions in rat striatum in vivo.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Biomarkers; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Corpus Striatum; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Kainic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Degeneration; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate | 1994 |
Kainate binding to the AMPA receptor in rat brain.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Cell Membrane; Cytosol; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Male; Protein Binding; Quinoxalines; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA | 1994 |
The effects of L-glutamate, AMPA, quisqualate, and kainate on retinal horizontal cells depend on adaptational state: implications for rod-cone interactions.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adaptation, Physiological; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Dopamine; Electric Conductivity; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Kainic Acid; Light; Male; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Retina; Retinal Rod Photoreceptor Cells; Xenopus laevis | 1994 |
Effects of L-glutamate on the responses to nerve stimulation in rat isolated atria.
Topics: Adrenergic Fibers; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Atrial Function; Electric Stimulation; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Heart Atria; Heart Rate; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; N-Methylaspartate; Norepinephrine; Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 1994 |
Comparative patch clamp studies on the kinetics and selectivity of glutamate receptor antagonism by 2,3-dihydroxy-6-nitro-7-sulfamoyl-benzo(F)quinoxaline (NBQX) and 1-(4-amino-phenyl)-4-methyl-7,8-methyl-endioxyl-5H-2,3-benzodiaze pine (GYKI 52466).
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Cells, Cultured; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Superior Colliculi | 1994 |
Synergy between diazepam and NBQX in preventing neuronal death caused by non-NMDA agonists.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Cell Death; Diazepam; Drug Synergism; Kainic Acid; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA | 1994 |
NBQX prevents contralateral but not ipsilateral seizure-induced cytotoxicity of kainate but not AMPA-reversal at high doses of NBQX.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Cell Death; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Seizures | 1994 |
The importance of two specific domains in ligand binding to the AMPA/kainate glutamate receptors GluR2 and GluR6.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Binding Sites; Blotting, Western; Calcium; Cell Line; Cricetinae; Gene Expression; Kainic Acid; Kidney; Quinoxalines; Radioligand Assay; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Transfection; Tritium | 1995 |
A glutamate-activated chloride current in cone-driven ON bipolar cells of the white perch retina.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Chloride Channels; Chlorides; Cycloleucine; Dendrites; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Neurotoxins; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Perches; Picrotoxin; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Retina; Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells; Strychnine | 1995 |
Properties of AMPA receptors expressed in rat cerebellar granule cell cultures: Ca2+ influx studies.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Benzothiadiazines; Calcium; Calcium Radioisotopes; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Cobalt; Concanavalin A; Excitatory Amino Acids; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Wheat Germ Agglutinins | 1995 |
Characterization of the binding of [3H]NS 257, a novel competitive AMPA receptor antagonist, to rat brain membranes and brain sections.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Autoradiography; Binding, Competitive; Cell Membrane; Cerebral Cortex; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Indoles; Kainic Acid; Male; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Sulfonamides; Thiocyanates; Tritium | 1995 |
AMPA elicits long-lasting, partly hypothermia-sensitive calcium responses in acutely dissociated or cultured embryonic brainstem cells.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Biological Transport; Brain Stem; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cytosol; Hot Temperature; Kainic Acid; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Signal Transduction; Time Factors | 1994 |
AMPA-type glutamate receptors in glial precursor cells of the rat corpus callosum: ionic and pharmacological properties.
Topics: Animals; Benzothiadiazines; Calcium; Chlorides; Concanavalin A; Corpus Callosum; Diuretics; Evans Blue; Kainic Acid; Neuroglia; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Sodium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors; Zinc Compounds | 1995 |
Synthesis of 1,4,7,8,9,10-hexahydro-9-methyl-6-nitropyrido[3,4-f]- quinoxaline-2,3-dione and related quinoxalinediones: characterization of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (and N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptor and anticonvulsant act
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Binding Sites; Binding, Competitive; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Computer Graphics; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glycine; Kainic Acid; Mice; Models, Molecular; Molecular Structure; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Regression Analysis; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1995 |
PYY in brain stem nuclei induces vagal stimulation of gastric acid secretion in rats.
Topics: Animals; Brain Stem; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Gastric Acid; Gastric Mucosa; Gastrointestinal Hormones; Kainic Acid; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Microinjections; Organ Specificity; Peptide YY; Peptides; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Serotonin Receptor Agonists; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone; Time Factors; Vagus Nerve | 1995 |
6,7-Dinitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione but not MK-801 exerts a protective effect against kainic acid neurotoxicity in the goldfish retina.
Topics: Animals; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Dizocilpine Maleate; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Goldfish; Immunohistochemistry; Kainic Acid; Microscopy, Electron; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Quinoxalines; Retina | 1995 |
Cyclothiazide reverses AMPA receptor antagonism of the 2,3-benzodiazepine, GYKI 53655.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Benzodiazepines; Benzothiadiazines; Cerebral Cortex; Diuretics; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Sodium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors | 1993 |
NBQX inhibits AMPA-induced locomotion after injection into the nucleus accumbens.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Ibotenic Acid; Injections; Kainic Acid; Motor Activity; Nucleus Accumbens; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate | 1993 |
Single channel recordings of reconstituted AMPA receptors reveal low and high conductance states.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Cell Membrane; Electric Conductivity; Ibotenic Acid; Ion Channels; Kainic Acid; Lipid Bilayers; Prosencephalon; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Regression Analysis | 1993 |
Activation of nociceptive reflexes by peripheral kainate receptors.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Morphine; Neurons, Afferent; Nociceptors; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Reflex; Ruthenium Red; Spinal Cord | 1993 |
Glutamate receptor agonists enhance the expression of BDNF mRNA in cultured cerebellar granule cells.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Kynurenic Acid; Molecular Weight; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Growth Factors; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA; RNA, Messenger; Tetrodotoxin; Transcription, Genetic | 1993 |
Electrophysiological evidence for the existence of NMDA and non-NMDA receptors on rat ventral tegmental dopamine neurons.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Amino Acids; Animals; Electrophysiology; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Pipecolic Acids; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tegmentum Mesencephali | 1993 |
Glutamate receptor-induced cyclic GMP formation in primary cultures of mesencephalic neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Amino Acid Oxidoreductases; Animals; Arginine; Carbachol; Cells, Cultured; Cyclic GMP; Fetus; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Mesencephalon; Mice; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitroarginine; Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate | 1993 |
Voltage- and transmitter-gated currents of all-amacrine cells in a slice preparation of the rat retina.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Cobalt; Electrophysiology; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Ion Channel Gating; Ion Channels; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Potassium Channels; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Amino Acid; Retina; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Sodium Channels; Strychnine; Synapses; Tetraethylammonium; Tetraethylammonium Compounds; Tetrodotoxin | 1993 |
Characterization of the metabotropic glutamate receptor in mouse cerebellar granule cells: lack of effect of 2,3-dihydroxy-6-nitro-7-sulphamoylbenzo(F)-quinoxaline (NBQX).
