quinoxalines has been researched along with 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione in 645 studies
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 42 (6.51) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 573 (88.84) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 25 (3.88) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 5 (0.78) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 0 (0.00) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Cox, JA; Seeburg, PH; Stein, E; Verdoorn, TA | 1 |
| Annala, AJ; Baudry, M; Thompson, RF; Tocco, G | 1 |
| Fedorov, NB; Reymann, KG; Screbitsky, VG | 1 |
| Copenhagen, DR; Dixon, DB | 2 |
| Becker, DP; Hovda, DA; Katayama, Y; Kawamata, T; Yoshino, A | 1 |
| North, RA; Shen, KZ; Sugita, S | 1 |
| Manabe, T; Nicoll, RA; Renner, P | 1 |
| Dixon, JF; Hokin, LE; Sastry, PS | 1 |
| Jahr, CE; Lester, RA | 1 |
| Cairns, A; Schneiderman, JH; Sterling, CA | 1 |
| Kawaguchi, Y | 2 |
| Avoli, M; Psarropoulou, C | 2 |
| Duman, RS; Hayward, MD; Nestler, EJ; Tallman, JF; Vaccarino, FM | 1 |
| Lasoń, W; Przewłocka, B; Przewłocki, R | 1 |
| Dudek, FE; Peacock, WJ; Wuarin, JP | 1 |
| Levi, G; Patrizio, M | 1 |
| Arellano, RO; Conde-Guerri, B; Matute, C; Miledi, R | 1 |
| DiMicco, JA; Soltis, RP | 3 |
| Asprodini, EK; Rainnie, DG; Shinnick-Gallagher, P | 3 |
| Berger, TW; Grace, AA; Nisenbaum, ES | 2 |
| Helm, SW; Henzi, V; MacDermott, AB; Reichling, DB | 1 |
| Avoli, M; Hwa, GG | 3 |
| Dutton, GR; Simmons, ML | 1 |
| Malgaroli, A; Tsien, RW | 1 |
| Chirwa, SS; May, PB; Morishita, W; Sastry, BR; Xie, Z | 1 |
| Fink-Jensen, A; Hansen, JB; Honoré, T; Jacobsen, P; Judge, ME; Olney, J; Turski, L | 1 |
| Choi, DW; Dugan, LL; Giffard, RG; Goldberg, MP; Hartley, DM; Monyer, H | 1 |
| Barrionuevo, G; Berger, TW; Xie, X | 1 |
| Bear, MF; Connors, BW; Press, WA | 1 |
| Jaffe, DB; Johnston, D; Lasser-Ross, N; Lisman, JE; Miyakawa, H; Ross, WN | 1 |
| Johnson, SW; North, RA; Sugita, S | 1 |
| Fujimori, K; Inoue, K; Nakazawa, K; Takanaka, A; Watano, T | 1 |
| Kelly, JB; Wu, SH | 1 |
| Gean, PW | 3 |
| Di Loreto, S; Florio, T; Scarnati, E | 1 |
| Chang, FC; Gean, PW | 2 |
| Baudry, M; Bernard, J; Massicotte, G | 1 |
| Kamermans, M; Werblin, F | 1 |
| Mooney, R | 1 |
| Czepita, D; Daw, N; Fox, K; Sato, H | 2 |
| Banks, MI; Smith, PH | 1 |
| Raman, IM; Trussell, LO | 1 |
| Ebert, U; Koch, M | 1 |
| Dichter, MA; Molinoff, PB; Williams, K | 1 |
| Hansson, E; Nilsson, M; Rönnbäck, L | 1 |
| Nicklas, WJ; Zeevalk, GD | 2 |
| Weiland, NG | 1 |
| Dougherty, PM; Palecek, J; Paleckova, V; Sorkin, LS; Willis, WD | 1 |
| Moss, RL; Wong, M | 1 |
| Lu, CL; Shaikh, MB; Siegel, A | 1 |
| Konnerth, A; López-Barneo, J; Schneggenburger, R | 1 |
| Bellavance, LL; Chapman, PF | 1 |
| Birder, LA; de Groat, WC | 1 |
| Flavin, MP; Riopelle, RJ; Yang, Y | 1 |
| Pinnock, RD | 1 |
| Rekling, JC | 1 |
| Feldman, JL; Greer, JJ; Smith, JC | 1 |
| Dingledine, R; McBain, C | 1 |
| Kwon, YH; Nelson, SB; Sur, M; Toth, LJ | 1 |
| Chen, JC; Chesler, M | 1 |
| Finch, DM; Mello, LE; Tan, AM | 1 |
| Do, KQ; Thomson, AM; West, DC | 1 |
| Wheal, HV; Williamson, R | 1 |
| Ault, B; Martin, D; Nadler, JV | 1 |
| Pittaluga, A; Raiteri, M | 2 |
| Akasu, T; Hasuo, H; Ishimatsu, M; Shoji, S | 1 |
| Mody, I; Otis, TS | 1 |
| Bernardi, G; Calabresi, P; Mercuri, NB | 2 |
| Barrionuevo, G; Crepel, F; Hirsch, JC | 1 |
| Capogna, M; Gähwiler, BH; Scanziani, M; Thompson, SM | 1 |
| Gallagher, JP; Zheng, F | 1 |
| Bleakman, D; Colmers, WF; Harrison, NL; Miller, RJ | 1 |
| Cumberbatch, M; King, AE; Lopez-Garcia, JA | 1 |
| Dubner, R; Hylden, JL; Ren, K; Ruda, MA; Williams, GM | 1 |
| Argiolas, A; Melis, MR; Stancampiano, R | 1 |
| Kurusu, R; Sakurai, H; Sano, K; Tsuchiya, T; Tsuda, M | 1 |
| Jones, HE; Sillito, AM | 1 |
| Scharfman, HE | 3 |
| Lasser-Ross, N; Lev-Ram, V; Miyakawa, H; Ross, WN | 1 |
| Ames, A; Li, YY | 1 |
| Alger, BE; Pitler, TA | 1 |
| Lanius, RA; Shaw, C | 2 |
| Audinat, E; Gähwiler, BH; Knöpfel, T | 2 |
| Nishi, S; Yoshimura, M | 2 |
| Pai, KS; Ravindranath, V | 1 |
| Betz, H; Laube, B; Schloss, P; Schmitt, B; Schuster, CM; Ultsch, A | 1 |
| Besser, GM; Costa, A; Forsling, ML; Grossman, A; Hucks, D; Yasin, SA | 1 |
| Brown, T; Dingledine, R; Eaton, JV; McBain, CJ | 1 |
| Gean, PW; Huang, CC; Lin, JH; Tsai, JJ | 1 |
| Kullmann, DM; Manabe, T; Nicoll, RA; Perkel, DJ | 1 |
| Baraban, JM; Blatter, LA; Murphy, TH; Wier, WG | 1 |
| Johnston, MV; McDonald, JW | 1 |
| Gerber, G; Sivilotti, LG; Thompson, SW; Woolf, CJ | 1 |
| Dal Toso, R; Facci, L; Leon, A; Moroni, F; Schiavo, N; Skaper, SD; Vantini, G | 1 |
| Kuno, M; Matsuura, S; Nakamura, F | 1 |
| Bijak, M; Brunner, H; Dembowsky, K; Misgeld, U | 1 |
| Alting-Mees, MA; Short, JM; Sorge, JA | 1 |
| Champagnat, J; Denavit-Saubié, M; Fortin, G; Velluti, JC | 1 |
| de Barry, J; Kudo, Y; Takagi, H; Takimizu, H; Yoshioka, T | 1 |
| Hayashi, M; Hirose, E; Ito, I; Kohda, A; Mitsunaga, S; Sugiyama, H; Tanabe, S | 1 |
| Hayes, RL; Lu, J; Mao, J; Mayer, DJ; Price, DD | 1 |
| Evans, PD; Merzon, RM; Reale, V; Villegas, J | 1 |
| Inokuchi, H; Nishi, S; Polosa, C; Trzebski, A; Yoshimura, M | 1 |
| Langdon, RB; Sur, M | 2 |
| Antonelli, T; Beani, L; Bianchi, C; Calo, G; Tomasini, C; Vedovato, M | 1 |
| Brooks, PA; Glaum, SR; Miller, RJ; Spyer, KM | 1 |
| McAdoo, DJ; Palecek, J; Paleckova, V; Willis, WD | 1 |
| Andrási, F; Gaál, L; Molnár, P; Tarnawa, I | 1 |
| Arai, A; Lynch, G; Muller, D | 1 |
| Berger, TW; Blanpied, TA | 1 |
| do-Nascimento, JL; Paes-de-Carvalho, R; Ventura, AL | 1 |
| Inokuchi, H; Nishi, S; Polosa, C; Yamada, S; Yoshimura, M | 1 |
| Johnston, GA; Maddison, JE; Watson, WE | 1 |
| Hestrin, S | 1 |
| Baudry, M; Shahi, K | 1 |
| Fink, K; Göthert, M; Schultheiss, R | 1 |
| Johnston, MV; McDonald, JW; Trescher, WH | 1 |
| Dutton, GR; Rogers, KL | 1 |
| Parks, TN; Zhou, N | 2 |
| Mody, I; Staley, KJ | 1 |
| Malmberg, AB; Yaksh, TL | 1 |
| Colquhoun, D; Edwards, FA; Gibb, AJ | 1 |
| Baudry, M; Massicotte, G; Standley, S; Thompson, RF; Tocco, G | 1 |
| Bertrand, G; Bockaert, J; Gross, R; Loubatières-Mariani, MM; Puech, R | 2 |
| Gallo, V; Levi, G; Patrizio, M | 2 |
| Hablitz, JJ; Lee, WL | 3 |
| Crane, AM; Driscoll, BF; Law, MJ | 1 |
| Jiang, ZG; North, RA; Sugita, S; Uchimura, N | 1 |
| Aizenman, E; Lipton, SA; Sucher, NJ | 1 |
| Blake, JF; Brown, MW; Collingridge, GL; Frenguelli, BG | 1 |
| Kim, HG; Miller, RF | 1 |
| Hayakawa, T; Kinoshita, A; Kohmura, E; Yamada, K | 1 |
| Jarolimek, W; Misgeld, U | 1 |
| Armstrong, CM; Konnerth, A; Llano, I; Marty, A | 1 |
| Monyer, H; Seeburg, PH; Wisden, W | 1 |
| East, SJ; Garthwaite, J; Southam, E | 1 |
| Danysz, W; Raulli, R; Wroblewski, JT | 1 |
| Armstrong, DM; Costa, E; Mereu, G; Vicini, S | 1 |
| Bovolin, P; Costa, E; Grayson, DR; Memo, M | 1 |
| Chiu, SY; Jensen, AM | 1 |
| Rosenberg, PA | 1 |
| Chavkin, C; Evans, CJ; Wagner, JJ | 1 |
| Houk, JC; Keifer, J | 1 |
| Higashi, H; Nishi, S; Tanaka, E | 1 |
| Dudek, FE; Wuarin, JP | 2 |
| Aizenman, E; Loring, R; Rosenberg, PA; Xie, Y; Zaleskas, V | 1 |
| Davidoff, RA; Hackman, JC | 1 |
| Cherubini, E; Ito, S; Provini, L | 1 |
| Hatziefthimiou, A; Kouvelas, ED; Mitsacos, A; Mitsaki, E; Plaitakis, A | 1 |
