quinoxalines has been researched along with glutamic acid in 544 studies
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 7 (1.29) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 255 (46.88) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 197 (36.21) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 84 (15.44) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 1 (0.18) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Cox, JA; Seeburg, PH; Stein, E; Verdoorn, TA | 1 |
| Becker, DP; Hovda, DA; Katayama, Y; Kawamata, T; Yoshino, A | 1 |
| Dixon, JF; Hokin, LE; Sastry, PS | 1 |
| Duman, RS; Hayward, MD; Nestler, EJ; Tallman, JF; Vaccarino, FM | 1 |
| Linn, DM; Massey, SC | 1 |
| Bowyer, JF; Frame, LT; Lipe, GW; Newport, GD | 1 |
| Berger, TW; Grace, AA; Nisenbaum, ES | 2 |
| Malgaroli, A; Tsien, RW | 1 |
| Choi, DW; Dugan, LL; Giffard, RG; Goldberg, MP; Hartley, DM; Monyer, H | 1 |
| Fujimori, K; Inoue, K; Nakazawa, K; Takanaka, A; Watano, T | 1 |
| Arvin, B; Le Peillet, E; Meldrum, BS; Moncada, C | 1 |
| Jönsson, T; Lehmann, A | 1 |
| Hansson, E; Nilsson, M; Rönnbäck, L | 1 |
| Weiland, NG | 1 |
| Moss, RL; Wong, M | 1 |
| Konnerth, A; López-Barneo, J; Schneggenburger, R | 1 |
| Johansson, BB; Westergren, I | 1 |
| Birder, LA; de Groat, WC | 1 |
| Flavin, MP; Riopelle, RJ; Yang, Y | 1 |
| Pinnock, RD | 1 |
| Rekling, JC | 1 |
| Bernardi, G; Calabresi, P; Mercuri, NB | 1 |
| Matsumoto, M; Scheller, MS; Strnat, MA; Zornow, MH | 1 |
| Capogna, M; Gähwiler, BH; Scanziani, M; Thompson, SM | 1 |
| Ames, A; Li, YY | 1 |
| Pai, KS; Ravindranath, V | 1 |
| Dunwiddie, TV; Lupica, CR; Proctor, WR | 1 |
| Ehrenberger, K; Felix, D | 1 |
| Kuno, M; Matsuura, S; Nakamura, F | 1 |
| Evans, PD; Merzon, RM; Reale, V; Villegas, J | 1 |
| Antonelli, T; Beani, L; Bianchi, C; Calo, G; Tomasini, C; Vedovato, M | 1 |
| do-Nascimento, JL; Paes-de-Carvalho, R; Ventura, AL | 1 |
| Pittaluga, A; Raiteri, M | 1 |
| Baruah, S; Hegwood, TS; Sherman, AD; Waziri, R | 1 |
| Inokuchi, H; Nishi, S; Polosa, C; Yamada, S; Yoshimura, M | 1 |
| Hestrin, S | 1 |
| Malmberg, AB; Yaksh, TL | 1 |
| Colquhoun, D; Edwards, FA; Gibb, AJ | 1 |
| Bertrand, G; Bockaert, J; Gross, R; Loubatières-Mariani, MM; Puech, R | 2 |
| Gallo, V; Levi, G; Patrizio, M | 1 |
| Crane, AM; Driscoll, BF; Law, MJ | 1 |
| Gillis, RA; Rossiter, CD; Travagli, RA; Vicini, S | 1 |
| Blake, JF; Brown, MW; Collingridge, GL; Frenguelli, BG | 1 |
| Hayakawa, T; Kinoshita, A; Kohmura, E; Yamada, K | 1 |
| East, SJ; Garthwaite, J; Southam, E | 1 |
| Bovolin, P; Costa, E; Grayson, DR; Memo, M | 1 |
| Rosenberg, PA | 1 |
| Higashi, H; Nishi, S; Tanaka, E | 1 |
| Davidoff, RA; Hackman, JC | 1 |
| Shreve, PE; Uretsky, NJ | 1 |
| Hatziefthimiou, A; Kouvelas, ED; Mitsacos, A; Mitsaki, E; Plaitakis, A | 1 |
| North, RA; Uchimura, N | 1 |
| Choi, DW; Koh, JY | 1 |
| Andrade, R | 1 |
| Higashi, H; Inokuchi, H; Nishi, S; Nose, I | 1 |
| Conner-Kerr, TA; Gannon, RL; Privette, TH; Terrian, DM | 1 |
| Ogita, K; Yoneda, Y | 2 |
| Clements, JD; Westbrook, GL | 1 |
| Schmidt, M | 1 |
| Asprodini, EK; Rainnie, DG; Shinnick-Gallagher, P | 1 |
| Eybalin, M; Ladrech, S; Puel, JL; Pujol, R | 1 |
| Bagust, J; Gardner, CR; Hussain, S; Walker, RJ | 1 |
| Murphy, AD; Quinlan, EM | 1 |
| Jeng, YJ; Johnson, KM | 1 |
| Olney, JW; Pathikonda, M; Snider, WD; Stewart, GR | 1 |
| Jean, A; Kessler, JP | 1 |
| Coulter, DA; DeLorenzo, RJ; Sombati, S | 1 |
| Billard, JM; Daniel, H; Pumain, R | 1 |
| Cuénod, M; Do, KQ; Fontana, A; Frei, K; Piani, D | 1 |
| McMillian, M; Miller, LG; Schatzki, A | 1 |
| Okada, D; Shibuki, K | 1 |
| Audinat, E; Crepel, F; Geoffroy, M; Hamon, B; Kado, RT; Lambolez, B; Rossier, J | 1 |
| Cha, JH; Drejer, J; Honoré, T; Nielsen, EO; Young, AB | 1 |
| Michaels, RL; Rothman, SM | 1 |
| Boksa, P; Chaudieu, I; Mount, H; Quirion, R | 1 |
| Miyamoto, T; Okada, Y; Sakurai, T | 1 |
| Adamson, P; Brammer, MJ; Campbell, IC; Hajimohammadreza, I; Meldrum, BS | 1 |
| Dudek, FE; van den Pol, AN; Wuarin, JP | 1 |
| Heinemann, U; Mudrick, LA | 1 |
| Collingridge, GL; Davies, SN | 1 |
| Gobert, A; Guibert, B; Leviel, V | 1 |
| Miller, RJ; Murphy, SN | 1 |
| Costa, E; Favaron, M; Guidotti, A; Manev, H | 1 |
| Choi, DW; Hartley, DM | 1 |
| Wu, SM; Yang, XL | 1 |
| Cohen, A; Erez, U; Frenk, H; Goldberg, O; Teichberg, VI | 1 |
| Ishida, M; Shinozaki, H | 1 |
| Kudo, Y; Shibata, S | 1 |
| Browne, SE; Bullock, R; Dawson, D; Fujisawa, H; MacKay, KB; McCulloch, J | 1 |
| Eybalin, M; Ladrech, S; Puel, JL; Pujol, R; Tribillac, F | 1 |
| Kuraishi, Y; Okano, K; Satoh, M | 1 |
| Herrera, AJ; Osborne, NN | 1 |
| Adler-Graschinsky, E; Butta, NV; Lorenzo, PS | 1 |
| Greenamyre, JT; Greene, JG | 2 |
| Greenamyre, JT; Porter, RH | 1 |
| Dowling, JE; Grant, GB | 1 |
| Christoffersen, CL; Meltzer, LT | 1 |
| Zvartau, EE | 1 |
| Huguenard, JR; Ulrich, D | 1 |
| Boulu, RG; Callebert, J; Ghribi, O; Plotkine, M; Verrecchia, C | 1 |
| Baudry, M; Hall, RA; Kessler, M; Lynch, G; Massicotte, G | 1 |
| Glaum, SR; Miller, RJ | 1 |
| Jaarsma, D; Korf, J; Sebens, JB | 1 |
| Bjerkness, L; Choi, DW; Hartley, DM; Kurth, MC; Weiss, JH | 1 |
| Bessho, Y; Nakanishi, S; Nawa, H | 1 |
| Bastian, J | 1 |
| Ambrosini, A; Racagni, G | 1 |
| Boos, R; Schneider, H; Wässle, H | 1 |
| Kimura, H; Schubert, D | 1 |
| Haldeman, B; Hampson, DR; Mulvihill, ER; Pickering, DS; Suzdak, PD; Thomsen, C | 1 |
| Henry, JL; Radhakrishnan, V | 1 |
| Greer, RA; Hall, ME; Stewart, JM | 1 |
| Becquet, D; Deprez, P; Fache, MP; Faudon, M; Francois-Bellan, AM; Giraud, P; Hery, F; Hery, M | 1 |
| Bau, A; Faarup, P; Foged, C; Kanstrup, A; Suzdak, PD; Thomsen, C | 1 |
| Massieu, L; Morales-Villagrán, A; Tapia, R | 1 |
| Mennerick, S; Zorumski, CF | 1 |
| Croucher, MJ; Patel, DR; Sturt, NJ | 1 |
| Gaspary, HL; Graham, SH; Simon, RP | 1 |
| Beart, PM; Ganakas, AM; Mercer, LD; Shinozaki, H | 1 |
| Palmer, AM; Reiter, CT | 1 |
| Hochstrate, P; Schlue, WR | 1 |
| Bloc, A; Dusticier, N; Forni, C; Kerkerian-Le Goff, L; Samuel, D | 1 |
| Grantyn, R; Taschenberger, H | 1 |
| Dimpfel, W | 1 |
| López-Colomé, AM; Ortega, A; Romo-de-Vivar, M | 1 |
| Witkin, JM | 1 |
| Taube, JS | 1 |
| Haddad, GG; Jiang, C | 1 |
| Sluka, KA; Westlund, KN | 2 |
| Beninger, RJ; Boegman, RJ; Jhamandas, K; Vrooman, L | 1 |
| Fukunaga, K; Miyamoto, E; Ushio, Y; Yano, S | 1 |
| Chan, PH; Chang, LH; Espanol, MT; James, TL; Litt, L; Weinstein, P; Xu, Y; Yang, GY | 1 |
| Starr, BS; Starr, MS | 1 |
| Champagnat, J; Fortin, G | 1 |
| Jonas, P; Major, G; Sakmann, B | 1 |
| Giaume, C; Peusner, KD | 1 |
| Floridi, S; Racagni, G; Tromba, C; Trotti, D; Volterra, A | 1 |
| Puro, DG; Uchihori, Y | 1 |
| Balcar, VJ; Li, Y | 1 |
| Cabrera, RJ; Donoso, AO; Navarro, CE | 1 |
| Dailey, ME; Smith, SJ | 1 |
| Ambros-Ingerson, J; Arai, A; Kessler, M; Lynch, G; Rogers, G; Xiao, P | 1 |
| Krieglstein, J; Lippert, K; Welsch, M | 1 |
| Masetto, S; Prigioni, I; Russo, G | 1 |
| Hyson, RL; Nathanson, NM; Rubel, EW; Zirpel, L | 1 |
| Janáky, R; Oja, SS; Saransaari, P; Varga, V | 1 |
| Giboney, P; Simmons, DD; Song, C | 1 |
| Finch, DM; Gigg, J; Tan, AM | 1 |
| Donoghue, JP; Hess, G; Jacobs, KM | 1 |
| Chan, PH; Chang, LH; Espanol, MT; James, TL; Litt, L; Weinstein, PR; Xu, Y | 1 |
| Dubinsky, JM | 1 |
| Jahr, CE; Lester, RA; Tong, G | 1 |
| Dai, X; Douglas, JR; Jordan, LM; Noga, BR | 1 |
| Blessing, WW; Gieroba, ZJ | 1 |
| Koch, M; Krase, W; Schnitzler, HU | 1 |
| Kaila, K; Smirnov, S; Taira, T; Voipio, J | 1 |
| Bouskila, Y; Dudek, FE | 1 |
| Dawson, TM; Dawson, VL; Snyder, SH; Uhl, GR | 1 |
| Janáky, R; Oja, SS; Saransaari, P | 1 |
| Barker, JL; di Porzio, U; Morelli, F; Novotny, EA; Smith, SV | 1 |
| Müller, TH; Swandulla, D; Zeilhofer, HU | 1 |
| Greenamyre, JT | 1 |
| Eybalin, M; Gervais d'Aldin, C; Puel, JL; Pujol, R | 1 |
| Trombley, PQ; van den Pol, AN | 1 |
| Belhage, B; Hansen, GH; Schousboe, A | 1 |
| Lanius, RA; Shaw, C | 1 |
| Batini, C; Palestini, M; Thomasset, M; Vigot, R | 1 |
| Feuerstein, G; Jiang, ZG; Yue, TL | 1 |
| Buchwald, NA; Cohen, RW; Levine, MS; Radisavljevic, Z; Siviy, SM; Walsh, JP | 1 |
| De Bernardi, R; Ferro, F; Fontana, G; Gemignani, A; Raiteri, M | 1 |
| Gallo, V; Holtzclaw, LA; Russell, JT | 1 |
| Fowler, JC | 1 |
| Cardoso, LF; Martini, LH; Souza, DO; Tasca, CI; Vendite, D | 1 |
| Golding, NL; Oertel, D | 1 |
| Benz, A; Mennerick, S; Zorumski, CF | 1 |
| Balchen, T; Bruhn, T; Christensen, T; Diemer, NH; Johansen, FF; Nielsen, M; Vanicky, I | 1 |
| Carver, JM; Cortes-Burgos, L; Giordano, T; Howe, JR; Mansson, PE; Shu, J; Zhou, LM | 1 |
| Akerman, KE; Holopainen, I; Janáky, R; Oja, SS; Varga, V | 1 |
| Laufer, M; Negishi, K; Salas, R | 1 |
| Hu, XT; White, FJ | 1 |
| Champagnat, J; Denavit-Saubié, M; Foutz, AS; Haji, A; Pierrefiche, O; Takeda, R | 1 |
| Mary, V; Stutzmann, JM; Wahl, F | 1 |
| Croucher, MJ; Patel, DR | 1 |
| Fleischer-Lambropoulos, E; Geladopoulos, T; Kazazoglou, T; Kentroti, S; Stefanis, C; Vernadakis, A | 1 |
| Haberly, LB; Hoffman, WH | 1 |
| Dudek, FE; Smith, BN | 1 |
| Hashimoto, M; Takahashi, M | 1 |
| Glitsch, M; Llano, I; Marty, A | 1 |
| Krieglstein, J; Lippert, K; Pöch, G | 1 |
| Aeba, R; Ito, T; Kawada, S; Koto, A; Mitsumaru, A; Mori, A; Nakamichi, T; Odaguchi, H; Ueda, T; Yasudo, M; Yozu, R | 1 |
| Fergus, A; Lee, KS | 1 |
| Umemura, K | 1 |
| Diamond, JS; Jahr, CE | 1 |
| Furukawa, K; Holtsberg, FW; Keller, JN; Mattson, MP; Steiner, MR; Steiner, SM | 1 |
| Dorandeu, F; Fosbraey, P; Lallement, G; Pernot-Marino, I; Tattersall, JE; Wetherell, J | 1 |
| Bonfanti, A; Pittaluga, A; Raiteri, M | 1 |
| Berman, FW; Murray, TF | 1 |
| Davies, CH; Morton, RA | 1 |
| Cui, LN; Dyball, RE; Saeb-Parsy, K | 1 |
| Fontana, G; Gemignani, A; Marchese, S; Raiteri, M | 1 |
| Bird, MM; Owen, AD | 1 |
| Richardson, CM; Wakerley, JB | 1 |
| Brodfuehrer, PD; Thorogood, MS | 1 |
| Arias, C; Arrieta, I; Massieu, L; Tapia, R | 1 |
| Ciani, E; Contestabile, A; Dall'Olio, R; Gandolfi, O; Sparapani, M | 1 |
| Ger, LP; Lin, HC; Lo, WC; Tseng, CJ; Tung, CS | 1 |
| Ferragamo, MJ; Golding, NL; Oertel, D | 1 |
| Brust, PF; Harpold, MM; Lovinger, DM; McCool, BA; Pin, JP; Stauderman, KA | 1 |
| Iadecola, C; Yang, G | 1 |
| Emson, PC; Hathway, GJ; Humphrey, PP; Kendrick, KM | 1 |
| Beirne, JP; Massey, GW; Pearlstein, RD; Warner, DS | 1 |
| Barnstable, CJ; Otori, Y; Wei, JY | 1 |
| Covey, DF; He, YY; Hsu, CY; Hu, R; Hu, Y; Yamada, KA | 1 |
| Antonelli, T; Beani, L; Bianchi, C; Reggiani, A; Tomasini, MC; Trist, DG | 1 |
| Davis, RE | 1 |
| Fischer, H; Philippu, A; Prast, H; Tran, MH | 1 |
| De Laurentiis, A; del Carmen Díaz, M; Duvilanski, B; Lasaga, M; Pampillo, M; Pisera, D; Seilicovich, A; Theas, S | 1 |
| Yamada, KA | 1 |
| Kötter, R; Luhmann, HJ; Staiger, JF; Zilles, K | 2 |
| Näsström, J; Sequeira, S | 1 |
| Johnson, MS; Keinänen, K; Lampinen, M; Pentikäinen, O | 1 |
| Roberts, A; Wolf, E; Zhao, FY | 1 |
| Heinemann, U; Müller, W; Schuchmann, S | 1 |
| Bergles, DE; Jahr, CE | 1 |
| Kullmann, DM; Min, MY; Rusakov, DA | 1 |
| Gottmann, K; Hatt, H; Rumpel, S | 1 |
| Cassidy, RM; Gale, K | 1 |
| Arnold, E; Clark, AD; Das, K; Ding, J; Hsiou, Y; Hughes, SH; Kleim, JP; Riess, G; Rösner, M; Winkler, I | 1 |
| Covey, DF; Hill, MW; Hu, Y; Yamada, KA | 1 |
| Roberts, A; Zhao, FY | 1 |
| Badre, SE; Morsette, DJ; Sidorowicz, HE; Sladek, CD | 1 |
| Cattaert, D; Le Ray, D | 1 |
| Chen, YH; Fu, WM; Liou, HC; Wang, SM | 1 |
| Matsuoka, T; Nishizaki, T; Nomura, T; Tsujishita, Y | 1 |
| Wang, YS; White, TD | 1 |
| Hay, M; Lindsley, KA | 1 |
| Funato, H; Kohsaka, S; Mochizuki, H; Shimojo, M; Takasugi, K; Yamamoto, I | 1 |
| Gao, F; Wu, SM | 1 |
| Carvalho, AP; Carvalho, CM; Sequeira, SM | 1 |
| Blanco, R; de la Villa, P | 1 |
| Abrahams, TP; Hornby, PJ; Krowicki, ZK; Sivarao, DV | 1 |
| Linden, R; Martins, RA; Rocha, M | 1 |
| Blaszczak, P; Kleinrok, Z; Saran, T; Turski, WA; Urbanska, EM | 1 |
| Albers, HE; Gillespie, CF; Marvel, CL; Mintz, EM; Price, KM | 1 |
| Dzubay, JA; Jahr, CE | 1 |
| Chaudieu, I; Privat, A | 1 |
| Ackley, DC; Chang, NG; Geddes, JW; McGillis, JP; Soultanian, NS; Yokel, RA | 1 |
| Del Arco, A; Mora, F; Segovia, G | 2 |
| Kital, ST; Plenz, D | 1 |
| De Laurentiis, A; Díaz, MC; Duvilanski, B; Lasaga, M; Pampillo, M; Pisera, D; Seilicovich, A | 1 |
| Sah, R; Schwartz-Bloom, RD | 1 |
| Hanania, T; Johnson, KM | 1 |
| Kawamata, T; Omote, K | 1 |
| Blanc, EM; Guiramand, J; Jallageas, M; Recasens, M | 1 |
| Kamidono, S; Mori, M; Okada, Y; Sengoku, A | 1 |
| Pitt, D; Raine, CS; Werner, P | 2 |
| Miller, ED; Myhr, KL; Wong, RO; Wong, WT | 1 |
| Lanza, M; Makovec, F | 1 |
| Berkman, K; Gören, MZ; Onat, F | 1 |
| Howe, JR; Robert, A; Waxman, SG | 1 |
| Calton, JL; Kang, MH; Moore, SD; Wilson, WA | 1 |
| Isaac, JT; Kidd, FL | 1 |
| Gyo, K; Hakuba, N; Koga, K; Mitani, A; Shudou, M; Watanabe, F | 1 |
| Chen, SH; Chou, LS; Huang, LR; Liu, HJ; Tsai, LH | 1 |
| Kohda, K; Wang, Y; Yuzaki, M | 1 |
| Kullmann, DM; Semyanov, A | 1 |
| Gähwiler, BH; Gerber, U; Jabaudon, D; Scanziani, M | 1 |
| Gottmann, K; Hatt, H; Mohrmann, R | 1 |
| Anraku, M; Ichinose, M; Sawada, M | 1 |
| Aguilar-Veiga, E; Galán-Valiente, J; Sierra-Marcuño, G; Sierra-Paredes, G; Vazquez-Illanes, MD | 1 |
| Dacanal, J; de Mello, CF; de Souza, DO; Emanuelli, T; Prauchner, CA; Reis, EC; Zeni, A | 1 |
| Carter, AG; Regehr, WG | 1 |
| Berchanski, A; Elazar, Z | 1 |
| Durkin, JP; Gendron, TF; MacLean, S; Mealing, G; Morley, P; Small, DL; Tremblay, R | 1 |
| Friedman, D; Strowbridge, BW | 1 |
| Forray, MI; Fuentealba, JA; Gysling, K | 1 |
| Bauer, J; Blauth, E; Darstein, M; Feuerstein, TJ; Freiman, TM; Hummel, A; Jehle, T | 1 |
| Armero, JM; Arriagada, C; Caviedes, P; Caviedes, R; Dagnino-Subiabre, A; Segura-Aguilar, J | 1 |
| Henderson, TA; Ho, SM; Waite, PM | 1 |
| Howe, JR; Smith, TC | 1 |
| Kamata, A; Kaneko, S; Kawata, Y; Murakami, T; Okada, M; Wada, K; Zhu, G | 1 |
| Armstrong, N; Gouaux, E | 1 |
| Donello, JE; Gil, DW; Padillo, EU; Webster, ML; Wheeler, LA | 1 |
| Follett, PL; Jensen, FE; Rosenberg, PA; Volpe, JJ | 1 |
| Bernabeu, R; Sharp, FR | 1 |
| Gu, Z; Jiang, Q; Jing, G; Zhang, G | 1 |
| Aguilar, E; Gonzalez, LC; Pinilla, L; Tena-Sempere, M | 1 |
| Shi, WX; Zhang, XX | 1 |
| Croucher, MJ; Patel, DR; Young, AM | 1 |
| de Mello, FG; Ferreira, ST; Louzada, PR; Paula Lima, AC | 1 |
| Ceccon, M; Rumbaugh, G; Vicini, S | 1 |
| Mora, F; Segovia, G | 1 |
| Wong, RO; Wong, WT | 1 |
| Ishiuchi, S; Kuromi, H; Miwa, A; Nakazato, Y; Okado, H; Ozawa, S; Sasaki, T; Tsuzuki, K; Yamada, N; Yokoo, H | 1 |
| Dunlop, J; Eliasof, S; Foster, AC; McIlvain, HB; Petroski, RE | 1 |
| Kullmann, DM; Ruiz, A; Walker, MC | 1 |
| Grantyn, R; Henneberger, C; Jüttner, R; Rothe, T | 1 |
| Arimura, K; Eto, K; Fukuyama, N; Miyamoto, K; Moriguchi, S; Murao, K; Nakanishi, H; Osame, M; Wakamiya, J | 1 |
| Lindén, AM; Skolnick, P; Wheeler, WJ; Yu, H; Zarrinmayeh, H | 1 |
| Lampson, LA; McCluskey, LP | 1 |
| Canonico, PL; Dianzani, C; Fantozzi, R; Lombardi, G; Miglio, G | 1 |
| Andersson, K; Chen, Y; Dell'Anna, E; Engidawork, E; Goiny, M; Gross, J; Herrera-Marschitz, M; Kohlhauser, C; Loidl, F; Lubec, B; Lubec, G; Stoeckler, S | 1 |
| Brasnjo, G; Otis, TS | 1 |
| Schoppa, NE; Westbrook, GL | 1 |
| Cherubini, E; Maggi, L; Sher, E | 1 |
| Hu, JY; Zhao, ZQ | 1 |
| Jahr, CE; Wadiche, JI | 2 |
| Fukuda, H; Furukawa, N; Hatano, M | 1 |
| Linden, DJ | 1 |
| Afrah, AW; Brodin, E; Gustafsson, H; Olgart, L; Stiller, CO | 1 |
| Berthoud, HR; Patterson, C; Zheng, H | 1 |
| Beirith, A; Calixto, JB; Santos, AR | 1 |
| Attwell, D; Hamann, M; Marie, H; Rossi, DJ | 1 |
| Ehrenberger, K; Felix, D; Oestreicher, E | 1 |
| Keath, JR; Mansvelder, HD; McGehee, DS | 1 |
| Albrecht, J; Borkowska, HD; Goryński, P; Hilgier, W; Oja, SS; Saransaari, P; Zielińska, M | 1 |
| Escudero, M; Estrada, C; Moreno-López, B | 1 |
| Lang, EJ | 1 |
| Hanada, T; Hashimoto, T; Nishizawa, Y; Ohgoh, M; Smith, T; Ueno, M; Watanabe, M; Yamanishi, Y | 1 |
| Gutiérrez, R | 1 |
| Kawahara, H; Kawahara, Y; Westerink, BH | 1 |
| Granda, B; Lavado, E; Medina, A; Medina, JM; Sánchez-Abarca, LI; Tabernero, A | 1 |
| Fujikawa, DG; Wu, A | 1 |
| Baldridge, WH; Baptiste, DC; Chauhan, BC; Hartwick, AT; Jollimore, CA; Kelly, ME; Tremblay, F | 1 |
| Azbill, RD; Mu, X; Springer, JE | 1 |
| Fujimori, S; Hinoi, E; Takarada, T; Taniura, H; Yoneda, Y | 1 |
| Acerbo, MJ; Delius, JD; Gargiulo, PA; Krug, I | 1 |
| Glick, SD; Maisonneuve, IM; Shoblock, JR; Sullivan, EB | 1 |
| Kawasaki, A; Kusaka, S; Miki, A; Morimura, H; Otori, Y; Tano, Y | 1 |
| Auerbach, SB; Tao, R | 1 |
| Lin, TB | 2 |
| Kelly, JB; Zhang, H | 1 |
| Giuliani, F; Imai, Y; Power, C; Takahashi, JL; Yong, VW | 1 |
| Fujimaru, S; Matsubara, K; Ohtaki, K; Saito, O; Shimizu, K; Shiono, H | 1 |
| Berridge, KC; Reynolds, SM | 1 |
| Khodorov, BI; Pinelis, VG; Storozhevykh, TP; Surin, AM; Vinskaya, NP | 1 |
| Asakura, T; Atsumi, T; Furukawa, T; Hoshino, S; Kobayashi, S; Takahashi, M; Teramoto, A | 1 |
| Russell, VA | 1 |
| Greenberger, V; Korkotian, E; Segal, M | 1 |
| Fong, JC; Hong, SJ; Wang, HZ; Wu, KY | 1 |
| Cebere, A; Cebers, G; Kovács, AD; Liljequist, S | 1 |
| Groom, AJ; Smith, T; Turski, L | 1 |
| Haces, ML; Hernández-Fonseca, K; Massieu, L; Montiel, T | 1 |