Topics: Alanine; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; GTP-Binding Proteins; Hydrolysis; Ibotenic Acid; Inositol Phosphates; Kainic Acid; Mice; Neurons; Pertussis Toxin; Phosphatidylinositols; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, Glutamate; Virulence Factors, Bordetella | 1993 |
NMDA receptors mediate neuronal burst firing in rat somatosensory cortex in vivo.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Ibotenic Acid; Iontophoresis; Kainic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Somatosensory Cortex | 1993 |
Identification of glutamate receptor subtypes mediating inputs to bipolar cells and ganglion cells in the tiger salamander retina.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Ambystoma; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Glutamates; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Photic Stimulation; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Retina; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Synapses | 1993 |
Glutamate stimulates glucagon secretion via an excitatory amino acid receptor of the AMPA subtype in rat pancreas.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Glucagon; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Islets of Langerhans; Kainic Acid; Male; Pancreas; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1993 |
Non-NMDA receptors in the rostral ventrolateral medulla mediate somatosympathetic pressor responses.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Amino Acids; Animals; Blood Pressure; Electric Stimulation; Female; Histocytochemistry; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Medulla Oblongata; Neurons, Afferent; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sciatic Nerve; Sympathetic Nervous System; Vagotomy | 1993 |
Excitatory amino acid receptor mediation of sensory inputs to functionally identified dorsal horn neurons in cat spinal cord.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Cats; Decerebrate State; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Ketamine; Kynurenic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spinal Cord; Synapses | 1993 |
Glutamate receptor-mediated currents and toxicity in embryonal carcinoma cells.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Carcinoma, Embryonal; Cell Differentiation; Dizocilpine Maleate; Electrophysiology; Female; Immunohistochemistry; Indicators and Reagents; Ion Channels; Kainic Acid; Mice; N-Methylaspartate; Neuroglia; Neurons; Pregnancy; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tretinoin; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 1993 |
Gamma-D-glutamylaminomethyl sulfonic acid (GAMS) distinguishes kainic acid- from AMPA-induced responses in Xenopus oocytes expressing chick brain glutamate receptors.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Chick Embryo; Electrophysiology; Glutamine; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Oocytes; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; RNA, Messenger; Xenopus | 1993 |
Anticonvulsant activity of AMPA/kainate antagonists: comparison of GYKI 52466 and NBOX in maximal electroshock and chemoconvulsant seizure models.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Binding, Competitive; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electroshock; Hindlimb; Kainic Acid; Male; Mice; Pentylenetetrazole; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Seizures | 1993 |
Accumulation of extracellular glutamate by inhibition of its uptake is not sufficient for inducing neuronal damage: an in vivo microdialysis study.
Topics: Animals; Cell Death; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Corpus Striatum; Dicarboxylic Acids; Dizocilpine Maleate; Extracellular Space; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; Pyrrolidines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 1995 |
Modulation of D-[2,3 3H]aspartate release from rat forebrain slices by non-NMDA receptor agonists and antagonists.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Aspartic Acid; Benzodiazepines; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Prosencephalon; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tritium | 1995 |
Characteristics and localization of high-affinity kainate sites in slide-mounted sections of rat cerebellum.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Binding, Competitive; Cerebellum; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Male; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Tritium | 1994 |
Comparison of the superfused efflux of preaccumulated D-[3H]aspartate and endogenous L-aspartate and L-glutamate from rat cerebrocortical minislices.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Biological Transport; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Male; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stereoisomerism; Tetrodotoxin | 1994 |
Effects of glutamatergic agonists and antagonists on membrane potential and intracellular Na+ activity of leech glial and nerve cells.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Kainic Acid; Leeches; Membrane Potentials; Neuroglia; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Sodium | 1994 |
Ca2+ influx into leech glial cells and neurones caused by pharmacologically distinct glutamate receptors.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Intracellular Membranes; Kainic Acid; Leeches; Neuroglia; Neurons; Nickel; Osmolar Concentration; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, Glutamate; Sodium | 1994 |
Interaction of guanine nucleotides with [3H]kainate and 6-[3H]cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione binding in goldfish brain.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adenine Nucleotides; Animals; Autoradiography; Binding Sites; Brain; Cell Membrane; Goldfish; Guanine Nucleotides; Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate); Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Magnesium; Quinoxalines; Radioligand Assay; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Sodium; Tritium | 1993 |
Stress-induced dopamine release in the neostriatum: evaluation of the role of action potentials in nigrostriatal dopamine neurons or local initiation by endogenous excitatory amino acids.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Electroshock; Homovanillic Acid; Kainic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Neostriatum; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stress, Psychological; Substantia Nigra; Tetrodotoxin | 1993 |
Excitatory amino acid-induced phosphoinositide hydrolysis in Müller glia.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Chickens; Dizocilpine Maleate; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hydrolysis; Inositol Phosphates; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Neuroglia; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, Amino Acid; Retina; Tritium | 1993 |
Picolinic acid modulates kainic acid-evoked glutamate release from the striatum in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Corpus Striatum; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Picolinic Acids; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 1993 |
Neonatal irradiation prevents the formation of hippocampal mossy fibers and the epileptic action of kainate on rat CA3 pyramidal neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Bicuculline; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Epilepsy; Gamma Rays; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Nerve Fibers; Neurons, Afferent; Potassium; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 1994 |
Formation and electrophysiological actions of the arachidonic acid metabolites, hepoxilins, at nanomolar concentrations in rat hippocampal slices.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; 8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid; Animals; Electrophysiology; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Male; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA-B | 1994 |
Release of 3H-noradrenaline by excitatory amino acids from rat mediobasal hypothalamus and the influence of aging.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aging; Amino Acids; Animals; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hypothalamus, Middle; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Norepinephrine; Quinoxalines; Rats; Tritium | 1994 |
Domoic acid induced release of [3H]GABA in cultured chick retina cells.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Chick Embryo; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Kainic Acid; Neurotoxins; Nicotinic Acids; Nipecotic Acids; Oximes; Quinoxalines; Retina | 1994 |
Glutamate agonists and [3H]GABA release from rat hippocampal slices: involvement of metabotropic glutamate receptors in the quisqualate-evoked release.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Dizocilpine Maleate; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1994 |
The anterior pituitary gland as a possible site of action of kainic acid.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Age Factors; Animals; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Kainic Acid; Luteinizing Hormone; Male; Morphine; Pituitary Gland, Anterior; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Kainic Acid | 1994 |
The effect of kainic acid on the release of GABA in rat neostriatum and substantia nigra.
Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Injections; Kainic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Neostriatum; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Substantia Nigra | 1994 |
Kainic acid stimulates uptake of divalent cations in postnatal cochlear neurons.
Topics: Animals; Cations, Divalent; Cobalt; Cochlea; Cricetinae; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Organ Culture Techniques; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1994 |
Kainate injury to cultured basal forebrain cholinergic neurons is Ca2+ dependent.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Cobalt; Dizocilpine Maleate; Fetus; Immunohistochemistry; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Mice; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Prosencephalon; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Time Factors | 1994 |
Regulation of BDNF promoters in the rat hippocampus.
Topics: Animals; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Dizocilpine Maleate; Exons; Gene Expression Regulation; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Male; Nerve Growth Factors; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Ribonucleases; RNA, Messenger | 1994 |
Dose-dependent reduction of tissue loss and functional impairment after spinal cord trauma with the AMPA/kainate antagonist NBQX.
Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Kainic Acid; Osmolar Concentration; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Spinal Cord; Spinal Cord Injuries | 1994 |
Pre- and post-synaptic modulators of excitatory neurotransmission: comparative effects on hypoxia/hypoglycemia in cortical cultures.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Benzopyrans; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cell Hypoxia; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Cromakalim; Diazoxide; Embryo, Mammalian; Glutamates; Hypoglycemia; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Neurons; Potassium Channels; Pyrroles; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Time Factors | 1994 |
A comparison of the actions of agonists and antagonists at non-NMDA receptors of C fibres and motoneurones of the immature rat spinal cord in vitro.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Concanavalin A; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Motor Neurons; Nerve Fibers; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Amino Acid; Spinal Cord | 1993 |
The effects of intrathecal administration of excitatory amino acid agonists and antagonists on the initiation of locomotion in the adult cat.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Cats; Decerebrate State; Electromyography; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hindlimb; Injections, Spinal; Kainic Acid; Laminectomy; Locomotion; Motor Activity; Muscles; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Spinal Cord; Time Factors | 1993 |
Monosynaptic GABA-mediated inhibitory postsynaptic potentials in CA1 pyramidal cells of hyperexcitable hippocampal slices from kainic acid-treated rats.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Baclofen; Evoked Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Neurons; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA-A; Synapses | 1993 |
Involvement of excitatory amino acids in the activity of swallowing-related neurons of the ventro-lateral medulla.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Decerebrate State; Deglutition; Dipeptides; Electric Stimulation; Kainic Acid; Male; Medulla Oblongata; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Amino Acid | 1993 |
Two functionally different glutamate receptors of the kainate subtype in embryonic rat mesencephalic cells.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Embryonic and Fetal Development; Female; Flow Cytometry; Gestational Age; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Mesencephalon; Pregnancy; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Sodium Channels; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine | 1993 |
Zinc enhances kainate neurotoxicity in the rat brain.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Brain; Drug Synergism; Kainic Acid; Male; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Zinc | 1993 |
In vivo regulation of extracellular dopamine in the neostriatum: influence of impulse activity and local excitatory amino acids.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Biological Transport; Corpus Striatum; Dialysis; Dopamine; Exocytosis; Extracellular Space; Kainic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Microchemistry; Models, Neurological; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Endings; Neurotoxins; Prosencephalon; Quinoxalines; Rats; Substantia Nigra; Tetrodotoxin | 1993 |
GYKI 52466 protects against non-NMDA receptor-mediated excitotoxicity in primary rat hippocampal cultures.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Cells, Cultured; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Neurotoxins; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid | 1993 |
High-affinity kainate binding sites in living slices of rat neocortex: characterization and regulation.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Age Factors; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Cerebral Cortex; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Veratridine | 1993 |
Kainate elicits elevated nuclear calcium signals in retinal neurons via calcium-induced calcium release.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Caffeine; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Kainic Acid; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Signal Transduction; Sodium | 1993 |
Benzothiadiazides inhibit rapid glutamate receptor desensitization and enhance glutamatergic synaptic currents.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Benzothiadiazines; Cell Line; Cells, Cultured; Diazoxide; Diuretics; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Hippocampus; Humans; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Molecular Structure; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Structure-Activity Relationship; Synapses; Time Factors | 1993 |
Cytoplasmic calcium buffer, calbindin-D28k, is regulated by excitatory amino acids.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Calbindin 1; Calbindins; Calcium; Cerebellar Cortex; Cytoplasm; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Purkinje Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; S100 Calcium Binding Protein G; Up-Regulation | 1993 |
Kainic acid-induced seizures and brain damage in the rat: different effects of NMDA- and AMPA receptor antagonists.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Dizocilpine Maleate; Drug Synergism; Kainic Acid; Male; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Seizures; Survival Rate | 1993 |
Regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression and release from hippocampal neurons is mediated by non-NMDA type glutamate receptors.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Female; Hippocampus; Immunohistochemistry; In Situ Hybridization; Kainic Acid; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Growth Factor; RNA, Messenger; Tissue Distribution | 1994 |
A novel non-NMDA receptor antagonist shows selective displacement of low-affinity [3H]kainate binding.
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Calcium; Calcium Chloride; Cerebral Cortex; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Indoles; Kainic Acid; Male; Membranes; Molecular Structure; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Oximes; Quinoxalines; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tritium | 1993 |
Interaction between excitatory and inhibitory amino acids in the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus in inducing hyper-running.
Topics: Animals; Bicuculline; Female; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Kainic Acid; Microinjections; Motor Activity; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA-A; Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus | 1993 |
Cardiovascular responses to global cerebral ischemia: role of excitatory amino acids in the ventrolateral medullary pressor area.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Amino Acids; Animals; Antidiuretic Hormone Receptor Antagonists; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Brain Ischemia; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamates; Heart Rate; Kainic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Muscimol; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Vasopressin; Vasopressins | 1993 |
Characterization of the glutamate receptors mediating release of somatostatin from cultured hippocampal neurons.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cycloleucine; Dizocilpine Maleate; Drug Synergism; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Somatostatin; Tetrodotoxin | 1996 |
AMPA receptors shape Ca2+ responses in cortical oligodendrocyte progenitors and CG-4 cells.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Benzothiadiazines; Calcium; Cell Line; Cells, Cultured; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Oligodendroglia; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Time Factors | 1995 |
Structure-activity relationships in a series of 2(1H)-quinolones bearing different acidic function in the 3-position: 6,7-dichloro-2(1H)-oxoquinoline-3-phosphonic acid, a new potent and selective AMPA/kainate antagonist with neuroprotective properties.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Gerbillinae; Kainic Acid; Mice; Molecular Structure; N-Methylaspartate; Neuroprotective Agents; Organophosphonates; Quinolones; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Structure-Activity Relationship; Xenopus | 1996 |
Calcium-dependent free radical generation in cultured retinal neurons injured by kainate.
Topics: Animals; Arginine; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Free Radicals; Kainic Acid; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Neurons; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitroarginine; Oxypurinol; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Retina; Xanthine Oxidase | 1995 |
Kainate produces concentration-dependent elevation of glutamate release but not cGMP levels in cultured neuron.
Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Cerebellum; Cyclic GMP; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Piperazines; Quinoxalines | 1996 |
Cytotoxic effects of kainate ligands on HEK cell lines expressing recombinant kainate receptors.
Topics: Cell Line; Cell Survival; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Kainic Acid; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Ligands; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Recombinant Proteins | 1996 |
Different characteristics of AMPA receptor agonists acting at AMPA receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Kainic Acid; Oocytes; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Xenopus laevis | 1996 |
Positive role of non-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in the control of growth hormone secretion in male rats.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cells, Cultured; Dizocilpine Maleate; Estradiol; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Growth Hormone; Kainic Acid; Male; Orchiectomy; Pituitary Gland, Anterior; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1996 |
Characterization of YM90K, a selective and potent antagonist of AMPA receptors, in rat cortical mRNA-injected Xenopus oocytes.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Cerebral Cortex; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Kainic Acid; Male; Oocytes; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA | 1996 |
A role for presynaptic AMPA receptors in the enhancement of neuronal glutamate release by kainic acid.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Neurons; Prosencephalon; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Presynaptic | 1996 |
Studies of NMDA- and non-NMDA-mediated neurotoxicity in cultured neurons.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acids; Kainic Acid; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1996 |
Synthesis of chiral 1-(2'-amino-2'-carboxyethyl)-1,4-dihydro-6,7-quinoxaline-2,3-diones: alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionate receptor agonists and antagonists.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Brain; Kainic Acid; Norepinephrine; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid | 1996 |
Noninvasive assessment of the relative roles of cerebral antioxidant enzymes by quantitation of pentose phosphate pathway activity.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Carbon Isotopes; Caudate Nucleus; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Deferoxamine; Deuterium; Dizocilpine Maleate; Fetus; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Glucose; Hydrogen Peroxide; Iron; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; N-Methylaspartate; Neuroglia; Neurons; Pentose Phosphate Pathway; Putamen; Quinoxalines; Rats | 1996 |
In vivo release of taurine from rat neostriatum and substantia nigra.
Topics: Animals; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Male; Models, Neurological; Neostriatum; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Substantia Nigra; Taurine; Tetrodotoxin | 1996 |
Kainic acid induces apoptosis in neurons.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Apoptosis; Cell Nucleus; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Dizocilpine Maleate; DNA; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Methionine; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Time Factors | 1996 |
Kainic acid, AMPA, and dihydrokainic acid effect on uptake and efflux of D-[3H] aspartic acid in cerebellar slices.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cerebellum; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tetrodotoxin; Tritium | 1996 |
Effects of glutamate receptor agonists and antagonists on Ca2+ uptake in rat hippocampal slices lesioned by glucose deprivation or by kainate.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Calcium; Cycloleucine; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glucose; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Neuroprotective Agents; Organ Culture Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate; Synaptic Transmission | 1997 |
A new non-NMDA antagonist modifies the local cerebral glucose utilization in kainate-induced generalized seizure.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Dizocilpine Maleate; Glucose; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures | 1997 |
K+ channel expression and cell proliferation are regulated by intracellular sodium and membrane depolarization in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells.