| Clifford, DB; Thio, LL; Zorumski, CF | 1 |
| North, RA; Uchimura, N | 1 |
| Choi, DW; Koh, JY | 1 |
| Andrade, R | 1 |
| Aram, JA; Michelson, HB; Wong, RK | 1 |
| Higashi, H; Inokuchi, H; Nishi, S; Nose, I | 1 |
| Gannon, RL; Terrian, DM | 1 |
| Evans, RH; Long, SK; Siarey, RJ | 1 |
| Turner, DA; Wheal, HV | 1 |
| Kitai, ST; Pennartz, CM | 1 |
| Lai, YY; Siegel, JM | 1 |
| Kubota, M; Saito, N | 1 |
| Bockaert, J; Do, E; Manzoni, OJ; Poulat, F; Sahuquet, A; Sassetti, I; Sladeczek, FA | 1 |
| Andreasen, M; Lambert, JD | 1 |
| Ito, I; Sugiyama, H | 1 |
| Sastry, BR; Xie, Z | 1 |
| Garcia-Munoz, M; Groves, PM; Young, SJ | 1 |
| Conner-Kerr, TA; Gannon, RL; Privette, TH; Terrian, DM | 1 |
| Artola, A; Kato, N; Singer, W | 1 |
| Chavkin, C; Connor, MA | 1 |
| Clements, JD; Westbrook, GL | 1 |
| Choi, DW; Goldberg, MP; Kaku, DA | 1 |
| Cotman, CW; Whittemore, ER | 1 |
| Ballanyi, K; Ellenberger, HH; Feldman, JL; Richter, DW; Smith, JC | 1 |
| Simpson, LH; Wheal, HV; Williamson, R | 1 |
| Cha, JJ; Makowiec, RL; Penney, JB; Young, AB | 1 |
| Eaton, SA; Roberts, WA; Salt, TE | 1 |
| Schmidt, M | 1 |
| Ajima, A; Hensch, T; Ito, M; Kado, RT | 1 |
| Abe, M; Iino, M; Ozawa, S | 1 |
| Jacques-Berg, W; Patel, AJ; Rodriguez, J | 1 |
| Morishita, W; Sastry, BR | 1 |
| Bockaert, J; Manzoni, OJ; Prezeau, L | 1 |
| Andrew, M; Farley, JM; Ho, IK; Oden, G; Rockhold, RW | 1 |
| Boeijinga, PH; Kitai, ST; Lopes da Silva, FH; Pennartz, CM | 1 |
| Bagust, J; Gardner, CR; Hussain, S; Walker, RJ | 1 |
| Arai, A; Kessler, M; Lynch, G; Vanderklish, P | 1 |
| Murphy, AD; Quinlan, EM | 1 |
| Abrahams, TP; Gillis, RA; Hornby, PJ; Taveira DaSilva, AM; Walton, DP | 1 |
| Gribkoff, VK | 1 |
| Connor, JA; Dickinson, MH; Morgan, JI; Schilling, K | 1 |
| Lacaille, JC | 1 |
| Esguerra, M; Kwon, YH; Sur, M | 1 |
| Jeng, YJ; Johnson, KM | 1 |
| Kelso, SR; Pacelli, GJ | 1 |
| Li, J; Smith, SS | 1 |
| Morita, Y; Nishimura, S; Sorimachi, M | 1 |
| Kaneko, S; Katsuki, H; Satoh, M; Tajima, A | 1 |
| Avoli, M; Drapeau, C; Louvel, J; Olivier, A; Pumain, R; Villemure, JG | 1 |
| Olney, JW; Pathikonda, M; Snider, WD; Stewart, GR | 1 |
| Coderre, TJ; Melzack, R | 1 |
| Coenen, AM; Peeters, BW; Ramakers, GM; Vossen, JM | 1 |
| Jean, A; Kessler, JP | 1 |
| Cerne, R; Gerber, G; Randić, M | 1 |
| Ishida, M; Shinozaki, H | 1 |
| Bruce, EN; Jung, R; Katona, PG | 1 |
| Christenson, J; Grillner, S | 1 |
| Coulter, DA; DeLorenzo, RJ; Sombati, S | 1 |
| Guy, N; Ropert, N | 1 |
| Cuénod, M; Do, KQ; Fontana, A; Frei, K; Piani, D | 1 |
| Kawatani, M; Matsumoto, G; Takeshige, C | 1 |
| Miles, R | 2 |
| Gähwiler, BH; Scanziani, M; Thompson, SM | 1 |
| Nicoll, RA; Sah, P | 1 |
| Hankins, MW; Ikeda, H | 1 |
| Kessler, M; Lynch, G; Staubli, U; Xiao, P | 1 |
| Abele, AE; Miller, RJ; Scholz, KP; Scholz, WK | 1 |
| Jacocks, HM; McMahon, PN; Werling, LL | 1 |
| McMillian, M; Miller, LG; Schatzki, A | 1 |
| Okada, D; Shibuki, K | 1 |
| Kawai, N; Robinson, HP; Sahara, Y | 1 |
| Audinat, E; Crepel, F; Geoffroy, M; Hamon, B; Kado, RT; Lambolez, B; Rossier, J | 1 |
| Eshhar, N; Ortega, A; Teichberg, VI | 1 |
| Iino, M; Ozawa, S; Tsuzuki, K | 1 |
| Franke, C; Hatt, H; Rosenheimer, JL; Smith, DO; Zufall, F | 1 |
| Momiyama, A; Takahashi, T | 1 |
| Kendig, JJ; Woodley, SJ | 1 |
| Berge, OG; Hole, K; Lund, A; Mjellem-Joly, N | 1 |
| Arancio, O; MacDermott, AB; Murase, K; Yoshimura, M | 1 |
| Cha, JH; Drejer, J; Honoré, T; Nielsen, EO; Young, AB | 1 |
| Michaels, RL; Rothman, SM | 1 |
| Alford, S; Grillner, S | 1 |
| Armstrong, CM; Konnerth, A; Llano, I | 1 |
| Gallo, V; Giovannini, C; Levi, G | 1 |
| Eaton, SA; Salt, TE | 2 |
| Larson-Prior, LJ; McCrimmon, DR; Slater, NT | 1 |
| Murphy, PC; Salt, TE; Sillito, AM | 1 |
| Glaum, SR; Holzwarth, JA; Miller, RJ | 1 |
| Freed, WJ; Jurson, PA | 1 |
| Labruyere, J; Olney, JW; Price, MT; Stewart, GR; Wang, GJ; Zorumski, CF | 1 |
| Hestrin, S; Nicoll, RA; Perkel, DJ; Sah, P | 2 |
| Jones, RS; Lambert, JD | 3 |
| Bressler, K; Klockgether, T; Stephens, DN; Turski, L | 1 |
| Okamoto, K; Sakai, Y; Sekiguchi, M | 1 |
| D'Angelo, E; Garthwaite, J; Rossi, P | 1 |
| Cannon-Spoor, HE; Freed, WJ | 1 |
| Baudrimont, M; de Waele, C; Vibert, N; Vidal, PP | 1 |
| Collingridge, GL; Randall, AD; Schofield, JG | 1 |
| Crunelli, V; Emri, Z; Juhász, G; Kékesi, K; Soltesz, I | 1 |
| Evans, RH; Long, SK; Siarey, RJ; Smith, DA | 1 |
| Boulis, NM; Davis, M; Kehne, JH; Miserendino, MJ | 1 |
| Ishida, M; Ishihara, T; Nakagawa, Y; Saitoh, K; Shinozaki, H | 1 |
| Feldman, JL; Liu, G; Smith, JC | 1 |
| Trombley, PQ; Westbrook, GL | 1 |
| Osborne, PB; Pan, ZZ; Williams, JT | 1 |
| Andresen, MC; Yang, MY | 1 |
| Adamson, P; Brammer, MJ; Campbell, IC; Hajimohammadreza, I; Meldrum, BS | 1 |
| Chamberlin, NL; Dingledine, R; Traub, RD | 1 |
| Costa, E; Grayson, DR; Szekely, AM | 1 |
| Dudek, FE; van den Pol, AN; Wuarin, JP | 1 |
| Facci, L; Leon, A; Skaper, SD | 1 |
| Dawson, TL; Dingledine, R; Nicholas, RA | 1 |
| Hablitz, JJ; Sutor, B | 1 |
| Aizenman, E; Loring, RH; Rosenberg, PA; White, WF | 1 |
| Barnard, EA; Henley, JM | 1 |
| Heinemann, U; Mudrick, LA | 1 |
| Furshpan, EJ; Koroshetz, WJ | 1 |
| Courtney, MJ; Lambert, JJ; Nicholls, DG | 1 |
| Heiligenberg, W; Kawasaki, M | 1 |
| Di Prisco, GV; Grillner, S; Wallén, P | 1 |
| Bockaert, J; Charpentier, N; Dumuis, A; Pin, JP; Sebben, M | 1 |
| Boeijinga, PH; Lopes da Silva, FH; Pennartz, CM | 1 |
| Daw, N; Fox, K; Sato, H | 1 |
| Doi, K; Matsunaga, T; Tsumoto, T | 1 |
| Jensen, MS; Lambert, JD; Nathan, T | 1 |
| Heinemann, U; Jones, RS | 1 |
| Chang, FC; Chou, SM; Gean, PW | 1 |
| Collingridge, GL; Davies, SN | 2 |
| Doi, K; Matsunaga, T; Mori, N; Tsumoto, T | 1 |
| Kimura, F; Nishigori, A; Tsumoto, T | 1 |
| Jessell, T; Yoshimura, M | 1 |
| Hestrin, S; Nicoll, RA; Sah, P | 1 |
| Cler, JA; Emmett, MR; Iyengar, S; Mick, SJ; Rao, TS; Wood, PL | 1 |
| Gobert, A; Guibert, B; Leviel, V | 1 |
| Kerwin, R; Meldrum, B; Patel, S | 1 |
| Thomson, AM | 1 |
| Hunt, A; Patel, AJ; Sanfeliu, C | 1 |
| Davidson, N; Fong, TM; Lester, HA | 1 |
| Dingledine, R; Kleckner, NW; Verdoorn, TA | 1 |
| Collingridge, GL; Davies, SN; Lester, RA; Reymann, KG | 1 |
| Blake, JF; Brown, MW; Collingridge, GL; Yates, RG | 1 |
| Harris, EW | 1 |
| Drejer, J; Frandsen, A; Schousboe, A | 1 |
| Jahr, CE; Lester, RA; Parker, JD; Quarum, ML; Weber, E | 1 |
| Miller, RJ; Murphy, SN | 1 |
| Brodbelt, AR; Garthwaite, J | 1 |
| Harris, KM; Miller, RJ | 1 |
| Baudry, M; Kessler, M; Lynch, G | 1 |
| Costa, E; Favaron, M; Guidotti, A; Manev, H | 1 |
| Garthwaite, G; Garthwaite, J | 1 |
| Ikeda, H; Kay, CD | 1 |
| Choi, DW; Hartley, DM | 1 |
| Evans, RH; Long, SK | 1 |
| Bobbin, RP; Fallon, M; Littman, T; Puel, JL | 1 |
| Dubinsky, JM; Rothman, SM; Yamada, KA | 1 |
| Gundersen, CB; Umbach, JA | 1 |
| Drejeŕ, J; Honore, T; Nielsen, EO; Nielsen, M | 1 |
| Gerber, G; Randić, M | 2 |
| Andreasen, M; Jensen, MS; Lambert, JD | 2 |
| Aizenman, E; Karschin, A; Lipton, SA | 1 |
| Beaumont, PS; Garthwaite, J | 1 |
| Baraban, JM; Stratton, KR; Worley, PF | 1 |
| Morris, R | 1 |
| Wu, SM; Yang, XL | 1 |
| Ambrosini, A; Barnard, EA; Henley, JM; Krogsgaard-Larsen, P | 1 |
| Sheardown, MJ | 2 |