| Ayala, GX; Tapia, R | 1 |
| Kass-Simon, G; Pannaccione, A; Pierobon, P | 1 |
| Jia, H; Tang, JS; Xie, YF | 1 |
| Abe, K; Abe, Y; Saito, H | 1 |
| Gear, RW; Levine, JD; Tambeli, CH; Young, A | 1 |
| Carpes, MJ; Correia, CR; Mello, CF; Roehrs, C; Rubin, MA; Sauzem, PD; Sinhorin, VD; Zimmer, MF | 1 |
| Kita, H; Matsui, T | 1 |
| Gonzaga, J; Hettes, SR; Heyming, TW; Perez, S; Stanley, BG; Wolfsohn, S | 1 |
| Jérôme, N; Maurin, Y; McKenna, K; Monnerie, R; Rampin, O | 1 |
| Minami, A; Oku, N; Seki, Y; Takeda, A | 1 |
| Feldman, S; Weidenfeld, J | 1 |
| Chen, C | 1 |
| Heermann, R; Lenarz, T; Schwab, B | 1 |
| Jayaraman, V | 1 |
| Hughes, MG; Hulsebosch, CE; McAdoo, DJ; Xu, GY; Ye, Z | 1 |
| Grebenyuk, S; Kirichok, Y; Krishtal, O; Lozovaya, N; Melnik, S; Tsintsadze, T | 1 |
| Howe, JR; Klein, RM | 1 |
| Leung, LS; Shen, B | 1 |
| Aronica, E; Caraci, F; Caricasole, A; Caruso, A; Copani, A; Gaviraghi, G; Nicoletti, F; Rozemuller, AJ; Storto, M; Terstappen, GC | 1 |
| Endo, T; Hara, S; Kuriiwa, F; Kurosaki, K; Mukai, T | 1 |
| Bates, TE; Rosin, C; Skaper, SD | 1 |
| Barde, YA; Bibel, M; Goetz, M; Korte, M; Richter, J; Schrenk, K; Staiger, V; Tucker, KL | 1 |
| Auberson, YP; Bashir, ZI; Brown, MW; Collingridge, GL; Johnson, BE; Massey, PV; Molnar, E; Moult, PR | 1 |
| Keller, BU; Körner, R; Stoffel, W; Wachtmann, D | 1 |
| Brown, JT; Collingridge, GL; Davies, CH; Randall, AD; Richardson, JC | 1 |
| Hara, H; Yamamoto, R; Yoneda, S | 1 |
| Kanno, T; Nagata, T; Nishizaki, T; Tanaka, A; Yaguchi, T; Yamamoto, S | 1 |
| Deuchars, J; Deuchars, SA; Milligan, CJ; Stornetta, RL | 1 |
| Barnes, NY; Parent, AT; Sisodia, SS; Taniguchi, Y; Thinakaran, G | 1 |
| Connolly, CN; Greenwood, S; Kushnareva, Y; Ward, MW | 1 |
| Jung, SY; Kim, YT; Park, YJ; Seo, WS; Suh, CK | 1 |
| Hashikawa, T; Hayashi, Y; Kobayashi, S; Miyawaki, A; Nagai, T; Nakagawa, T; Neve, RL; Okamoto, K; Takao, K | 1 |
| Caroni, P; de Paola, V; Gähwiler, BH; Hugel, S; Mateos, JM; McKinney, RA; Richards, DA | 1 |
| Arai, I; Hosoi, N; Tachibana, M | 1 |
| Fowler, L; Pearce, B; Watts, J; Whitton, PS | 1 |
| Chiappinelli, VA; Guo, JZ; Liu, Y; Sorenson, EM | 1 |
| Bambrick, LL; Krueger, BK; McCarthy, MM; Nuñez, JL | 1 |
| Gómez-Lira, G; Gutiérrez, R; Lamas, M; Romo-Parra, H | 1 |
| Miyatake, M; Nakamura, A; Narita, M; Shibasaki, M; Suzuki, T | 1 |
| Iino, M; Kakizawa, S; Kano, M; Miyazaki, T; Watanabe, M; Yanagihara, D | 1 |
| Ouardouz, M; Sastry, BR; Xu, JY | 1 |
| Jones, RS; Woodhall, GL; Yang, J | 1 |
| Cherubini, E; Conti, F; Fattorini, G; Safiulina, VF | 1 |
| Binshtok, AM; Fleidervish, IA; Gutnick, MJ; Sprengel, R | 1 |
| Bräuner-Osborne, H; Jensen, AA; Strange, M | 1 |
| Gajhede, M; Greenwood, JR; Kasper, C; Kastrup, JS; Kristensen, AS; Liljefors, T; Mirza, O; Olsen, L; Pickering, DS; Schousboe, A; Sigurskjold, BW; Wätjen, F | 1 |
| Gudz, TI; Komuro, H; Macklin, WB | 1 |
| Dolman, NP; Ghosal, A; Jane, DE; Mayer, ML | 1 |
| Chen, GD; Chen, JC; Chen, MJ; Ho, YC; Huang, PC; Liao, JM; Lin, JJ; Lin, SY; Lin, TB; Pan, SF; Peng, HY | 1 |
| Bennett, VJ; Papaconstandinou, NA; Reynolds, IJ; Rintoul, GL | 1 |
| Deng, W; Jensen, FE; Rosenberg, PA; Volpe, JJ; Yue, Q | 1 |
| Ishiuchi, S; Ozawa, S; Tsuzuki, K; Yoshida, Y | 1 |
| Corrêa, FM; Resstel, LB | 1 |
| Herreras, O; Larrosa, B; López-Aguado, L; Pastor, J | 1 |
| Kolaj, M; Renaud, LP; Zhang, L | 1 |
| Amatore, C; Arbault, S; Cauli, B; Geoffroy, H; Guille, M; Hamel, E; Rancillac, A; Rossier, J; Tong, XK | 1 |
| Fishbein, I; Segal, M | 1 |
| Green, AR; Hainsworth, AH; Lambert, DG; Nelson, RM; Webb, TE | 1 |
| Avila, TT; Fischer, A; Jorge, RS; Leke, R; Oliveira, DL; Portela, LV; Schmidt, AP; Souza, DO; Wofchuk, S | 1 |
| Kasparov, S; Paton, JF; Wang, S | 1 |
| Ballini, C; Bianchi, L; Colivicchi, MA; Della Corte, L; Fattori, M; Giovannini, MG; Healy, J; Tipton, KF; Venturi, C | 1 |
| Lerma, J; Priel, A; Selak, S; Stern-Bach, Y | 1 |
| András, IE; Deli, MA; Hayashi, K; Hennig, B; Toborek, M; Veszelka, S | 1 |
| Atherton, JF; Bevan, MD; Blythe, SN | 1 |
| Antunes-Rodrigues, J; Busnardo, C; Corrêa, FM; Tavares, RF | 1 |
| Feldman, JL; Morgado-Valle, C | 1 |
| Carley, DW; Isenovic, ER; Radulovacki, M | 1 |
| Cannell, MB; Housley, GD; Morton-Jones, RT | 1 |
| Corrêa, FM; Resstel, LB; Tavares, RF | 1 |
| Bellone, C; Nicoll, RA | 1 |
| Lau, AY; Roux, B | 1 |
| Aguiar Corrêa, FM; Deolindo, M; Pelosi, GG; Tavares, RF | 1 |
| Fuda, H; Hanyu, O; Kohjitani, A; Strott, CA | 1 |
| Solomon, IC; Warren, KA | 1 |
| Corrêa, FM; Guimarães, FS; Resstel, LB | 1 |
| Inoue, I; Kurisaki, A; Kurisaki, K; Sugino, H; Tsuchida, K; Yamakawa, N | 1 |
| Akil, O; Clause, A; Edwards, RH; Glowatzki, E; Grant, L; Kandler, K; Lustig, LR; Noebels, JL; Seal, RP; Weber, CM; Yi, E; Yoo, J | 1 |
| Cao, Z; Chen, S; Fan, J; Li, Y; Owyang, C; Wu, X; Zhang, R | 1 |
| Danik, M; Goutagny, R; Jackson, J; Manseau, F; Williams, S | 1 |
| Ivanov, AI; Jensen, TP; Kullmann, DM; Niu, YP; Rusakov, DA; Savtchenko, LP; Sylantyev, S; Xiao, MY | 1 |
| Decker, MW; Man, K; Parikh, V; Sarter, M | 1 |
| Egashira, N; Fujiwara, M; Harada, S; Iwasaki, K; Matsushita, M; Mishima, K; Nishimura, R; Oishi, R; Okuno, R | 1 |
| Auer, RN; Kherani, ZS | 1 |
| Griffin, WC; Krnjević, K; Li, KY; Olive, MF; Shao, XM; Xiao, C; Ye, JH; Zhou, C | 1 |
| Alves, PM; Queiroga, CS; Vieira, HL | 1 |
| Gronier, B | 1 |
| Delgado, A; Oviedo, A; Querejeta, E | 1 |
| Fan, XL; Li, Q; Song, XA; Yang, JC | 1 |
| Morato, GS; Rial, D; Takahashi, RN | 1 |
| Alvestad Linger, RM; Browning, MD; Davies, KD; Freund, RK; Goebel-Goody, SM | 1 |
| Basu, AC; Benneyworth, MA; Bergeron, R; Coyle, JT; Ehmsen, JT; Froimowitz, MP; Han, L; Jiang, ZI; Lange, N; Ma, CL; Mustafa, AK; Snyder, SH; Tsai, GE | 1 |
| Barbosa, RM; Frade, JG; Laranjinha, J | 1 |
| Ackman, JB; Aniksztejn, L; Becq, H; Ben-Ari, Y; Cardoso, C; Crépel, V; Pellegrino, C; Represa, A | 1 |
| Di, S; Franco, A; Maxson, MM; Tasker, JG | 1 |
| Butt, AM; Hamilton, N; Hubbard, PS | 1 |
| Alves, FH; Correa, FM; Crestani, CC; Resstel, LB | 1 |
| Eguchi, K; Kanda, T; Takahashi, T; Yamashita, T | 1 |
| Gorostiza, P; Isacoff, EY; Lau, AY; Numano, R; Roux, B; Szobota, S; Trauner, D; Volgraf, M | 1 |
| Abe, K; Gee, A; Hirose, S; Hosoi, R; Inoue, O; Momosaki, S; Sasaki, K | 1 |
| Bortone, D; Polleux, F | 1 |
| Nakamura, T; Sapru, HN | 1 |
| Blankenship, AG; Copenhagen, DR; Edwards, RH; Feller, MB; Ford, KJ; Johnson, J; Seal, RP | 1 |
| Buckby, LE; Empson, RM; Jensen, TP | 1 |
| Hirose, K; Iinuma, S; Ito, E; Kobayashi, S; Matsuo, R; Namiki, S; Sakamoto, H; Watanabe, S | 1 |
| DeSilva, TM; Goldhoff, PE; Kabakov, AY; Rosenberg, PA; Volpe, JJ | 1 |
| Hamaguchi, T; Kanehara, S; Kashimoto, K; Matsumoto, T; Motomura, E; Nakagawa, M; Ohoyama, K; Okada, M; Shiroyama, T; Suzuki, D; Yamamura, S | 1 |
| Clarke, KG; Gil, DW; Kusari, J; Padillo, E; Zhou, SX | 1 |
| Hoffman, AF; Kawamura, M; Laaris, N; Lupica, CR; Masino, SA | 1 |
| Huang, LT; Lodge, D; Sherwood, JL; Sun, YJ; Wang, Y | 1 |
| Aihara, M; Araie, M; Chen, YN; Lee, KY; Nakayama, M | 1 |
| Barbosa, RM; Cadenas, E; Gerhardt, G; Laranjinha, J; Lourenço, CF; Santos, R | 1 |
| Calu, DJ; Haney, RZ; Hughes, BW; Schoenbaum, G; Takahashi, YK | 1 |
| Alves, FH; Busnardo, C; Correa, FM; Crestani, CC; Resstel, LB | 1 |
| Busnardo, C; Correa, FM; Crestani, CC; Resstel, LB; Tavares, RF | 1 |
| Bonci, A; Britt, JP; Edwards, RH; Hnasko, TS; Stuber, GD | 1 |
| Berridge, KC; Faure, A; Richard, JM | 1 |
| Ehlers, MD; Lee, MC; Yasuda, R | 1 |
| Wan, P; Wang, HQ; Xu, YX; Yan, J; Yang, R; Zhang, YP; Zhu, CQ | 1 |
| Baimoukhametova, DV; Bains, JS; Kuzmiski, JB; Marty, V | 1 |
| Nakagawa, T | 1 |
| Li, WC; Roberts, A; Soffe, SR | 1 |
| Menzler, J; Zeck, G | 1 |
| Chamberlain, SE; Jane, DE; Jones, RS | 1 |
| Alfaro, JM; Burgos, JS; Ripoll-Gómez, J | 1 |
| Carrillo, M; Melloni, RH; Ricci, LA | 1 |
| Adam, C; Baulac, M; Clemenceau, S; Cohen, I; Huberfeld, G; Le Van Quyen, M; Menendez de la Prida, L; Miles, R; Pallud, J | 1 |
| Babai, N; Chambers, JJ; Jackman, SL; Kramer, RH; Thoreson, WB | 1 |
| Overstreet-Wadiche, L; Rudolph, S; Wadiche, JI | 1 |
| Andresen, MC; Jin, YH | 1 |
| Berridge, KC; Richard, JM | 2 |
| Bowie, D; Maclean, DM | 1 |
| Dieni, CV; Markwardt, SJ; Overstreet-Wadiche, L; Wadiche, JI | 1 |
| Carter, AG; Chalifoux, JR | 1 |
| Ankeny, DP; Banerjee, R; Garg, SK; Guan, Z; Kigerl, KA; Lai, W; McTigue, DM; Popovich, PG; Wei, P | 1 |
| Bradley, SR; Flick, RB; Groover, KM; Hutson, PH; Lee, A; Uslaner, JM | 1 |
| Coccurello, R; Mele, A; Oliverio, A | 1 |
| Antunes-Rodrigues, J; Busnardo, C; Corrêa, FM; Crestani, CC; Resstel, LB; Tavares, RF | 1 |
| Dicken, MS; Hentges, ST; Tooker, RE | 1 |
| Cyr, D; Georgescu, M; Pfaus, JG | 1 |
| Arencibia-Albite, F; Figueroa, J; Jiménez-Rivera, CA; Schwarz, D; Vázquez-Torres, R; Velásquez-Martinez, MC; Vélez-Hernandez, ME | 1 |
| Bortolato, M; Castelli, MP; Casu, A; Chen, K; Devoto, P; Flore, G; Frau, R; Godar, SC; Melis, M; Roncada, P; Shih, JC; Soggiu, A; Urbani, A | 1 |
| Dong, J; Liu, C; Liu, D; Liu, XB; Luo, J; Min, S; Wei, K | 1 |
| Chen, B; Chen, L; Jiang, M; Liu, X; Wang, X; Wang, Y; Zhou, M | 1 |
| Calaza, KC; Guimarães-Souza, EM | 1 |
| Chai, S; Ellisman, MH; Ju, WK; Kim, KY; Lee, D; Lindsey, JD; Noh, YH; Weinreb, RN | 1 |
| Cheung, MC; Cheung, ZH; Ip, NY; Lai, KO; Liang, Z; Lok, KC; Palko, ME; Tessarollo, L; Wong, AS; Xie, H; Xu, P; Yung, WH | 1 |
| Cai, J; Han, Y; Li, J; Liu, W; Wang, H | 1 |
| Edwards, RH; Fields, HL; Hjelmstad, GO; Hnasko, TS | 1 |
| Appleyard, SM; Cui, RJ; Roberts, BL; Zhao, H; Zhu, M | 1 |
| Colbert, CM; Eskin, A; Pita-Almenar, JD; Zou, S | 1 |
| Chen, SR; Cheng, PW; Cheng, WH; Hong, LZ; Tseng, CJ; Wang, LL | 1 |
| Chen, L; Wang, L; Ye, JH; Zuo, W | 1 |
| Baranovic, J; Kasai, N; Madden, DR; Midgett, CR; Ramanujan, CS; Ryan, JF; Torimitsu, K | 1 |
| Ermolyuk, Y; Michaluk, P; Rusakov, DA; Savtchenko, LP; Sylantyev, S | 1 |
| Rodríguez-Moreno, A; Sihra, TS | 1 |
| Auberson, YP; Budri, M; Calcagno, M; Dekundy, A; Mabrouk, OS; Mela, F; Morari, M; Parsons, CG; Viaro, R | 1 |
| Bonci, A; Cho, SL; de Lecea, L; Deisseroth, K; Kempadoo, KA; Leinninger, GM; Magnani, F; Myers, MG; Stuber, GD; Tourino, C; Zhang, F | 1 |
| Bazan, N; Lu, Y; Pei, L; Shang, Y; Tian, Q; Wang, X; Wen, R; Yang, Y; Zhao, K; Zhu, LQ | 1 |
| Blachowicz, L; Ghisi, V; Lau, AY; Plested, AJ; Roux, B; Salazar, H | 1 |
| Dutta, G; Ghosh, T; Raj Goswami, A | 1 |
| Copeland, CS; Neale, SA; Salt, TE | 1 |
| Prosser, RA; Yamada, Y | 1 |
| Brown, AM; Chen, S; Evans, RD; Hamner, MA; Ransom, BR; Yang, X; Ye, ZC | 1 |
| Balsara, RD; Castellino, FJ; Donahue, DL; Ferreira, AN; Sheets, PL | 1 |
| Chen, PC; Heinzelmann, G; Kuyucak, S | 1 |
| Adrover, MF; Alvarez, VA; Shin, JH | 1 |
| Aihara, M; Araie, M; Chen, YN; Nakayama, M; Uchida, S | 1 |
| Adell, A; Auberson, YP; Campa, L; Jiménez-Sánchez, L | 1 |
| Li, M; Sobolevsky, AI; Yelshanskaya, MV | 1 |
| Glowatzki, E; Pyott, SJ; Sadeghi, SG; Yu, Z | 1 |
| Kuehn, L; Schmid, E; Stoehr, M; Waraczynski, M; Zwifelhofer, W | 1 |
| Feller, MB; Firl, A; Fuerst, PG; Ke, JB; Singer, JH; Zhang, L | 1 |
| Amaral-Martins, F; Campos, AC; de Oliveira, AC; Fiebich, BL; Lima, IV; Miranda, AS; Moraes, MF; Santos, RP; Sousa, LP; Teixeira, AL; Teixeira, MM; Vago, JP; Vieira, ÉL; Vieira, LB | 1 |
| Li, SS; McNally, GP | 1 |
| Liu, X; Wang, P; Wang, W; Xu, S | 1 |
| Carlsson, HA; Hesslow, G; Johansson, F; Rasmussen, A; Yeo, CH | 1 |
| Avoli, M; Hamidi, S; Herrington, R; Lévesque, M | 1 |
| Jang, JH; Jun, J; Jung, SJ; Kim, DW; Leem, JW; Nam, TS | 1 |
| Bergersen, LH; Brown, TA; Clayton, DA; Kopek, BG; Rinholm, JE; Tadross, MR; Tkachuk, AN; Vervaeke, K | 1 |
| Chitravanshi, VC; Kawabe, K; Sapru, HN | 1 |
| Forcelli, PA; Malkova, L; Wellman, LL | 1 |
| Artigas, F; Castañé, A; Gasull-Camós, J; Tarrés-Gatius, M | 1 |
| Conti, P; De Micheli, C; Hansen, KB; Lind, GE; Mou, TC; Pinto, A; Pomper, MG; Tamborini, L | 1 |
| Blümcke, I; Groemer, TW; Hackenbracht, J; Jablonski, J; Kiese, K; Kobow, K; Kornhuber, J; Wrosch, JK | 1 |
| Cho, YS; Kim, MH; Park, KY; Song, WS; Yoon, SH | 1 |
| Collingridge, GL; Jia, Z; Leung, C; Liu, A; Meng, Y; Park, P; Qi, J; Xia, S; Xie, W; Zhou, Z | 1 |
| Browning, KN; Clyburn, C; Travagli, RA | 1 |
| Chen, M; Dong, Y; Lai, B; Song, J; Zheng, P | 1 |
| Dudić, A; Reiner, A | 1 |
| Callison, JJ; Cook-Snyder, DR; McCarthy, N; Miller, JR; Navarrete-Opazo, AA; Palkovic, B; Stucke, AG; Stuth, EAE; Zuperku, EJ | 1 |
4 review(s) available for quinoxalines and glutamic acid
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Quinoxalinediones as excitatory amino acid antagonists in the vertebrate central nervous system.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Binding, Competitive; Central Nervous System; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Signal Transduction; Spinal Cord; Structure-Activity Relationship; Vertebrates | 1990 |
Glutamate-dopamine interactions in the basal ganglia: relationship to Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Basal Ganglia; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dopamine; Dopamine Agents; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Drug Synergism; Drug Tolerance; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Haplorhini; Humans; Mice; MPTP Poisoning; Oxidopamine; Parkinson Disease; Parkinson Disease, Secondary; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Dopamine; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission | 1993 |
[A novel photochemical model of the middle cerebral artery for thrombosis research and evaluation of anti-thrombotic agents].
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Evaluation; Fibrinolytic Agents; Fluorescent Dyes; Glutamic Acid; Intracranial Embolism and Thrombosis; Light; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Nicotinic Acids; Photochemistry; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Rose Bengal | 1997 |
The biochemistry, ultrastructure, and subunit assembly mechanism of AMPA receptors.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Brain; Cell Line; Crystallography, X-Ray; Dimerization; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Models, Molecular; Protein Conformation; Protein Subunits; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA | 2010 |
1 trial(s) available for quinoxalines and glutamic acid
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
[Use of the round window micro cath for inner ear therapy - results of a placebo-controlled, prospective study on chronic tinnitus].
Topics: Administration, Topical; Adult; Aged; Auditory Threshold; Catheters, Indwelling; Chronic Disease; Ear, Inner; Endoscopy; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Infusion Pumps; Lidocaine; Loudness Perception; Male; Middle Aged; Pain Measurement; Patient Satisfaction; Quinoxalines; Round Window, Ear; Tinnitus; Treatment Outcome | 2004 |
539 other study(ies) available for quinoxalines and glutamic acid
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Complex pharmacological properties of recombinant alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate receptor subtypes.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Binding Sites; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Oocytes; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Recombinant Proteins; Xenopus laevis | 1992 |
Administration of excitatory amino acid antagonists via microdialysis attenuates the increase in glucose utilization seen following concussive brain injury.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Brain; Brain Concussion; Dialysis; Energy Metabolism; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Ions; Kynurenic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1992 |
Agonist-stimulated inositol polyphosphate formation in cerebellum.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cerebellum; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Inositol Phosphates; Isomerism; Ketanserin; Male; Osmolar Concentration; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Serotonin; Time Factors | 1992 |
Differential induction of immediate early genes by excitatory amino acid receptor types in primary cultures of cortical and striatal neurons.
Topics: 1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Blotting, Northern; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; DNA-Binding Proteins; Early Growth Response Protein 1; Gene Expression Regulation; Genes, fos; Genes, jun; Genes, Regulator; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Immediate-Early Proteins; Isoquinolines; Neurons; Piperazines; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Proto-Oncogenes; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; RNA, Messenger; Sulfonamides; Transcription Factors | 1992 |
GABA inhibits ACh release from the rabbit retina: a direct effect or feedback to bipolar cells?
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Feedback; Female; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Light; Male; Muscimol; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rabbits; Retina | 1992 |
A further evaluation of the effects of K+ depolarization on glutamate-evoked [3H]dopamine release from striatal slices.