Topics: Animals; Calcimycin; Calcium; Cell Division; Cell Membrane; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Embryo, Mammalian; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Oligodendroglia; Phenotype; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; Potassium; Potassium Channels; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium; Stem Cells; Tretinoin; Up-Regulation; Veratridine | 1997 |
Non-NMDA but not NMDA blockade at deep prepiriform cortex protects against hippocampal cell death in status epilepticus.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Cell Death; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Olfactory Pathways; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reproducibility of Results; Status Epilepticus | 1997 |
A new extracellular multirecording system for electrophysiological studies: application to hippocampal organotypic cultures.
Topics: Animals; Bicuculline; Dexamethasone; Electrophysiology; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; Glucocorticoids; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Microelectrodes; Organ Culture Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rats; Reproducibility of Results; Tetrodotoxin | 1997 |
Regulation of cerebral microvessels by glutamatergic mechanisms.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cycloleucine; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Male; Microcirculation; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Synapses; Vasoconstriction; Vasodilation | 1997 |
Estimation of the relative potency of two glycine antagonists on NMDA-induced depolarizations in BRSC and ARCS.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Kainic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Potassium Chloride; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spinal Cord; Synaptic Transmission | 1997 |
Differential desensitization of ionotropic non-NMDA receptors having distinct neuronal location and function.
Topics: Acetylcholine; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Benzothiadiazines; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Choline; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Male; Norepinephrine; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Serotonin; Synaptosomes | 1997 |
Domoic acid neurotoxicity in cultured cerebellar granule neurons is mediated predominantly by NMDA receptors that are activated as a consequence of excitatory amino acid release.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Culture Media, Conditioned; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acids; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tetrodotoxin | 1997 |
Neuropeptide Y release from cultured hippocampal neurons: stimulation by glutamate acting at N-methyl-D-aspartate and AMPA receptors.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antibody Specificity; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzodiazepines; Benzothiadiazines; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Magnesium; Neurons; Neuropeptide Y; Quinoxalines; Radioimmunoassay; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tetrodotoxin | 1997 |
A new nonNMDA antagonist modifies the local cerebral glucose utilization in kainate-induced generalized seizure.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Brain; Deoxyglucose; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glucose; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Male; Nerve Net; Neuroprotective Agents; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures | 1997 |
5-(N-oxyaza)-7-substituted-1,4-dihydroquinoxaline-2,3-diones: novel, systemically active and broad spectrum antagonists for NMDA/glycine, AMPA, and kainate receptors.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Kainic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Mice; Mice, Inbred DBA; Quinoxalines; Rats | 1997 |
Neuronal damage and MAP2 changes induced by the glutamate transport inhibitor dihydrokainate and by kainate in rat hippocampus in vivo.
Topics: Animals; Biological Transport; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Immunohistochemistry; Kainic Acid; Male; Microtubule-Associated Proteins; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 1997 |
Sublethal oxygen-glucose deprivation alters hippocampal neuronal AMPA receptor expression and vulnerability to kainate-induced death.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Calcium; Cell Death; Cell Hypoxia; Cells, Cultured; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Gene Expression; Glucose; Hippocampus; Ischemic Preconditioning; Kainic Acid; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; RNA, Messenger; Spider Venoms | 1997 |
Measurement of intracellular free zinc in living cortical neurons: routes of entry.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Biological Transport; Calcimycin; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels; Cells, Cultured; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fluorescent Dyes; Fura-2; Ionophores; Kainic Acid; Magnesium; Membrane Potentials; Mice; N-Methylaspartate; Neocortex; Neurons; Nimodipine; Quinoxalines; Sodium-Calcium Exchanger; Zinc | 1997 |
Physiological unmasking of new glutamatergic pathways in the dentate gyrus of hippocampal slices from kainate-induced epileptic rats.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Bicuculline; Dentate Gyrus; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Epilepsy; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Male; Motor Activity; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA-A; Reference Values | 1998 |
Apoptosis is induced by excitotoxicity in goldfish retina.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Dizocilpine Maleate; DNA Fragmentation; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Goldfish; Kainic Acid; Microscopy, Electron; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Retina | 1997 |
Distribution and properties of kainate receptors distinct in the CA3 region of the hippocampus of the guinea pig.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Microinjections; Pressure; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Time Factors | 1998 |
The AMPA-receptor antagonist YM90K reduces AMPA receptor-mediated excitotoxicity in rat hippocampal cultures.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Benzothiadiazines; Cells, Cultured; Diuretics; Drug Interactions; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Sodium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors | 1998 |
Neuroprotective effects of NMDA receptor glycine recognition site antagonism: dependence on glycine concentration.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Kainic Acid; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Neuroprotective Agents; Osmolar Concentration; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1998 |
Action of excitatory amino acids on hypodermis and the motornervous system of Ascaris suum: pharmacological evidence for a glutamate transporter.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Ascaris suum; Aspartic Acid; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Biological Transport, Active; Calcium; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Conductivity; Epithelium; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acids; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Microelectrodes; Motor Neurons; Quinoxalines; Sodium | 1998 |
Binding characteristics of a potent AMPA receptor antagonist [3H]Ro 48-8587 in rat brain.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Brain Chemistry; Dizocilpine Maleate; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Imidazoles; In Situ Hybridization; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Quinazolines; Quinoxalines; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, AMPA; RNA, Messenger; Tritium | 1998 |
The effect of excitatory aminoacids on GABA release from mediobasal hypothalamus of female rats.
Topics: Animals; Depression, Chemical; Diestrus; Drug Implants; Estradiol; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acids; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hypothalamus; Interneurons; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Ovariectomy; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1998 |
Characterization of temperature rise of the brain and the rectum following intracerebroventricular administration of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionate and kainate in rats.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Animals; Body Temperature; Brain; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Indomethacin; Injections, Intraventricular; Kainic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rectum | 1998 |
Guanine nucleotides protect against kainate toxicity in an ex vivo chick retinal preparation.
Topics: Animals; Binding Sites; Cell Membrane; Chick Embryo; Culture Techniques; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Guanine Nucleotides; Kainic Acid; Quinoxalines; Retina | 1998 |
Low-affinity kainate receptors and long-lasting depression of NMDA-receptor-mediated currents in rat superficial dorsal horn.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Calcium; Cycloleucine; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Ganglia, Spinal; Glutamic Acid; Indoles; Ion Channel Gating; Kainic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons, Afferent; Neuroprotective Agents; Oximes; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spinal Cord; Spinal Nerve Roots; Synaptic Transmission | 1998 |
Role of excitatory amino acid pathways in control of gonadotrophin secretion in adult female rats sterilized by neonatal administration of oestradiol or testosterone.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Anovulation; Dizocilpine Maleate; Estradiol; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acids; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Gonadotropins, Pituitary; Kainic Acid; Luteinizing Hormone; N-Methylaspartate; Ovariectomy; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Testosterone | 1998 |
Differential roles for NMDA and non-NMDA receptor subtypes in baroreceptor afferent integration in the nucleus of the solitary tract of the rat.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Blood Pressure; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Iontophoresis; Kainic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons, Afferent; Phenylephrine; Pressoreceptors; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Solitary Nucleus; Synapses; Vasoconstrictor Agents | 1998 |
In-vitro characterization of YM872, a selective, potent and highly water-soluble alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionate receptor antagonist.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Buffers; Cells, Cultured; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Hippocampus; Imidazoles; Kainic Acid; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Oocytes; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Solubility; Xenopus laevis | 1998 |
Calcium influx via ionotropic glutamate receptors causes long lasting inhibition of metabotropic glutamate receptor-coupled phosphoinositide hydrolysis.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GTP-Binding Proteins; Hydrolysis; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Phosphatidylinositols; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sodium Fluoride | 1998 |
Mossy fibre innervation is not required for the development of kainic acid toxicity in organotypic hippocampal slice cultures.