| Davies, SN; Drejer, J; Fletcher, EJ; Honoré, T; Jacobsen, P; Lodge, D; Nielsen, FE | 1 |
| Ben-Ari, Y; Cherubini, E; Gho, M; Neuman, RS | 1 |
| Birch, PJ; Grossman, CJ; Hayes, AG | 1 |
| Ben-Ari, Y; Cherubini, E; Neuman, RS | 1 |
| Aram, JA; Fletcher, EJ; Honoré, T; Lodge, D; Martin, D | 1 |
| Boden, P; Hill, RG; McBain, CJ | 1 |
| Kauer, JA; Malenka, RC; Nicoll, RA | 1 |
| Bernardi, G; Bonci, A; Calabresi, P; Mercuri, NB; Stratta, F | 1 |
| Izquierdo, I; Medina, JH | 1 |
| Lerma, J; Mellström, B; Naranjo, JR; Paternain, AV | 1 |
| Kuraishi, Y; Okano, K; Satoh, M | 2 |
| Fedorov, NB; Reymann, KG | 1 |
| Boddeke, H; Figurov, A; Muller, D | 1 |
| Jahr, CE; Tong, G | 1 |
| Davidoff, RA; Hackman, JC; Holohean, AM; Shope, SB | 1 |
| Gyevai, A; Mike, A; Osipenko, O; Vizi, ES | 1 |
| Cull-Candy, SG; Wyllie, DJ | 1 |
| Grillner, S; Hökfelt, T; Pieribone, VA; Xu, ZQ; Zhang, X | 1 |
| Akgören, N; Fabricius, M; Lauritzen, M | 1 |
| Midtgaard, J | 1 |
| Hardy, M; Pleasure, D; Pleasure, J; Shi, QY; Tang, CM; Williams, M; Younkin, D | 1 |
| Jedema, HP; Moghaddam, B | 1 |
| Gloveli, T; Heinemann, U; Zhang, CL | 1 |
| Herrera, AJ; Osborne, NN | 1 |
| Hall, RA; Kessler, M; Lynch, G | 1 |
| Akopian, A; Krizaj, D; Witkovsky, P | 1 |
| Bianchin, M; Izquierdo, I; Medina, JH; Quillfeldt, JA; Schmitz, PK; Walz, R; Zanatta, MS | 1 |
| Andersen, PH; Jørgensen, M; Tygesen, CK | 1 |
| Dowling, JE; Grant, GB | 1 |
| Drejer, J; Johansen, TH; Nielsen, EO; Wätjen, F | 1 |
| Beaver, KM; Hawkins, LM; Jane, DE; Roberts, PJ; Sunter, DC; Taylor, PM | 1 |
| Kubová, H; Mares, P; Vachová, D; Velísek, L | 1 |
| Hatton, GI; Smithson, KG; Yang, QZ | 1 |
| Kawai, N; Robinson, HP | 1 |
| Collins, GG | 1 |
| Baudry, M; Hall, RA; Kessler, M; Lynch, G; Massicotte, G | 1 |
| Jaarsma, D; Korf, J; Sebens, JB | 1 |
| Bjerkness, L; Choi, DW; Hartley, DM; Kurth, MC; Weiss, JH | 1 |
| Bessho, Y; Nakanishi, S; Nawa, H | 1 |
| Ambrosini, A; Racagni, G | 1 |
| Boos, R; Schneider, H; Wässle, H | 1 |
| Allen, CN; Carpenter, DO; Spencer, PS | 1 |
| Grosche, J; Kettenmann, H; Müller, T; Ohlemeyer, C | 1 |
| Lanius, RA; Pasqualotto, BA; Shaw, CA | 1 |
| Hensley, SH; Wu, SM; Yang, XL | 1 |
| Cull-Candy, SG; Silver, RA; Traynelis, SF | 1 |
| Kimura, H; Schubert, D | 1 |
| Callaway, EM; Katz, LC | 1 |
| Lücke, T; Neugebauer, V; Schaible, HG | 2 |
| Henry, JL; Radhakrishnan, V | 1 |
| Kato, N; Yoshimura, H | 1 |
| Choi, DW; Goldberg, MP; Gottlieb, DI; Huettner, JE; Turetsky, DM | 1 |
| Constantine-Paton, M; Hickmott, PW | 1 |
| Hammerland, LG; Parks, TN; Zhou, N | 1 |
| Greer, RA; Hall, ME; Stewart, JM | 1 |
| Inokuchi, H; Nishi, S; Shimizu, T; Yajiri, Y; Yoshimura, M | 1 |
| Burns, LH; Isacson, O; Sato, K; Wüllner, U | 1 |
| Baraban, JM; Fiore, RS; Murphy, TH; Pelech, SL; Sanghera, JS | 1 |
| Crowley, WR; Parker, SL | 2 |
| Bolton, PS; Walmsley, B | 1 |
| Mennerick, S; Zorumski, CF | 1 |
| Ammendola, D; De Sarro, A; De Sarro, G; Nava, F | 1 |
| Dörner, R; Schlue, WR; Zens, M | 1 |
| Barnes, JM; Henley, JM; Kirkham, D; Murphy, PA | 1 |
| Chetkovich, DM; Sweatt, JD | 1 |
| Abercrombie, ED; Keefe, KA; Sved, AF; Zigmond, MJ | 1 |
| Avoli, M; Fueta, Y; Psarropoulou, C; Tancredi, V | 1 |
| Castellucci, VF; Trudeau, LE | 1 |
| Brady, RJ; Smith, KL; Swann, JW | 1 |
| Perouansky, M; Yaari, Y | 1 |
| Empson, RM; Jefferys, JG | 1 |
| Elliott, P; Wallis, DI | 1 |
| Changeux, JP; Vidal, C | 1 |
| Heck, D | 1 |
| Gean, PW; Lin, JH | 1 |
| Sugiyama, M; Takahashi, MP; Tsumoto, T | 1 |
| Pai, KS; Ravindranath, V; Shankar, SK | 1 |
| Buckley, B; Lutton, LM; Rea, MA | 1 |
| López-Colomé, AM; Ortega, A; Romo-de-Vivar, M | 1 |
| Miles, R; Poncer, JC | 1 |
| Brooks, KJ; Kauppinen, RA | 1 |
| Kim, K; Lee, CC; Lee, YK; Seong, JY | 1 |
| Piguet, P | 1 |
| Heinemann, U; Igelmund, P; Leschinger, A; Stabel, J | 1 |
| Taube, JS | 1 |
| Kauer, JS; Wellis, DP | 1 |
| Gean, PW; Huang, CC; Tsai, JJ | 1 |
| Akasu, T; Hasuo, H; Shoji, S | 1 |
| Haddad, GG; Jiang, C | 1 |
| Barzizza, A; Maura, G; Raiteri, M; Thellung, S | 1 |
| Chazot, PL; Cik, M; Stephenson, FA | 1 |
| Hirano, T; Kasono, K | 1 |
| Manabe, T; Nicoll, RA; Perkel, DJ; Wyllie, DJ | 1 |
| Aroniadou, VA; Keller, A | 1 |
| Crepel, F; Hirsch, JC; Law-Tho, D | 1 |
| Gähwiler, BH; Gerber, U; Lüthi, A | 1 |
| Sluka, KA; Westlund, KN | 3 |
| Gean, PW; Huang, CC; Hung, CR; Tsai, JJ | 1 |
| Merlin, LR; Wong, RK | 1 |
| Saggau, P; Wu, LG | 1 |
| Bijak, M; Misgeld, U | 1 |
| Fukunaga, K; Miyamoto, E; Ushio, Y; Yano, S | 1 |
| Champagnat, J; Fortin, G | 1 |
| Chinnery, RM; Ince, PG; Johnson, M; Shaw, PJ | 1 |
| Berrino, L; D'Amico, M; Filippelli, A; Leyva, J; Maione, S; Rossi, F | 1 |
| Ben-Ari, Y; Bregestovski, P; Khazipov, R | 1 |
| Nicoll, RA; Perkel, DJ | 1 |
| Binns, KE; Salt, TE | 1 |
| Drake-Baumann, R; Herndon, RM; Leiman, AL; Seil, FJ; Tiekotter, KL | 1 |
| Luo, R; Schneiderman, JH; Sterling, CA | 1 |
| Choi, DW; Regan, RF | 1 |
| King, AE; Lopez-Garcia, JA | 1 |
| Jonas, P; Major, G; Sakmann, B | 1 |
| Kombian, SB; Malenka, RC | 1 |
| Fan, P; Szerb, JC | 1 |
| Heinemann, U; Kral, T; Luhmann, HJ | 1 |
| Keifer, J | 1 |
| Flavin, MP; Ho, G; Yang, Y | 1 |
| Ben-Ari, Y; Gaiarsa, JL; Zagrean, L | 1 |
| Araki, T; Endo, K; Kaneko, T; Kang, Y; Ohishi, H | 1 |
| McCormick, DA; Ramoa, AS | 1 |
| Mao, J; Mayer, DJ; Price, DD | 1 |
| Mody, I; Soltesz, I | 1 |
| Giaume, C; Peusner, KD | 1 |
| Carlen, PL; Gurevich, N; Pace-Asciak, CR; Reynaud, D; Wu, PH; Zhang, L | 1 |
| Hatziefthimiou, A; Kouvelas, ED; Mitsacos, A | 1 |
| Nistri, A; Stocca, G | 1 |
| Avoli, M; Kurcewicz, I; Louvel, J; Pumain, R | 1 |
| Barnes, JM; Henley, JM | 1 |
| Gruner, W; Silva, LR | 1 |
| Floridi, S; Racagni, G; Tromba, C; Trotti, D; Volterra, A | 1 |
| Puro, DG; Uchihori, Y | 1 |
| Balcar, VJ; Li, Y | 1 |
| Krnjević, K; Zhu, PJ | 1 |
| Cabrera, RJ; Donoso, AO; Navarro, CE | 1 |
| Dailey, ME; Smith, SJ | 1 |
| Ambros-Ingerson, J; Arai, A; Kessler, M; Lynch, G; Rogers, G; Xiao, P | 1 |
| Hill, JM; Kaufman, MP; Pickar, JG | 1 |
| Bianchin, M; Bueno e Silva, M; Da Silva, RC; Jerusalinsky, D; Paczko, N; Quillfeldt, JA; Ruschel, AC; Schmitz, P; Walz, R; Zanatta, MS | 1 |
| Masetto, S; Prigioni, I; Russo, G | 1 |
| de Groat, WC; Sugaya, K | 1 |
| Karius, DR; Ling, L; Speck, DF | 1 |
| Bigl, V; Kumar, A; Schliebs, R | 1 |
| Murase, K; Onoda, N; Sugai, T; Sugitani, M; Tanifuji, M | 1 |
| Gean, PW; Huang, CC; Kuo, JR; Lin, JH; Tsai, JJ; Yi, PL | 1 |
| Bernard, J; Massicotte, G; Ohayon, M | 1 |
| Alfonso, M; Carvalho, AP; Duarte, CB; Duran, R; Ferreira, IL | 1 |
| D'Angelo, E; Rossi, P; Taglietti, V | 2 |
| Gwag, BJ; Sessler, FM; Springer, JE | 1 |
| Hyson, RL; Nathanson, NM; Rubel, EW; Zirpel, L | 1 |
| Abrahams, TP; Chen, K; Dasilva, AM; Gillis, RA; Hornby, PJ | 1 |
| Grubb, B; Lücke, T; Neugebauer, V; Schaible, HG | 1 |
| Fung, ML; St John, WM; Wang, W | 1 |
| Janáky, R; Oja, SS; Saransaari, P; Varga, V | 1 |
| Renaud, LP; Senatorov, VV; Yang, CR | 1 |
| Cook, EP; Johnston, D; Schulz, PE | 1 |
| Kudoh, M; Shibuki, K | 1 |
| Lagercrantz, H; Lindahl, SG; Otsuka, H; Yamamoto, Y | 1 |
| Finch, DM; Gigg, J; Tan, AM | 1 |
| Donoghue, JP; Hess, G; Jacobs, KM | 1 |
| Bekenstein, JW; Lothman, EW | 1 |