Topics: Animals; Corpus Striatum; Culture Techniques; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dopamine; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1992 |
Presynaptic modulation by GABAB receptors of glutamatergic excitation and GABAergic inhibition of neostriatal neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Baclofen; Corpus Callosum; Corpus Striatum; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Feedback; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, GABA-A; Synapses | 1992 |
Glutamate-induced long-term potentiation of the frequency of miniature synaptic currents in cultured hippocampal neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kinetics; Magnesium; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1992 |
Oxygen or glucose deprivation-induced neuronal injury in cortical cell cultures is reduced by tetanus toxin.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Dizocilpine Maleate; Electrophysiology; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Magnesium; Mice; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Oxygen; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Tetanus Toxin | 1992 |
Extracellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate-evoked glutamate release in cultured hippocampal neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Electrophysiology; Fetus; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tetrodotoxin | 1992 |
The non-NMDA antagonists, NBQX and GYKI 52466, protect against cortical and striatal cell loss following transient global ischaemia in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Cell Death; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Male; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1992 |
MK-801 selectively protects mouse arcuate neurons in vivo against glutamate toxicity.
Topics: Animals; Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Neurons; Quinoxalines | 1992 |
Receptor-coupled uptake of valproate in rat astroglial primary cultures.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; Biological Transport; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Clonidine; Drug Interactions; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Isoproterenol; Kainic Acid; Ketanserin; Phenylephrine; Prazosin; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Serotonin; Valproic Acid; Yohimbine | 1992 |
Estradiol selectively regulates agonist binding sites on the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor complex in the CA1 region of the hippocampus.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Binding Sites; Binding, Competitive; Estradiol; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Ovariectomy; Progesterone; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1992 |
Long-term and short-term electrophysiological effects of estrogen on the synaptic properties of hippocampal CA1 neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Estradiol; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Time Factors | 1992 |
Excitatory and inhibitory synaptic currents and receptors in rat medial septal neurones.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synapses; Synaptic Membranes | 1992 |
NBQX, an AMPA antagonist, reduces glutamate-mediated brain edema.
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain; Brain Edema; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hematocrit; Male; Oxadiazoles; Protamines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Serum Albumin | 1992 |
The effect of glutamate antagonists on c-fos expression induced in spinal neurons by irritation of the lower urinary tract.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Afferent Pathways; Animals; Decerebrate State; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Gene Expression; Genes, fos; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Irritants; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Spinal Cord; Urinary Tract | 1992 |
The effect of hypoxia on neurotransmitter phenotype of forebrain cholinergic neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Cell Hypoxia; Cells, Cultured; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Embryo, Mammalian; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Growth Factors; Neurons; Phenotype; Prosencephalon; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1992 |
Activation of kappa-opioid receptors depresses electrically evoked excitatory postsynaptic potentials on 5-HT-sensitive neurones in the rat dorsal raphé nucleus in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Afferent Pathways; Animals; Benzofurans; Bicuculline; Bombesin; Cholecystokinin; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Neurons; Picrotoxin; Prazosin; Pyrrolidines; Quinoxalines; Raphe Nuclei; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Serotonin; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1992 |
Interaction between thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and NMDA-receptor-mediated responses in hypoglossal motoneurones.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Stem; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Hypoglossal Nerve; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Motor Neurons; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Receptors, Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone | 1992 |
Activation of quisqualate metabotropic receptors reduces glutamate and GABA-mediated synaptic potentials in the rat striatum.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Cycloleucine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Neurotoxins; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synapses | 1992 |
AMPA and NMDA receptor antagonists do not decrease hippocampal glutamate concentrations during transient global ischemia.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Dizocilpine Maleate; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Quinoxalines; Rabbits; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Reperfusion | 1992 |
Presynaptic inhibition of miniature excitatory synaptic currents by baclofen and adenosine in the hippocampus.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Adenosine; Animals; Baclofen; Bicuculline; Cadmium; Calcium; Electric Conductivity; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, GABA-A; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1992 |
Energy requirements of glutamatergic pathways in rabbit retina.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Energy Metabolism; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kainic Acid; Light; Oxygen Consumption; Quinoxalines; Rabbits; Retina | 1992 |
Quisqualic acid-induced neurotoxicity is protected by NMDA and non-NMDA receptor antagonists.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Brain; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ion Channel Gating; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Mice; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1992 |
Dissociation of mu and delta opioid receptor-mediated reductions in evoked and spontaneous synaptic inhibition in the rat hippocampus in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Analgesics; Animals; Axons; Baclofen; Bicuculline; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Evoked Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neurons; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Synapses | 1992 |
Caroverine depresses the activity of cochlear glutamate receptors in guinea pigs: in vivo model for drug-induced neuroprotection?
Topics: Animals; Cochlea; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Male; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate | 1992 |
Glutamate-induced inhibition of paired pulse facilitation of monosynaptic excitatory post-synaptic potentials in frog spinal motoneurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Magnesium; Membrane Potentials; Motor Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rana catesbeiana; Spinal Cord | 1992 |
N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and non-NMDA (metabotropic) type glutamate receptors modulate the membrane potential of the Schwann cell of the squid giant nerve fibre.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Axons; Decapodiformes; Dipeptides; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Schwann Cells | 1992 |
A simple method for electrical field stimulation of cultured granule cells.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Neurons; Potassium Chloride; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Temperature; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine | 1992 |
Evidence for two independent mechanisms of GABA release induced by veratridine and glutamate in monolayer cultures of chick embryo retinal cells.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Chick Embryo; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Neurotransmitter Agents; Quinoxalines; Retina; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine | 1992 |
N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) and non-NMDA receptors regulating hippocampal norepinephrine release. I. Location on axon terminals and pharmacological characterization.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Axons; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Magnesium; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Norepinephrine; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synaptosomes | 1992 |
Presynaptic modulation of amino acid release from synaptosomes.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Amino Acids; Animals; Brain; Calcium; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; Kinetics; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Potassium Chloride; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Synapses; Synaptosomes | 1992 |
Fast excitatory postsynaptic potentials and the responses to excitant amino acids of sympathetic preganglionic neurons in the slice of the cat spinal cord.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cats; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Ganglia, Sympathetic; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spinal Cord; Synapses | 1992 |
Developmental regulation of NMDA receptor-mediated synaptic currents at a central synapse.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aging; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Ion Channels; Magnesium; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Picrotoxin; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Superior Colliculi; Synapses; Time Factors | 1992 |
Hyperalgesia mediated by spinal glutamate or substance P receptor blocked by spinal cyclooxygenase inhibition.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hyperalgesia; Ibotenic Acid; Injections, Spinal; N-Methylaspartate; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Neurokinin-1; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Receptors, Tachykinin; Substance P | 1992 |
ATP receptor-mediated synaptic currents in the central nervous system.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Acetylcholine; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Bicuculline; Brain; Chlorocebus aethiops; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Ganglionic Blockers; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Ion Channels; Kynurenic Acid; Mecamylamine; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Signal Transduction; Suramin; Tetrodotoxin | 1992 |
Evidence for a glutamate receptor of the AMPA subtype which mediates insulin release from rat perfused pancreas.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Atropine; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Insulin; Kainic Acid; Male; Pancreas; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Tetrodotoxin | 1992 |
Release of endogenous and newly synthesized glutamate and of other amino acids induced by non-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation in cerebellar granule cell cultures.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Exocytosis; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Taurine | 1991 |
Cell damage associated with changing the medium of mesencephalic cultures in serum-free medium is mediated via N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Buffers; Cells, Cultured; Culture Media; Dizocilpine Maleate; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Mesencephalon; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1991 |
Glutamate and GABA-mediated synaptic currents in neurons of the rat dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Brain Stem; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Evoked Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Picrotoxin; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Strychnine; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Vagus Nerve | 1991 |
Electrogenic uptake contributes a major component of the depolarizing action of L-glutamate in rat hippocampal slices.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Biological Transport, Active; Electrophysiology; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Homocysteine; In Vitro Techniques; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Synaptic Transmission | 1991 |
Neurotoxicity caused by glutamate after subcritical hypoxia is prevented by 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX): an in vitro study using rat hippocampal neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypoxia; Nervous System Diseases; Neurons; Pregnancy; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1991 |
Excitatory amino acid receptors coupled to the nitric oxide/cyclic GMP pathway in rat cerebellum during development.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aging; Amino Acids; Animals; Cerebellum; Cyclic GMP; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Nitric Oxide; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Tetrodotoxin | 1991 |
Regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acidA receptor subunit expression by activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate-selective glutamate receptors.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Base Sequence; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Down-Regulation; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Molecular Sequence Data; Muscimol; N-Methylaspartate; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; RNA, Messenger | 1991 |
Accumulation of extracellular glutamate and neuronal death in astrocyte-poor cortical cultures exposed to glutamine.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Astrocytes; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Extracellular Space; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Pipecolic Acids; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1991 |
Synaptic responses of guinea pig cingulate cortical neurons in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Baclofen; Bicuculline; Electrophysiology; Epilepsy; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Gyrus Cinguli; Magnesium; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Synapses | 1991 |
Dorsal root potentials in the isolated frog spinal cord: amino acid neurotransmitters and magnesium ions.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Bicuculline; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Magnesium; Neurons, Afferent; Picrotoxin; Potassium; Potassium Channels; Quinoxalines; Rana pipiens; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Spinal Nerve Roots; Synaptic Transmission | 1991 |
GABA and glutamate interact in the substantia innominata/lateral preoptic area to modulate locomotor activity.
Topics: 2-Aminoadipic Acid; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Ibotenic Acid; Male; Motor Activity; Muscimol; N-Methylaspartate; Picrotoxin; Preoptic Area; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1991 |
Quantitative autoradiographic study of L-glutamate binding sites in normal and atrophic human cerebellum.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adolescent; Adult; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Cerebellum; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Ibotenic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Olivopontocerebellar Atrophies; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1991 |
Baclofen and adenosine inhibit synaptic potentials mediated by gamma-aminobutyric acid and glutamate release in rat nucleus accumbens.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Adenosine; Animals; Baclofen; Bicuculline; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Nucleus Accumbens; Phenylisopropyladenosine; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Purinergic; Synapses | 1991 |
Selective blockade of non-NMDA receptors does not block rapidly triggered glutamate-induced neuronal death.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cell Line; Cell Survival; Cerebral Cortex; Fetus; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Kainic Acid; Mice; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1991 |
Cell excitation enhances muscarinic cholinergic responses in rat association cortex.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Atropine; Cadmium; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Carbachol; Cerebral Cortex; Electrophysiology; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Potassium Channels; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Muscarinic; Synapses | 1991 |
Synaptic responses of guinea pig and rat central amygdala neurons in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Acetylcholine; Adenosine; Amino Acids; Amygdala; Animals; Baclofen; Electric Stimulation; Electrodes; Evoked Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Synapses | 1991 |
Domoic acid enhances the K(+)-evoked release of endogenous glutamate from guinea pig hippocampal mossy fiber synaptosomes.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Drug Synergism; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Male; Nerve Fibers; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Synaptosomes | 1991 |
Heterogeneity of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor ionophore complex in rat brain, as revealed by ligand binding techniques.
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Dizocilpine Maleate; Drug Synergism; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Ligands; Male; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1991 |
Activation kinetics reveal the number of glutamate and glycine binding sites on the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Binding Sites; Cells, Cultured; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; Kinetics; Neurons; Osmolar Concentration; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1991 |
Mediation of visual responses in the nucleus of the optic tract in cats and rats by excitatory amino acid receptors.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cats; Evoked Potentials; Evoked Potentials, Visual; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Optic Chiasm; Photic Stimulation; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1991 |
Excitatory transmission in the basolateral amygdala.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Amino Acids; Amygdala; Animals; Cerebrospinal Fluid; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neurons, Afferent; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1991 |
Alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid electrophysiological and neurotoxic effects in the guinea-pig cochlea.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Cochlear Microphonic Potentials; Dendrites; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Hair Cells, Auditory, Inner; Ibotenic Acid; Male; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synaptic Transmission; Vestibulocochlear Nerve | 1991 |
Receptor sub-types involved in responses of Purkinje cell to exogenous excitatory amino acids and local electrical stimulation in cerebellar slices in the rat.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Bicuculline; Cerebellum; Electric Stimulation; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Purkinje Cells; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1991 |
Glutamate as a putative neurotransmitter in the buccal central pattern generator of Helisoma trivolvis.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cheek; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Motor Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Snails; Synapses | 1991 |
Pharmacological evidence for N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors on nigrostriatal dopaminergic nerve terminals.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; In Vitro Techniques; Magnesium; Nerve Endings; Phencyclidine; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Substantia Nigra; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin | 1991 |
Excitotoxicity in the embryonic chick spinal cord.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Amino Acids, Diamino; Animals; beta-Alanine; Chick Embryo; Cyanobacteria Toxins; Dizocilpine Maleate; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Motor Neurons; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Degeneration; Neurotoxins; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Spinal Cord | 1991 |
Evidence that activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and non-NMDA receptors within the nucleus tractus solitarii triggers swallowing.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Decerebrate State; Deglutition; Facial Nerve; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Medulla Oblongata; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1991 |
Neurotoxic activation of glutamate receptors induces an extended neuronal depolarization in cultured hippocampal neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cells, Cultured; Dizocilpine Maleate; Electrophysiology; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1991 |
Sensitivity of rubrospinal neurons to excitatory amino acids in the rat red nucleus in vivo.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Afferent Pathways; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cats; Cerebellum; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Iontophoresis; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Red Nucleus; Species Specificity | 1991 |
Murine brain macrophages induced NMDA receptor mediated neurotoxicity in vitro by secreting glutamate.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; Brain; Cells, Cultured; Dizocilpine Maleate; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Macrophages; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Neuroglia; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1991 |
Glutamate, kainate and quisqualate enhance GABA-dependent chloride uptake in cortex.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Biological Transport; Cerebral Cortex; Chloride Channels; Chlorides; Dizocilpine Maleate; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ion Channels; Kainic Acid; Male; Membrane Proteins; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, GABA-A | 1990 |
Endogenous nitric oxide release required for long-term synaptic depression in the cerebellum.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acid Oxidoreductases; Animals; Arginine; Cerebellum; Cyclic GMP; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hemoglobins; Male; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; omega-N-Methylarginine; Potassium; Purkinje Cells; Pyridines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Synapses | 1991 |
Reduction of desensitization of a glutamate ionotropic receptor by antagonists.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; Ion Channels; Membrane Potentials; Oocytes; Purkinje Cells; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Xenopus | 1991 |
Autoradiographic characterization and localization of quisqualate binding sites in rat brain using the antagonist [3H]6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione: comparison with (R,S)-[3H]alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid binding sites.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Autoradiography; Binding Sites; Brain; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Oxadiazoles; Oxazoles; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tissue Distribution | 1990 |
6,7-Dichloroquinoxaline-2,3-dione is a competitive antagonist specific to strychnine-insensitive [3H]glycine binding sites on the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor complex.
Topics: Animals; Binding Sites; Dibenzocycloheptenes; Dizocilpine Maleate; Drug Resistance; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Strychnine; Synaptic Membranes; Tritium | 1990 |
Glutamate neurotoxicity in vitro: antagonist pharmacology and intracellular calcium concentrations.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Intracellular Membranes; Kainic Acid; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Osmolar Concentration; Quinoxalines | 1990 |
Stimulation of dopamine release from cultured rat mesencephalic cells by naturally occurring excitatory amino acids: involvement of both N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and non-NMDA receptor subtypes.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Dibenzocycloheptenes; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dopamine; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Mesencephalon; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Stimulation, Chemical | 1990 |
Masking effect of NMDA receptor antagonists on the formation of long-term potentiation (LTP) in superior colliculus slices from the guinea pig.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Denervation; Dibenzocycloheptenes; Dipeptides; Dizocilpine Maleate; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Magnesium; Mice; Nerve Degeneration; Optic Nerve; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Superior Colliculi; Visual Cortex | 1990 |
Presynaptic glutamate/quisqualate receptors: effects on synaptosomal free calcium concentrations.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Calcium; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; Male; Phosphoserine; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synapses; Synaptosomes | 1990 |
Glutamate, the dominant excitatory transmitter in neuroendocrine regulation.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Axons; Calcium; Electric Stimulation; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hypothalamus; Immunohistochemistry; Kainic Acid; Microscopy, Electron; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Second Messenger Systems; Synapses | 1990 |
Quisqualate-induced changes in extracellular sodium and calcium concentrations persist in the combined presence of NMDA and non-NMDA receptor antagonists in rat hippocampal slices.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Calcium; Evoked Potentials; Extracellular Space; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Ketamine; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sodium | 1990 |
The glutamate-mediated release of dopamine in the rat striatum: further characterization of the dual excitatory-inhibitory function.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Bicuculline; Caudate Nucleus; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reference Values; Tetrodotoxin; Tritium; Tyrosine | 1990 |
Two distinct quisqualate receptors regulate Ca2+ homeostasis in hippocampal neurons in vitro.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Homeostasis; In Vitro Techniques; Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate; Inositol Phosphates; Mice; Oxadiazoles; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synapses | 1989 |
Delayed increase of Ca2+ influx elicited by glutamate: role in neuronal death.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Biological Transport; Calcium; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Protein Kinase C; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1989 |
Delayed rescue of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated neuronal injury in cortical culture.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Mice; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Sodium; Valine | 1989 |
Effects of CNQX, APB, PDA, and kynurenate on horizontal cells of the tiger salamander retina.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Light; Membrane Potentials; Photoreceptor Cells; Pipecolic Acids; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Retina; Urodela | 1989 |
Anticonvulsant properties of 3-hydroxy-2-quinoxalinecarboxylic acid, a newly found antagonist of excitatory amino acids.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Aspartic Acid; Electroencephalography; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; N-Methylaspartate; Picrotoxin; Pyrrolidines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Sodium; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1985 |
Reduction of glutamate responses by caroverine at the crayfish neuromuscular junction.
Topics: Animals; Astacoidea; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Neuromuscular Junction; Quinoxalines | 1983 |
Effects of caroverine and diltiazem on synaptic responses, L-glutamate-induced depolarization and potassium efflux in the frog spinal cord.
Topics: Animals; Benzazepines; Diltiazem; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Microelectrodes; Motor Neurons; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Rana catesbeiana; Spinal Nerve Roots; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Vasodilator Agents | 1984 |
Pharmacological modification of glutamate neurotoxicity in vivo.
Topics: Amino Acid Oxidoreductases; Animals; Arginine; Benzofurans; Blood Pressure; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Neurons; Neurotoxins; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Pyrimidines; Pyrrolidines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Time Factors | 1993 |
Excitatory amino acid antagonists protect cochlear auditory neurons from excitotoxicity.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Amino Acids; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cochlea; Cochlear Microphonic Potentials; Dendrites; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Hair Cells, Auditory, Inner; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons, Afferent; Neurotransmitter Agents; Perfusion; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1994 |
Involvement of substance P and excitatory amino acids in aversive behavior elicited by intrathecal capsaicin.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Biphenyl Compounds; Capsaicin; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Injections, Spinal; Male; Nociceptors; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reinforcement, Psychology; Substance P; Synaptic Transmission | 1994 |
The effect of experimental ischaemia and excitatory amino acid agonists on the GABA and serotonin immunoreactivities in the rabbit retina.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Cycloleucine; Dextromethorphan; Eye Proteins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Intraocular Pressure; Ischemia; Kainic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Memantine; N-Methylaspartate; Oxygen; Potassium Cyanide; Quinoxalines; Rabbits; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Retina; Retinal Vessels; Serotonin | 1994 |
Effects of L-glutamate on the responses to nerve stimulation in rat isolated atria.
Topics: Adrenergic Fibers; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Atrial Function; Electric Stimulation; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Heart Atria; Heart Rate; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; N-Methylaspartate; Norepinephrine; Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 1994 |
Characterization of the excitotoxic potential of the reversible succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor malonate.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Body Temperature; Brain Diseases; Cell Death; Corpus Striatum; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Isoquinolines; Male; Malonates; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Succinate Dehydrogenase | 1995 |
Regional variations in the pharmacology of AMPA receptors as revealed by receptor autoradiography.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Autoradiography; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Cerebellar Cortex; Glutamic Acid; Indoles; Male; Molecular Structure; Prosencephalon; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Sulfonamides | 1994 |
Exacerbation of NMDA, AMPA, and L-glutamate excitotoxicity by the succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor malonate.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Brain; Brain Diseases; Dizocilpine Maleate; Drug Synergism; Glutamic Acid; Male; Malonates; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Succinate Dehydrogenase | 1995 |
A glutamate-activated chloride current in cone-driven ON bipolar cells of the white perch retina.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Chloride Channels; Chlorides; Cycloleucine; Dendrites; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Neurotoxins; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Perches; Picrotoxin; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Retina; Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells; Strychnine | 1995 |
Evidence for N-methyl-D-aspartate and AMPA subtypes of the glutamate receptor on substantia nigra dopamine neurons: possible preferential role for N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Dopamine; Glutamic Acid; Iontophoresis; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Substantia Nigra | 1995 |
Subchronic morphine increases amphetamine-induced potentiation of brain stimulation reward: reversal by DNQX.
Topics: Amphetamine; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Conditioning, Operant; Glutamic Acid; Male; Morphine; Prosencephalon; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reward; Time Factors | 1995 |
Purinergic inhibition of GABA and glutamate release in the thalamus: implications for thalamic network activity.
Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Bicuculline; Electric Conductivity; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Purinergic P1; Synapses; Thalamus; Theophylline | 1995 |
Blockers of NMDA-operated channels decrease glutamate and aspartate extracellular accumulation in striatum during forebrain ischaemia in rats.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Corpus Striatum; Dizocilpine Maleate; Glutamic Acid; Magnesium; Male; Microdialysis; Prosencephalon; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1995 |
Thiocyanate equally increases affinity for two DL-alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor states.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Binding Sites; Brain; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Thiocyanates | 1993 |
Activation of metabotropic glutamate receptors produces reciprocal regulation of ionotropic glutamate and GABA responses in the nucleus of the tractus solitarius of the rat.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Cycloleucine; Electrophysiology; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Muscimol; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Synapses | 1993 |
Glutamate dehydrogenase improves binding of [3H]CGP39653 to NMDA receptors in the autoradiographic assay.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Autoradiography; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1993 |
Glutamate receptor-induced 45Ca2+ accumulation in cortical cell culture correlates with subsequent neuronal degeneration.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Radioisotopes; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate | 1993 |
Glutamate receptor agonists enhance the expression of BDNF mRNA in cultured cerebellar granule cells.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Kynurenic Acid; Molecular Weight; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Growth Factors; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA; RNA, Messenger; Tetrodotoxin; Transcription, Genetic | 1993 |
The role of amino acid neurotransmitters in the descending control of electroreception.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Amino Acids; Animals; Bicuculline; Dendrites; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Fishes; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; Microinjections; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Sensory Receptor Cells | 1993 |
Glutamate receptor-induced cyclic GMP formation in primary cultures of mesencephalic neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Amino Acid Oxidoreductases; Animals; Arginine; Carbachol; Cells, Cultured; Cyclic GMP; Fetus; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Mesencephalon; Mice; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitroarginine; Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate | 1993 |
Voltage- and transmitter-gated currents of all-amacrine cells in a slice preparation of the rat retina.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Cobalt; Electrophysiology; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Ion Channel Gating; Ion Channels; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Potassium Channels; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Amino Acid; Retina; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Sodium Channels; Strychnine; Synapses; Tetraethylammonium; Tetraethylammonium Compounds; Tetrodotoxin | 1993 |
Amyloid beta-protein activates tachykinin receptors and inositol trisphosphate accumulation by synergy with glutamate.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acid Sequence; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Analgesics; Animals; Calcium; Drug Synergism; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate; Kinetics; Molecular Sequence Data; Neurons; Oocytes; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurokinin-1; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; RNA, Messenger; Sodium; Substance P; Xenopus | 1993 |
Glutamate stimulates glucagon secretion via an excitatory amino acid receptor of the AMPA subtype in rat pancreas.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Glucagon; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Islets of Langerhans; Kainic Acid; Male; Pancreas; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1993 |
A pharmacological characterization of the mGluR1 alpha subtype of the metabotropic glutamate receptor expressed in a cloned baby hamster kidney cell line.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Amino Acids, Diamino; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Cell Line; Cell Membrane; Clone Cells; Cricetinae; Cyanobacteria Toxins; Dizocilpine Maleate; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; Inositol Phosphates; Kidney; Kinetics; Neurotoxins; Pertussis Toxin; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, Glutamate; Recombinant Proteins; Transfection; Virulence Factors, Bordetella | 1993 |
Excitatory amino acid receptor mediation of sensory inputs to functionally identified dorsal horn neurons in cat spinal cord.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Cats; Decerebrate State; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Ketamine; Kynurenic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spinal Cord; Synapses | 1993 |
Effects of L-glutamate, substance P and substance P(1-7) on cardiovascular regulation in the nucleus tractus solitarius.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Blood Pressure; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Heart Rate; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Molecular Sequence Data; N-Methylaspartate; Peptide Fragments; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reference Values; Stereotaxic Techniques; Substance P | 1993 |
Glutamate, GABA, glycine and taurine modulate serotonin synthesis and release in rostral and caudal rhombencephalic raphe cells in primary cultures.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Embryo, Mammalian; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Kinetics; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Raphe Nuclei; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Serotonin; Taurine; Tryptophan | 1993 |
Effects of bromohomoibotenate on metabotropic glutamate receptors.