Topics: Animals; Cell Death; Cell Survival; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Microelectrodes; Mossy Fibers, Hippocampal; N-Methylaspartate; Neural Pathways; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate; Time Factors; Valine | 1998 |
NMDA and AMPA receptors evoke transmitter release from noradrenergic axon terminals in the rat spinal cord.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Benzothiadiazines; Concanavalin A; Dizocilpine Maleate; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Norepinephrine; Presynaptic Terminals; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spinal Cord; Tetrodotoxin | 1998 |
Sexual differences in the role of kainate receptors in controlling gonadotrophin secretion in prepubertal rats.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Gonadotropins, Pituitary; Kainic Acid; Luteinizing Hormone; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Orchiectomy; Ovariectomy; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sex Factors; Sexual Maturation | 1998 |
Distinct roles for sodium, chloride, and calcium in excitotoxic dendritic injury and recovery.
Topics: Animals; Brain Injuries; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Chlorides; Coculture Techniques; Cytosol; Dendrites; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Kainic Acid; Mice; Microscopy, Fluorescence; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Sodium; Veratridine | 1998 |
Direct glutamate-mediated presynaptic inhibition of sensory afferents by the postsynaptic motor neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Astacoidea; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Feedback; Female; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Motor Neurons; Neural Inhibition; Neurons, Afferent; Picrotoxin; Presynaptic Terminals; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tetrodotoxin | 1998 |
Serum deprivation-induced apoptosis in cultured hippocampi is prevented by kainate.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Apoptosis; Culture Media, Serum-Free; Cycloheximide; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Organ Culture Techniques; Picrotoxin; Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 1998 |
Efferent pathways involved in the running activity originate in the ventromedial hypothalamus of the rat.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Gait; Kainic Acid; Male; Neurons, Efferent; Neurotransmitter Agents; Pons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Running; Thalamic Nuclei; Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus | 1998 |
Role of desensitization and subunit expression for kainate receptor-mediated neurotoxicity in murine neocortical cultures.
Topics: Animals; Benzodiazepines; Blotting, Western; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Kainic Acid; Mice; Neocortex; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Neurotoxins; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1999 |
Regulation of vasopressin release by ionotropic glutamate receptor agonists.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Dizocilpine Maleate; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Organ Culture Techniques; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Vasopressins | 1998 |
Consequences of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor blockade during status epilepticus in the developing brain.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Kainic Acid; Maze Learning; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Status Epilepticus | 1999 |
Ionotropic glutamate receptors in isolated horizontal cells of the rabbit retina.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Ion Channel Gating; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rabbits; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Retina | 1999 |
Vagally-regulated gastric motor activity: evidence for kainate and NMDA receptor mediation.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Brain Stem; Bronchodilator Agents; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Gastrointestinal Motility; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Male; Microinjections; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Stomach; Vagus Nerve | 1999 |
Activation of NMDA receptors protects against glutamate neurotoxicity in the retina: evidence for the involvement of neurotrophins.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Apoptosis; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Cycloleucine; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Growth Factors; Neuroprotective Agents; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Receptor, Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor; Retina | 1999 |
SPD 502: a water-soluble and in vivo long-lasting AMPA antagonist with neuroprotective activity.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Binding Sites; Binding, Competitive; Cell Membrane; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Electroshock; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glycine; Isoquinolines; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Male; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Molecular Structure; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pipecolic Acids; Pyrroles; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Seizures; Stereoisomerism; Tetrahydroisoquinolines | 1999 |
Effects of puerarin against glutamate excitotoxicity on cultured mouse cerebral cortical neurons.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Isoflavones; Kainic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Mice; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Quinoxalines; Sodium Glutamate | 1998 |
Involvement of NMDA and non-NMDA receptors in transmission of spinal visceral nociception in cat.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Cats; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Female; Kainic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Nociceptors; Pain; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spinal Cord; Splanchnic Nerves; Viscera | 1999 |
Role of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid receptors in the control of prolactin, growth hormone and gonadotropin secretion in prepubertal rats.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Domperidone; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Gonadotropins, Pituitary; Growth Hormone; Kainic Acid; Luteinizing Hormone; Male; Ovariectomy; Pituitary Gland, Anterior; Prolactin; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Dopamine; Sexual Maturation | 1999 |
Pharmacological characterization of a GluR6 kainate receptor in cultured hippocampal neurons.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Cell Line; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Gene Expression; GluK2 Kainate Receptor; Glutamates; Hippocampus; Humans; Isoquinolines; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Quinoxalines; Radioligand Assay; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Tetrazoles | 1999 |
Regulation of NMDA-stimulated [14C]GABA and [3H]acetylcholine release by striatal glutamate and dopamine receptors.
Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Acetylcholine; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Benzoates; Carbon Radioisotopes; Corpus Striatum; Cycloleucine; Dopamine Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Kainic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Proline; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Dopamine; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tritium | 1999 |
Excitotoxic effects of non-NMDA receptor agonists in organotypic corticostriatal slice cultures.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Kainic Acid; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Neocortex; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Organ Culture Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 1999 |
Intermediate zone cells express calcium-permeable AMPA receptors and establish close contact with growing axons.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Axons; Benzodiazepines; Biological Transport; Calbindins; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Cobalt; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gestational Age; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Inbred Strains; N-Methylaspartate; Neurites; Neurons; Prosencephalon; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; S100 Calcium Binding Protein G; Tetrodotoxin | 2000 |
Participation of NMDA and kainate receptors of paraventricular nucleus in cardiovascular responses to glutamate receptor agonist.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Blood Pressure; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Heart Rate; Hemodynamics; Kainic Acid; Male; Microinjections; N-Methylaspartate; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 2000 |
Endogenously generated spontaneous spiking activities recorded from postnatal spiral ganglion neurons in vitro.
Topics: Action Potentials; Age Factors; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Mice; Neurons, Afferent; Potassium Channels; Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Shaw Potassium Channels; Spiral Ganglion | 2000 |
Glutamate transport blockade has a differential effect on AMPA and NMDA receptor-mediated synaptic transmission in the developing barrel cortex.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Aspartic Acid; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Benzothiadiazines; Biological Transport; Dicarboxylic Acids; Diuretics; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; Picrotoxin; Pyrrolidines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sodium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors; Somatosensory Cortex; Synaptic Transmission; Thalamus | 2000 |
Functional GluR6 kainate receptors in the striatum: indirect downregulation of synaptic transmission.