| Gähwiler, BH; Müller, M; Rietschin, L; Thompson, SM | 1 |
| Dubinsky, JM | 1 |
| Couratier, P; Dumas, M; Hugon, J; Sindou, P; Vallat, JM | 1 |
| Brugger, F; Clark, KC; Evans, RH; Hawkins, NS; Pook, P; Watkins, JC | 1 |
| Bockaert, J; Lafon-Cazal, M; Marin, P; Quignard, JF | 1 |
| Bindman, LJ; Bolsover, SR; Christofi, G; Nowicky, AV | 1 |
| Burgard, EC; Hablitz, JJ | 1 |
| Jahr, CE; Lester, RA; Tong, G | 1 |
| Dai, X; Douglas, JR; Jordan, LM; Noga, BR | 1 |
| Bianchin, M; Da Silva, RC; Izquierdo, I; Medina, JH; Paczko, N; Ruschel, AC; Silva, MB; Walz, R; Zanatta, MS | 1 |
| Campeau, S; Davis, M; Falls, WA; Kim, M | 1 |
| Lacaille, JC; Vachon, P; Williams, S | 1 |
| Koch, M; Krase, W; Schnitzler, HU | 1 |
| Kaila, K; Smirnov, S; Taira, T; Voipio, J | 1 |
| Gean, PW; Lin, JH; Way, LJ | 1 |
| Chang, FC; Gean, PW; Huang, CC; Lin, JH; Way, LJ | 1 |
| Avoli, M; Fueta, Y | 1 |
| Bernardi, G; Calabresi, P; Mercuri, NB; Sancesario, G | 1 |
| Kessler, JP | 1 |
| Nicoll, RA; Weisskopf, MG; Zalutsky, RA | 1 |
| Borrell, J; Castro-Alamancos, MA | 1 |
| Kato, N | 1 |
| Janáky, R; Oja, SS; Saransaari, P | 1 |
| de Mendonça, A; Ribeiro, JA | 1 |
| Barker, JL; di Porzio, U; Morelli, F; Novotny, EA; Smith, SV | 1 |
| Oja, SS; Saransaari, P | 1 |
| Müller, TH; Swandulla, D; Zeilhofer, HU | 1 |
| Ito, H; Nakazawa, S; Shiraishi, K | 1 |
| Abercrombie, ED; Keefe, KA; Zigmond, MJ | 1 |
| May, PC; Robison, PM | 1 |
| Hawkins, RD; Kandel, ER; Small, SA; Zhuo, M | 1 |
| Herreras, O; Somjen, GG | 1 |
| Abe, K; Saito, H | 1 |
| Trombley, PQ; van den Pol, AN | 1 |
| Aston-Jones, G; Chiang, C | 1 |
| Pan, ZZ; Wessendorf, MW; Williams, JT | 1 |
| Ennis, C; Minchin, MC | 1 |
| Féger, J; Mouroux, M | 1 |
| Azérad, J; Boucher, Y; Pollin, B | 1 |
| Jefferys, JG; Watts, AE; Whittington, MA | 1 |
| Brunner, H; Misgeld, U | 1 |
| Dutar, P; Lamour, Y; Potier, B | 1 |
| Chen, B; Kocsis, JD; Pourcho, R; Rand, MN; Waxman, SG | 1 |
| Herreras, O; Jing, J | 1 |
| Lev-Tov, A; Pinco, M | 1 |
| Avoli, M; Hwa, GG; Mattia, D | 1 |
| Ohno-Shosaku, T; Sawada, S; Yamamoto, C | 2 |
| Bijak, M; Demmelhuber, J; Jarolimek, W; Misgeld, U | 1 |
| Bohus, B; Koolhaas, JM; Korf, J; Krugers, HJ | 1 |
| Isom, GE; Patel, MN; Yim, GK | 1 |
| Ince, PG; Johnson, M; Perry, EK; Perry, RH; Shaw, PJ | 1 |
| Gdovin, M; Li, A; Nattie, EE | 1 |
| Tang, CM; Yamada, KA | 1 |
| Batini, C; Palestini, M; Thomasset, M; Vigot, R | 1 |
| Feuerstein, G; Jiang, ZG; Yue, TL | 1 |
| Copenhagen, DR; Diamond, JS | 1 |
| Court, JA; Ince, PG; Johnson, M; Kerwin, JA; Perry, EK; Perry, RH; Piggott, MA | 1 |
| Buchwald, NA; Cohen, RW; Levine, MS; Radisavljevic, Z; Siviy, SM; Walsh, JP | 1 |
| Bueno e Silva, M; da Silva, RC; Izquierdo, I; Medina, JH; Quillfeldt, JA | 1 |
| Davis, M; Miserendino, MJ | 1 |
| Miller, RF; Yu, W | 1 |
| Akerman, KE; Holopainen, I; Janáky, R; Oja, SS; Varga, V | 1 |
| Adreani, CM; Hill, JM; Kaufman, MP | 1 |
| Chen, K; Godfrey, DA; Waller, HJ | 1 |
| Malenka, RC; Nicoll, RA; Salin, PA; Scanziani, M | 1 |
| Cumberbatch, MJ; Headley, PM; Herrero, JF | 1 |
| Mendelowitz, D; Mihalevich, M; Neff, RA; Willis, A | 1 |
| Alici, K; Gloveli, T; Heinemann, U; Schmitz, D | 1 |
| Feltz, P; Hayar, A; Piguet, P | 1 |
| Dugladze, T; Empson, RM; Gloveli, T; Heinemann, U; Schmitz, D | 1 |
| Hughes, D; Major, MS; Parks, TN; Solum, D | 1 |
| Barth, A; Malouf, AT; Newell, DW; Ricciardi, TN | 1 |
| Furukawa, K; Holtsberg, FW; Keller, JN; Mattson, MP; Steiner, MR; Steiner, SM | 1 |
| Dorandeu, F; Fosbraey, P; Lallement, G; Pernot-Marino, I; Tattersall, JE; Wetherell, J | 1 |
| Cui, LN; Dyball, RE; Saeb-Parsy, K | 1 |
| Katz, LC; Roerig, B | 1 |
| Davis, M; Walker, DL | 1 |
| Członkowska, A; Płaźnik, A; Siemiatkowski, M | 1 |
| Dreshaj, IA; Erokwu, B; Haxhiu, MA | 1 |
| Funabiki, K; Koyano, K; Ohmori, H | 1 |
| Farre, C; Jacobson, I; Jardemark, K; Orwar, O; Zare, RN | 1 |
| Anchisi, D; Miniaci, MC; Strata, P; Tempia, F | 1 |
| Mifflin, SW; Zhang, J | 1 |
| Inami, H; Kohara, A; Ohno, K; Okada, M; Sakamoto, S; Shimizu-Sasamata, M; Shishikura, J; Takahashi, M; Tsutsumi, R; Yamaguchi, T | 1 |
| Barber, WD; Dou, P; Dudek, FE; Smith, BN | 1 |
| Johnson, AK; Xu, Z | 1 |
| Cattaert, D; Le Ray, D | 1 |
| Mead, AN; Stephens, DN | 1 |
| Cutrer, FM; Huang, Z; Mitsikostas, DD; Moskowitz, MA; Sanchez del Rio, M; Waeber, C | 1 |
| Lu, SM; Yeh, HH | 1 |
| Cano, J; Machado, A; Merino, M; Vizuete, ML | 1 |
| Chen, J; Li, H; Li, Z; Luo, C; Zheng, J | 1 |
| Evans, MS; Faingold, CL; Li, Y | 1 |
| Ben-Ari, Y; Chevassus-Au-Louis, N; Diabira, D; Gozlan, H; Hennou, S | 1 |
| Kaila, K; Lamsa, K; Palva, JM; Ruusuvuori, E; Taira, T | 1 |
| Poon, CS; Zhou, Z | 1 |
| Howe, JR; Robert, A; Waxman, SG | 1 |
| Kelly, JB; Kidd, SA | 1 |
| Durkin, JP; Gendron, TF; MacLean, S; Mealing, G; Morley, P; Small, DL; Tremblay, R | 1 |
| Dhillon, A; Jones, RS | 1 |
| Jiang, L; Kang, J; Nedergaard, M; Xu, J | 1 |
| Akinshola, BE; Karvonen, LL; Liesi, P; Stewart, RR; Taylor, RE | 1 |
| Barnabi, F; Cechetto, DF | 1 |
| Allgaier, C; Fischer, W; Franke, H; Illes, P; Scheibler, P | 1 |
| Chiang, AS; Lin, SC; Liu, HP; Pszczolkowski, MA | 1 |
| Kelly, JB; Ma, CL; Wu, SH | 1 |
| Burr, PB; Morris, BJ | 1 |
| Auerbach, SB; Tao, R | 1 |
| Russell, VA | 1 |
| Meier, J; Schmieden, V | 1 |
| Gonzaga, J; Hettes, SR; Heyming, TW; Perez, S; Stanley, BG; Wolfsohn, S | 1 |
| Choi, KH; Clements, RL; Greenshaw, AJ | 1 |
| Toyoda, H; Zhao, MG; Zhuo, M | 1 |
| Dolman, NP; Ghosal, A; Jane, DE; Mayer, ML | 1 |
| Georgescu, M; Pfaus, JG | 1 |
| Hays, FA; Menuz, K; Nicoll, RA; Stroud, RM | 1 |
| Suzuki, T | 1 |
| Auer, RN; Kherani, ZS | 1 |
| Buckby, LE; Empson, RM; Jensen, TP | 1 |
| Cox, CL; Govindaiah, G; Lee, SH | 1 |
| Canning, BJ; Mori, N | 1 |
| Chamberlain, SE; Jane, DE; Jones, RS | 1 |
| Bowie, D; Maclean, DM | 1 |
| Chen, PC; Heinzelmann, G; Kuyucak, S | 1 |
5 review(s) available for quinoxalines and 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Quinoxalinediones as excitatory amino acid antagonists in the vertebrate central nervous system.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Binding, Competitive; Central Nervous System; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Signal Transduction; Spinal Cord; Structure-Activity Relationship; Vertebrates | 1990 |
The pharmacology of AMPA receptors and their antagonists.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Brain; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA | 1993 |
Role of the amygdala, hippocampus and entorhinal cortex in memory consolidation and expression.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Amygdala; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Hippocampus; Memory; Muscimol; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, GABA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1993 |
Processing of information from different sources: spatial synaptic integration in the dendrites of vertebrate CNS neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Bicuculline; Calcium; Central Nervous System; Dendrites; Models, Neurological; Neurons; Picrotoxin; Purkinje Cells; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Synaptic Transmission; Vertebrates | 1994 |
[AMPA receptor].