Topics: Aminobutyrates; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Cell Line; Cerebral Cortex; Cricetinae; Cyclic AMP; Cycloleucine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hydrolysis; Ibotenic Acid; Kidney; Membranes; Phosphatidylinositols; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Stereoisomerism | 1994 |
Accumulation of extracellular glutamate by inhibition of its uptake is not sufficient for inducing neuronal damage: an in vivo microdialysis study.
Topics: Animals; Cell Death; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Corpus Striatum; Dicarboxylic Acids; Dizocilpine Maleate; Extracellular Space; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; Pyrrolidines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 1995 |
Presynaptic influence on the time course of fast excitatory synaptic currents in cultured hippocampal cells.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Benzothiadiazines; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kinetics; Magnesium; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Time Factors | 1995 |
Modulation of D-[2,3 3H]aspartate release from rat forebrain slices by non-NMDA receptor agonists and antagonists.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Aspartic Acid; Benzodiazepines; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Prosencephalon; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tritium | 1995 |
BW1003C87 and NBQX but not CGS19755 reduce glutamate release and cerebral ischemic necrosis.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Microdialysis; N-Methylaspartate; Necrosis; Neurons; Observer Variation; Pipecolic Acids; Prosencephalon; Pyrimidines; Quinoxalines; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Reperfusion Injury | 1994 |
Characteristics and localization of high-affinity kainate sites in slide-mounted sections of rat cerebellum.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Binding, Competitive; Cerebellum; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Male; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Tritium | 1994 |
Comparison of the superfused efflux of preaccumulated D-[3H]aspartate and endogenous L-aspartate and L-glutamate from rat cerebrocortical minislices.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Biological Transport; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Male; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stereoisomerism; Tetrodotoxin | 1994 |
Ca2+ influx into leech glial cells and neurones caused by pharmacologically distinct glutamate receptors.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Intracellular Membranes; Kainic Acid; Leeches; Neuroglia; Neurons; Nickel; Osmolar Concentration; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, Glutamate; Sodium | 1994 |
Effects of ionotropic excitatory amino acid receptor antagonists on glutamate transport and transport-mediated changes in extracellular excitatory amino acids in the rat striatum.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Biological Transport; Corpus Striatum; Dicarboxylic Acids; Excitatory Amino Acids; Extracellular Space; Female; Glutamic Acid; Microdialysis; Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; Pyrrolidines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Amino Acid | 1995 |
Several types of Ca2+ channels mediate glutamatergic synaptic responses to activation of single Thy-1-immunolabeled rat retinal ganglion neurons.
Topics: Animals; Bicuculline; Calcium Channels; Cells, Cultured; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Nifedipine; Nitrendipine; omega-Agatoxin IVA; omega-Conotoxin GVIA; Peptides; Quinoxalines; Rats; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Spider Venoms; Synaptic Transmission; Thy-1 Antigens | 1995 |
Effects of memantine on synaptic transmission in the hippocampus in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Electric Stimulation; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Interneurons; Long-Term Potentiation; Male; Memantine; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Serine; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Theta Rhythm | 1995 |
Excitatory amino acid-induced phosphoinositide hydrolysis in Müller glia.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Chickens; Dizocilpine Maleate; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hydrolysis; Inositol Phosphates; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Neuroglia; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, Amino Acid; Retina; Tritium | 1993 |
Blockade of the locomotor stimulant effects of cocaine and methamphetamine by glutamate antagonists.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Cocaine; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Methamphetamine; Mice; Motor Activity; Pyrrolidinones; Quinoxalines | 1993 |
Electrophysiological properties of neurons in the rat subiculum in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Evoked Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Synapses | 1993 |
Mechanisms of anoxia-induced depolarization in brainstem neurons: in vitro current and voltage clamp studies in the adult rat.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Brain Stem; Dizocilpine Maleate; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia, Brain; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Microelectrodes; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Quinoxalines; Rats; Sodium | 1993 |
Spinal cord amino acid release and content in an arthritis model: the effects of pretreatment with non-NMDA, NMDA, and NK1 receptor antagonists.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Arthritis; Biphenyl Compounds; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Lidocaine; Male; Microdialysis; Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spinal Cord | 1993 |
Picolinic acid modulates kainic acid-evoked glutamate release from the striatum in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Corpus Striatum; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Picolinic Acids; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 1993 |
Activation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II and phosphorylation of intermediate filament proteins by stimulation of glutamate receptors in cultured rat cortical astrocytes.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Alanine; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Dizocilpine Maleate; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Immunoblotting; Ionomycin; Molecular Weight; Phosphoproteins; Phosphorylation; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Vimentin | 1994 |
Modulation of glutamate-induced intracellular energy failure in neonatal cerebral cortical slices by kynurenic acid, dizocilpine, and NBQX.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cerebral Cortex; Dizocilpine Maleate; Energy Metabolism; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Intracellular Membranes; Kynurenic Acid; Neurotoxins; Phosphocreatine; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 1994 |
Glutamate-dopamine interactions in the production of pilocarpine motor seizures in the mouse.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Animals; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dopamine Agents; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Pilocarpine; Piperazines; Pyrrolidinones; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Seizures | 1993 |
Spontaneous synaptic activities in rat nucleus tractus solitarius neurons in vitro: evidence for re-excitatory processing.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Signal Transduction; Solitary Nucleus; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1993 |
Quantal components of unitary EPSCs at the mossy fibre synapse on CA3 pyramidal cells of rat hippocampus.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Magnesium; Models, Neurological; Pyramidal Cells; Quantum Theory; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1993 |
The first developing "mixed" synapses between vestibular sensory neurons mediate glutamate chemical transmission.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Chick Embryo; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Intercellular Junctions; Lysine; Neurons, Afferent; Quinoxalines; Reflex, Vestibulo-Ocular; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Vestibular Nerve | 1994 |
Glutamate uptake inhibition by oxygen free radicals in rat cortical astrocytes.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Antioxidants; Astrocytes; Biological Transport; Catalase; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Chloromercuribenzoates; Dithionitrobenzoic Acid; Dithiothreitol; Ethylmaleimide; Free Radical Scavengers; Free Radicals; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Hydrogen Peroxide; Kinetics; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; p-Chloromercuribenzoic Acid; Quinoxalines; Rats; Superoxide Dismutase; Time Factors; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1994 |
Glutamate as a neuron-to-glial signal for mitogenesis: role of glial N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cell Division; Cells, Cultured; Dizocilpine Maleate; DNA; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Middle Aged; N-Methylaspartate; Neuroglia; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Retina; Signal Transduction | 1993 |
The Na(+)-dependent binding of [3H]L-aspartate in thaw-mounted sections of rat forebrain.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Autoradiography; Dicarboxylic Acids; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Male; Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; Presynaptic Terminals; Prosencephalon; Pyrrolidines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Amino Acid; Sodium | 1994 |
Release of 3H-noradrenaline by excitatory amino acids from rat mediobasal hypothalamus and the influence of aging.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aging; Amino Acids; Animals; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hypothalamus, Middle; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Norepinephrine; Quinoxalines; Rats; Tritium | 1994 |
Spontaneous Ca2+ transients in developing hippocampal pyramidal cells.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Aniline Compounds; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Lasers; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Picrotoxin; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA; Receptors, Glutamate; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Xanthenes | 1994 |
A centrally active drug that modulates AMPA receptor gated currents.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Dioxoles; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Membrane Potentials; Organ Culture Techniques; Piperidines; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA | 1994 |
Over-additive protective effect of dizocilpine and NBQX against neuronal damage.
Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Dizocilpine Maleate; Drug Synergism; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Male; Mice; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA | 1994 |
Non-NMDA receptors mediate glutamate-induced depolarization in frog crista ampullaris.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Afferent Pathways; Animals; Calcium; Ear, Inner; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Nerve Fibers; Quinoxalines; Rana esculenta; Receptors, Cell Surface; Sodium | 1994 |
Glutamate-stimulated phosphatidylinositol metabolism in the avian cochlear nucleus.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Chickens; Cochlear Nucleus; Cyclopentanes; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Inositol Phosphates; Lithium Chloride; Phosphatidylinositols; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1994 |
Glutamate agonists and [3H]GABA release from rat hippocampal slices: involvement of metabotropic glutamate receptors in the quisqualate-evoked release.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Dizocilpine Maleate; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1994 |
Kainic acid stimulates uptake of divalent cations in postnatal cochlear neurons.
Topics: Animals; Cations, Divalent; Cobalt; Cochlea; Cricetinae; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Organ Culture Techniques; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1994 |
Glutamatergic hippocampal formation projections to prefrontal cortex in the rat are regulated by GABAergic inhibition and show convergence with glutamatergic projections from the limbic thalamus.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Baclofen; Bicuculline; Brain Mapping; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; GABA-B Receptor Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Limbic System; Male; Neurons; Organophosphorus Compounds; Piperazines; Prefrontal Cortex; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Thalamus | 1994 |
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor mediated component of field potentials evoked in horizontal pathways of rat motor cortex.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory; Female; Glutamic Acid; Male; Motor Cortex; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reaction Time; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1994 |
Modulation of edema by dizocilpine, kynurenate, and NBQX in respiring brain slices after exposure to glutamate.
Topics: Animals; Brain Edema; Cerebral Cortex; Culture Techniques; Dizocilpine Maleate; Energy Metabolism; Glutamic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Organ Size; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Sodium Channels | 1994 |
Intracellular calcium levels during the period of delayed excitotoxicity.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Calcium; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kinetics; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate | 1993 |
Interactions between the glycine and glutamate binding sites of the NMDA receptor.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Binding Sites; Cells, Cultured; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; Kinetics; Neurons; Pyrrolidinones; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Time Factors | 1993 |
The effects of intrathecal administration of excitatory amino acid agonists and antagonists on the initiation of locomotion in the adult cat.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Cats; Decerebrate State; Electromyography; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hindlimb; Injections, Spinal; Kainic Acid; Laminectomy; Locomotion; Motor Activity; Muscles; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Spinal Cord; Time Factors | 1993 |
Blockade of excitatory amino acid receptors in the ventrolateral medulla does not abolish the cardiovascular actions of L-glutamate.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Blood Pressure; Cardiovascular System; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Heart Rate; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Microinjections; Quinoxalines; Rabbits; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Receptors, Amino Acid | 1993 |
Glutamate antagonists in the reticular formation reduce the acoustic startle response.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Acoustic Stimulation; Animals; Depression, Chemical; Electromyography; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microinjections; Pons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reflex, Startle; Reticular Formation | 1993 |
Intrinsic proton modulation of excitatory transmission in rat hippocampal slices.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Acid-Base Equilibrium; Animals; Benzolamide; Buffers; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Microelectrodes; Protons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission | 1993 |
An experimental arthritis model in rats: the effects of NMDA and non-NMDA antagonists on aspartate and glutamate release in the dorsal horn.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Arthritis; Aspartic Acid; Carrageenan; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Injections, Intra-Articular; Kaolin; Knee Joint; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spinal Cord | 1993 |
Neuronal synchronization without calcium-dependent synaptic transmission in the hypothalamus.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Bicuculline; Calcium; Circadian Rhythm; Electric Stimulation; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hypothalamus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1993 |
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 coat protein neurotoxicity mediated by nitric oxide in primary cortical cultures.
Topics: Animals; Arginine; Calcium; Cell Death; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Cyclic GMP; Dantrolene; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fetus; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hemoglobins; HIV Envelope Protein gp120; HIV-1; Inositol Phosphates; Models, Neurological; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Nifedipine; Nitric Oxide; Nitroarginine; Quinoxalines; Rats | 1993 |
Release of GABA from rat hippocampal slices: involvement of quisqualate/N-methyl-D-aspartate-gated ionophores and extracellular magnesium.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Dizocilpine Maleate; Extracellular Space; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Ion Channel Gating; Magnesium; Male; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1993 |
Two functionally different glutamate receptors of the kainate subtype in embryonic rat mesencephalic cells.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Embryonic and Fetal Development; Female; Flow Cytometry; Gestational Age; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Mesencephalon; Pregnancy; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Sodium Channels; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine | 1993 |
Inhibition of high voltage-activated calcium currents by L-glutamate receptor-mediated calcium influx.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Egtazic Acid; Electric Conductivity; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hypothalamus; Imidazoles; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Trifluoperazine | 1993 |
Pathophysiology of the glutamatergic synapses in the cochlea.
Topics: Animals; Cochlea; Dendrites; Dopamine; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Hair Cells, Auditory, Inner; Ischemia; Piribedil; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Synapses; Vestibulocochlear Nerve | 1993 |
Glutamate neurons in hypothalamus regulate excitatory transmission.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hypothalamus; Microscopy, Electron; N-Methylaspartate; Neurites; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1993 |
Depolarization by K+ and glutamate activates different neurotransmitter release mechanisms in GABAergic neurons: vesicular versus non-vesicular release of GABA.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cobalt; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Nipecotic Acids; Nocodazole; Potassium; Pregnancy; Quinoxalines; Receptors, GABA-A; Synaptic Vesicles; Verapamil | 1993 |
High-affinity kainate binding sites in living slices of rat neocortex: characterization and regulation.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Age Factors; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Cerebral Cortex; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Veratridine | 1993 |
Cytoplasmic calcium buffer, calbindin-D28k, is regulated by excitatory amino acids.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Calbindin 1; Calbindins; Calcium; Cerebellar Cortex; Cytoplasm; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Purkinje Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; S100 Calcium Binding Protein G; Up-Regulation | 1993 |
Platelet-activating factor inhibits excitatory transmission in rat neostriatum.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Azepines; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Neostriatum; Neural Inhibition; Platelet Activating Factor; Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; Triazoles | 1993 |
Evidence for enhanced synaptic excitation in transplanted neostriatal neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Electrophysiology; Fetal Tissue Transplantation; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Neostriatum; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Substantia Nigra; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1993 |
Depression of glutamatergic and GABAergic synaptic responses in striatal spiny neurons by stimulation of presynaptic GABAB receptors.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Baclofen; Bicuculline; Corpus Striatum; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Lidocaine; Male; Neurons; Pregnanolone; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA-B; Sodium Channel Blockers; Synapses | 1993 |
Characterization of the glutamate receptors mediating release of somatostatin from cultured hippocampal neurons.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cycloleucine; Dizocilpine Maleate; Drug Synergism; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Somatostatin; Tetrodotoxin | 1996 |
AMPA receptors shape Ca2+ responses in cortical oligodendrocyte progenitors and CG-4 cells.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Benzothiadiazines; Calcium; Cell Line; Cells, Cultured; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Oligodendroglia; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Time Factors | 1995 |
Choline substitution for sodium triggers glutamate and adenosine release from rat hippocampal slices.
Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Choline; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Membrane Potentials; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sodium | 1995 |
Modulation of adenosine-induced cAMP accumulation via metabotropic glutamate receptors in chick optic tectum.
Topics: Adenosine; Alanine; Animals; Benzoates; Chickens; Cyclic AMP; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Superior Colliculi | 1995 |
Context-dependent synaptic action of glycinergic and GABAergic inputs in the dorsal cochlear nucleus.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Action Potentials; Afferent Pathways; Animals; Cochlear Nucleus; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Inbred CBA; Muscimol; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Synaptic Transmission; Time Factors | 1996 |
Components of glial responses to exogenous and synaptic glutamate in rat hippocampal microcultures.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Cells, Cultured; Cycloleucine; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Microglia; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Tacrine | 1996 |
Extended studies on the effect of glutamate antagonists on ischemic CA-1 damage.
Topics: Animals; Brain Damage, Chronic; Brain Ischemia; Brain Mapping; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Neurons; Premedication; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1996 |
Cytotoxic effects of kainate ligands on HEK cell lines expressing recombinant kainate receptors.
Topics: Cell Line; Cell Survival; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Kainic Acid; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Ligands; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Recombinant Proteins | 1996 |
Endogenous gamma-L-glutamylglutamate is a partial agonist at the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in cultured cerebellar granule cells.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Dipeptides; Drug Synergism; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Magnesium; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1995 |
Effects of glutamic acid and related agents on horizontal cells in a marine teleost retina.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Dark Adaptation; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fishes; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Photoreceptor Cells; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Retina | 1996 |
Glutamate receptor regulation of rat nucleus accumbens neurons in vivo.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Iontophoresis; Male; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Nucleus Accumbens; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate | 1996 |
Pharmacological properties of peripherally induced postsynaptic potentials in bulbar respiratory neurons of decerebrate cats.
Topics: Animals; Bicuculline; Cats; Decerebrate State; Dizocilpine Maleate; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Glycine Agents; Membrane Potentials; Motor Neurons; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Respiratory Muscles; Spinal Nerves; Strychnine | 1996 |
Effect of riluzole on quinolinate-induced neuronal damage in rats: comparison with blockers of glutamatergic neurotransmission.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Lamotrigine; Male; Neurons; Quinolinic Acid; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Riluzole; Synaptic Transmission; Thiazoles; Triazines | 1995 |
A role for presynaptic AMPA receptors in the enhancement of neuronal glutamate release by kainic acid.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Neurons; Prosencephalon; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Presynaptic | 1996 |
Stimulation of glutamine synthetase activity by excitatory amino acids in astrocyte cultures derived from aged mouse cerebral hemispheres may be associated with non-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Aging; Alanine; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Astrocytes; Cell Division; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acids; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Mice; N-Methylaspartate; Neurotoxins; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1996 |
Kindling-induced epileptiform potentials in piriform cortex slices originate in the underlying endopiriform nucleus.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Basal Ganglia; Cobalt; Electric Stimulation; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acids; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kindling, Neurologic; Male; Nerve Fibers; Olfactory Pathways; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1996 |
Amino acid-mediated regulation of spontaneous synaptic activity patterns in the rat basolateral amygdala.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Bicuculline; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Neurotransmitter Agents; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1996 |
Lowering extracellular Na+ concentration causes NMDA receptor-mediated neuronal death in cultured rat hippocampal slices.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Calcium; Cell Death; Chlorides; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Organ Culture Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sodium | 1996 |
Glutamate as a candidate retrograde messenger at interneurone-Purkinje cell synapses of rat cerebellum.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Alanine; Animals; Benzoates; Colforsin; Cyclopropanes; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Interneurons; Kinetics; Presynaptic Terminals; Purkinje Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 1996 |
Apparent independent action of nimodipine and glutamate antagonists to protect cultured neurons against glutamate-induced damage.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Dizocilpine Maleate; Drug Interactions; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Memantine; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Nimodipine; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344 | 1996 |
Detrimental effects of exogenous glutamate on spinal cord neurons during brief ischemia in vivo.
Topics: Animals; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Ischemia; Neurons; Paraplegia; Paresis; Quinoxalines; Rabbits; Spinal Cord | 1997 |
Regulation of cerebral microvessels by glutamatergic mechanisms.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cycloleucine; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Male; Microcirculation; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Synapses; Vasoconstriction; Vasodilation | 1997 |
Transporters buffer synaptically released glutamate on a submillisecond time scale.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Aspartic Acid; Cells, Cultured; Evoked Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kinetics; Kynurenic Acid; Lithium; Models, Neurological; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1997 |
Lysophosphatidic acid induces a sustained elevation of neuronal intracellular calcium.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Cells, Cultured; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Ion Channel Gating; Lysophospholipids; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Valine | 1997 |
Effects of excitatory amino acid antagonists on dendrotoxin-induced increases in neurotransmitter release and epileptiform bursting in rat hippocampus in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Acetylcholine; Action Potentials; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Dizocilpine Maleate; Elapid Venoms; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Neurotoxins; Neurotransmitter Agents; Potassium Channels; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Seizures | 1997 |
Differential desensitization of ionotropic non-NMDA receptors having distinct neuronal location and function.
Topics: Acetylcholine; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Benzothiadiazines; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Choline; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Male; Norepinephrine; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Serotonin; Synaptosomes | 1997 |
Domoic acid neurotoxicity in cultured cerebellar granule neurons is mediated predominantly by NMDA receptors that are activated as a consequence of excitatory amino acid release.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Culture Media, Conditioned; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acids; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tetrodotoxin | 1997 |
Regulation of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor-mediated synaptic responses by adenosine receptors in the rat hippocampus.
Topics: Adenosine; Adenosine Kinase; Animals; Atropine; Cyclic AMP; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; GABA Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Membrane Potentials; Parasympatholytics; Parasympathomimetics; Physostigmine; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Purinergic P1; Synaptic Membranes; Synaptic Transmission; Xanthines | 1997 |
Neurones in the supraoptic nucleus of the rat are regulated by a projection from the suprachiasmatic nucleus.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Bicuculline; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Optic Nerve; Oxytocin; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA-A; Suprachiasmatic Nucleus; Supraoptic Nucleus; Vasopressins | 1997 |
Neuropeptide Y release from cultured hippocampal neurons: stimulation by glutamate acting at N-methyl-D-aspartate and AMPA receptors.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antibody Specificity; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzodiazepines; Benzothiadiazines; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Magnesium; Neurons; Neuropeptide Y; Quinoxalines; Radioimmunoassay; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tetrodotoxin | 1997 |
Role of glutamate in the regulation of the outgrowth and motility of neurites from mouse spinal cord neurons in culture.
Topics: Animals; Cell Movement; Cells, Cultured; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Microscopy, Video; Neurites; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spinal Cord | 1997 |
Glutamate excitation of oxytocin neurones in vitro involves predominantly non-NMDA receptors.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Neurons; Oxytocin; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 1997 |
The role of glutamate in swim initiation in the medicinal leech.
Topics: Animals; Electrophysiology; Esophagus; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Interneurons; Kynurenic Acid; Leeches; Motor Activity; Neural Pathways; Quinoxalines; Spider Venoms; Swimming; Synapses | 1995 |
Neuronal damage and MAP2 changes induced by the glutamate transport inhibitor dihydrokainate and by kainate in rat hippocampus in vivo.
Topics: Animals; Biological Transport; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Immunohistochemistry; Kainic Acid; Male; Microtubule-Associated Proteins; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 1997 |
Neurotoxicity of polyamines and pharmacological neuroprotection in cultures of rat cerebellar granule cells.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Apoptosis; Aspartic Acid; Butylated Hydroxytoluene; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellar Cortex; Dizocilpine Maleate; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Free Radical Scavengers; Glutamic Acid; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Male; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitroarginine; Piperidines; Putrescine; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spermidine; Spermine; Vitamin E | 1997 |
Cardiovascular effects of nitric oxide and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in the nucleus tractus solitarii of rats.
Topics: Animals; Arginine; Blood Pressure; Brain Mapping; Brain Stem; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Heart Rate; Male; Microinjections; N-Methylaspartate; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; omega-N-Methylarginine; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Solitary Nucleus | 1997 |
Synaptic inputs to stellate cells in the ventral cochlear nucleus.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Auditory Perception; Bicuculline; Cochlear Nucleus; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Interneurons; Mice; Mice, Inbred CBA; Mice, Inbred ICR; Models, Neurological; Nerve Fibers; Neurons; Picrotoxin; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Strychnine; Synapses; Vestibulocochlear Nerve | 1998 |
Rat group I metabotropic glutamate receptors inhibit neuronal Ca2+ channels via multiple signal transduction pathways in HEK 293 cells.
Topics: Animals; Brimonidine Tartrate; Calcium Channels; Calcium Channels, N-Type; Cell Line; Female; Glutamic Acid; GTP-Binding Proteins; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Kidney; Neurons; Pertussis Toxin; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Recombinant Proteins; Signal Transduction; Superior Cervical Ganglion; Transfection; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Virulence Factors, Bordetella | 1998 |
Activation of cerebellar climbing fibers increases cerebellar blood flow: role of glutamate receptors, nitric oxide, and cGMP.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Blood Pressure; Carbon Dioxide; Cerebellum; Cyclic GMP; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Harmaline; Male; Nerve Fibers; Nitric Oxide; Nitroarginine; Oxygen; Partial Pressure; Penicillamine; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; S-Nitroso-N-Acetylpenicillamine; Tetrodotoxin; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial | 1998 |
Somatostatin potently stimulates in vivo striatal dopamine and gamma-aminobutyric acid release by a glutamate-dependent action.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Bicuculline; Calcium; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Nitric Oxide; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sodium; Somatostatin | 1998 |
Neuroprotective effects of NMDA receptor glycine recognition site antagonism: dependence on glycine concentration.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Kainic Acid; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Neuroprotective Agents; Osmolar Concentration; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1998 |
Neurotoxic effects of low doses of glutamate on purified rat retinal ganglion cells.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Aniline Compounds; Animals; Calcium; Cell Death; Cell Separation; Cells, Cultured; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fluoresceins; Fluorescent Dyes; Glutamic Acid; Microscopy, Confocal; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Xanthenes | 1998 |
The diazoxide derivative IDRA 21 enhances ischemic hippocampal neuron injury.
Topics: Animals; Benzothiadiazines; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Diazoxide; Diuretics; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, AMPA; Sodium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors | 1998 |
Protective effect of GV150526A on the glutamate-induced changes in basal and electrically-stimulated cytosolic Ca++ in primary cultured cerebral cortical cells.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Indoles; Piperidines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1998 |
Action of excitatory amino acids on hypodermis and the motornervous system of Ascaris suum: pharmacological evidence for a glutamate transporter.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Ascaris suum; Aspartic Acid; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Biological Transport, Active; Calcium; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Conductivity; Epithelium; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acids; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Microelectrodes; Motor Neurons; Quinoxalines; Sodium | 1998 |
Nitric oxide-induced release of acetylcholine in the nucleus accumbens: role of cyclic GMP, glutamate, and GABA.
Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Acetylcholine; Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cyclic GMP; Diethylamines; Dopamine Antagonists; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Guanylate Cyclase; Male; Neurons; Nitric Oxide; Nitrogen Oxides; Nucleus Accumbens; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Cholinergic; Receptors, Dopamine; Receptors, GABA; Receptors, Glutamate | 1998 |
The effect of excitatory aminoacids on GABA release from mediobasal hypothalamus of female rats.
Topics: Animals; Depression, Chemical; Diestrus; Drug Implants; Estradiol; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acids; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hypothalamus; Interneurons; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Ovariectomy; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1998 |
AMPA receptor activation potentiated by the AMPA modulator 1-BCP is toxic to cultured rat hippocampal neurons.
Topics: Animals; Benzothiadiazines; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Dioxoles; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Piperidines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA | 1998 |
Analysing functional connectivity in brain slices by a combination of infrared video microscopy, flash photolysis of caged compounds and scanning methods.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Bicuculline; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Microscopy, Video; Photolysis; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Somatosensory Cortex; Tetrodotoxin | 1998 |
Low-affinity kainate receptors and long-lasting depression of NMDA-receptor-mediated currents in rat superficial dorsal horn.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Calcium; Cycloleucine; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Ganglia, Spinal; Glutamic Acid; Indoles; Ion Channel Gating; Kainic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons, Afferent; Neuroprotective Agents; Oximes; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spinal Cord; Spinal Nerve Roots; Synaptic Transmission | 1998 |
AMPA receptors and bacterial periplasmic amino acid-binding proteins share the ionic mechanism of ligand recognition.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Bacterial Proteins; Binding Sites; Cations; Cell Line; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Insecta; Models, Molecular; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Recombinant Proteins; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid | 1998 |
Longitudinal distribution of components of excitatory synaptic input to motoneurones during swimming in young Xenopus tadpoles: experiments with antagonists.
Topics: Animals; Cadmium; Convulsants; Dihydro-beta-Erythroidine; Electric Conductivity; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Larva; Motor Neurons; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Nicotinic; Spinal Cord; Strychnine; Swimming; Synapses; Xenopus | 1998 |
Altered Ca2+ signaling and mitochondrial deficiencies in hippocampal neurons of trisomy 16 mice: a model of Down's syndrome.
Topics: Aging; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Calcium; Carcinogens; Cell Death; Cyclosporine; Diploidy; Disease Models, Animal; Down Syndrome; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Karyotyping; Male; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Neurologic Mutants; Mitochondria; NADP; Neurons; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Signal Transduction; Trisomy; Vitamin E | 1998 |
Glial contribution to glutamate uptake at Schaffer collateral-commissural synapses in the hippocampus.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Astrocytes; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Biological Transport; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Membrane Potentials; Nerve Fibers; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Piperazines; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synapses; Temperature | 1998 |
Activation of AMPA, kainate, and metabotropic receptors at hippocampal mossy fiber synapses: role of glutamate diffusion.
Topics: Animals; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Exocytosis; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Nerve Fibers; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Receptor Cross-Talk; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Synapses | 1998 |
Silent synapses in the developing rat visual cortex: evidence for postsynaptic expression of synaptic plasticity.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Electrophysiology; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Neuronal Plasticity; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Picrotoxin; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Synaptic Membranes; Visual Cortex | 1998 |
Mediodorsal thalamus plays a critical role in the development of limbic motor seizures.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Bicuculline; Brain Mapping; Carbon Radioisotopes; Deoxyglucose; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Limbic System; Male; Muscimol; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures; Thalamus; Time Factors; Vigabatrin | 1998 |
Structures of Tyr188Leu mutant and wild-type HIV-1 reverse transcriptase complexed with the non-nucleoside inhibitor HBY 097: inhibitor flexibility is a useful design feature for reducing drug resistance.
Topics: Antiviral Agents; Crystallography, X-Ray; Drug Design; Drug Resistance; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; HIV Reverse Transcriptase; Leucine; Models, Molecular; Molecular Conformation; Mutation; Quinoxalines; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; Tyrosine | 1998 |
The diazoxide derivative 7-chloro-3-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine-S,S-dioxide augments AMPA- and GABA-mediated synaptic responses in cultured hippocampal neurons.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzothiadiazines; Cells, Cultured; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, GABA; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1998 |
Assessing the roles of glutamatergic and cholinergic synaptic drive in the control of fictive swimming frequency in young Xenopus tadpoles.
Topics: Animals; Cholinergic Fibers; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Larva; N-Methylaspartate; Neural Inhibition; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Nicotinic; Swimming; Synapses; Xenopus | 1998 |
Role of non-NMDA receptors in osmotic and glutamate stimulation of vasopressin release: effect of rapid receptor desensitization.
Topics: Animals; Benzothiadiazines; Concanavalin A; Down-Regulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; In Vitro Techniques; Magnesium; Male; Osmolar Concentration; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; RNA, Messenger; Sodium Chloride; Vasopressins | 1998 |
Direct glutamate-mediated presynaptic inhibition of sensory afferents by the postsynaptic motor neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Astacoidea; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Feedback; Female; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Motor Neurons; Neural Inhibition; Neurons, Afferent; Picrotoxin; Presynaptic Terminals; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tetrodotoxin | 1998 |
Coexistence of glutamate and acetylcholine in the developing motoneurons.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Growth Cones; Membrane Potentials; Motor Neurons; N-Methylaspartate; Nervous System; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Synapses; Xenopus laevis | 1998 |
Arachidonic acid as a messenger for the expression of long-term potentiation.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Anthracenes; Arachidonic Acid; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fluorescent Dyes; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; Long-Term Potentiation; Presynaptic Terminals; Quinoxalines; Rats; Synaptic Transmission | 1999 |
The bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide causes rapid inappropriate excitation in rat cortex.
Topics: Adenosine; Age Factors; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Lipopolysaccharides; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Norepinephrine; Organ Culture Techniques; Parietal Lobe; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sympathomimetics; Tritium | 1999 |
AMPA receptor activation of area postrema neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Ventricles; Cytosol; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Neurons; Osmolar Concentration; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA | 1999 |
Neuroprotective action of a novel compound--M50463--in primary cultured neurons.
Topics: Acetylcysteine; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Batrachotoxins; Binding Sites; Binding, Competitive; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels; Calcium Channels, L-Type; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Culture Media, Serum-Free; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fetus; Glutamic Acid; Indoles; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Nicardipine; Nitroprusside; Piperidines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sodium Channels; Thiazoles; Veratrine; Vitamin E | 1999 |
Multiple types of spontaneous excitatory synaptic currents in salamander retinal ganglion cells.
Topics: Action Potentials; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Ambystoma; Animals; Convulsants; Darkness; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Larva; N-Methylaspartate; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Photic Stimulation; Picrotoxin; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Strychnine; Synapses; Synaptic Vesicles | 1999 |
Both protein kinase G dependent and independent mechanisms are involved in the modulation of glutamate release by nitric oxide in rat hippocampal nerve terminals.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Calcium; Cyclic GMP; Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Nitric Oxide; Nitroprusside; Oxadiazoles; Presynaptic Terminals; Protein Kinases; Quinoxalines; Rats; Sulfhydryl Reagents; Synaptosomes; Thionucleotides | 1999 |
Ionotropic glutamate receptors in isolated horizontal cells of the rabbit retina.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Ion Channel Gating; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rabbits; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Retina | 1999 |
Vagally-regulated gastric motor activity: evidence for kainate and NMDA receptor mediation.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Brain Stem; Bronchodilator Agents; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Gastrointestinal Motility; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Male; Microinjections; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Stomach; Vagus Nerve | 1999 |
Activation of NMDA receptors protects against glutamate neurotoxicity in the retina: evidence for the involvement of neurotrophins.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Apoptosis; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Cycloleucine; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Growth Factors; Neuroprotective Agents; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Receptor, Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor; Retina | 1999 |
AMPA/kainate-related mechanisms contribute to convulsant and proconvulsant effects of 3-nitropropionic acid.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Behavior, Animal; Drug Interactions; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Mitochondria; N-Methylaspartate; Nitro Compounds; Propionates; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA | 1999 |
Activation of NMDA receptors in the suprachiasmatic nucleus produces light-like phase shifts of the circadian clock in vivo.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain Chemistry; Circadian Rhythm; Cricetinae; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Lighting; Male; Mesocricetus; Microinjections; Motor Activity; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Suprachiasmatic Nucleus; Synaptic Transmission | 1999 |
The concentration of synaptically released glutamate outside of the climbing fiber-Purkinje cell synaptic cleft.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Benzothiadiazines; Cell Membrane; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Models, Biological; Neuroglia; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Probability; Purkinje Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Synapses; Temperature | 1999 |
Neuroprotection of cultured foetal rat hippocampal cells against glucose deprivation: are GABAergic neurons less vulnerable or more sensitive to TCP protection?
Topics: Animals; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Drug Resistance; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Phencyclidine; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Time Factors | 1999 |
Postmortem elevation in extracellular glutamate in the rat hippocampus when brain temperature is maintained at physiological levels: implications for the use of human brain autopsy tissues.
Topics: Animals; Autopsy; Body Temperature Regulation; Brain; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Male; Microdialysis; Postmortem Changes; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Taurine | 1999 |
Role of glutamate receptors and glutamate transporters in the regulation of the glutamate-glutamine cycle in the awake rat.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Dicarboxylic Acids; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Male; Piperazines; Pyrrolidines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate | 1999 |
A basal ganglia pacemaker formed by the subthalamic nucleus and external globus pallidus.
Topics: Animals; Basal Ganglia; Cells, Cultured; Cortical Synchronization; Dopamine; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Globus Pallidus; Glutamic Acid; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Synaptic Transmission; Thalamus | 1999 |
NMDA receptor-mediated control of GABA release from neurointermediate lobes of female and male rats.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Dizocilpine Maleate; Estradiol; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Ovariectomy; Pituitary Gland, Posterior; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1999 |
Optical imaging reveals elevated intracellular chloride in hippocampal pyramidal neurons after oxidative stress.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Antioxidants; Cell Membrane Permeability; Chlorides; Chromans; Deferoxamine; Extracellular Space; Fluorescent Dyes; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hydrogen Peroxide; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Microscopy, Confocal; Muscimol; Nipecotic Acids; Oxidative Stress; Pyramidal Cells; Quinolinium Compounds; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reactive Oxygen Species; Tiagabine | 1999 |
Regulation of NMDA-stimulated [14C]GABA and [3H]acetylcholine release by striatal glutamate and dopamine receptors.
Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Acetylcholine; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Benzoates; Carbon Radioisotopes; Corpus Striatum; Cycloleucine; Dopamine Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Kainic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Proline; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Dopamine; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tritium | 1999 |
Activation of spinal N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors stimulates a nitric oxide/cyclic guanosine 3,5-monophosphate/glutamate release cascade in nociceptive signaling.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cyclic GMP; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Guanylate Cyclase; Male; Microdialysis; Nitric Oxide; Nociceptors; omega-N-Methylarginine; Oxadiazoles; Pain; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Signal Transduction; Spinal Cord; Synaptic Transmission | 1999 |
Potentiation of glutamatergic agonist-induced inositol phosphate formation by basic fibroblast growth factor is related to developmental features in hippocampal cultures: neuronal survival and glial cell proliferation.
Topics: Animals; Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; Benzoates; Cell Division; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cellular Senescence; Cycloleucine; Cytarabine; Epidermal Growth Factor; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fetus; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; Inositol Phosphates; Neuroglia; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Type C Phospholipases | 1999 |
Glutamate-induced currents in acutely dissociated guinea pig locus coeruleus neurons.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Electric Conductivity; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Ion Channels; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1999 |
Glutamate excitotoxicity in a model of multiple sclerosis.
Topics: Animals; Axons; Disease Models, Animal; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Lymph Nodes; Lymphocyte Activation; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Multiple Sclerosis; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; T-Lymphocytes | 2000 |
Developmental changes in the neurotransmitter regulation of correlated spontaneous retinal activity.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Action Potentials; Animals; Bicuculline; Cholinergic Fibers; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Ferrets; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Glycine Agents; Interneurons; Periodicity; Quinoxalines; Retina; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Strychnine; Synaptic Transmission; Vision, Ocular; Visual Pathways | 2000 |
Cholecystokinin (CCK) increases GABA release in the rat anterior nucleus accumbens via CCK(B) receptors located on glutamatergic interneurons.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Cholecystokinin; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Interneurons; Male; Microdialysis; N-Methylaspartate; Nucleus Accumbens; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptor, Cholecystokinin B; Receptors, Cholecystokinin; Sincalide; Stimulation, Chemical; Tetrodotoxin | 2000 |
Participation of NMDA and kainate receptors of paraventricular nucleus in cardiovascular responses to glutamate receptor agonist.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Blood Pressure; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Heart Rate; Hemodynamics; Kainic Acid; Male; Microinjections; N-Methylaspartate; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 2000 |
Development of glutamatergic synaptic activity in cultured spinal neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Fetus; Glutamic Acid; Magnesium; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spinal Cord; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 2000 |
NMDA-Receptor-dependent synaptic activation of voltage-dependent calcium channels in basolateral amygdala.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Action Potentials; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Amygdala; Animals; Bicuculline; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Cesium; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium Channel Blockers; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 2000 |
Glutamate transport blockade has a differential effect on AMPA and NMDA receptor-mediated synaptic transmission in the developing barrel cortex.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Aspartic Acid; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Benzothiadiazines; Biological Transport; Dicarboxylic Acids; Diuretics; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; Picrotoxin; Pyrrolidines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sodium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors; Somatosensory Cortex; Synaptic Transmission; Thalamus | 2000 |
Hearing loss and glutamate efflux in the perilymph following transient hindbrain ischemia in gerbils.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Audiometry, Evoked Response; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cochlear Nerve; Deafness; Dendrites; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Gerbillinae; Glutamic Acid; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Neurons; Perilymph; Quinoxalines; Rhombencephalon | 2000 |
Effects of L-glutamic acid on acid secretion and mucosal blood flow in the rat stomach.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Cholinergic Agonists; Enteric Nervous System; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Gastric Acid; Gastric Mucosa; Glutamic Acid; Histamine; Injections, Intravenous; Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; Male; Muscarinic Agonists; Oxotremorine; Pentagastrin; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Regional Blood Flow | 1999 |
Mutation of a glutamate receptor motif reveals its role in gating and delta2 receptor channel properties.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Substitution; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzodiazepines; Benzothiadiazines; Cell Line; Conserved Sequence; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Ion Channel Gating; Kainic Acid; Kidney; Mice; Mice, Neurologic Mutants; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Purkinje Cells; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Transfection | 2000 |
Modulation of GABAergic signaling among interneurons by metabotropic glutamate receptors.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Interneurons; Kainic Acid; Neural Inhibition; Propionates; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Signal Transduction; Synaptic Transmission | 2000 |
Laminar characteristics of functional connectivity in rat barrel cortex revealed by stimulation with caged-glutamate.
Topics: Animals; Brain Mapping; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Photic Stimulation; Photolysis; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate; Somatosensory Cortex; Synapses; Time Factors; Valine; Vibrissae | 2000 |
Acute decrease in net glutamate uptake during energy deprivation.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Aspartic Acid; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Biological Transport; Brain Ischemia; Dicarboxylic Acids; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kinetics; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; Organ Culture Techniques; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pyrrolidines; Quinoxalines; Rats | 2000 |
Developmental regulation of subunit composition of extrasynaptic NMDA receptors in neocortical neurones.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Coculture Techniques; Dizocilpine Maleate; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA Antagonists; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Ion Channels; Neocortex; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Picrotoxin; Piperidines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Stimulation, Chemical; Synapses | 2000 |
Inhibition of the glutamate-induced K(+) current in identified Onchidium neurons by nitric oxide donors.
Topics: 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine; Animals; Cell Membrane; Cyclic GMP; Enzyme Inhibitors; Ganglia, Invertebrate; Glutamic Acid; Hydrazines; Mollusca; Neurons; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Donors; Nitrogen Oxides; Nitroprusside; Oxadiazoles; Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; Potassium Channels; Quinoxalines; Vasodilator Agents | 2000 |
Effect of ionotropic glutamate receptors antagonists on the modifications in extracellular glutamate and aspartate levels during picrotoxin seizures: a microdialysis study in freely moving rats.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Aspartic Acid; Benzodiazepines; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Microdialysis; Picrotoxin; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Seizures | 2000 |
Intrastriatal administration of 5-aminolevulinic acid induces convulsions and body asymmetry through glutamatergic mechanisms.
Topics: Aminolevulinic Acid; Animals; Convulsants; Corpus Striatum; Dizocilpine Maleate; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; GABA Agonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Microinjections; Muscimol; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2000 |
Prolonged synaptic currents and glutamate spillover at the parallel fiber to stellate cell synapse.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Cerebellum; Dicarboxylic Acids; Dizocilpine Maleate; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Nerve Fibers; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; Pyrrolidines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Time Factors | 2000 |
Excitatory amino acids modulate epileptogenesis in the brain stem.
Topics: Animals; Brain Stem; Carbachol; Cholinergic Agonists; Dizocilpine Maleate; Drug Synergism; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acids; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microinjections; Pons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Time Factors | 2000 |
Pharmacological and molecular characterization of glutamate receptors in the MIN6 pancreatic beta-cell line.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzodiazepines; Benzothiadiazines; Biological Transport; Calcium; Cell Survival; DNA Primers; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Islets of Langerhans; Kainic Acid; Protein Kinase C; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; Spider Venoms; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 2000 |
Functional role of NMDA autoreceptors in olfactory mitral cells.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Action Potentials; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Autoreceptors; Bicuculline; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels, L-Type; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Neurons, Afferent; Nifedipine; Olfactory Bulb; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Picrotoxin; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tetrodotoxin | 2000 |
Chronic morphine treatment and withdrawal increase extracellular levels of norepinephrine in the rat bed nucleus of the stria terminalis.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Brain; Brimonidine Tartrate; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Microdialysis; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Norepinephrine; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Septal Nuclei; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2000 |
Effects of riluzole on electrically evoked neurotransmitter release.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Calcium; Dicarboxylic Acids; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dopamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Mice; Neostriatum; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotransmitter Agents; Norepinephrine; Pyrrolidines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Riluzole; Serotonin; Tetrodotoxin; Tritium | 2000 |
Studies of aminochrome toxicity in a mouse derived neuronal cell line: is this toxicity mediated via glutamate transmission?
Topics: Animals; Catalase; Cell Line; Cell Survival; Cerebral Cortex; Dicumarol; Dopamine; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Free Radical Scavengers; Glutamic Acid; Indolequinones; Indoles; Mice; Models, Biological; NAD; NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone); Neurons; Oxidation-Reduction; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Superoxide Dismutase; Uncoupling Agents | 2000 |
Afferent ingrowth and onset of activity in the rat trigeminal nucleus.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Bicuculline; Biotin; Cadmium; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Female; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Neurons, Afferent; Pregnancy; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Trigeminal Nuclei; Vibrissae | 2000 |
Concentration-dependent substate behavior of native AMPA receptors.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Ion Channels; Kainic Acid; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Organ Culture Techniques; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Synaptic Membranes | 2000 |
Dysfunction of M-channel enhances propagation of neuronal excitability in rat hippocampus monitored by multielectrode dish and microdialysis systems.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Bicuculline; Electrodes; Epilepsy, Benign Neonatal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Indoles; KCNQ Potassium Channels; KCNQ2 Potassium Channel; KCNQ3 Potassium Channel; Male; Microdialysis; Neurons; Potassium; Potassium Channels; Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated; Pyridines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2000 |
Mechanisms for activation and antagonism of an AMPA-sensitive glutamate receptor: crystal structures of the GluR2 ligand binding core.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Binding Sites; Crystallography, X-Ray; Dimerization; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Ligands; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Models, Molecular; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Protein Conformation; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Structure-Activity Relationship; Zinc | 2000 |
alpha(2)-Adrenoceptor agonists inhibit vitreal glutamate and aspartate accumulation and preserve retinal function after transient ischemia.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brimonidine Tartrate; Chromatography, Liquid; Electroretinography; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Ischemia; Male; Mass Spectrometry; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred BN; Retina; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Retinal Vessels; Vitreous Body; Yohimbine | 2001 |
NBQX attenuates excitotoxic injury in developing white matter.
Topics: Aging; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Male; Microinjections; Nerve Fibers, Myelinated; Neuroprotective Agents; Oligodendroglia; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate | 2000 |
NMDA and AMPA/kainate glutamate receptors modulate dentate neurogenesis and CA3 synapsin-I in normal and ischemic hippocampus.
Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Division; Dentate Gyrus; Dizocilpine Maleate; Down-Regulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Gerbillinae; Glutamic Acid; Male; Memory; Microinjections; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapsins | 2000 |
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation results in regulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases by protein kinases and phosphatases in glutamate-induced neuronal apototic-like death.
Topics: Animals; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Cyclosporine; Dizocilpine Maleate; Egtazic Acid; Embryo, Mammalian; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Neurons; Nifedipine; Okadaic Acid; Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; Protein Kinases; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 2000 |
Cross-talk between excitatory and inhibitory amino acids in the regulation of growth hormone secretion in neonatal rats.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Baclofen; Bicuculline; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; GABA Agonists; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Growth Hormone; Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone; Male; Muscimol; N-Methylaspartate; Neurosecretory Systems; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sex Characteristics | 2001 |
Dendritic glutamate-induced bursting in prefrontal pyramidal cells: role of NMDA and non-NMDA receptors.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Action Potentials; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Dendrites; Glutamic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Prefrontal Cortex; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1999 |
Glutamate excitotoxicity--a mechanism for axonal damage and oligodendrocyte death in Multiple Sclerosis?
Topics: Animals; Axons; Cell Death; Disease Models, Animal; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glutaminase; Humans; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Multiple Sclerosis; Myelitis; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Oligodendroglia; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA | 2000 |
Presynaptic alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate receptor-mediated stimulation of glutamate and GABA release in the rat striatum in vivo: a dual-label microdialysis study.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzodiazepines; Benzothiadiazines; Calcium; Carbon Radioisotopes; Corpus Striatum; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Nootropic Agents; Potassium; Presynaptic Terminals; Pyrrolidinones; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Tritium | 2001 |
Dual role of glutamatergic neurotransmission on amyloid beta(1-42) aggregation and neurotoxicity in embryonic avian retina.
Topics: Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Chick Embryo; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Peptide Fragments; Quinoxalines; Retina | 2001 |
Distinct effect of pregnenolone sulfate on NMDA receptor subtypes.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Bicuculline; Cell Line; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Piperazines; Pregnenolone; Protein Subunits; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Time Factors | 2001 |
Involvement of NMDA and AMPA/kainate receptors in the effects of endogenous glutamate on extracellular concentrations of dopamine and GABA in the nucleus accumbens of the awake rat.
Topics: Animals; Dicarboxylic Acids; Dopamine; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; Nucleus Accumbens; Piperazines; Pyrrolidines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 2001 |
Changing specificity of neurotransmitter regulation of rapid dendritic remodeling during synaptogenesis.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Bacterial Proteins; Cell Movement; Chick Embryo; Dendrites; Dihydro-beta-Erythroidine; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Luminescent Proteins; Microscopy, Confocal; Quinoxalines; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Time Factors; Transfection | 2001 |
Extension of glial processes by activation of Ca2+-permeable AMPA receptor channels.
Topics: Adenoviridae; Animals; Calcium; Cell Size; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; Neuroglia; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA | 2001 |
Pharmacological characterization of threo-3-methylglutamic acid with excitatory amino acid transporters in native and recombinant systems.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Action Potentials; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Aspartic Acid; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Carrier Proteins; Cell Line; Cerebellum; Cerebral Cortex; Dogs; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 4; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kidney; Kinetics; Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; Oocytes; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Symporters; Synaptosomes; Xenopus laevis | 2001 |
Monosynaptic GABAergic signaling from dentate to CA3 with a pharmacological and physiological profile typical of mossy fiber synapses.
Topics: Animals; Dentate Gyrus; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Long-Term Potentiation; Mossy Fibers, Hippocampal; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Signal Transduction; Synapses | 2001 |
Early onset of glutamatergic and GABAergic synaptic activity in the visual layers of the rodent superior colliculus.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Bicuculline; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Nicotinic Antagonists; Organ Culture Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Species Specificity; Superior Colliculi; Synaptic Transmission; Tubocurarine | 2001 |
Involvement of enhanced sensitivity of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in vulnerability of developing cortical neurons to methylmercury neurotoxicity.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Antigens, CD; Antigens, Neoplasm; Antigens, Surface; Avian Proteins; Basigin; Blood Proteins; Cerebral Cortex; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Membrane Glycoproteins; Mercury Poisoning, Nervous System; Methylmercury Compounds; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Nitrates; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tyrosine | 2001 |
Binding of an AMPA receptor potentiator ([3H]LY395153) to native and recombinant AMPA receptors.
Topics: Allosteric Site; Animals; Benzamides; Benzodiazepines; Cerebral Cortex; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Sulfonamides; Tritium | 2001 |
Local immune regulation in the central nervous system by substance P vs. glutamate.