Topics: Animals; Benzodiazepines; Corpus Striatum; Down-Regulation; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression; GluK2 Kainate Receptor; Kainic Acid; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2; Receptors, Kainic Acid; RNA, Messenger; Synaptic Transmission | 2000 |
Mutation of a glutamate receptor motif reveals its role in gating and delta2 receptor channel properties.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Substitution; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzodiazepines; Benzothiadiazines; Cell Line; Conserved Sequence; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Ion Channel Gating; Kainic Acid; Kidney; Mice; Mice, Neurologic Mutants; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Purkinje Cells; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Transfection | 2000 |
Topiramate blocks kainate-evoked cobalt influx into cultured neurons.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Calcium; Cations, Divalent; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Cobalt; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fructose; Kainic Acid; Magnesium; Mice; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Topiramate | 2000 |
Modulation of GABAergic signaling among interneurons by metabotropic glutamate receptors.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Interneurons; Kainic Acid; Neural Inhibition; Propionates; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Signal Transduction; Synaptic Transmission | 2000 |
Pharmacological and molecular characterization of glutamate receptors in the MIN6 pancreatic beta-cell line.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzodiazepines; Benzothiadiazines; Biological Transport; Calcium; Cell Survival; DNA Primers; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Islets of Langerhans; Kainic Acid; Protein Kinase C; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; Spider Venoms; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 2000 |
Mediation of ionotropic glutamate receptors in domoic acid-induced striatal dopamine release in rats.
Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dopamine; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Homovanillic Acid; Kainic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate | 2000 |
Motor stimulation following bilateral injection of the group-I metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist into the dorsal striatum of rats: evidence against dependence on ionotropic glutamate receptors.
Topics: Animals; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glycine; Kainic Acid; Male; Microinjections; Motor Activity; N-Methylaspartate; Neostriatum; Neurons; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Resorcinols; Stimulation, Chemical | 2000 |
Concentration-dependent substate behavior of native AMPA receptors.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Ion Channels; Kainic Acid; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Organ Culture Techniques; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Synaptic Membranes | 2000 |
Expression and conditioned inhibition of fear-potentiated startle after stimulation and blockade of AMPA/Kainate and GABA(A) receptors in the dorsal periaqueductal gray.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Animals; Conditioning, Classical; Electroshock; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fear; Kainic Acid; Light; Male; Microinjections; Periaqueductal Gray; Picrotoxin; Piperidines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Reflex, Startle | 2000 |
Mechanisms for activation and antagonism of an AMPA-sensitive glutamate receptor: crystal structures of the GluR2 ligand binding core.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Binding Sites; Crystallography, X-Ray; Dimerization; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Ligands; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Models, Molecular; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Protein Conformation; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Structure-Activity Relationship; Zinc | 2000 |
Ca2+-dependent kainate excitotoxicity in the chick embryonic neural retina ex vivo.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Chick Embryo; Chlorides; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Kainic Acid; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Quinoxalines; Retina | 2000 |
Blockade of AMPA/kainate receptors can either decrease or increase the survival of cultured neocortical cells depending on the stage of maturation.
Topics: Animals; Benzodiazepines; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Neocortex; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid | 2001 |
A kainate receptor increases the efficacy of GABAergic synapses.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Benzoates; Benzodiazepines; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; Enzyme Inhibitors; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Interneurons; Kainic Acid; Neurons; Protein Kinase C; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Staurosporine; Synapses; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Tetrodotoxin | 2001 |
Characterization of ionotropic glutamate receptors in human lymphocytes.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Adult; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Calcium; CD3 Complex; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Kainic Acid; Lymphocytes; N-Methylaspartate; Phytohemagglutinins; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate | 2001 |
Comparison of excitotoxic profiles of ATPA, AMPA, KA and NMDA in organotypic hippocampal slice cultures.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Isoxazoles; Kainic Acid; Microtubule-Associated Proteins; N-Methylaspartate; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Nissl Bodies; Nuclear Proteins; Propidium; Propionates; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2001 |
Chronic exposure of kainate and NBQX changes AMPA toxicity in hippocampal slice cultures.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cell Death; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Neurons; Organ Culture Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2001 |
Receptor mechanisms and circuitry underlying NMDA antagonist neurotoxicity.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Carbachol; Carbazoles; Cerebral Cortex; Clonidine; Dizocilpine Maleate; Drug Interactions; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Kainic Acid; Models, Neurological; Muscarinic Antagonists; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Phenazocine; Prosencephalon; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, sigma; Scopolamine | 2002 |
Correlation of the expression of kainate receptor subtypes to responses evoked in cultured cortical and spinal cord neurones.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Benzodiazepines; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Concanavalin A; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Gene Expression; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; Spinal Cord | 2002 |
Knocking out the glial glutamate transporter GLT-1 reduces glutamate uptake but does not affect hippocampal glutamate dynamics in early simulated ischaemia.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; N-Methylaspartate; Organ Culture Techniques; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 2002 |
Complestatin antagonizes the AMPA/kainate-induced neurotoxicity in cultured chick telencephalic neurons.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Chick Embryo; Chickens; Chlorophenols; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Kainic Acid; Neurons; Oligopeptides; Peptides, Cyclic; Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Staurosporine; Telencephalon; Time Factors | 2002 |
Ionotropic glutamate receptors mediate juvenile hormone synthesis in the cockroach, Diploptera punctata.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Calcium; Cockroaches; Corpora Allata; Cycloleucine; Cytosol; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Juvenile Hormones; Kainic Acid; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate | 2002 |
Facilitation of glutamate release by ionotropic glutamate receptors in osteoblasts.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cell Division; Cells, Cultured; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Osteoblasts; Potassium Chloride; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Skull | 2002 |
Domoic acid neurotoxicity in hippocampal slice cultures.
Topics: Animals; Culture Techniques; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Hippocampus; Indicators and Reagents; Kainic Acid; Microtubule-Associated Proteins; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Propidium; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2002 |
Ability of NMDA and non-NMDA receptor antagonists to inhibit cerebral ischemic damage in aged rats.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Infarction; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Kainic Acid; Male; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Telencephalon | 2003 |
Probing the function, conformational plasticity, and dimer-dimer contacts of the GluR2 ligand-binding core: studies of 5-substituted willardiines and GluR2 S1S2 in the crystal.
Topics: Alanine; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Binding Sites; Crystallography, X-Ray; Dimerization; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Kainic Acid; Ligands; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Models, Molecular; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Pyrimidinones; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Structure-Activity Relationship; Uracil | 2003 |
The AMPA receptor antagonist NBQX prolongs survival in a transgenic mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Topics: Age Factors; Alanine; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Interactions; Embryo, Mammalian; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Forelimb; Glycine; Hand Strength; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Motor Neurons; Psychomotor Performance; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA | 2003 |
GABA and glutamate receptors are involved in modulating pacemaker activity in hydra.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Biological Clocks; Culture Techniques; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Agonists; GABA Antagonists; GABA-A Receptor Agonists; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hydra; Kainic Acid; Quinoxalines; Receptors, GABA; Receptors, Glutamate | 2003 |
Involvement of nitric oxide on kainate-induced toxicity in oligodendrocyte precursors.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cell Count; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Culture Media; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Kainic Acid; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Oligodendroglia; Peroxynitrous Acid; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Spinal Cord; Stem Cells; Tyrosine | 2003 |
Testosterone amplifies excitotoxic damage of cultured oligodendrocytes.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Benzothiadiazines; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Drug Synergism; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Gene Expression; Kainic Acid; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Neurotoxins; Oligodendroglia; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Androgen; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Testosterone; Time Factors | 2004 |
Glutamate receptor-mediated oligodendrocyte toxicity in periventricular leukomalacia: a protective role for topiramate.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Cell Death; Cell Differentiation; Cell Division; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Erythroid Precursor Cells; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fructose; Gestational Age; Humans; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain; Infant, Newborn; Kainic Acid; Leukomalacia, Periventricular; Movement Disorders; Neuroprotective Agents; Oligodendroglia; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Topiramate; Treatment Outcome | 2004 |
NBQX or topiramate treatment after perinatal hypoxia-induced seizures prevents later increases in seizure-induced neuronal injury.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Cell Death; Disease Models, Animal; DNA Fragmentation; Fructose; Hippocampus; Hypoxia, Brain; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Kainic Acid; Male; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Receptors, AMPA; Seizures; Topiramate | 2004 |
Protective cap over CA1 synapses: extrasynaptic glutamate does not reach the postsynaptic density.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Aspartic Acid; Dizocilpine Maleate; Drug Interactions; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Models, Neurological; N-Methylaspartate; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Potassium Channel Blockers; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Synapses | 2004 |
Acute and late effects on induction of allodynia by acromelic acid, a mushroom poison related structurally to kainic acid.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Basidiomycota; Benzodiazepines; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Glutamates; Heterocyclic Compounds; Indoles; Injections, Spinal; Japan; Kainic Acid; Lumbosacral Region; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Mushroom Poisoning; Oximes; Pain; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spider Venoms; Spinal Cord; Stereoisomerism; Structure-Activity Relationship; Time Factors | 2004 |
Long-term synaptic changes induced in the cerebellar cortex by fear conditioning.
Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Behavior, Animal; Cerebellar Cortex; Conditioning, Psychological; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Fear; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Long-Term Potentiation; Motor Activity; Pain Measurement; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Purkinje Cells; Quinoxalines; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reaction Time; Retention, Psychology; Synapses; Time Factors | 2004 |
Excitatory amino acid induced oligodendrocyte cell death in vitro: receptor-dependent and -independent mechanisms.
Topics: 2',3'-Cyclic-Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Annexin A5; Blotting, Western; Cell Death; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly; Cystine; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acids; Fluoresceins; G(M1) Ganglioside; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia; Immunohistochemistry; Indoles; JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Kainic Acid; MAP Kinase Kinase 4; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Myelin Basic Protein; Myelin Proteins; Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein; Nogo Proteins; Oligodendroglia; Oligopeptides; Peroxides; Phosphorylation; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reactive Oxygen Species; Receptors, Cell Surface; Signal Transduction; Time Factors | 2004 |
Time window and pharmacological characterisation of kainate-mediated preconditioning in organotypic rat hippocampal slice cultures.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain Injuries; Drug Interactions; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Organ Culture Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Time Factors | 2004 |
Nitric oxide inhibits complex I following AMPA receptor activation via peroxynitrite.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzothiadiazines; Cells, Cultured; Cyclic GMP; Drug Interactions; Embryo, Mammalian; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Hippocampus; Immunohistochemistry; Kainic Acid; Microtubule-Associated Proteins; Neurons; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide; Peroxynitrous Acid; Proton Pumps; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Tyrosine | 2004 |
p21(WAF1/Cip1) is not involved in kainic acid-induced apoptosis in murine cerebellar granule cells.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Benzodiazepines; Cell Cycle; Cell Cycle Proteins; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Kainic Acid; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA | 2004 |
Retinal bipolar cell input mechanisms in giant danio. III. ON-OFF bipolar cells and their color-opponent mechanisms.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Color; D-Aspartic Acid; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Photic Stimulation; Propionates; Quinoxalines; Retina; Visual Pathways; Zebrafish | 2005 |
In vivo neuroprotective effects of the novel imidazolyl nitrone free-radical scavenger (Z)-alpha-[2-thiazol-2-yl)imidazol-4-yl]-N-tert-butylnitrone (S34176).
Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Survival; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Free Radical Scavengers; Hippocampus; Imidazoles; Kainic Acid; Male; Methamphetamine; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Nitrogen Oxides; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2005 |
Programmed and induced phenotype of the hippocampal granule cells.
Topics: Animals; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Calbindins; Cells, Cultured; Dynorphins; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Neuronal Plasticity; Organ Culture Techniques; Phenotype; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; S100 Calcium Binding Protein G; Synapses; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1; Vesicular Inhibitory Amino Acid Transport Proteins | 2005 |
Sequential involvement of distinct glutamate receptors in domoic acid-induced neurotoxicity in rat mixed cortical cultures: effect of multiple dose/duration paradigms, chronological age, and repeated exposure.
Topics: Animals; Blotting, Western; Cell Survival; Cerebral Cortex; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Combinations; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fetus; Immunochemistry; Kainic Acid; Marine Toxins; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate | 2006 |
Binding of 5'-GMP to the GluR2 AMPA receptor: insight from targeted molecular dynamics simulations.
Topics: Animals; Binding Sites; Chickens; Computer Simulation; Crystallography, X-Ray; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Guanosine Monophosphate; Kainic Acid; Models, Molecular; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Software | 2005 |
Action of extracellular divalent cations on native alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionate (AMPA) receptors.
Topics: Algorithms; Animals; Benzothiadiazines; Binding, Competitive; Cations, Divalent; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Extracellular Space; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA | 2005 |
Tunicamycin decreases the probability of single-channel openings for N-methyl-D-aspartate and alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptors.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Embryo, Mammalian; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Hippocampus; Ion Channel Gating; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Probability; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reaction Time; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tunicamycin | 2006 |
Functional characterisation of homomeric ionotropic glutamate receptors GluR1-GluR6 in a fluorescence-based high throughput screening assay.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Benzothiadiazines; Calcium; Cell Line; Combinatorial Chemistry Techniques; Concanavalin A; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fluorescence; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Kainic Acid; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Signal Transduction; Xanthenes | 2006 |
Glutamate stimulates oligodendrocyte progenitor migration mediated via an alphav integrin/myelin proteolipid protein complex.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Animals, Genetically Modified; Animals, Newborn; Benzodiazepines; Blotting, Western; Calcium; Carbachol; Carbonyl Cyanide p-Trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone; Cell Movement; Cells, Cultured; Chelating Agents; Cholinergic Agonists; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Egtazic Acid; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fibronectins; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Immunoprecipitation; Integrin alphaV; Ionophores; Kainic Acid; Models, Biological; Myelin Proteolipid Protein; Myelin Sheath; Oligodendroglia; Pertussis Toxin; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alpha; Receptors, AMPA; Ruthenium Red; Stem Cells; Thapsigargin | 2006 |
Taurine, taurine analogues, and taurine functions: overview.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Kainic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Motor Activity; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Taurine; Tetrodotoxin | 2006 |
Block of kainate receptor desensitization uncovers a key trafficking checkpoint.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cysteine; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GluK2 Kainate Receptor; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Hippocampus; Humans; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Models, Biological; Mutation; Neurons; Oocytes; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Protein Transport; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Structure-Activity Relationship; Transfection; Xenopus | 2006 |
Glutamate AMPA/kainate receptors, not GABA(A) receptors, mediate estradiol-induced sex differences in the hypothalamus.
Topics: Androgens; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Dendrites; Drug Interactions; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Hypothalamus; Kainic Acid; Male; Microfilament Proteins; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Pregnancy; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Sex Characteristics; Silver Staining; Testosterone | 2007 |
Differential regulation of glutamate receptor-mediated BDNF mRNA expression in the cerebellum and its defects in stargazer mice.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Calcium Channels; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Gene Expression Regulation; In Situ Hybridization; Kainic Acid; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Mutant Strains; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Protein Binding; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; RNA, Messenger; Time Factors | 2007 |
Differential contribution of L-, N-, and P/Q-type calcium channels to [Ca2+]i changes evoked by kainate in hippocampal neurons.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels, L-Type; Calcium Channels, N-Type; Calcium Channels, P-Type; Calcium Channels, Q-Type; Cells, Cultured; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Neurons; Nitrendipine; omega-Agatoxin IVA; omega-Conotoxin GVIA; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2008 |
Effects of glutamate receptor activation on NG2-glia in the rat optic nerve.