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Drug Design; Humans; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA | 2008 |
640 other study(ies) available for quinoxalines and 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Complex pharmacological properties of recombinant alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate receptor subtypes.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Binding Sites; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Oocytes; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Recombinant Proteins; Xenopus laevis | 1992 |
Learning of a hippocampal-dependent conditioning task changes the binding properties of AMPA receptors in rabbit hippocampus.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Autoradiography; Binding, Competitive; Brain Mapping; Conditioning, Classical; Conditioning, Eyelid; Hippocampus; Ibotenic Acid; Male; Phencyclidine; Quinoxalines; Rabbits; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1992 |
Effects of philanthotoxin-343 on CA1 pyramidal neurons of rat hippocampus in vitro.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Hippocampus; Ibotenic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Phenols; Polyamines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 1992 |
Suppression of a calcium current by CNQX and kynurenate.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Amino Acids; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cells, Cultured; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Ibotenic Acid; Ictaluridae; Kynurenic Acid; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Retina | 1992 |
Administration of excitatory amino acid antagonists via microdialysis attenuates the increase in glucose utilization seen following concussive brain injury.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Brain; Brain Concussion; Dialysis; Energy Metabolism; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Ions; Kynurenic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1992 |
5-hydroxytryptamine is a fast excitatory transmitter at 5-HT3 receptors in rat amygdala.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Amygdala; Animals; Electric Stimulation; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Imidazoles; Indoles; Membrane Potentials; Ondansetron; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Serotonin; Serotonin; Serotonin Antagonists; Synapses; Tropisetron | 1992 |
Postsynaptic contribution to long-term potentiation revealed by the analysis of miniature synaptic currents.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; N-Methylaspartate; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1992 |
Agonist-stimulated inositol polyphosphate formation in cerebellum.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cerebellum; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Inositol Phosphates; Isomerism; Ketanserin; Male; Osmolar Concentration; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Serotonin; Time Factors | 1992 |
NMDA channel behavior depends on agonist affinity.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Aspartic Acid; Cells, Cultured; Cysteic Acid; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; Hippocampus; Homocysteine; Kinetics; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Time Factors | 1992 |
Evoked CA3 field potentials corresponding to both EPSPs and IPSPs in hippocampal slice.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Bicuculline; Dendrites; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Penicillins; Pentobarbital; Phenobarbital; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Receptors, GABA-A; Synapses | 1992 |
Receptor subtypes involved in callosally-induced postsynaptic potentials in rat frontal agranular cortex in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Baclofen; Bicuculline; Corpus Callosum; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Frontal Lobe; GABA Antagonists; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Picrotoxin; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synapses | 1992 |
CPP, an NMDA-receptor antagonist, blocks 4-aminopyridine-induced spreading depression episodes but not epileptiform activity in immature rat hippocampal slices.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aging; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Anticonvulsants; Dendrites; Epilepsy; Evoked Potentials; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Models, Biological; Piperazines; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1992 |
Differential induction of immediate early genes by excitatory amino acid receptor types in primary cultures of cortical and striatal neurons.
Topics: 1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Blotting, Northern; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; DNA-Binding Proteins; Early Growth Response Protein 1; Gene Expression Regulation; Genes, fos; Genes, jun; Genes, Regulator; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Immediate-Early Proteins; Isoquinolines; Neurons; Piperazines; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Proto-Oncogenes; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; RNA, Messenger; Sulfonamides; Transcription Factors | 1992 |
The effects of excitatory amino acids on proenkephalin and prodynorphin mRNA levels in the hippocampal dentate gyrus of the rat; an in situ hybridization study.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Enkephalins; Functional Laterality; Gene Expression; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Male; Microinjections; N-Methylaspartate; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Protein Precursors; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; RNA, Messenger | 1992 |
Single-electrode voltage-clamp analysis of the N-methyl-D-aspartate component of synaptic responses in neocortical slices from children with intractable epilepsy.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adolescent; Aging; Bicuculline; Cerebral Cortex; Child; Child, Preschool; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Epilepsy; Evoked Potentials; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Membrane Potentials; Microelectrodes; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1992 |
Astrocyte heterogeneity: endogenous amino acid levels and release evoked by non-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor agonists and by potassium-induced swelling in type-1 and type-2 astrocytes.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Astrocytes; Bucladesine; Cells, Cultured; Kainic Acid; Osmolar Concentration; Potassium; Potassium Chloride; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid | 1992 |
mRNA coding for neurotransmitter receptors in a human astrocytoma.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aged; Animals; Astrocytoma; Brain Neoplasms; Calcium Channels; Cell Line; Culture Techniques; Female; Glutamates; Humans; Kainic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Oocytes; Pirenzepine; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; RNA, Messenger; Xenopus | 1992 |
Hypothalamic excitatory amino acid receptors mediate stress-induced tachycardia in rats.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena; Cardiovascular System; Heart Rate; Hypothalamus, Middle; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Microinjections; Motor Activity; Neurotoxins; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Stress, Physiological | 1992 |
Kindling-induced long-lasting changes in synaptic transmission in the basolateral amygdala.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Amygdala; Animals; Bicuculline; Electric Stimulation; Kainic Acid; Kindling, Neurologic; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, GABA-A; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1992 |
Presynaptic modulation by GABAB receptors of glutamatergic excitation and GABAergic inhibition of neostriatal neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Baclofen; Corpus Callosum; Corpus Striatum; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Feedback; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, GABA-A; Synapses | 1992 |
L-proline activates glutamate and glycine receptors in cultured rat dorsal horn neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Female; Glutamates; Glycine; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Pregnancy; Proline; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Glycine; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Spinal Cord; Strychnine | 1992 |
Excitatory postsynaptic potentials recorded from regular-spiking cells in layers II/III of rat sensorimotor cortex.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Bicuculline; Electrodes; Evoked Potentials; In Vitro Techniques; Lidocaine; Male; Membrane Potentials; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Somatosensory Cortex; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1992 |
Neuronal origins of K(+)-evoked amino acid release from cerebellar cultures.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Kainic Acid; Neurons; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1992 |
Glutamate-induced long-term potentiation of the frequency of miniature synaptic currents in cultured hippocampal neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kinetics; Magnesium; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1992 |
Blockade of hippocampal long-term potentiation by saccharin.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Evoked Potentials; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neurites; Neurons, Afferent; PC12 Cells; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Saccharin; Synapses | 1992 |
Inhibition of cisplatin-induced emesis in ferrets by the non-NMDA receptor antagonists NBQX and CNQX.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Benzamides; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; Cisplatin; Exploratory Behavior; Ferrets; Imidazoles; Male; Ondansetron; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Serotonin Antagonists; Vomiting | 1992 |
Oxygen or glucose deprivation-induced neuronal injury in cortical cell cultures is reduced by tetanus toxin.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Dizocilpine Maleate; Electrophysiology; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Magnesium; Mice; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Oxygen; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Tetanus Toxin | 1992 |
Isolated NMDA receptor-mediated synaptic responses express both LTP and LTD.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Membrane Potentials; Quinoxalines; Rabbits; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses | 1992 |
Long-term potentiation in slices of kitten visual cortex and the effects of NMDA receptor blockade.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Bicuculline; Cats; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Regression Analysis; Visual Cortex | 1992 |
The spread of Na+ spikes determines the pattern of dendritic Ca2+ entry into hippocampal neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Benzofurans; Calcium; Dendrites; Electric Stimulation; Ethers, Cyclic; Fluorescent Dyes; Fura-2; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neurons; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Sodium; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Tetraethylammonium; Tetraethylammonium Compounds; Tetrodotoxin | 1992 |
Synaptic inputs to GABAA and GABAB receptors originate from discrete afferent neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Afferent Pathways; Amygdala; Animals; Bicuculline; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Muscarine; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, GABA-A; Serotonin; Synapses | 1992 |
Extracellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate-evoked glutamate release in cultured hippocampal neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Electrophysiology; Fetus; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tetrodotoxin | 1992 |
NMDA, non-NMDA and glycine receptors mediate binaural interaction in the lateral superior olive: physiological evidence from mouse brain slice.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Functional Laterality; Glycine; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Olivary Nucleus; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glycine; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Strychnine | 1992 |
Ethanol inhibits epileptiform activity and NMDA receptor-mediated synaptic transmission in rat amygdaloid slices.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amygdala; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Bicuculline; Depression, Chemical; Epilepsy; Ethanol; In Vitro Techniques; Magnesium; Male; Membrane Potentials; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1992 |
Evidence that non-NMDA receptors are involved in the excitatory pathway from the pedunculopontine region to nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 2-Aminoadipic Acid; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Glutamine; Iontophoresis; Kainic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Pons; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Substantia Nigra; Synapses | 1992 |
Pharmacological characterization of excitatory synaptic potentials in rat basolateral amygdaloid neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amygdala; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Male; Membrane Potentials; Microelectrodes; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synapses | 1992 |
Postnatal changes in AMPA receptor regulation by phospholipase A2 treatment of synaptic membranes: temporally differential effects on agonist and antagonist binding.