Topics: Animals; Antiviral Agents; Brain Stem; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; Interferon-gamma; Male; Microglia; Neuroimmunomodulation; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Substance P | 2001 |
Characterization of ionotropic glutamate receptors in human lymphocytes.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Adult; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Calcium; CD3 Complex; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Kainic Acid; Lymphocytes; N-Methylaspartate; Phytohemagglutinins; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate | 2001 |
Comparison between hypothermia and glutamate antagonism treatments on the immediate outcome of perinatal asphyxia.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Aspartic Acid; Asphyxia Neonatorum; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Heart; Humans; Hypothermia, Induced; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain; Infant, Newborn; Kidney; Lactic Acid; Maternal Behavior; Microdialysis; Pyruvic Acid; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Survival Rate; Treatment Outcome | 2001 |
Neuronal glutamate transporters control activation of postsynaptic metabotropic glutamate receptors and influence cerebellar long-term depression.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Aspartic Acid; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Benzoates; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Long-Term Potentiation; Nerve Fibers; Neural Inhibition; Organ Culture Techniques; Picrotoxin; Purkinje Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 2001 |
Glomerulus-specific synchronization of mitral cells in the olfactory bulb.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; N-Methylaspartate; Olfactory Bulb; Olfactory Receptor Neurons; Periodicity; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Smell | 2001 |
Regulation of GABA release by nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the neonatal rat hippocampus.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Aconitine; alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Bicuculline; Bridged-Ring Compounds; Dihydro-beta-Erythroidine; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Insecticides; Membrane Potentials; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Organ Culture Techniques; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Nicotinic; Spiro Compounds | 2001 |
Differential contributions of NMDA and non-NMDA receptors to spinal Fos expression evoked by superficial tissue and muscle inflammation in the rat.
Topics: Afferent Pathways; Animals; Cell Count; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Inflammation; Male; Muscle, Skeletal; Nociceptors; Pain; Posterior Horn Cells; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Skin; Synaptic Transmission; Turpentine; Valine | 2001 |
Multivesicular release at climbing fiber-Purkinje cell synapses.
Topics: Animals; Biological Transport; Calcium; Dipeptides; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Kynurenic Acid; Neurotransmitter Agents; Purkinje Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 2001 |
Glutaminergic vagal afferents may mediate both retching and gastric adaptive relaxation in dogs.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Catheterization; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dogs; Esophagus; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Ganglionic Blockers; Glutamic Acid; Hexamethonium; Neurons, Afferent; Quinoxalines; Reflex; Solitary Nucleus; Stomach; Vagotomy; Vagus Nerve; Vomiting | 2001 |
The expression of cerebellar LTD in culture is not associated with changes in AMPA-receptor kinetics, agonist affinity, or unitary conductance.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Benzothiadiazines; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Long-Term Potentiation; Mice; Phorbol Esters; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 2001 |
Involvement of spinal N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in capsaicin-induced in vivo release of substance P in the rat dorsal horn.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Capsaicin; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Nerve Fibers; Nociceptors; Pain; Posterior Horn Cells; Quinoxalines; Radioimmunoassay; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Substance P; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 2001 |
Behavioral analysis of anorexia produced by hindbrain injections of AMPA receptor antagonist NBQX in rats.
Topics: Animals; Anorexia; Avoidance Learning; Behavior, Animal; Dietary Sucrose; Drinking; Eating; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Feeding Behavior; Fourth Ventricle; Glutamic Acid; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Satiation; Solitary Nucleus; Taste | 2002 |
Mechanisms underlying the nociception and paw oedema caused by injection of glutamate into the mouse paw.
Topics: Animals; Azo Compounds; Coloring Agents; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Edema; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Extremities; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Male; Mice; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Donors; Nitrites; Nitroarginine; Nociceptors; Penicillamine; Quinoxalines; Trypan Blue | 2002 |
Knocking out the glial glutamate transporter GLT-1 reduces glutamate uptake but does not affect hippocampal glutamate dynamics in early simulated ischaemia.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; N-Methylaspartate; Organ Culture Techniques; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 2002 |
Different action of memantine and caroverine on glutamatergic transmission in the mammalian cochlea.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Cochlea; Dopamine Agents; Female; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Hair Cells, Auditory, Inner; Memantine; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons, Afferent; Quinoxalines | 2002 |
Synaptic mechanisms underlie nicotine-induced excitability of brain reward areas.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Action Potentials; Adolescent; Animals; Atropine; Cholinergic Antagonists; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Dopamine; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Ganglionic Stimulants; Glutamic Acid; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Insecticides; Mice; Muscarinic Antagonists; Neurons; Nicotine; Organothiophosphorus Compounds; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Nicotinic; Reward; Smoking; Synaptic Transmission; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2002 |
Ammonia-induced extracellular accumulation of taurine in the rat striatum in vivo: role of ionotropic glutamate receptors.
Topics: 4,4'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic Acid; Ammonium Chloride; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Male; Microdialysis; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Taurine | 2002 |
Nitric oxide facilitates GABAergic neurotransmission in the cat oculomotor system: a physiological mechanism in eye movement control.
Topics: Abducens Nerve; Animals; Bicuculline; Brain Stem; Cats; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Eye Movements; Female; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine Agents; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Oculomotor Nerve; Quinoxalines; Reflex, Vestibulo-Ocular; Strychnine; Synaptic Transmission | 2002 |
GABAergic and glutamatergic modulation of spontaneous and motor-cortex-evoked complex spike activity.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Cerebellum; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Motor Cortex; Nerve Fibers; Neural Inhibition; Neurons, Afferent; Olivary Nucleus; Picrotoxin; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reaction Time; Reflex; Synapses | 2002 |
Altered expression of glutamate transporters in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Carrier Proteins; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3; Gene Expression; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Receptors, AMPA; RNA, Messenger; Spinal Cord; Symporters; Tritium | 2002 |
Activity-dependent expression of simultaneous glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmission from the mossy fibers in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kindling, Neurologic; Mossy Fibers, Hippocampal; Perforant Pathway; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Synaptic Transmission | 2002 |
Hypotension-induced dopamine release in prefrontal cortex is mediated by local glutamatergic projections at the level of nerve terminals.
Topics: Animals; Dopamine; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Handling, Psychological; Hypotension; Male; Microdialysis; Nitroprusside; Nucleus Accumbens; Piperazines; Prefrontal Cortex; Presynaptic Terminals; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2002 |
Albumin promotes neuronal survival by increasing the synthesis and release of glutamate.
Topics: Animals; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Energy Metabolism; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GAP-43 Protein; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Lactic Acid; Neurons; Oxidation-Reduction; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptor, trkA; Serum Albumin | 2002 |
Effects of AMPA-receptor and voltage-sensitive sodium channel blockade on high potassium-induced glutamate release and neuronal death in vivo.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Cell Death; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Ion Channel Gating; Male; Necrosis; Neurons; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Sodium Channel Blockers; Sodium Channels; Tetrodotoxin | 2002 |
Comparison of the neuroprotective effects of adrenoceptor drugs in retinal cell culture and intact retina.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Betaxolol; Brimonidine Tartrate; Calcium; Cell Culture Techniques; Cell Survival; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Fura-2; Glutamic Acid; Metoprolol; N-Methylaspartate; Neuroglia; Neuroprotective Agents; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Retina; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Timolol | 2002 |
NBQX treatment improves mitochondrial function and reduces oxidative events after spinal cord injury.
Topics: Animals; Dizocilpine Maleate; Female; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Injections, Spinal; Lipid Peroxidation; Mitochondria; Neuroprotective Agents; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Reactive Oxygen Species; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spinal Cord Injuries; Synaptosomes; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; Thoracic Vertebrae | 2002 |
Facilitation of glutamate release by ionotropic glutamate receptors in osteoblasts.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cell Division; Cells, Cultured; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Osteoblasts; Potassium Chloride; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Skull | 2002 |
Behavioural consequences of nucleus accumbens dopaminergic stimulation and glutamatergic blocking in pigeons.
Topics: Animals; Apomorphine; Behavior, Animal; Columbidae; Discrimination Learning; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dopamine; Dopamine Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Injections; Nucleus Accumbens; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Stereotaxic Techniques; Stimulation, Chemical | 2002 |
Neurochemical and behavioral differences between d-methamphetamine and d-amphetamine in rats.
Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Amphetamine; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain Chemistry; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Homovanillic Acid; Methamphetamine; Microdialysis; Motor Activity; Nucleus Accumbens; Prefrontal Cortex; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Time Factors; Valine | 2003 |
Protective effect of nilvadipine against glutamate neurotoxicity in purified retinal ganglion cells.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels, L-Type; Cell Culture Techniques; Cell Survival; Diltiazem; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Neuroprotective Agents; Nifedipine; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Retinal Ganglion Cells | 2003 |
Influence of inhibitory and excitatory inputs on serotonin efflux differs in the dorsal and median raphe nuclei.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Afferent Pathways; Animals; Bicuculline; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Extracellular Space; GABA Antagonists; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Motor Activity; Neural Inhibition; Pyridazines; Quinoxalines; Raphe Nuclei; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Serotonin | 2003 |
Dynamic pelvic-pudendal reflex plasticity mediated by glutamate in anesthetized rats.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Action Potentials; Anesthesia; Animals; Bicuculline; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Laminectomy; N-Methylaspartate; Neural Pathways; Neuronal Plasticity; Pelvis; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reflex; Urethra | 2003 |
Glutamatergic and GABAergic regulation of neural responses in inferior colliculus to amplitude-modulated sounds.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Action Potentials; Animals; Bicuculline; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Inferior Colliculi; Iontophoresis; Male; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission | 2003 |
Interleukin-1beta promotes oligodendrocyte death through glutamate excitotoxicity.
Topics: Apoptosis; Cell Culture Techniques; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Interleukin-1; Microglia; Multiple Sclerosis; Oligodendroglia; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2003 |
Paraquat induces long-lasting dopamine overflow through the excitotoxic pathway in the striatum of freely moving rats.
Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dopamine; Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Herbicides; Homovanillic Acid; Male; Membrane Glycoproteins; Membrane Transport Proteins; Motor Activity; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide; Paraquat; Parkinsonian Disorders; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Selegiline | 2003 |
Glutamate motivational ensembles in nucleus accumbens: rostrocaudal shell gradients of fear and feeding.
Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Conditioning, Psychological; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fear; Feeding Behavior; Female; Glutamic Acid; Male; Nucleus Accumbens; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Vocalization, Animal | 2003 |
The leading role of membrane Ca(2+)-ATPase in recovery of Ca(2+) homeostasis after glutamate shock.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Barium; Calcium; Calcium-Transporting ATPases; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Homeostasis; Lithium; Neurons; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Spectrometry, Fluorescence | 2003 |
The glutamate AMPA receptor antagonist, YM872, attenuates cortical tissue loss, regional cerebral edema, and neurological motor deficits after experimental brain injury in rats.
Topics: Animals; Body Temperature; Brain Edema; Brain Injuries; Cerebral Cortex; Glutamic Acid; Imidazoles; Male; Models, Animal; Neuroprotective Agents; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Recovery of Function | 2003 |
In vitro glutamate-stimulated release of dopamine from nucleus accumbens core and shell of spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Dopamine; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hypertension; In Vitro Techniques; Nucleus Accumbens; Perfusion; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Rats, Inbred WKY; Receptors, AMPA | 2003 |
Formation of dendritic spines in cultured striatal neurons depends on excitatory afferent activity.
Topics: Afferent Pathways; Amino Acids; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Bicuculline; Cell Count; Cell Size; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Coculture Techniques; Corpus Striatum; Diagnostic Imaging; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Embryo, Mammalian; Enkephalin, Methionine; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Female; GABA Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Hippocampus; Immunohistochemistry; Luminescent Proteins; Mice; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Pregnancy; Quinoxalines; Rats; Substance P; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Transfection | 2003 |
Effects of commercial antiglaucoma drugs to glutamate-induced [Ca2+)]i increase in cultured neuroblastoma cells.
Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Betaxolol; Brimonidine Tartrate; Calcium; Carteolol; Cell Death; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Epinephrine; Glaucoma; Glutamic Acid; Latanoprost; Mice; Neuroblastoma; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Pilocarpine; Prostaglandins F, Synthetic; Quinoxalines; Sulfonamides; Thiazines; Thiophenes; Timolol; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 2003 |
Loss of GABAergic neuronal phenotype in primary cerebellar cultures following blockade of glutamate reuptake.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Carrier Proteins; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dicarboxylic Acids; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fluorescent Dyes; GABA Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Glutamic Acid; Indicators and Reagents; Membrane Proteins; Membrane Transport Proteins; Neurofilament Proteins; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; Organic Anion Transporters; Organic Chemicals; Propidium; Pyrrolidines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; Time Factors | 2003 |
Multiple sclerosis and glutamate.
Topics: Animals; Brain Stem; Disease Models, Animal; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Multiple Sclerosis; Nootropic Agents; Pyrrolidinones; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Spinal Cord | 2003 |
Acetoacetate protects hippocampal neurons against glutamate-mediated neuronal damage during glycolysis inhibition.
Topics: Acetoacetates; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Dicarboxylic Acids; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Routes; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Interactions; Embryo, Mammalian; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glycolysis; Hippocampus; Iodoacetates; Male; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; Pregnancy; Pyrrolidines; Pyruvic Acid; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Time Factors | 2003 |
Expression of heat shock protein 70 induced by 4-aminopyridine through glutamate-mediated excitotoxic stress in rat hippocampus in vivo.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Cell Count; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dizocilpine Maleate; Drug Interactions; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy; Extracellular Space; Functional Laterality; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Microdialysis; Nerve Degeneration; Neuroprotective Agents; Piperazines; Potassium Channel Blockers; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Somatosensory Cortex; Stress, Physiological; Time Factors | 2003 |
GABA and glutamate receptors are involved in modulating pacemaker activity in hydra.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Biological Clocks; Culture Techniques; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Agonists; GABA Antagonists; GABA-A Receptor Agonists; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hydra; Kainic Acid; Quinoxalines; Receptors, GABA; Receptors, Glutamate | 2003 |
The roles of different types of glutamate receptors involved in the mediation of nucleus submedius (Sm) glutamate-evoked antinociception in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microinjections; Pain; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Thalamus | 2003 |
Agmatine induces glutamate release and cell death in cultured rat cerebellar granule neurons.
Topics: Agmatine; Animals; Botulinum Toxins; Cell Death; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Neurons; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Rats; Tetrazolium Salts; Thiazoles | 2003 |
Contribution of spinal glutamatergic mechanisms in heterosegmental antinociception induced by noxious stimulation.
Topics: Animals; Benzoates; Capsaicin; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Isoquinolines; Male; Nociceptors; Pyridines; Quinoxalines; Quinuclidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurokinin-1; Spinal Cord; Stimulation, Chemical; Substance P | 2003 |
D,L-cis-2,3-Pyrrolidine dicarboxylate alters [3H]-L-glutamate binding and induces convulsions in mice.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain Chemistry; Convulsants; Dicarboxylic Acids; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Membranes; Mice; Neuroprotective Agents; Pyrrolidines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Seizures; Stereoisomerism; Structure-Activity Relationship | 2003 |
Activation of group III metabotropic glutamate receptors presynaptically reduces both GABAergic and glutamatergic transmission in the rat globus pallidus.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Female; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Globus Pallidus; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Internal Capsule; Iontophoresis; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Piperazines; Propionates; Pyridazines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Receptors, Presynaptic; Synaptic Transmission | 2003 |
Dual roles in feeding for AMPA/kainate receptors: receptor activation or inactivation within distinct hypothalamic regions elicits feeding behavior.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Feeding Behavior; Glutamic Acid; Hypothalamic Area, Lateral; Hypothalamus; Male; Neural Pathways; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Synaptic Transmission | 2003 |
Spinal control of erection by glutamate in rats.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Anesthesia; Animals; Blood Pressure; Catheterization; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Penile Erection; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spinal Cord; Stimulation, Chemical | 2004 |
Differential effects of zinc on glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmitter systems in the hippocampus.
Topics: Animals; Calcium Channel Blockers; Chelating Agents; Chlorides; Dizocilpine Maleate; Down-Regulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Neural Inhibition; Neural Pathways; Presynaptic Terminals; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Up-Regulation; Zinc; Zinc Compounds | 2004 |
Involvement of endogeneous glutamate in the stimulatory effect of norepinephrine and serotonin on the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical axis.
Topics: 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hydrocortisone; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Male; Norepinephrine; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Phenylephrine; Pituitary-Adrenal System; Quinoxalines; Radioimmunoassay; Rats; Serotonin; Serotonin Receptor Agonists; Valine | 2004 |
ZD7288 inhibits postsynaptic glutamate receptor-mediated responses at hippocampal perforant path-granule cell synapses.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Cardiotonic Agents; Cesium; Electric Conductivity; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Long-Term Potentiation; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Perforant Pathway; Pyrimidines; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Synapses; Time Factors | 2004 |
Spectroscopic and kinetic methods for ligand-protein interactions of glutamate receptor.
Topics: Chemistry Techniques, Analytical; Cysteine; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Ligands; Protein Binding; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared | 2004 |
Concentrations of glutamate released following spinal cord injury kill oligodendrocytes in the spinal cord.
Topics: Animals; Cell Count; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Neuroprotective Agents; Oligodendroglia; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Spinal Cord; Spinal Cord Injuries; Time Factors | 2004 |
Protective cap over CA1 synapses: extrasynaptic glutamate does not reach the postsynaptic density.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Aspartic Acid; Dizocilpine Maleate; Drug Interactions; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Models, Neurological; N-Methylaspartate; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Potassium Channel Blockers; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Synapses | 2004 |
Effects of the lurcher mutation on GluR1 desensitization and activation kinetics.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Neurologic Mutants; Models, Biological; Monte Carlo Method; Mutation; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA | 2004 |
Glutamatergic synaptic transmission participates in generating the hippocampal EEG.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Ventricles; Electroencephalography; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Injections, Intraventricular; Kinetics; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Synaptic Transmission | 2004 |
Induction of Dickkopf-1, a negative modulator of the Wnt pathway, is associated with neuronal degeneration in Alzheimer's brain.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Apoptosis; bcl-2-Associated X Protein; Cells, Cultured; Dizocilpine Maleate; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Nerve Degeneration; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurofibrillary Tangles; Neurons; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; Peptide Fragments; Phosphorylation; Protein Processing, Post-Translational; Proteins; Proto-Oncogene Proteins; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; Quinoxalines; Rats; RNA, Messenger; Signal Transduction; tau Proteins; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; Wnt Proteins | 2004 |
Characterization of hydroxyl radical generation in the striatum of free-moving rats due to carbon monoxide poisoning, as determined by in vivo microdialysis.
Topics: Animals; Carbon Monoxide Poisoning; Corpus Striatum; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hydroxybenzoates; Hydroxyl Radical; Male; Microdialysis; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tetrodotoxin; Wakefulness | 2004 |
Tetanization-induced pelvic-to-pudendal reflex plasticity in anesthetized rats.
Topics: Animals; Bicuculline; Decerebrate State; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; GABA Antagonists; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Long-Term Potentiation; N-Methylaspartate; Nervous System Physiological Phenomena; Neuronal Plasticity; Pelvis; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reflex; Valine | 2004 |
Excitatory amino acid induced oligodendrocyte cell death in vitro: receptor-dependent and -independent mechanisms.
Topics: 2',3'-Cyclic-Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Annexin A5; Blotting, Western; Cell Death; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly; Cystine; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acids; Fluoresceins; G(M1) Ganglioside; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia; Immunohistochemistry; Indoles; JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Kainic Acid; MAP Kinase Kinase 4; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Myelin Basic Protein; Myelin Proteins; Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein; Nogo Proteins; Oligodendroglia; Oligopeptides; Peroxides; Phosphorylation; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reactive Oxygen Species; Receptors, Cell Surface; Signal Transduction; Time Factors | 2004 |
Differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells into a defined neuronal lineage.
Topics: Animals; Bicuculline; Blotting, Western; Calmodulin-Binding Proteins; Carrier Proteins; Cell Count; Cell Differentiation; Cell Lineage; Cells, Cultured; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Embryo, Mammalian; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Eye Proteins; Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 7; Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins; GABA Antagonists; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; Homeodomain Proteins; Immunohistochemistry; Indoles; Intermediate Filament Proteins; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Nestin; Neuroglia; Neurogranin; Neurons; Paired Box Transcription Factors; Patch-Clamp Techniques; PAX6 Transcription Factor; Quinoxalines; Receptor, Nerve Growth Factor; Receptor, trkA; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor; Repressor Proteins; Stem Cells; Synaptophysin; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Tretinoin; Tubulin; Valine | 2004 |
Differential roles of NR2A and NR2B-containing NMDA receptors in cortical long-term potentiation and long-term depression.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cerebral Cortex; Dicarboxylic Acids; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Long-Term Potentiation; Long-Term Synaptic Depression; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; Phenols; Picrotoxin; Piperidines; Protein Subunits; Pyrrolidines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 2004 |
Functional analysis of glutamate transporters in excitatory synaptic transmission of GLAST1 and GLAST1/EAAC1 deficient mice.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; Blotting, Western; Brain; Cells, Cultured; Electric Stimulation; Embryo, Mammalian; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; In Vitro Techniques; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Piperazines; Purkinje Cells; Quinoxalines; RNA; Stem Cells; Synaptic Transmission; Time Factors | 2004 |
Synaptic transmission and synchronous activity is disrupted in hippocampal slices taken from aged TAS10 mice.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Action Potentials; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Animals; Cortical Synchronization; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Long-Term Potentiation; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Mutation; Nerve Net; Neural Inhibition; Neural Pathways; Organ Culture Techniques; Potassium Channel Blockers; Presynaptic Terminals; Quinoxalines; Synaptic Transmission | 2005 |
Neuroprotective effects of beta-secretase inhibitors against rat retinal ganglion cell death.
Topics: Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cell Count; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Endopeptidases; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fluoresceins; Fluorescent Dyes; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Oligopeptides; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rats, Wistar; Retinal Ganglion Cells | 2004 |
The linoleic acid derivative FR236924 facilitates hippocampal synaptic transmission by enhancing activity of presynaptic alpha7 acetylcholine receptors on the glutamatergic terminals.
Topics: Alkanes; Animals; Bicuculline; Bungarotoxins; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cyclopropanes; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Indoles; Linoleic Acid; Lysine; Male; Maleimides; Mecamylamine; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Presynaptic Terminals; Protein Kinase C; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Nicotinic; Receptors, Presynaptic; Synaptic Transmission; Valine | 2005 |
GABAergic neurons in the central region of the spinal cord: a novel substrate for sympathetic inhibition.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Action Potentials; Animals; Autonomic Fibers, Preganglionic; Axonal Transport; Bicuculline; Chlorides; Electric Stimulation; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Glutamic Acid; Herpesvirus 1, Suid; Homeostasis; In Situ Hybridization; Interneurons; Isoenzymes; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; RNA, Messenger; Spinal Cord; Strychnine | 2005 |
Presenilin attenuates receptor-mediated signaling and synaptic function.
Topics: Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases; Animals; Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases; Carbamates; Carbazoles; Cell Adhesion Molecules; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Membrane; Colforsin; Cyclic AMP; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; DCC Receptor; Dipeptides; Endopeptidases; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Genes, DCC; Glutamic Acid; Indoles; Lidocaine; Membrane Proteins; Memory; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Neurites; Neuroblastoma; Neurons; Piperazines; Presenilin-1; Protein Processing, Post-Translational; Pyrroles; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Cell Surface; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Second Messenger Systems; Synaptic Transmission; Transfection; Tumor Suppressor Proteins | 2005 |
Cellular and subcellular calcium accumulation during glutamate-induced injury in cerebellar granule neurons.
Topics: Age Factors; Alamethicin; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain Diseases; Calcium; Calcium Isotopes; Carbonyl Cyanide p-Trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone; Cell Count; Cell Death; Cell Fractionation; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Diagnostic Imaging; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Fura-2; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hydro-Lyases; Indoles; Intracellular Space; Ionophores; Male; Mitochondria; Neurons; Propidium; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Time Factors | 2005 |
Effects of Na+-Ca2+ exchanger activity on the alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolone-propionate-induced Ca2+ influx in cerebellar Purkinje neurons.
Topics: Agatoxins; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Bepridil; Calbindins; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Diagnostic Imaging; Drug Interactions; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Glutamic Acid; Isoxazoles; Microscopy, Confocal; Oligonucleotides, Antisense; Polyamines; Propionates; Purkinje Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; S100 Calcium Binding Protein G; Sodium; Sodium Channel Blockers; Sodium-Calcium Exchanger; Thiourea | 2005 |
Visualization of synaptic Ca2+ /calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II activity in living neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Adenosine Triphosphate; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Benzylamines; Blotting, Western; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; Calmodulin; Cell Line; Diagnostic Imaging; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Enzyme Activation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; Humans; Insecta; Luminescent Proteins; Microscopy, Confocal; Molecular Biology; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Phosphorylation; Protein Binding; Quinoxalines; Sodium Channel Blockers; Sulfonamides; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Transfection | 2005 |
Glutamate induces the rapid formation of spine head protrusions in hippocampal slice cultures.
Topics: Animals; Dendrites; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Kinetics; Mice; N-Methylaspartate; Organ Culture Techniques; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Tetrodotoxin | 2005 |
Group III metabotropic glutamate receptors and exocytosed protons inhibit L-type calcium currents in cones but not in rods.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channels, L-Type; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Guanosine Diphosphate; HEPES; In Vitro Techniques; Light; Membrane Potentials; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Propionates; Protons; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Retina; Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells; Retinal Rod Photoreceptor Cells; Salamandridae; Synaptic Transmission; Thionucleotides; Vision, Ocular; Visual Pathways | 2005 |
Release of arginine, glutamate and glutamine in the hippocampus of freely moving rats: Involvement of nitric oxide.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Arginine; Behavior, Animal; Drug Interactions; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hippocampus; Indazoles; Male; Microdialysis; N-Methylaspartate; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Donors; Oxadiazoles; Penicillamine; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Wakefulness | 2005 |
Synaptically released and exogenous ACh activates different nicotinic receptors to enhance evoked glutamatergic transmission in the lateral geniculate nucleus.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Acetylcholine; Aconitine; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Bicuculline; Bungarotoxins; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Chick Embryo; Conotoxins; Dihydro-beta-Erythroidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; Geniculate Bodies; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Magnesium; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Nicotinic Antagonists; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Nicotinic; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Time Factors | 2005 |
Prolongation and enhancement of gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor mediated excitation by chronic treatment with estradiol in developing rat hippocampal neurons.