Topics: Action Potentials; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Antigens; Astrocytes; Axons; Biomarkers; Blotting, Western; Calcium; Calcium Signaling; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; Female; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Kainic Acid; Male; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Neural Conduction; Neuroglia; Optic Nerve; Proteoglycans; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate; Tissue Culture Techniques | 2009 |
Horizontal cell feedback regulates calcium currents and intracellular calcium levels in rod photoreceptors of salamander and mouse retina.
Topics: Ambystoma; Aniline Compounds; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Signaling; Cytoplasm; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Feedback; HEPES; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microscopy, Confocal; Photic Stimulation; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Retina; Retinal Horizontal Cells; Retinal Rod Photoreceptor Cells; Xanthenes | 2009 |
Anticonvulsant and antioxidant effects of 3-alkynyl selenophene in 21-day-old rats on pilocarpine model of seizures.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Antioxidants; Brain; Diazepam; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Kainic Acid; Male; Organoselenium Compounds; Pentylenetetrazole; Pilocarpine; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seizures; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome | 2009 |
Regulation of glutamate transport in developing rat oligodendrocytes.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Aspartic Acid; Benzodiazepines; Bicuculline; Brain; Cells, Cultured; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3; Female; Fibroblast Growth Factors; GABA Antagonists; Gangliosides; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; O Antigens; Oligodendroglia; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; Pregnancy; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin; Tritium | 2009 |
AMPA receptors serum-dependently mediate GABAA receptor alpha1 and alpha6 subunit down-regulation in cultured mouse cerebellar granule cells.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Coloring Agents; Culture Media, Serum-Free; Down-Regulation; GABA Agonists; GABA Antagonists; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; GluK2 Kainate Receptor; Kainic Acid; Mice; Neurons; Protein Binding; Pyrimidinones; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; Tetrazolium Salts; Thiazoles | 2010 |
Neuroprotection by glutamate receptor antagonists against seizure-induced excitotoxic cell death in the aging brain.
Topics: Age Factors; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Brain; Cell Count; Cell Death; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Kainic Acid; Mice; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Quinoxalines; Seizures; Severity of Illness Index; Species Specificity | 2010 |
Differential regulation of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in the dentate gyrus and hippocampus via the NO-cGMP pathway following kainic acid-induced seizure in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Cyclic GMP; Dentate Gyrus; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Guanylate Cyclase; Hippocampus; Indazoles; Kainic Acid; Male; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Oxadiazoles; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; Signal Transduction; Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 2010 |
Reduced expression of plasma membrane calcium ATPase 2 and collapsin response mediator protein 1 promotes death of spinal cord neurons.
Topics: Animals; Calcium-Binding Proteins; Calpain; Cell Death; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors; Embryo, Mammalian; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental; Gene Expression; Kainic Acid; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Phosphoproteins; Plasma Membrane Calcium-Transporting ATPases; Proteome; Proteomics; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; RNA, Small Interfering; Spinal Cord | 2010 |
Kainate administered to adult zebrafish causes seizures similar to those in rodent models.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Seizures; Zebrafish | 2011 |
TNF-α triggers rapid membrane insertion of Ca(2+) permeable AMPA receptors into adult motor neurons and enhances their susceptibility to slow excitotoxic injury.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Calcium; Cobalt; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Agents; Female; Isoquinolines; Kainic Acid; Motor Neurons; Neurofilament Proteins; Organ Culture Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Spinal Cord; Sulfonamides; Time Factors; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2012 |
Relationship between increase in astrocytic GLT-1 glutamate transport and late-LTP.
Topics: Alanine Transaminase; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Aspartic Acid; Astrocytes; Biophysics; Biotinylation; Cells, Cultured; Colforsin; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Flow Cytometry; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Indoles; Kainic Acid; Long-Term Potentiation; Male; Neurons; Protein Transport; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin; Valine | 2012 |
Presynaptic kainate receptor-mediated facilitation of glutamate release involves Ca2+-calmodulin and PKA in cerebrocortical synaptosomes.
Topics: 8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate; Animals; Benzodiazepines; Calcium; Calmodulin; Cerebral Cortex; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Isoquinolines; Kainic Acid; Male; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, Presynaptic; Sulfonamides; Synaptic Transmission; Synaptosomes; Thionucleotides | 2013 |
Comparative analysis of changes in membrane currents in neurons and astrocytes in rat hippocampal slices after stimulation of glutamatergic transmission.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Neurons; Ouabain; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Synaptic Transmission | 2013 |
EPAC inhibition of SUR1 receptor increases glutamate release and seizure vulnerability.
Topics: Animals; Bicuculline; Biophysics; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors; Hippocampus; Humans; Immunoprecipitation; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; KATP Channels; Male; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Probability; Protein Binding; Quinoxalines; Synaptosomes; Transduction, Genetic | 2013 |
Combined blockade of NMDA and AMPA receptors prevents acute kainate seizures and chronic kainate lethality in rats.
Topics: Adamantane; Amines; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Convulsants; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Injections, Intramuscular; Kainic Acid; Male; Memantine; N-Methylaspartate; Neuroprotective Agents; Pentylenetetrazole; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Seizures; Survival Analysis | 2014 |
Characterization of Human Hippocampal Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells and Their Application to Physiologically Relevant Assays for Multiple Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Calcium; Cell Differentiation; Cell Line; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Electrophysiology; Gene Expression Regulation; Hippocampus; Humans; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Neural Stem Cells; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Ionotropic Glutamate | 2014 |
The AMPA receptor antagonist NBQX exerts anti-seizure but not antiepileptogenic effects in the intrahippocampal kainate mouse model of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Female; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Mice; Nitriles; Phenytoin; Pyridones; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Seizures; Status Epilepticus | 2015 |
Glial GLT-1 blockade in infralimbic cortex as a new strategy to evoke rapid antidepressant-like effects in rats.
Topics: Affect; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Citalopram; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Limbic Lobe; Male; Neuroglia; Prefrontal Cortex; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Quinoxalines; Raphe Nuclei; Rats; Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; Serotonin; Veratridine | 2017 |
A combination of NMDA and AMPA receptor antagonists retards granule cell dispersion and epileptogenesis in a model of acquired epilepsy.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Dentate Gyrus; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Therapy, Combination; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy; Humans; Kainic Acid; Male; Mice; Neurons; Piperidines; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome | 2017 |
Rescue of glutamate transport in the lateral habenula alleviates depression- and anxiety-like behaviors in ethanol-withdrawn rats.
Topics: Alcoholism; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Anxiety; Ceftriaxone; Central Nervous System Depressants; Depression; Ethanol; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Habenula; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Male; Maze Learning; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Channel Blockers; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Swimming; Tetrodotoxin | 2018 |
Both ketamine and NBQX attenuate alcohol drinking in male Wistar rats.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Animals; Depression; Kainic Acid; Ketamine; Male; Quinoxalines; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 2018 |
Analysis of Feedback Signaling from Horizontal Cells to Photoreceptors in Mice.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Connexins; Feedback, Physiological; Immunohistochemistry; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Microscopy, Confocal; Molecular Imaging; Optical Imaging; Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate; Quinoxalines; Retinal Horizontal Cells | 2018 |
Long-term neurotoxic effects of domoic acid on primary dopaminergic neurons.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Cells, Cultured; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dopaminergic Neurons; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial; Mesencephalon; Mice; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Neurotoxins; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 2018 |
AMPA receptors and seizures mediate hippocampal radial glia-like stem cell proliferation.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Benzodiazepines; Cell Death; Cell Proliferation; Cells, Cultured; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Ki-67 Antigen; Male; Membrane Potentials; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neuroglia; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Seizures; Stem Cells | 2018 |
Structure-Activity Relationship and Solubility Studies of N1-Substituted Quinoxaline-2,3-diones as Kainate Receptor Antagonists.
Topics: Kainic Acid; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Solubility; Structure-Activity Relationship | 2023 |