Topics: 4-Chloromercuribenzenesulfonate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Male; Phospholipases A; Phospholipases A2; Quinoxalines; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synaptic Membranes; Telencephalon; Thiocyanates; Time Factors | 1992 |
GABA-mediated positive autofeedback loop controls horizontal cell kinetics in tiger salamander retina.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; 8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate; Ambystoma; Animals; Carrier Proteins; Cell Membrane; Cyclic AMP; Evoked Potentials; Feedback; GABA Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Light; Mathematics; Membrane Proteins; Membrane Transport Proteins; Models, Biological; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Organic Anion Transporters; Photic Stimulation; Picrotoxin; Quinoxalines; Receptors, GABA-A; Retina | 1992 |
Synaptic basis for developmental plasticity in a birdsong nucleus.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Axons; Birds; Brain; Efferent Pathways; Evoked Potentials; In Vitro Techniques; Lidocaine; Membrane Potentials; Models, Neurological; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Time Factors; Vocalization, Animal | 1992 |
The effect of visual experience on development of NMDA receptor synaptic transmission in kitten visual cortex.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aging; Animals; Cats; Darkness; Evoked Potentials; Iontophoresis; Light; N-Methylaspartate; Photic Stimulation; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Vision, Ocular; Visual Cortex; Visual Perception | 1992 |
Intracellular recordings from neurobiotin-labeled cells in brain slices of the rat medial nucleus of the trapezoid body.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Afferent Pathways; Animals; Bicuculline; Biotin; Cochlear Nerve; Electric Conductivity; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Membrane Potentials; Nerve Fibers; Neurons; Pons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Strychnine | 1992 |
Large aspiny cells in the matrix of the rat neostriatum in vitro: physiological identification, relation to the compartments and excitatory postsynaptic currents.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Electric Conductivity; In Vitro Techniques; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Synapses | 1992 |
The kinetics of the response to glutamate and kainate in neurons of the avian cochlear nucleus.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Chick Embryo; Cochlear Nerve; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamates; Kainic Acid; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1992 |
Glutamate receptors mediate acoustic input to the reticular brain stem.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Acoustic Stimulation; Animals; Dizocilpine Maleate; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem; Female; Glutamates; Iontophoresis; Pons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Reticular Formation | 1992 |
Up-regulation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors on cultured cortical neurons after exposure to antagonists.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Dizocilpine Maleate; Neurons; Pipecolic Acids; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Up-Regulation | 1992 |
Receptor-coupled uptake of valproate in rat astroglial primary cultures.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; Biological Transport; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Clonidine; Drug Interactions; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Isoproterenol; Kainic Acid; Ketanserin; Phenylephrine; Prazosin; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Serotonin; Valproic Acid; Yohimbine | 1992 |
NMDA receptors, cellular edema, and metabolic stress.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Chickens; Dizocilpine Maleate; Edema; Electron Transport; Glycolysis; Hypoglycemia; Hypoxia; Iodoacetates; Iodoacetic Acid; Ischemia; N-Methylaspartate; Potassium Cyanide; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Retina; Tetrodotoxin | 1992 |
Estradiol selectively regulates agonist binding sites on the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor complex in the CA1 region of the hippocampus.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Binding Sites; Binding, Competitive; Estradiol; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Ovariectomy; Progesterone; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1992 |
The role of NMDA and non-NMDA excitatory amino acid receptors in the excitation of primate spinothalamic tract neurons by mechanical, chemical, thermal, and electrical stimuli.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Capsaicin; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Female; Hot Temperature; Macaca fascicularis; Neurons; Physical Stimulation; Pregnancy; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spinal Nerve Roots; Spinothalamic Tracts; Stimulation, Chemical | 1992 |
Long-term and short-term electrophysiological effects of estrogen on the synaptic properties of hippocampal CA1 neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Estradiol; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Time Factors | 1992 |
Role of NMDA receptors in hypothalamic facilitation of feline defensive rage elicited from the midbrain periaqueductal gray.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Atropine; Cats; Female; Hypothalamus, Middle; Immunohistochemistry; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Microinjections; N-Methylaspartate; Neurotransmitter Agents; Periaqueductal Gray; Quinoxalines; Rage; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1992 |
Excitatory and inhibitory synaptic currents and receptors in rat medial septal neurones.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synapses; Synaptic Membranes | 1992 |
Induction of long-term potentiation in the basolateral amygdala does not depend on NMDA receptor activation.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amygdala; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Male; Picrotoxin; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses | 1992 |
The effect of glutamate antagonists on c-fos expression induced in spinal neurons by irritation of the lower urinary tract.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Afferent Pathways; Animals; Decerebrate State; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Gene Expression; Genes, fos; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Irritants; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Spinal Cord; Urinary Tract | 1992 |
The effect of hypoxia on neurotransmitter phenotype of forebrain cholinergic neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Cell Hypoxia; Cells, Cultured; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Embryo, Mammalian; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Growth Factors; Neurons; Phenotype; Prosencephalon; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1992 |
Activation of kappa-opioid receptors depresses electrically evoked excitatory postsynaptic potentials on 5-HT-sensitive neurones in the rat dorsal raphé nucleus in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Afferent Pathways; Animals; Benzofurans; Bicuculline; Bombesin; Cholecystokinin; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Neurons; Picrotoxin; Prazosin; Pyrrolidines; Quinoxalines; Raphe Nuclei; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Serotonin; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1992 |
Interaction between thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and NMDA-receptor-mediated responses in hypoglossal motoneurones.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Stem; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Hypoglossal Nerve; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Motor Neurons; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Receptors, Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone | 1992 |
Glutamate release and presynaptic action of AP4 during inspiratory drive to phrenic motoneurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Axons; Brain Stem; Decerebrate State; Glutamates; In Vitro Techniques; Inhalation; Kainic Acid; Medulla Oblongata; Models, Neurological; Motor Neurons; Phrenic Nerve; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Spinal Cord; Synapses | 1992 |
Dual-component miniature excitatory synaptic currents in rat hippocampal CA3 pyramidal neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory; Hippocampus; Hypertonic Solutions; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Membrane Potentials; Microelectrodes; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Potassium; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1992 |
Effect of stimulus contrast and size on NMDA receptor activity in cat lateral geniculate nucleus.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cats; Contrast Sensitivity; Geniculate Bodies; Iontophoresis; Photic Stimulation; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1992 |
Extracellular alkaline shifts in rat hippocampal slice are mediated by NMDA and non-NMDA receptors.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Extracellular Space; Hippocampus; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; In Vitro Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synapses | 1992 |
Two types of glutamate receptors differentially excite amacrine cells in the tiger salamander retina.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Evoked Potentials, Visual; Photic Stimulation; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Retina; Urodela | 1992 |
GABAergic synaptic transmission in projections from the basal forebrain and hippocampal formation to the amygdala: an in vivo iontophoretic study.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amygdala; Animals; Baclofen; Bicuculline; Electric Stimulation; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hippocampus; Iontophoresis; Male; Neural Pathways; Prosencephalon; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1992 |
Push-pull cannula for localized application of drugs and sampling of medium, combined with electrophysiological recordings in an interface slice chamber.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Catheterization; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Culture Media; Electrophysiology; Extracellular Space; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Rats; Sodium; Tetrodotoxin | 1992 |
The contribution of AMPA and NMDA receptors to graded bursting activity in the hippocampal CA1 region in an acute in vitro model of epilepsy.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Bicuculline; Epilepsy; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1992 |
NMDA receptor-mediated depolarizing action of proline on CA1 pyramidal cells.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Female; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Manganese; N-Methylaspartate; Proline; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Zinc | 1992 |
N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) and non-NMDA receptors regulating hippocampal norepinephrine release. III. Changes in the NMDA receptor complex induced by their functional cooperation.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Dizocilpine Maleate; Hippocampus; Magnesium; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Norepinephrine; Pyrrolidinones; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptosomes | 1992 |
Role of NMDA and non-NMDA receptors in excitatory postsynaptic potentials in rat suprachiasmatic nucleus neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Evoked Potentials; Male; Membrane Potentials; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Suprachiasmatic Nucleus; Synapses | 1992 |
Modulation of decay kinetics and frequency of GABAA receptor-mediated spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents in hippocampal neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aging; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Calcium Channels; Evoked Potentials; Flumazenil; Hippocampus; Kinetics; Lidocaine; Mathematics; Meglumine; Membrane Potentials; Midazolam; Models, Neurological; Neurons; Pentobarbital; Probability; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA-A; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1992 |
Activation of quisqualate metabotropic receptors reduces glutamate and GABA-mediated synaptic potentials in the rat striatum.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Cycloleucine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Neurotoxins; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synapses | 1992 |
Homo- and heterosynaptic changes in efficacy are expressed in prefrontal neurons: an in vitro study in the rat.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Bicuculline; Cerebral Cortex; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; In Vitro Techniques; Magnesium; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synapses | 1992 |
Presynaptic inhibition of miniature excitatory synaptic currents by baclofen and adenosine in the hippocampus.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Adenosine; Animals; Baclofen; Bicuculline; Cadmium; Calcium; Electric Conductivity; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, GABA-A; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1992 |
Metabotropic glutamate receptor agonists potentiate a slow afterdepolarization in CNS neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cycloleucine; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Prosencephalon; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate | 1992 |
Investigations into neuropeptide Y-mediated presynaptic inhibition in cultured hippocampal neurones of the rat.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Cells, Cultured; Electrophysiology; Hippocampus; Neurons; Neuropeptide Y; Quinoxalines; Rats; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1992 |
Antagonism of synaptic potentials in ventral horn neurones by 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione: a study in the rat spinal cord in vitro.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Female; Half-Life; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Motor Neurons; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Spinal Nerve Roots; Synapses | 1992 |
The intrathecal administration of excitatory amino acid receptor antagonists selectively attenuated carrageenan-induced behavioral hyperalgesia in rats.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Analgesics; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Carrageenan; Dizocilpine Maleate; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Hyperalgesia; Inflammation; Injections, Spinal; Ketamine; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Valine | 1992 |
Effect of excitatory amino acid receptor antagonists on apomorphine-, oxytocin- and ACTH-induced penile erection and yawning in male rats.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Apomorphine; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Oxytocin; Penile Erection; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Amino Acid; Yawning | 1992 |
Stimulation of cultured cerebellar granule cells via glutamate receptors induces TRE- and CRE-binding activities mediated by common DNA-binding complexes.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Base Sequence; Blotting, Northern; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Cyclic AMP; DNA-Binding Proteins; Kainic Acid; Magnesium; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Molecular Sequence Data; N-Methylaspartate; Protein Binding; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate | 1992 |
The action of the putative neurotransmitters N-acetylaspartylglutamate and L-homocysteate in cat dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cats; Dipeptides; Female; Geniculate Bodies; Homocysteine; Immunohistochemistry; Iontophoresis; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Photic Stimulation; Piperazines; Quinoxalines | 1992 |
Blockade of excitation reveals inhibition of dentate spiny hilar neurons recorded in rat hippocampal slices.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Bicuculline; Electrophysiology; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 1992 |
Calcium transients evoked by climbing fiber and parallel fiber synaptic inputs in guinea pig cerebellar Purkinje neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Arsenazo III; Calcium; Electric Stimulation; Fura-2; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Nerve Fibers; Purkinje Cells; Quinoxalines; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Synapses; Time Factors | 1992 |
Energy requirements of glutamatergic pathways in rabbit retina.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Energy Metabolism; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kainic Acid; Light; Oxygen Consumption; Quinoxalines; Rabbits; Retina | 1992 |
Cholinergic excitation of GABAergic interneurons in the rat hippocampal slice.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Carbachol; Cholinergic Fibers; Culture Techniques; Evoked Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hippocampus; Interneurons; Male; Membrane Potentials; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Muscarinic | 1992 |
Characterization and regulation of a high affinity [3H]CNQX labelled AMPA receptor in rat neocortex.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Male; Muscimol; N-Methylaspartate; Oxadiazoles; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Tritium | 1992 |
Excitatory synaptic potentials in neurons of the deep nuclei in olivo-cerebellar slice cultures.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Bicuculline; Cell Communication; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellar Nuclei; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; In Vitro Techniques; Lidocaine; Magnesium; Neurons; Olivary Nucleus; Purkinje Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synapses | 1992 |
Excitatory amino acid receptors involved in primary afferent-evoked polysynaptic EPSPs of substantia gelatinosa neurons in the adult rat spinal cord slice.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Afferent Pathways; Animals; Evoked Potentials; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Substantia Gelatinosa | 1992 |
Quisqualic acid-induced neurotoxicity is protected by NMDA and non-NMDA receptor antagonists.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Brain; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ion Channel Gating; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Mice; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1992 |
Excitatory synaptic transmission mediated by NMDA and non-NMDA receptors in the superficial/middle layers of the epileptogenic human neocortex maintained in vitro.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Adult; Cerebral Cortex; Epilepsy; Evoked Potentials; Humans; Membrane Potentials; Organ Culture Techniques; Piperazines; Psychosurgery; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission | 1992 |