Topics: Animals; Bicuculline; Blotting, Western; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels, L-Type; Cells, Cultured; Diagnostic Imaging; Diltiazem; Dizocilpine Maleate; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Interactions; Embryo, Mammalian; Estradiol; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Fura-2; GABA Agonists; GABA Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; K Cl- Cotransporters; Muscimol; Neurons; Nimodipine; Potassium Chloride; Pregnancy; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, GABA-A; Sodium-Potassium-Chloride Symporters; Solute Carrier Family 12, Member 2; Symporters; Time Factors | 2005 |
Programmed and induced phenotype of the hippocampal granule cells.
Topics: Animals; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Calbindins; Cells, Cultured; Dynorphins; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Neuronal Plasticity; Organ Culture Techniques; Phenotype; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; S100 Calcium Binding Protein G; Synapses; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1; Vesicular Inhibitory Amino Acid Transport Proteins | 2005 |
Patterned expression of Purkinje cell glutamate transporters controls synaptic plasticity.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Aspartic Acid; Calcium; Cannabinoids; Cerebellum; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 4; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Long-Term Synaptic Depression; Membrane Potentials; Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol; Neuronal Plasticity; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Purkinje Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Synapses | 2005 |
Glutamatergic neurotransmission and protein kinase C play a role in neuron-glia communication during the development of methamphetamine-induced psychological dependence.
Topics: Amphetamine-Related Disorders; Animals; Astrocytes; Calcium; Cell Communication; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Coculture Techniques; Conditioning, Operant; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Methamphetamine; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Microscopy, Confocal; Neuroglia; Neurons; Piperidines; Pregnancy; Protein Kinase C; Pyridines; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Synaptic Transmission | 2005 |
Maintenance of presynaptic function by AMPA receptor-mediated excitatory postsynaptic activity in adult brain.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Binding Sites; Brain; Calcium; Cerebellum; Dendrites; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electrophysiology; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Microscopy, Electron; Motor Activity; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Polyvinyls; Presynaptic Terminals; Purkinje Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Sodium; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 2005 |
Theta bursts set up glutamatergic as well as GABA-ergic plasticity in neonatal rat hippocampal CA1 neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Picrotoxin; Presynaptic Terminals; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, GABA-A; Theta Rhythm | 2006 |
Tonic facilitation of glutamate release by presynaptic NR2B-containing NMDA receptors is increased in the entorhinal cortex of chronically epileptic rats.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Autoreceptors; Chronic Disease; Entorhinal Cortex; Epilepsy, Generalized; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Phenols; Pilocarpine; Piperidines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Status Epilepticus | 2006 |
GABAergic signaling at mossy fiber synapses in neonatal rat hippocampus.
Topics: Action Potentials; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Bicuculline; Cation Transport Proteins; Dentate Gyrus; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Flurazepam; GABA Uptake Inhibitors; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Interneurons; Mossy Fibers, Hippocampal; Nipecotic Acids; Oximes; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Phosphinic Acids; Picrotoxin; Propanolamines; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reaction Time; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, GABA-A; Synaptic Transmission; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1 | 2006 |
NMDA receptors in layer 4 spiny stellate cells of the mouse barrel cortex contain the NR2C subunit.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Bicuculline; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Genes, Reporter; Glutamic Acid; Lac Operon; Lidocaine; Magnesium; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Protein Subunits; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sodium Channel Blockers; Somatosensory Cortex; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2006 |
Functional characterisation of homomeric ionotropic glutamate receptors GluR1-GluR6 in a fluorescence-based high throughput screening assay.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Benzothiadiazines; Calcium; Cell Line; Combinatorial Chemistry Techniques; Concanavalin A; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fluorescence; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Kainic Acid; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Signal Transduction; Xanthenes | 2006 |
The structure of a mixed GluR2 ligand-binding core dimer in complex with (S)-glutamate and the antagonist (S)-NS1209.
Topics: Animals; Binding Sites; Crystallography, X-Ray; Dimerization; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hydrogen Bonding; Macromolecular Substances; Models, Molecular; Molecular Structure; Protein Structure, Quaternary; Pyrroles; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Recombinant Proteins; Tetrahydroisoquinolines; Thermodynamics | 2006 |
Glutamate stimulates oligodendrocyte progenitor migration mediated via an alphav integrin/myelin proteolipid protein complex.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Animals, Genetically Modified; Animals, Newborn; Benzodiazepines; Blotting, Western; Calcium; Carbachol; Carbonyl Cyanide p-Trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone; Cell Movement; Cells, Cultured; Chelating Agents; Cholinergic Agonists; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Egtazic Acid; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fibronectins; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Immunoprecipitation; Integrin alphaV; Ionophores; Kainic Acid; Models, Biological; Myelin Proteolipid Protein; Myelin Sheath; Oligodendroglia; Pertussis Toxin; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alpha; Receptors, AMPA; Ruthenium Red; Stem Cells; Thapsigargin | 2006 |
Crystal structures of the kainate receptor GluR5 ligand binding core dimer with novel GluR5-selective antagonists.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Alanine; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Binding Sites; Crystallography, X-Ray; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GluK2 Kainate Receptor; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen Bonding; Models, Molecular; Oocytes; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Thymine; Xenopus laevis | 2006 |
Estrogen modulates the spinal N-methyl-D-aspartic acid-mediated pelvic nerve-to-urethra reflex plasticity in rats.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Afferent Pathways; Animals; Estrogens; Female; Glutamic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Neuronal Plasticity; Pelvis; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reflex; Spinal Cord; Urethra | 2006 |
Nitric oxide inhibits mitochondrial movement in forebrain neurons associated with disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cyclic GMP; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Embryo, Mammalian; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glutamic Acid; Hydrazines; Membrane Potentials; Mitochondria; Movement; Neurons; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Donors; Nitrogen Oxides; Oxadiazoles; Prosencephalon; Quinoxalines; Rats; Time Factors | 2006 |
Oligodendrocyte excitotoxicity determined by local glutamate accumulation and mitochondrial function.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Benzimidazoles; Brain; Calcium; Carbocyanines; Carbonyl Cyanide p-Trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Ionophores; Mitochondria; Oligodendroglia; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Time Factors | 2006 |
Serum-dependence of AMPA receptor-mediated proliferation in glioma cells.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Astrocytes; Calcium; Cattle; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Movement; Cell Proliferation; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Combinations; Gene Expression; Glioma; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Neoplasm; Serum | 2006 |
Injection of l-glutamate into medial prefrontal cortex induces cardiovascular responses through NMDA receptor - nitric oxide in rat.
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Heart Rate; Hemodynamics; Male; Microinjections; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; Prefrontal Cortex; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 2006 |
A role for glutamate and glia in the fast network oscillations preceding spreading depression.
Topics: Animals; Cortical Spreading Depression; Drug Interactions; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Female; Fluoroacetates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Nerve Net; Neuroglia; Neurons; Organophosphonates; Periodicity; Piperazines; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Rats; Time Factors | 2006 |
Suprachiasmatic nucleus communicates with anterior thalamic paraventricular nucleus neurons via rapid glutamatergic and gabaergic neurotransmission: state-dependent response patterns observed in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Bicuculline; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Midline Thalamic Nuclei; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Suprachiasmatic Nucleus; Synaptic Transmission | 2006 |
Glutamatergic Control of Microvascular Tone by Distinct GABA Neurons in the Cerebellum.
Topics: Animals; Cerebellum; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Enzyme Inhibitors; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hydrazines; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Microcirculation; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Donors; Nitrogen Oxides; Oxadiazoles; Purkinje Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Vasoconstriction; Vasodilation | 2006 |
Miniature synaptic currents become neurotoxic to chronically silenced neurons.
Topics: Action Potentials; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Apoptosis; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Dendritic Spines; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2007 |
Glutamate receptor-mediated inhibition of L-glutamate efflux from cerebral cortex in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia; In Vitro Techniques; Neural Inhibition; Pyridines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Time Factors | 2006 |
Methotrexate induces seizure and decreases glutamate uptake in brain slices: prevention by ionotropic glutamate receptors antagonists and adenosine.
Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Brain; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Methotrexate; Mice; Neuroprotective Agents; Quinoxalines; Seizures | 2006 |
Differential sensitivity of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission to modulation by nitric oxide in rat nucleus tractus solitarii.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Diethylamines; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electrochemistry; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Guanylate Cyclase; In Vitro Techniques; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Donors; Oxadiazoles; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Presynaptic Terminals; Pyrazoles; Pyridines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Solitary Nucleus; Synaptic Transmission; Time Factors | 2007 |
Taurine, taurine analogues, and taurine functions: overview.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Kainic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Motor Activity; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Taurine; Tetrodotoxin | 2006 |
Block of kainate receptor desensitization uncovers a key trafficking checkpoint.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cysteine; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GluK2 Kainate Receptor; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Hippocampus; Humans; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Models, Biological; Mutation; Neurons; Oocytes; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Protein Transport; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Structure-Activity Relationship; Transfection; Xenopus | 2006 |
The NMDA and AMPA/KA receptors are involved in glutamate-induced alterations of occludin expression and phosphorylation in brain endothelial cells.
Topics: Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain; Cells, Cultured; Dizocilpine Maleate; Endothelial Cells; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Membrane Proteins; Occludin; Phosphorylation; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Threonine; Tyrosine | 2007 |
Synaptic activation of dendritic AMPA and NMDA receptors generates transient high-frequency firing in substantia nigra dopamine neurons in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Dendrites; Dopamine; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Substantia Nigra; Synapses; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 2007 |
Cardiovascular effects of L-glutamate microinjection in the supraoptic nucleus of unanaesthetized rats.
Topics: Animals; Arginine Vasopressin; Blood Pressure; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Ganglionic Blockers; Glutamic Acid; Heart Rate; Isoquinolines; Male; Microinjections; Pentolinium Tartrate; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Supraoptic Nucleus; Vasopressins | 2007 |
NMDA receptors in preBotzinger complex neurons can drive respiratory rhythm independent of AMPA receptors.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Magnesium; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Periodicity; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Respiratory Center; Respiratory Mechanics; Synaptic Transmission | 2007 |
Impact of intertrigeminal region AMPA receptor blockade on respiratory responses in rats.
Topics: Animals; Apnea; Glutamic Acid; Male; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Reflex; Respiratory Mechanics; Serotonin; Trigeminal Nerve; Trigeminal Nuclei; Vagus Nerve | 2007 |
Ca2+ entry via AMPA-type glutamate receptors triggers Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release from ryanodine receptors in rat spiral ganglion neurons.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Caffeine; Calcium; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Ryanodine; Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel; Spiral Ganglion | 2008 |
Interaction between glutamatergic and nitrergic mechanisms mediating cardiovascular responses to L-glutamate injection in the diagonal band of Broca in anesthetized rats.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Arginine; Benzoates; Blood Pressure; Diagonal Band of Broca; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Heart Rate; Imidazoles; Isoquinolines; Male; Microinjections; Nitrergic Neurons; Oxadiazoles; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate | 2007 |
Rapid bidirectional switching of synaptic NMDA receptors.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Brain; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Long-Term Potentiation; Male; Organ Culture Techniques; Piperidines; Protein Subunits; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Time Factors | 2007 |
The free energy landscapes governing conformational changes in a glutamate receptor ligand-binding domain.
Topics: Apoproteins; Binding Sites; Computer Simulation; Glutamic Acid; Ligands; Models, Molecular; Mutation; Protein Conformation; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Scattering, Small Angle; Thermodynamics; X-Ray Diffraction | 2007 |
The ventrolateral periaqueductal gray is involved in the cardiovascular response evoked by l-glutamate microinjection into the lateral hypothalamus of anesthetized rats.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Blood Pressure; Cobalt; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Heart Rate; Hypothalamic Area, Lateral; Isoquinolines; Male; Microinjections; Nerve Block; Periaqueductal Gray; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2008 |
Regulation of SULT2B1a (pregnenolone sulfotransferase) expression in rat C6 glioma cells: relevance of AMPA receptor-mediated NO signaling.
Topics: Animals; Benzothiadiazines; Cell Line, Tumor; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glioma; Glutamic Acid; Isoenzymes; Neuroglia; Nitric Oxide; Pregnenolone; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; Signal Transduction; Sulfotransferases | 2008 |
Glutamatergic neurotransmission is not essential for, but plays a modulatory role in, the production of gasping in arterially-perfused adult rat.
Topics: Animals; Glutamic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Phrenic Nerve; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Respiration Disorders; Respiratory Mechanics; Synaptic Transmission | 2008 |
The expression of contextual fear conditioning involves activation of an NMDA receptor-nitric oxide pathway in the medial prefrontal cortex.
Topics: Animals; Arginine; Benzoates; Blood Pressure; Conditioning, Psychological; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fear; Freezing Reaction, Cataleptic; Glutamic Acid; Heart Rate; Imidazoles; Isoquinolines; Male; Nitric Oxide; Prefrontal Cortex; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission | 2008 |
Activin induces long-lasting N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation via scaffolding PDZ protein activin receptor interacting protein 1.
Topics: Activins; Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; Animals; Benzamides; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Dioxoles; Dizocilpine Maleate; Embryo, Mammalian; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Guanylate Kinases; Hippocampus; Immunoprecipitation; Neurons; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; Proteins; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Time Factors; Transfection | 2008 |
Sensorineural deafness and seizures in mice lacking vesicular glutamate transporter 3.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Amino Acid Transport Systems, Acidic; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Calcium; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Electroencephalography; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hair Cells, Auditory; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural; Membrane Potentials; Membrane Proteins; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Reflex, Startle; Seizures; Spiral Ganglion | 2008 |
Anterior cingulate cortex modulates visceral pain as measured by visceromotor responses in viscerally hypersensitive rats.
Topics: Albumins; Anaphylaxis; Animals; Colon; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Glutamic Acid; Gyrus Cinguli; Hypersensitivity; Male; Motor Cortex; Neurons; Pain; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Viscera | 2008 |
In vitro activation of the medial septum-diagonal band complex generates atropine-sensitive and atropine-resistant hippocampal theta rhythm: an investigation using a complete septohippocampal preparation.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bicuculline; Carbachol; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Muscarinic Antagonists; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, Muscarinic; Septum Pellucidum; Tetrodotoxin; Theta Rhythm | 2008 |
Electric fields due to synaptic currents sharpen excitatory transmission.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Dendrites; Diffusion; Dipeptides; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Magnesium; Male; Monte Carlo Method; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, GABA; Synapses | 2008 |
Glutamatergic contributions to nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist-evoked cholinergic transients in the prefrontal cortex.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Choline; Dihydro-beta-Erythroidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electrochemistry; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mecamylamine; Neostigmine; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Prefrontal Cortex; Pyridines; Pyrrolidines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin; Valine | 2008 |
Effects of glutamate-related drugs on marble-burying behavior in mice: implications for obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Amantadine; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Memantine; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Motor Activity; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reflex, Startle; Riluzole | 2008 |
Pharmacologic analysis of the mechanism of dark neuron production in cerebral cortex.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Artifacts; Biopsy; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Dizocilpine Maleate; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hypoglycemia; Male; Neurons; Potassium Channel Blockers; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tetraethylammonium | 2008 |
Ethanol facilitates glutamatergic transmission to dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area.
Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Animals; Dopamine; Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Ethanol; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Neurons; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Raclopride; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Reserpine; Synaptic Transmission; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2009 |
Pre-conditioning induced by carbon monoxide provides neuronal protection against apoptosis.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Apoptosis; Carbon Monoxide; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Decanoic Acids; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glutamic Acid; Hydroxy Acids; Metalloporphyrins; Mice; Neurons; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Oxadiazoles; Oxidative Stress; Quinoxalines; Reactive Oxygen Species; tert-Butylhydroperoxide; Time Factors | 2008 |
Blockade of NMDA receptors in the prefrontal cortex increases dopamine and acetylcholine release in the nucleus accumbens and motor activity.
Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Acetylcholine; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Cholinergic Antagonists; Dopamine; Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Flupenthixol; Glutamic Acid; Homovanillic Acid; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mecamylamine; Microinjections; Motor Activity; Muscarinic Antagonists; N-Methylaspartate; Nicotinic Antagonists; Nucleus Accumbens; Piperazines; Prefrontal Cortex; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Scopolamine | 2008 |
Involvement of glutamate neurotransmission and N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor in the activation of midbrain dopamine neurons by 5-HT1A receptor agonists: an electrophysiological study in the rat.
Topics: 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dopamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Agents; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neurons; Organophosphonates; Piperazines; Prefrontal Cortex; Pyridines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Serotonin; Serotonin Antagonists; Serotonin Receptor Agonists; Synaptic Transmission; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2008 |
Differential inhibition of globus pallidus neurons by electrical or chemical stimulation of the striatum.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Biophysics; Corpus Striatum; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Agents; Globus Pallidus; Glutamic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Neural Inhibition; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Stimulation, Chemical | 2008 |
The role of different glutamate receptors in the mediation of glutamate-evoked excitation of red nucleus neurons after simulated microgravity in rat.
Topics: Animals; Dizocilpine Maleate; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hindlimb Suspension; Microinjections; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Red Nucleus; Stimulation, Chemical; Weightlessness Simulation | 2008 |
Aniracetam and DNQX affect the acquisition of rapid tolerance to ethanol in mice.
Topics: Animals; Central Nervous System Depressants; Drug Tolerance; Ethanol; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Nootropic Agents; Postural Balance; Psychomotor Performance; Pyrrolidinones; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid | 2009 |
Phospho-regulation of synaptic and extrasynaptic N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors in adult hippocampal slices.
Topics: Animals; Bicuculline; Biophysical Phenomena; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Immunoprecipitation; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Organometallic Compounds; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Phenanthrolines; Phosphorylation; Protein Subunits; Protein Transport; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Subcellular Fractions; Synapses; Tyrosine | 2009 |
Targeted disruption of serine racemase affects glutamatergic neurotransmission and behavior.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Benzylamines; Biotin; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Inhibition, Psychological; Lidocaine; Maze Learning; Memory Disorders; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Motor Activity; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Phosphinic Acids; Psychomotor Performance; Quinoxalines; Racemases and Epimerases; Rotarod Performance Test; Space Perception | 2009 |
Stimulation of NMDA and AMPA glutamate receptors elicits distinct concentration dynamics of nitric oxide in rat hippocampal slices.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Calcium; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Male; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Polyamines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 2009 |
Abnormal network activity in a targeted genetic model of human double cortex.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Animals, Genetically Modified; Animals, Newborn; Bicuculline; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Doublecortin Domain Proteins; Doublecortin Protein; Electroporation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Malformations of Cortical Development; Membrane Potentials; Microtubule-Associated Proteins; Mutation; Nerve Net; Neurons; Neuropeptides; Pregnancy; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; RNA, Small Interfering; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin; Valine | 2009 |
Glucocorticoids regulate glutamate and GABA synapse-specific retrograde transmission via divergent nongenomic signaling pathways.
Topics: Animals; Arginine; Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; Dexamethasone; Dronabinol; Electric Stimulation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glucocorticoids; Glutamic Acid; GTP-Binding Proteins; Guanosine Diphosphate; Hypothalamus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neurons; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Donors; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Penicillamine; Piperidines; Pyrans; Pyrazoles; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rimonabant; Signal Transduction; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Thionucleotides; Valine | 2009 |
Effects of glutamate receptor activation on NG2-glia in the rat optic nerve.
Topics: Action Potentials; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Antigens; Astrocytes; Axons; Biomarkers; Blotting, Western; Calcium; Calcium Signaling; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; Female; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Kainic Acid; Male; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Neural Conduction; Neuroglia; Optic Nerve; Proteoglycans; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate; Tissue Culture Techniques | 2009 |
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in the insular cortex modulate baroreflex in unanesthetized rats.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Autonomic Pathways; Baroreflex; Blood Pressure; Bradycardia; Cerebral Cortex; Cobalt; Efferent Pathways; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Heart Rate; Isoquinolines; Neurons; Nitroprusside; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission | 2009 |
Vesicular glutamate filling and AMPA receptor occupancy at the calyx of Held synapse of immature rats.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Action Potentials; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Benzothiadiazines; Brain Stem; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Presynaptic Terminals; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Synaptic Vesicles; Temperature; Tetrodotoxin | 2009 |
Nanosculpting reversed wavelength sensitivity into a photoswitchable iGluR.
Topics: Animals; Azo Compounds; Cell Line; Computer Simulation; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Ion Channel Gating; Ligands; Light; Maleimides; Models, Molecular; Nanotechnology; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Protein Conformation; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Stereoisomerism; Titrimetry | 2009 |
De-coupling of blood flow and metabolism in the rat brain induced by glutamate.
Topics: Amphetamines; Animals; Autoradiography; Brain; Carbon Radioisotopes; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Dizocilpine Maleate; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Male; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 2009 |
KCC2 expression promotes the termination of cortical interneuron migration in a voltage-sensitive calcium-dependent manner.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Bicuculline; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels, L-Type; Cell Movement; Cerebral Cortex; Electroporation; Embryo, Mammalian; Female; GABA Agents; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Homeodomain Proteins; Interneurons; K Cl- Cotransporters; LIM-Homeodomain Proteins; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Transgenic; Microtubule-Associated Proteins; Models, Biological; Muscimol; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Nifedipine; omega-Conotoxin GVIA; Organ Culture Techniques; Pregnancy; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; RNA, Small Interfering; Sequence Deletion; Symporters; Transcription Factors; Valine | 2009 |
Cardiovascular responses to microinjections of urocortins into the NTS: role of inotropic glutamate receptors.
Topics: Amphibian Proteins; Aniline Compounds; Animals; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Heart Rate; Male; Microinjections; Peptide Hormones; Pyrimidines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Receptors, Glutamate; Solitary Nucleus; Sympathetic Nervous System; Urocortins | 2009 |
Synaptic and extrasynaptic factors governing glutamatergic retinal waves.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport Systems, Acidic; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Aspartic Acid; Calcium; Dihydro-beta-Erythroidine; Drug Interactions; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Models, Biological; N-Methylaspartate; Neural Inhibition; Nicotinic Antagonists; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pyridazines; Quinoxalines; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Time Factors; Valine; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1 | 2009 |
Reduced expression of the "fast" calcium transporter PMCA2a during homeostatic plasticity.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Down-Regulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Homeostasis; Neuronal Plasticity; Plasma Membrane Calcium-Transporting ATPases; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate; Synapses | 2009 |
Glutamatergic neurotransmission in the procerebrum (olfactory center) of a terrestrial mollusk.
Topics: Action Potentials; Amino Acid Sequence; Animal Structures; Animals; Biological Clocks; Gastropoda; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; Molecular Sequence Data; Olfactory Pathways; Phylogeny; Quinoxalines; RNA, Messenger; Sequence Alignment; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Serotonin Antagonists; Smell; Species Specificity; Synaptic Transmission; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Proteins | 2009 |
Regulation of glutamate transport in developing rat oligodendrocytes.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Aspartic Acid; Benzodiazepines; Bicuculline; Brain; Cells, Cultured; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3; Female; Fibroblast Growth Factors; GABA Antagonists; Gangliosides; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; O Antigens; Oligodendroglia; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; Pregnancy; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin; Tritium | 2009 |
Effects of quetiapine on monoamine, GABA, and glutamate release in rat prefrontal cortex.
Topics: Action Potentials; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Biogenic Monoamines; Chromatography, Liquid; Dibenzothiazepines; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Neurons; Prefrontal Cortex; Quetiapine Fumarate; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Time Factors | 2009 |
Inhibition of vitreoretinal VEGF elevation and blood-retinal barrier breakdown in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by brimonidine.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Blood Glucose; Blood-Retinal Barrier; Blotting, Western; Brimonidine Tartrate; Capillary Permeability; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Glutamic Acid; Infusion Pumps; Male; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred BN; Rats, Long-Evans; Retina; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; Vitreous Body | 2010 |
Control of cannabinoid CB1 receptor function on glutamate axon terminals by endogenous adenosine acting at A1 receptors.
Topics: Adenosine; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Benzoxazines; Biophysics; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; Caffeine; Calcium Channel Blockers; Dronabinol; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Morpholines; Naphthalenes; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Phosphinic Acids; Picrotoxin; Piperidines; Presynaptic Terminals; Propanolamines; Pyrazoles; Quinoxalines; Receptor, Adenosine A1; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1; Xanthines | 2010 |
Activation of presynaptic alpha7 nicotinic receptors evokes an excitatory response in hippocampal CA3 neurones in anaesthetized rats: an in vivo iontophoretic study.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Aconitine; Animals; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; Bridged-Ring Compounds; D-Aspartic Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Nicotine; Nicotinic Antagonists; Pyridines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Nicotinic; Receptors, Presynaptic; Spiro Compounds | 2010 |
Brimonidine is neuroprotective against glutamate-induced neurotoxicity, oxidative stress, and hypoxia in purified rat retinal ganglion cells.
Topics: Animals; Brimonidine Tartrate; Cell Hypoxia; Cell Separation; Cell Survival; Glutamic Acid; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Oxidative Stress; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Retinal Ganglion Cells | 2010 |
In vivo modulation of nitric oxide concentration dynamics upon glutamatergic neuronal activation in the hippocampus.
Topics: Animals; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; Dentate Gyrus; Dizocilpine Maleate; Electrochemical Techniques; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microelectrodes; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 2011 |
Inactivation of the central but not the basolateral nucleus of the amygdala disrupts learning in response to overexpectation of reward.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Association Learning; Attention; Cognition; Cues; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Learning; Learning Disabilities; Limbic System; Male; Mental Processes; Neural Pathways; Neuropsychological Tests; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Receptors, Glutamate; Reward; Synaptic Transmission; Teaching | 2010 |
N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptors in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus modulate cardiac component of the baroreflex in unanesthetized rats.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Baroreflex; Blood Pressure; Bradycardia; Cobalt; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Heart; Isoquinolines; Male; Microinjections; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 2010 |
Cardiovascular responses to L-glutamate microinjection into the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus are mediated by a local nitric oxide-guanylate cyclase mechanism.
Topics: Animals; Benzoates; Blood Pressure; Cardiovascular System; Drug Interactions; Glutamic Acid; Guanylate Cyclase; Heart Rate; Imidazoles; Male; Microinjections; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Donors; Nitroprusside; Oxadiazoles; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Time Factors; Wakefulness | 2010 |
Dopaminergic terminals in the nucleus accumbens but not the dorsal striatum corelease glutamate.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Benzazepines; Biophysics; Channelrhodopsins; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Dopamine Antagonists; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Exocytosis; Female; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Nucleus Accumbens; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Photic Stimulation; Presynaptic Terminals; Quinoxalines; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2 | 2010 |
Desire and dread from the nucleus accumbens: cortical glutamate and subcortical GABA differentially generate motivation and hedonic impact in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Fear; Feeding Behavior; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Motivation; Muscimol; Nucleus Accumbens; Quinoxalines; Rats | 2010 |
Metaplasticity at single glutamatergic synapses.
Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Biophysics; Dendritic Spines; Electric Stimulation; Embryo, Mammalian; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Hippocampus; Long-Term Potentiation; Models, Biological; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Tetanus Toxin; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Transfection; Valine | 2010 |
Glutamate enhances the surface distribution and release of Munc18 in cerebral cortical neurons.
Topics: Animals; Biotinylation; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Embryo, Mammalian; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Munc18 Proteins; Neurons; Protein Transport; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Time Factors | 2010 |
Stress-induced priming of glutamate synapses unmasks associative short-term plasticity.
Topics: Animals; Biophysical Phenomena; Biophysics; Chelating Agents; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Dizocilpine Maleate; Drug Interactions; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Exocytosis; Freezing Reaction, Cataleptic; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pyrimidines; Pyrroles; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; SNARE Proteins; Stress, Physiological; Synapses; Time Factors | 2010 |
Specific brainstem neurons switch each other into pacemaker mode to drive movement by activating NMDA receptors.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Action Potentials; Animals; Biological Clocks; Brain Stem; Cadmium Chloride; Dihydro-beta-Erythroidine; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Glycyrrhetinic Acid; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Larva; Models, Biological; Movement; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Periodicity; Pyridazines; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Swimming; Xenopus | 2010 |
Network oscillations in rod-degenerated mouse retinas.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Action Potentials; Age Factors; Animals; Carbenoxolone; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Disease Models, Animal; Evoked Potentials, Visual; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gap Junctions; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; In Vitro Techniques; Light; Male; Meclofenamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Inbred C3H; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Neurologic Mutants; Nerve Net; Neural Inhibition; Periodicity; Pyridazines; Quinoxalines; Retinal Degeneration; Retinal Rod Photoreceptor Cells; Sodium Channel Blockers; Statistics as Topic; Tetrodotoxin | 2011 |
Pre- and post-synaptic functions of kainate receptors at glutamate and GABA synapses in the rat entorhinal cortex.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Entorhinal Cortex; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Nerve Net; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 2012 |
Kainate administered to adult zebrafish causes seizures similar to those in rodent models.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Seizures; Zebrafish | 2011 |
Glutamate-vasopressin interactions and the neurobiology of anabolic steroid-induced offensive aggression.
Topics: Age Factors; Aggression; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Anabolic Agents; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Arginine Vasopressin; Behavior, Animal; Cricetinae; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hormone Antagonists; Hypothalamic Area, Lateral; Male; Mesocricetus; Microinjections; Quinoxalines; Septal Nuclei; Statistics, Nonparametric; Steroids; Vasopressins; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2 | 2011 |
Glutamatergic pre-ictal discharges emerge at the transition to seizure in human epilepsy.
Topics: Action Potentials; Adolescent; Adult; Analysis of Variance; Biophysics; Brain Mapping; Confidence Intervals; Electric Stimulation; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Magnesium; Male; Middle Aged; Nerve Net; Potassium Chloride; Quinoxalines; Valine; Young Adult | 2011 |
A positive feedback synapse from retinal horizontal cells to cone photoreceptors.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Ambystoma; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Signaling; Feedback, Physiological; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Lizards; Membrane Potentials; Quinoxalines; Rabbits; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Retina; Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells; Retinal Horizontal Cells; Synapses; Zebrafish | 2011 |
Desynchronization of multivesicular release enhances Purkinje cell output.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Aspartic Acid; Biophysical Phenomena; Calcium; Cerebellum; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Linear Models; Mice; Nerve Fibers; Nerve Net; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Purkinje Cells; Quinoxalines; Strontium; Synapses; Time Factors | 2011 |
GABA(B) restrains release from singly-evoked GABA terminals.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Benzylamines; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials; Male; Neurons; Phosphinic Acids; Pyridazines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reaction Time; Sodium Channel Blockers; Solitary Nucleus; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Valine | 2011 |
Nucleus accumbens dopamine/glutamate interaction switches modes to generate desire versus dread: D(1) alone for appetitive eating but D(1) and D(2) together for fear.
Topics: Animals; Appetite; Behavior, Animal; Dopamine; Dopamine Antagonists; Eating; Environment; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fear; Genes, fos; Globus Pallidus; Glutamic Acid; Hypothalamic Area, Lateral; Male; Microinjections; Nucleus Accumbens; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2011 |
Transmembrane AMPA receptor regulatory protein regulation of competitive antagonism: a problem of interpretation.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Calcium Channels; Cell Line; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA | 2011 |
Ivy/neurogliaform interneurons coordinate activity in the neurogenic niche.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Bacterial Proteins; Biophysical Phenomena; Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Extracellular Matrix Proteins; GABA Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Interneurons; Iontophoresis; Luminescent Proteins; Lysine; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Models, Neurological; Nerve Net; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neural Inhibition; Neurogenesis; Neuropeptide Y; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Picrotoxin; Pro-Opiomelanocortin; Quinoxalines; Reelin Protein; Serine Endopeptidases; Stem Cell Niche; Synaptic Potentials; Time Factors; Valine | 2011 |
Glutamate spillover promotes the generation of NMDA spikes.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Aspartic Acid; Biophysics; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Signaling; Chelating Agents; Dendrites; Drug Synergism; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Female; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Indoles; Male; Mice; N-Methylaspartate; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Prefrontal Cortex; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Statistics, Nonparametric | 2011 |
System x(c)(-) regulates microglia and macrophage glutamate excitotoxicity in vivo.
Topics: Animals; Cystine; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acids; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Laser Capture Microdissection; Lipopolysaccharides; Macrophages; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microglia; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Oxidation-Reduction; Quinoxalines; Spinal Cord Diseases | 2012 |
The mGluR7 allosteric agonist AMN082 produces antidepressant-like effects by modulating glutamatergic signaling.
Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Benzhydryl Compounds; CHO Cells; Conditioning, Operant; Cricetinae; Cricetulus; Cyclic AMP; Glutamic Acid; Hindlimb Suspension; Hippocampus; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Phosphorylation; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reinforcement Schedule; Signal Transduction | 2012 |
Dopamine-glutamate interplay in the ventral striatum modulates spatial learning in a receptor subtype-dependent manner.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Basal Ganglia; Behavior, Animal; Benzazepines; Dopamine; Dopamine Antagonists; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Exploratory Behavior; Glutamic Acid; Habituation, Psychophysiologic; Learning; Male; Mice; Motor Activity; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Dopamine; Space Perception; Sulpiride | 2012 |
Ionotropic glutamate receptors in hypothalamic paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei mediate vasopressin and oxytocin release in unanesthetized rats.
Topics: Animals; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microinjections; N-Methylaspartate; Oxytocin; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Supraoptic Nucleus; Vasopressins | 2012 |
Regulation of GABA and glutamate release from proopiomelanocortin neuron terminals in intact hypothalamic networks.
Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Channelrhodopsins; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hypothalamus; In Vitro Techniques; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials; Light; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Nerve Net; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Peptides; Presynaptic Terminals; Pro-Opiomelanocortin; Quinoxalines | 2012 |
AMPA/kainate receptors in the ventromedial hypothalamus mediate the effects of glutamate on estrus termination in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Estrus; Female; Glutamic Acid; Male; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Sexual Behavior, Animal; Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus | 2012 |
Presynaptic inhibition of glutamate transmission by α2 receptors in the VTA.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Antagonists; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Brimonidine Tartrate; Clonidine; Dopaminergic Neurons; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acids; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Neural Inhibition; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2012 |
NMDARs mediate the role of monoamine oxidase A in pathological aggression.
Topics: Aggression; Animals; Antisocial Personality Disorder; Autoradiography; Binding Sites; Blotting, Western; Corpus Striatum; Dizocilpine Maleate; Electrophysiological Phenomena; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Monoamine Oxidase; Motor Activity; Norepinephrine; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Phenols; Piperidines; Prosencephalon; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Serotonin | 2012 |
[MK-801 or DNQX reduces electroconvulsive shock-induced impairment of learning-memory and hyperphosphorylation of Tau in rats].
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Electroshock; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Learning; Memory; Memory Disorders; Phosphorylation; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred WKY; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; tau Proteins | 2012 |
Both NMDA and non-NMDA receptors mediate glutamate stimulation induced cofilin rod formation in cultured hippocampal neurons.
Topics: Actins; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cofilin 1; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Time-Lapse Imaging | 2012 |
Prefrontal cortex modulates desire and dread generated by nucleus accumbens glutamate disruption.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Bicuculline; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fear; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microinjections; Motivation; Nucleus Accumbens; Prefrontal Cortex; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA | 2013 |
Selective activation of group III metabotropic glutamate receptor subtypes produces different patterns of γ-aminobutyric acid immunoreactivity and glutamate release in the retina.
Topics: Amacrine Cells; Anilides; Animals; Benzhydryl Compounds; Calcium; Chickens; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Dizocilpine Maleate; GABA Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; GABAergic Neurons; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Nipecotic Acids; Oximes; Phosphoserine; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate | 2012 |
Brimonidine blocks glutamate excitotoxicity-induced oxidative stress and preserves mitochondrial transcription factor a in ischemic retinal injury.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Animals; bcl-2-Associated X Protein; bcl-Associated Death Protein; Brimonidine Tartrate; DNA-Binding Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Ischemia; Mitochondrial Proteins; Oxidative Phosphorylation; Oxidative Stress; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Retina; Retinal Diseases; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Superoxide Dismutase; Transcription Factors | 2012 |
TrkB phosphorylation by Cdk5 is required for activity-dependent structural plasticity and spatial memory.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Brain; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Cells, Cultured; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5; Dendritic Spines; Disks Large Homolog 4 Protein; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors; Guanylate Kinases; Humans; Immunoprecipitation; In Vitro Techniques; Long-Term Potentiation; Maze Learning; Membrane Proteins; Memory; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Mutation; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Phosphorylation; Quinoxalines; rac1 GTP-Binding Protein; Rats; Receptor, trkB; Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases; Serine; Silver Staining; Spatial Behavior; Synaptophysin; T-Lymphoma Invasion and Metastasis-inducing Protein 1; Time Factors; Transfection | 2012 |
α2-adrenergic receptors in spiral ganglion neurons may mediate protective effects of brimonidine and yohimbine against glutamate and hydrogen peroxide toxicity.
Topics: Animals; Brimonidine Tartrate; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen Peroxide; Neuroprotective Agents; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2; Spiral Ganglion; Yohimbine | 2013 |
Ventral tegmental area glutamate neurons: electrophysiological properties and projections.
Topics: Animals; Biophysics; Channelrhodopsins; Dopamine Agonists; Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Luminescent Proteins; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Quinoxalines; Quinpirole; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase; Ventral Tegmental Area; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2 | 2012 |
Serotonin activates catecholamine neurons in the solitary tract nucleus by increasing spontaneous glutamate inputs.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Catecholamines; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Female; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Piperazines; Pyrazines; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Presynaptic; Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT3; Serotonin; Serotonin Receptor Agonists; Solitary Nucleus; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 2012 |
Relationship between increase in astrocytic GLT-1 glutamate transport and late-LTP.
Topics: Alanine Transaminase; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Aspartic Acid; Astrocytes; Biophysics; Biotinylation; Cells, Cultured; Colforsin; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Flow Cytometry; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Indoles; Kainic Acid; Long-Term Potentiation; Male; Neurons; Protein Transport; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin; Valine | 2012 |
Involvement of NMDA receptors in nicotine-mediated central control of hypotensive effects.
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Bradycardia; Dizocilpine Maleate; Drug Interactions; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Heart Rate; Hypotension; Male; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred WKY; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Signal Transduction; Solitary Nucleus; Valine | 2012 |
Cocaine facilitates glutamatergic transmission and activates lateral habenular neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Animals; Calcium Channels; Cocaine; Dopamine Agents; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABAergic Neurons; Glutamic Acid; Habenula; Male; Miniature Postsynaptic Potentials; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Quinpirole; Raclopride; Rats; Receptors, Dopamine; Receptors, Glutamate; Sodium Channels; Synaptic Transmission | 2013 |
Reconstitution of homomeric GluA2(flop) receptors in supported lipid membranes: functional and structural properties.
Topics: Animals; Benzothiadiazines; Glutamic Acid; Ion Channel Gating; Lipid Bilayers; Lipids; Liposomes; Membrane Potentials; Microscopy, Atomic Force; Protein Conformation; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA | 2013 |
Spike-driven glutamate electrodiffusion triggers synaptic potentiation via a homer-dependent mGluR-NMDAR link.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Aspartic Acid; Biophysics; Carrier Proteins; Cerebellum; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Agents; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Homer Scaffolding Proteins; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Luminescent Proteins; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Models, Neurological; Monte Carlo Method; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Red Fluorescent Protein; RNA, Small Interfering; Statistics, Nonparametric; Synapses; Synapsins; Transfection | 2013 |
Presynaptic kainate receptor-mediated facilitation of glutamate release involves Ca2+-calmodulin and PKA in cerebrocortical synaptosomes.
Topics: 8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate; Animals; Benzodiazepines; Calcium; Calmodulin; Cerebral Cortex; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Isoquinolines; Kainic Acid; Male; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, Presynaptic; Sulfonamides; Synaptic Transmission; Synaptosomes; Thionucleotides | 2013 |
GluN2A and GluN2B NMDA receptor subunits differentially modulate striatal output pathways and contribute to levodopa-induced abnormal involuntary movements in dyskinetic rats.
Topics: Animals; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Dopamine Agents; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Globus Pallidus; Glutamic Acid; Levodopa; Male; Microdialysis; Neostriatum; Oxidopamine; Phenols; Piperidines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Substantia Nigra | 2013 |
Hypothalamic neurotensin projections promote reward by enhancing glutamate transmission in the VTA.
Topics: Animals; Bacterial Proteins; Channelrhodopsins; Conditioning, Operant; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Hypothalamus; In Vitro Techniques; Light; Luminescent Proteins; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Mutation; Neural Pathways; Neurotensin; Pyrazoles; Quinolines; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Neurotensin; Reward; Self Stimulation; Signal Transduction; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase; Valine; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2013 |
EPAC inhibition of SUR1 receptor increases glutamate release and seizure vulnerability.
Topics: Animals; Bicuculline; Biophysics; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors; Hippocampus; Humans; Immunoprecipitation; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; KATP Channels; Male; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Probability; Protein Binding; Quinoxalines; Synaptosomes; Transduction, Genetic | 2013 |
A conformational intermediate in glutamate receptor activation.
Topics: Benzothiadiazines; Biophysical Phenomena; Cell Line, Transformed; Crystallography, X-Ray; Cysteine; Dithionitrobenzoic Acid; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Models, Molecular; Molecular Conformation; Mutation; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Phenanthrolines; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Uncoupling Agents | 2013 |
Effects of stimulation of glutamate receptors in medial septum on some immune responses in rats.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Corticosterone; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Leukocytes; Male; Phagocytosis; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Septum of Brain | 2013 |
Effect of VGLUT inhibitors on glutamatergic synaptic transmission in the rodent hippocampus and prefrontal cortex.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; Dentate Gyrus; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Prefrontal Cortex; Quinoxalines; Synaptic Transmission | 2014 |
Copper chelation and exogenous copper affect circadian clock phase resetting in the suprachiasmatic nucleus in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Carbazoles; Chelating Agents; Circadian Clocks; Copper; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Indole Alkaloids; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Molybdenum; Phenanthrolines; Quinoxalines; Suprachiasmatic Nucleus; Valine | 2014 |
Novel hypoglycemic injury mechanism: N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated white matter damage.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Calcium; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Glycogen; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hypoglycemia; Kynurenic Acid; Lactic Acid; Leukoencephalopathies; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Optic Nerve Injuries; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 2014 |
Probing NMDA receptor GluN2A and GluN2B subunit expression and distribution in cortical neurons.
Topics: Animals; Conotoxins; Dendrites; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Optical Imaging; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Prefrontal Cortex; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 2014 |
Computation of standard binding free energies of polar and charged ligands to the glutamate receptor GluA2.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Algorithms; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Arachidonic Acids; Binding Sites; Entropy; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Molecular Dynamics Simulation; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Ionotropic Glutamate; Rotation; Static Electricity; Thermodynamics | 2014 |
Glutamate and dopamine transmission from midbrain dopamine neurons share similar release properties but are differentially affected by cocaine.
Topics: Animals; Channelrhodopsins; Dependovirus; Dopamine Agents; Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Dopaminergic Neurons; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mesencephalon; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Mutation; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Synaptic Transmission | 2014 |
Hyperbaric pressure and increased susceptibility to glutamate toxicity in retinal ganglion cells in vitro.
Topics: Animals; bcl-2-Associated X Protein; Cell Death; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Dizocilpine Maleate; Glutamic Acid; Pressure; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Stress, Physiological | 2014 |
The role of GluN2A and GluN2B subunits on the effects of NMDA receptor antagonists in modeling schizophrenia and treating refractory depression.
Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Phenols; Piperidines; Prefrontal Cortex; Quinoxalines; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Schizophrenia; Serotonin; Stereotyped Behavior | 2014 |
Structure of an agonist-bound ionotropic glutamate receptor.
Topics: Animals; Cross-Linking Reagents; Crystallography, X-Ray; Cysteine; Glutamic Acid; HEK293 Cells; Humans; Ion Channel Gating; Models, Chemical; Organophosphonates; Protein Structure, Secondary; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Pyrimidinones; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA | 2014 |
Glutamatergic signaling at the vestibular hair cell calyx synapse.
Topics: Animals; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hair Cells, Vestibular; Male; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 2014 |
Comparison of the effects on brain stimulation reward of D1 blockade or D2 stimulation combined with AMPA blockade in the extended amygdala and nucleus accumbens.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Benzazepines; Choice Behavior; Conditioning, Operant; Drug Therapy, Combination; Glutamic Acid; Male; Medial Forebrain Bundle; Nucleus Accumbens; Quinoxalines; Quinpirole; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Reward; Self Stimulation | 2015 |
Elucidating the role of AII amacrine cells in glutamatergic retinal waves.
Topics: Action Potentials; Age Factors; Amacrine Cells; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Calcium; Cdh1 Proteins; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; In Vitro Techniques; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Muscle Proteins; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Quinoxalines; Retina; Retinal Bipolar Cells; SKP Cullin F-Box Protein Ligases; Visual Pathways | 2015 |
PI3Kγ deficiency enhances seizures severity and associated outcomes in a mouse model of convulsions induced by intrahippocampal injection of pilocarpine.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Calcium-Binding Proteins; Class Ib Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Doublecortin Domain Proteins; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Microfilament Proteins; Microtubule-Associated Proteins; Muscarinic Agonists; Neuropeptides; Pilocarpine; Prefrontal Cortex; Quinoxalines; Reaction Time; Seizures; Synaptosomes; Thiazolidinediones; Time Factors | 2015 |
Selecting danger signals: dissociable roles of nucleus accumbens shell and core glutamate in predictive fear learning.
Topics: Animals; Conditioning, Classical; Conditioning, Operant; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fear; Glutamic Acid; Male; Nucleus Accumbens; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2015 |
Transient mitochondrial permeability transition mediates excitotoxicity in glutamate-sensitive NSC34D motor neuron-like cells.
Topics: Animals; Calcium Signaling; Cell Line, Transformed; Cyclosporine; Dizocilpine Maleate; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hybrid Cells; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial; Mice; Mitochondria; Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins; Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore; Motor Neurons; Oxidative Stress; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Ruthenium Compounds; Time Factors; Transfection | 2015 |
Activation of a Temporal Memory in Purkinje Cells by the mGluR7 Receptor.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Ferrets; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Purkinje Cells; Pyridones; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Xanthenes | 2015 |
Interneurons spark seizure-like activity in the entorhinal cortex.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Action Potentials; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Entorhinal Cortex; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Interneurons; Male; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Seizures; Tissue Culture Techniques | 2016 |
Peripheral NMDA Receptors Mediate Antidromic Nerve Stimulation-Induced Tactile Hypersensitivity in the Rat.
Topics: Animals; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; Dizocilpine Maleate; Electric Stimulation; Glutamic Acid; Hyperalgesia; Isoquinolines; Male; Protein Kinase C; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sulfonamides; Tibial Nerve | 2015 |
Movement and structure of mitochondria in oligodendrocytes and their myelin sheaths.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors; Cytoplasm; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Mitochondria; Myelin Basic Protein; Myelin Sheath; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Oligodendrocyte Transcription Factor 2; Oligodendroglia; Organ Culture Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin | 2016 |
Stimulation of the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus increases brown adipose tissue nerve activity via hypothalamic paraventricular and dorsomedial nuclei.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Adipose Tissue, Brown; alpha-MSH; Animals; Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus; Dorsomedial Hypothalamic Nucleus; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fluorescent Dyes; GABA-A Receptor Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Microinjections; Muscimol; N-Methylaspartate; Neural Inhibition; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Pro-Opiomelanocortin; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 3; Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 4; Stilbamidines; Sympathetic Nervous System; Temperature; Thermogenesis; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Proteins | 2016 |
Blockade of glutamatergic transmission in the primate basolateral amygdala suppresses active behavior without altering social interaction.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Basolateral Nuclear Complex; Behavior, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Interpersonal Relations; Macaca nemestrina; Male; Motor Activity; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Social Behavior; Synaptic Transmission | 2017 |
Glial GLT-1 blockade in infralimbic cortex as a new strategy to evoke rapid antidepressant-like effects in rats.
Topics: Affect; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Citalopram; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Limbic Lobe; Male; Neuroglia; Prefrontal Cortex; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Quinoxalines; Raphe Nuclei; Rats; Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; Serotonin; Veratridine | 2017 |
Structural basis of subunit selectivity for competitive NMDA receptor antagonists with preference for GluN2A over GluN2B subunits.
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Crystallography, X-Ray; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Models, Molecular; Oocytes; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Protein Domains; Protein Multimerization; Protein Subunits; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Xenopus | 2017 |
Epigenetic control of epilepsy target genes contributes to a cellular memory of epileptogenesis in cultured rat hippocampal neurons.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cells, Cultured; DNA Methylation; Epigenesis, Genetic; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Agents; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Microtubule-Associated Proteins; Models, Biological; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin; Valine | 2017 |
Syringaresinol suppresses excitatory synaptic transmission and picrotoxin-induced epileptic activity in the hippocampus through presynaptic mechanisms.
Topics: Animals; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Furans; Glutamic Acid; HEK293 Cells; Hippocampus; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Lignans; Male; Mice; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Picrotoxin; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Signal Transduction; Synaptic Transmission | 2018 |
The C-terminal tails of endogenous GluA1 and GluA2 differentially contribute to hippocampal synaptic plasticity and learning.
Topics: Animals; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; Learning; Long-Term Potentiation; Long-Term Synaptic Depression; Maze Learning; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Neuronal Plasticity; Peptide Fragments; Protein Domains; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Sodium Channel Blockers; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Valine | 2018 |
Acute high-fat diet upregulates glutamatergic signaling in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Brain Stem; Diet, High-Fat; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Gastric Emptying; Glutamic Acid; Neuronal Plasticity; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Signal Transduction; Stomach; Synaptic Transmission; Vagus Nerve | 2018 |
Chronic morphine selectively sensitizes the effect of D1 receptor agonist on presynaptic glutamate release in basolateral amygdala neurons that project to prelimbic cortex.
Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Basolateral Nuclear Complex; Cerebral Cortex; Dopamine Agonists; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Morphine; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Presynaptic Terminals; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Synaptic Potentials; Time Factors | 2018 |
Quinoxalinedione deprotonation is important for glutamate receptor binding.
Topics: Fluorescence; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Protein Binding; Protons; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA | 2019 |
Endogenous glutamatergic inputs to the Parabrachial Nucleus/Kölliker-Fuse Complex determine respiratory rate.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Kolliker-Fuse Nucleus; Male; Microinjections; Parabrachial Nucleus; Quinoxalines; Rabbits; Respiratory Center; Respiratory Rate | 2020 |