Glutamate receptors of Drosophila melanogaster: cloning of a kainate-selective subunit expressed in the central nervous system.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Base Sequence; Cloning, Molecular; DNA; Drosophila melanogaster; Kainic Acid; Macromolecular Substances; Molecular Sequence Data; Nervous System; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; Oocytes; Phenols; Polyamines; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Restriction Mapping; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Transcription, Genetic; Wasp Venoms; Xenopus | 1992 |
Differential effects of neuroexcitatory amino acids on corticotropin-releasing hormone-41 and vasopressin release from rat hypothalamic explants.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Arginine Vasopressin; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Glycine; Hypothalamus; Kainic Acid; Magnesium; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 1992 |
CNQX increases spontaneous inhibitory input to CA3 pyramidal neurones in neonatal rat hippocampal slices.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Electric Conductivity; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Interneurons; Kynurenic Acid; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 1992 |
Sustained enhancement of NMDA receptor-mediated synaptic potential by isoproterenol in rat amygdalar slices.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amygdala; Animals; Bicuculline; Evoked Potentials; In Vitro Techniques; Isoproterenol; Membrane Potentials; Propranolol; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Time Factors | 1992 |
Ca2+ entry via postsynaptic voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channels can transiently potentiate excitatory synaptic transmission in the hippocampus.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Male; Nifedipine; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Time Factors | 1992 |
Spontaneous synchronous synaptic calcium transients in cultured cortical neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Dizocilpine Maleate; Electrophysiology; Fetus; Fluorescent Dyes; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Membrane Potentials; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Neurons; Picrotoxin; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1992 |
Neuroprotective synergism of 2-amino-3-phosphonoproprionate (D,L-AP3) and MK-801 against ibotenate induced brain injury.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Alanine; Animals; Brain; Brain Diseases; Dizocilpine Maleate; Drug Synergism; Female; Ibotenic Acid; Injections; Male; Organ Size; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 1992 |
Long duration ventral root potentials in the neonatal rat spinal cord in vitro; the effects of ionotropic and metabotropic excitatory amino acid receptor antagonists.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Electric Stimulation; Electrodes; Evoked Potentials; In Vitro Techniques; Nerve Fibers; Neurons, Afferent; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Amino Acid; Spinal Cord; Spinal Nerve Roots | 1992 |
Characterization of 2,4,5-trihydroxyphenylalanine neurotoxicity in vitro and protective effects of ganglioside GM1: implications for Parkinson's disease.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; G(M1) Ganglioside; Mesencephalon; MPTP Poisoning; Oxidation-Reduction; Parkinson Disease; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 1992 |
Glutamate-induced inhibition of paired pulse facilitation of monosynaptic excitatory post-synaptic potentials in frog spinal motoneurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Magnesium; Membrane Potentials; Motor Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rana catesbeiana; Spinal Cord | 1992 |
K-dependent inhibition in the dentate-CA3 network of guinea pig hippocampal slices.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Anesthesia; Animals; Cytoplasmic Granules; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; Histocytochemistry; Horseradish Peroxidase; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Nerve Net; Neurons; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Synaptic Transmission | 1992 |
pBluescriptII: multifunctional cloning and mapping vectors.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Base Sequence; beta-Galactosidase; Chromosome Mapping; Cloning, Molecular; DNA; DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase; DNA, Recombinant; Escherichia coli; Genetic Vectors; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Protein Biosynthesis; Quinoxalines; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Restriction Mapping; Sequence Deletion; T-Phages; Transcription, Genetic | 1992 |
Responses to repetitive afferent activity of rat solitary complex neurons isolated in brainstem slices.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain Stem; Electric Stimulation; In Vitro Techniques; Medulla Oblongata; Membrane Potentials; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons, Afferent; Quinoxalines; Rats; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1992 |
The expression of presynaptic t-ACPD receptor in rat cerebellum.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Cerebellum; Cycloleucine; Dendrites; Evoked Potentials; Fluorescent Dyes; Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Neurotoxins; Purkinje Cells; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synapses | 1992 |
3,5-Dihydroxyphenyl-glycine: a potent agonist of metabotropic glutamate receptors.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Alanine; Animals; Cycloleucine; Egtazic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Oocytes; Potassium Channels; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate; Resorcinols; RNA, Messenger; Xenopus | 1992 |
Differential roles of NMDA and non-NMDA receptor activation in induction and maintenance of thermal hyperalgesia in rats with painful peripheral mononeuropathy.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Dizocilpine Maleate; Hot Temperature; Hyperalgesia; Injections, Spinal; Male; Pain; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Pyrrolidinones; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sciatic Nerve | 1992 |
N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and non-NMDA (metabotropic) type glutamate receptors modulate the membrane potential of the Schwann cell of the squid giant nerve fibre.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Axons; Decapodiformes; Dipeptides; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Schwann Cells | 1992 |
Fast inhibitory postsynaptic potentials and responses to inhibitory amino acids of sympathetic preganglionic neurons in the adult cat.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Atropine; Bicuculline; Cats; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Ganglia, Sympathetic; Glycine; Membrane Potentials; Naloxone; Neurons; Phentolamine; Quinoxalines; Spinal Cord; Strychnine; Synapses | 1992 |
The effects of selective glutamate receptor antagonists on synchronized firing bursts in layer III of rat visual cortex.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; In Vitro Techniques; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Reaction Time; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sensitivity and Specificity; Time Factors; Visual Cortex | 1992 |
A simple method for electrical field stimulation of cultured granule cells.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Neurons; Potassium Chloride; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Temperature; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine | 1992 |
The actions of baclofen on neurones and synaptic transmission in the nucleus tractus solitarii of the rat in vitro.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Baclofen; Bicuculline; Brain Stem; Cobalt; Electric Stimulation; Female; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 1992 |
The non-NMDA antagonist CNQX prevents release of amino acids into the rat spinal cord dorsal horn evoked by sciatic nerve stimulation.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Male; Nerve Fibers; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Sciatic Nerve; Spinal Cord; Tetrodotoxin | 1992 |
Inhibition of hippocampal field potentials by GYKI 52466 in vitro and in vivo.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Depression, Chemical; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Membrane Potentials; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stereotaxic Techniques | 1992 |
Factors governing the potentiation of NMDA receptor-mediated responses in hippocampus.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Bicuculline; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; N-Methylaspartate; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Time Factors | 1992 |
Characterization in vivo of the NMDA receptor-mediated component of dentate granule cell population synaptic responses to perforant path input.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Bicuculline; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Hippocampus; Infusions, Parenteral; Male; Quinoxalines; Rabbits; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses | 1992 |
Evidence for two independent mechanisms of GABA release induced by veratridine and glutamate in monolayer cultures of chick embryo retinal cells.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Chick Embryo; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Neurotransmitter Agents; Quinoxalines; Retina; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine | 1992 |
N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) and non-NMDA receptors regulating hippocampal norepinephrine release. I. Location on axon terminals and pharmacological characterization.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Axons; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Magnesium; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Norepinephrine; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synaptosomes | 1992 |
Fast excitatory postsynaptic potentials and the responses to excitant amino acids of sympathetic preganglionic neurons in the slice of the cat spinal cord.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cats; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Ganglia, Sympathetic; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spinal Cord; Synapses | 1992 |
CNQX binding to non-NMDA glutamate receptors in canine cerebro-cortical crude synaptosomal membranes: pharmacological characterization and comparison of binding parameters in dogs with congenital portosystemic encephalopathy and control dogs.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Cerebral Cortex; Dogs; Female; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Male; Membranes; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synaptosomes | 1992 |
Developmental regulation of NMDA receptor-mediated synaptic currents at a central synapse.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aging; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Ion Channels; Magnesium; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Picrotoxin; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Superior Colliculi; Synapses; Time Factors | 1992 |
Increasing binding affinity of agonists to glutamate receptors increases synaptic responses at glutamatergic synapses.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Azides; Binding, Competitive; Glutamates; Hippocampus; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Perchlorates; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Sodium Azide; Sodium Compounds; Synapses; Telencephalon; Thiocyanates | 1992 |
Stimulation of noradrenaline release in human cerebral cortex mediated by N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and non-NMDA receptors.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adult; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Cerebral Cortex; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Glycine; Humans; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Magnesium; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Norepinephrine; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tetrodotoxin; Tritium | 1992 |
Susceptibility of brain to AMPA induced excitotoxicity transiently peaks during early postnatal development.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aging; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Brain; Brain Injuries; Diazepam; Dizocilpine Maleate; Female; Ibotenic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Neurotoxins; Organ Specificity; Phenytoin; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Seizures | 1992 |
Evoked endogenous taurine release from cultured cerebellar neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Dizocilpine Maleate; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Taurine | 1992 |
Developmental changes in the effects of drugs acting at NMDA or non-NMDA receptors on synaptic transmission in the chick cochlear nucleus (nuc. magnocellularis).
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Chick Embryo; Cochlear Nerve; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Embryonic and Fetal Development; Evoked Potentials; Ibotenic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Piperazines; Quinolinic Acid; Quinolinic Acids; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1992 |
Shunting of excitatory input to dentate gyrus granule cells by a depolarizing GABAA receptor-mediated postsynaptic conductance.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Bicuculline; Chlorides; Electrodes; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Interneurons; Ion Channels; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neural Conduction; Neuromuscular Junction; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synapses | 1992 |
Hyperalgesia mediated by spinal glutamate or substance P receptor blocked by spinal cyclooxygenase inhibition.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hyperalgesia; Ibotenic Acid; Injections, Spinal; N-Methylaspartate; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Neurokinin-1; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Receptors, Tachykinin; Substance P | 1992 |
ATP receptor-mediated synaptic currents in the central nervous system.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Acetylcholine; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Bicuculline; Brain; Chlorocebus aethiops; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Ganglionic Blockers; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Ion Channels; Kynurenic Acid; Mecamylamine; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Signal Transduction; Suramin; Tetrodotoxin | 1992 |
Phospholipase A2-induced changes in AMPA receptor: an autoradiographic study.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Autoradiography; Brain; Ibotenic Acid; Male; Oxadiazoles; Phospholipases A; Phospholipases A2; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Tritium | 1992 |
Evidence for a glutamate receptor of the AMPA subtype which mediates insulin release from rat perfused pancreas.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Atropine; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Insulin; Kainic Acid; Male; Pancreas; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Tetrodotoxin | 1992 |
Release of endogenous and newly synthesized glutamate and of other amino acids induced by non-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation in cerebellar granule cell cultures.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Exocytosis; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Taurine | 1991 |
GABAA and excitatory amino acid receptors in dorsomedial hypothalamus and heart rate in rats.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Bicuculline; Blood Pressure; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Heart Rate; Hypothalamus; Kainic Acid; Male; Microinjections; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface | 1991 |
Initiation of epileptiform activity by excitatory amino acid receptors in the disinhibited rat neocortex.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Electricity; Epilepsy; Female; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Picrotoxin; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reaction Time; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1991 |
Cell damage associated with changing the medium of mesencephalic cultures in serum-free medium is mediated via N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Buffers; Cells, Cultured; Culture Media; Dizocilpine Maleate; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Mesencephalon; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1991 |
Distinct muscarinic receptors inhibit release of gamma-aminobutyric acid and excitatory amino acids in mammalian brain.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amygdala; Animals; Brain; Corpus Striatum; Diamines; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Muscarine; Neurons; Nucleus Accumbens; Organ Specificity; Parasympatholytics; Pirenzepine; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Muscarinic; Synapses | 1991 |
Dark-rearing delays the loss of NMDA-receptor function in kitten visual cortex.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aging; Animals; Cats; Darkness; Light; Photic Stimulation; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Visual Cortex; Visual Perception | 1991 |
N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonists prevent kainate neurotoxicity in rat retinal ganglion cells in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Electrophysiology; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Rats; Retinal Ganglion Cells | 1991 |
Electrogenic uptake contributes a major component of the depolarizing action of L-glutamate in rat hippocampal slices.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Biological Transport, Active; Electrophysiology; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Homocysteine; In Vitro Techniques; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Synaptic Transmission | 1991 |
Rods and cones activate different excitatory amino acid receptors on the mudpuppy retinal horizontal cell.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Necturus; Photic Stimulation; Photoreceptor Cells; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Retina; Synaptic Transmission | 1991 |
Neurotoxicity caused by glutamate after subcritical hypoxia is prevented by 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX): an in vitro study using rat hippocampal neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypoxia; Nervous System Diseases; Neurons; Pregnancy; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1991 |
Reduction of GABAA receptor-mediated inhibition by the non-NMDA receptor antagonist 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione in cultured neurons of rat brain.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Bicuculline; Brain; Cadmium; Cells, Cultured; Embryo, Mammalian; Female; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Muscimol; Neuroglia; Neurons; Potassium; Pregnancy; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tetrodotoxin | 1991 |
Synaptic- and agonist-induced excitatory currents of Purkinje cells in rat cerebellar slices.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Bicuculline; Electric Stimulation; Glutamates; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Piperazines; Purkinje Cells; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1991 |
Glutamate-operated channels: developmentally early and mature forms arise by alternative splicing.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Brain; Cerebellum; Gene Expression; Hippocampus; Ibotenic Acid; Neurons; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Oligonucleotide Probes; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; RNA Splicing; RNA, Messenger | 1991 |
Excitatory amino acid receptors coupled to the nitric oxide/cyclic GMP pathway in rat cerebellum during development.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aging; Amino Acids; Animals; Cerebellum; Cyclic GMP; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Nitric Oxide; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Tetrodotoxin | 1991 |
Pretreatment of cerebellar granule cells with concanavalin A potentiates quisqualate-stimulated phosphoinositide hydrolysis.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Cerebellum; Concanavalin A; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Granulocytes; Hydrolysis; Pertussis Toxin; Phosphatidylinositols; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Virulence Factors, Bordetella | 1991 |
Glutamate receptor subtypes mediate excitatory synaptic currents of dopamine neurons in midbrain slices.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Dopamine; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Mecamylamine; Mesencephalon; Neurons; Picrotoxin; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synapses | 1991 |
Regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acidA receptor subunit expression by activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate-selective glutamate receptors.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Base Sequence; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Down-Regulation; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Molecular Sequence Data; Muscimol; N-Methylaspartate; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; RNA, Messenger | 1991 |
Differential intracellular calcium responses to glutamate in type 1 and type 2 cultured brain astrocytes.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; Brain; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Egtazic Acid; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamates; Ibotenic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Kainic Acid; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1991 |
Accumulation of extracellular glutamate and neuronal death in astrocyte-poor cortical cultures exposed to glutamine.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Astrocytes; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Extracellular Space; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Pipecolic Acids; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1991 |
Focal stimulation of the mossy fibers releases endogenous dynorphins that bind kappa 1-opioid receptors in guinea pig hippocampus.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Benzeneacetamides; Binding Sites; Dynorphins; Electric Stimulation; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; Immune Sera; Male; Nerve Fibers; Protease Inhibitors; Pyrrolidines; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Tissue Distribution; Veratridine | 1991 |
Role of excitatory amino acids in mediating burst discharge of red nucleus neurons in the in vitro turtle brain stem-cerebellum.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Brain Stem; Calcium; Cerebellum; Electric Stimulation; In Vitro Techniques; Iontophoresis; Magnesium; Microelectrodes; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Purkinje Cells; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Red Nucleus; Spinal Cord; Turtles | 1991 |
Synaptic responses of guinea pig cingulate cortical neurons in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Baclofen; Bicuculline; Electrophysiology; Epilepsy; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Gyrus Cinguli; Magnesium; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Synapses | 1991 |
Excitatory amino acid antagonists inhibit synaptic responses in the guinea pig hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Quinoxalines; Synapses | 1991 |
2,4,5-trihydroxyphenylalanine in solution forms a non-N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamatergic agonist and neurotoxin.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Chickens; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Eye; In Vitro Techniques; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Ocular Physiological Phenomena; Quinoxalines; Rats | 1991 |
Dorsal root potentials in the isolated frog spinal cord: amino acid neurotransmitters and magnesium ions.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Bicuculline; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Magnesium; Neurons, Afferent; Picrotoxin; Potassium; Potassium Channels; Quinoxalines; Rana pipiens; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Spinal Nerve Roots; Synaptic Transmission | 1991 |
L-homocysteic acid mediates synaptic excitation at NMDA receptors in the hippocampus.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Bicuculline; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; Glycine; Hippocampus; Homocysteine; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1991 |
Quantitative autoradiographic study of L-glutamate binding sites in normal and atrophic human cerebellum.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adolescent; Adult; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Cerebellum; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Ibotenic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Olivopontocerebellar Atrophies; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1991 |
Effects of bromowillardiine and willardiine on non-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in postnatal rat hippocampal neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Alanine; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Hippocampus; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Pyrimidinones; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Uracil | 1991 |
Baclofen and adenosine inhibit synaptic potentials mediated by gamma-aminobutyric acid and glutamate release in rat nucleus accumbens.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Adenosine; Animals; Baclofen; Bicuculline; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Nucleus Accumbens; Phenylisopropyladenosine; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Purinergic; Synapses | 1991 |
Selective blockade of non-NMDA receptors does not block rapidly triggered glutamate-induced neuronal death.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cell Line; Cell Survival; Cerebral Cortex; Fetus; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Kainic Acid; Mice; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1991 |
Cell excitation enhances muscarinic cholinergic responses in rat association cortex.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Atropine; Cadmium; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Carbachol; Cerebral Cortex; Electrophysiology; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Potassium Channels; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Muscarinic; Synapses | 1991 |
Synchronized GABAergic IPSPs recorded in the neocortex after blockade of synaptic transmission mediated by excitatory amino acids.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 4-Aminopyridine; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Bicuculline; Cerebral Cortex; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Picrotoxin; Quinoxalines; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1991 |
Synaptic responses of guinea pig and rat central amygdala neurons in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Acetylcholine; Adenosine; Amino Acids; Amygdala; Animals; Baclofen; Electric Stimulation; Electrodes; Evoked Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Synapses | 1991 |
Presynaptic modulation of glutamate and dynorphin release by excitatory amino acids in the guinea-pig hippocampus.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Dynorphins; Glutamates; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Synapses; Synaptosomes | 1991 |
Potentiation of synaptic reflexes by D-serine in the rat spinal cord in vitro.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; In Vitro Techniques; Magnesium; Quinoxalines; Reflex; Serine; Spinal Cord; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1991 |
Interaction of hypothalamic GABAA and excitatory amino acid receptors controlling heart rate in rats.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Bicuculline; Blood Pressure; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Heart Rate; Hypothalamus; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Picrotoxin; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface | 1991 |
Excitatory synaptic potentials in kainic acid-denervated rat CA1 pyramidal neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Denervation; Evoked Potentials; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses | 1991 |
Hippocampal inputs to identified neurons in an in vitro slice preparation of the rat nucleus accumbens: evidence for feed-forward inhibition.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Bicuculline; Cell Membrane; Electric Stimulation; Hippocampus; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Nucleus Accumbens; Picrotoxin; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Synapses | 1991 |
Pontomedullary glutamate receptors mediating locomotion and muscle tone suppression.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cats; Electric Stimulation; Female; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Motor Activity; Muscles; N-Methylaspartate; Pons; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1991 |
NMDA receptors participate differentially in two different synaptic inputs in neurons of the zebra finch robust nucleus of the archistriatum in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Bicuculline; Birds; Brain; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neurons; Picrotoxin; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Vocalization, Animal | 1991 |
Pharmacological characterization of the quisqualate receptor coupled to phospholipase C (Qp) in striatal neurons.
Topics: 2-Aminoadipic Acid; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Alanine; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Corpus Striatum; Dizocilpine Maleate; Fura-2; Ibotenic Acid; Inositol Phosphates; Kainic Acid; Mice; Neurons; Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate; Phosphoserine; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Type C Phospholipases | 1991 |
GABA release triggered by the activation of neuron-like non-NMDA receptors in cultured type 2 astrocytes is carrier-mediated.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Astrocytes; Carrier Proteins; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Chlorides; Cyclic GMP; GABA Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Ibotenic Acid; Ion Channel Gating; Kainic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Lithium; Lithium Chloride; Membrane Potentials; Membrane Proteins; Membrane Transport Proteins; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Nipecotic Acids; Nitroprusside; Organic Anion Transporters; Proline; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Secretory Rate; Sodium; Stimulation, Chemical | 1991 |
Noradrenaline receptors participate in the regulation of GABAergic inhibition in area CA1 of the rat hippocampus.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Atenolol; Bicuculline; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Evoked Potentials; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Membrane Potentials; Norepinephrine; Propranolol; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Adrenergic; Receptors, GABA-A; Synapses | 1991 |
Roles of glutamate receptors in long-term potentiation at hippocampal mossy fiber synapses.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Alanine; Animals; Evoked Potentials; Hippocampus; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Perfusion; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1991 |
Inhibition of protein kinase activity enhances long-term potentiation of hippocampal IPSPs.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Acetates; Acetic Acid; Animals; Baclofen; Carbazoles; Evoked Potentials; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Indole Alkaloids; Neurons; Picrotoxin; Potentiometry; Protein Kinase C; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Sesterterpenes | 1991 |
Terminal excitability of the corticostriatal pathway. II. Regulation by glutamate receptor stimulation.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 2-Aminoadipic Acid; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Electrophysiology; Glutamates; Kainic Acid; Male; Nerve Endings; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1991 |
Domoic acid enhances the K(+)-evoked release of endogenous glutamate from guinea pig hippocampal mossy fiber synaptosomes.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Drug Synergism; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Male; Nerve Fibers; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Synaptosomes | 1991 |
Developmental changes in the susceptibility to long-term potentiation of neurones in rat visual cortex slices.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aging; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Visual Cortex | 1991 |
Focal stimulation of specific pathways in the rat hippocampus causes a reduction in radioligand binding to the haloperidol-sensitive sigma receptor.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Electric Stimulation; Guanidines; Haloperidol; Hippocampus; Male; Piperidines; Quinoxalines; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, sigma | 1991 |
Bursting discharges in disinhibited amygdala slices: the role of excitatory amino acid receptors.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amygdala; Animals; Bicuculline; Culture Techniques; Electric Stimulation; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface | 1991 |
Activation kinetics reveal the number of glutamate and glycine binding sites on the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Binding Sites; Cells, Cultured; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; Kinetics; Neurons; Osmolar Concentration; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1991 |
Antagonism of non-NMDA receptors augments the neuroprotective effect of NMDA receptor blockade in cortical cultures subjected to prolonged deprivation of oxygen and glucose.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cell Hypoxia; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Culture Media; Dizocilpine Maleate; Fetus; Glucose; Kynurenic Acid; Mice; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1991 |
Agonists selective for phosphoinositide-coupled receptors sensitize neurons to depolarization by L-2-amino-4-phosphonobutanoic acid (L-AP4).
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Carbachol; Cerebral Cortex; Cycloleucine; Hippocampus; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Neurons; Norepinephrine; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear | 1991 |
Pre-Bötzinger complex: a brainstem region that may generate respiratory rhythm in mammals.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Activity Cycles; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Evoked Potentials; In Vitro Techniques; Mammals; Medulla Oblongata; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Respiration | 1991 |
The contribution of non-NMDA and NMDA receptors to graded bursting activity in the CA1 region of the hippocampus in a chronic model of epilepsy.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Bicuculline; Chronic Disease; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Epilepsy; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Male; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1991 |
Cerebellar excitatory amino acid binding sites in normal, granuloprival, and Purkinje cell-deficient mice.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Cerebellar Cortex; Dendrites; Denervation; Ibotenic Acid; Methylazoxymethanol Acetate; Mice; Mice, Neurologic Mutants; Purkinje Cells; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Glycine; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Up-Regulation | 1991 |
Excitatory amino acid receptors mediate synaptic responses to visual stimuli in superior colliculus neurones of the rat.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Ibotenic Acid; Iontophoresis; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Photic Stimulation; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Superior Colliculi; Synapses | 1991 |
Mediation of visual responses in the nucleus of the optic tract in cats and rats by excitatory amino acid receptors.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cats; Evoked Potentials; Evoked Potentials, Visual; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Optic Chiasm; Photic Stimulation; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1991 |
Differential blocking action of Joro spider toxin analog on parallel fiber and climbing fiber synapses in cerebellar Purkinje cells.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cerebellum; Dendrites; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Nerve Fibers; Quinoxalines; Spermine; Spider Venoms; Synapses | 1991 |
Excitatory synapse in the rat hippocampus in tissue culture and effects of aniracetam.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Embryo, Mammalian; Evoked Potentials; Hippocampus; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Pyramidal Tracts; Pyrrolidinones; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Synapses | 1991 |
Differential regulation of cerebellar granule neurons by two types of quisqualate receptors.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Cerebellar Cortex; Cycloleucine; Diltiazem; Glutaminase; Ibotenic Acid; Ion Channel Gating; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Nifedipine; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1991 |
Chelation of postsynaptic Ca2+ facilitates long-term potentiation of hippocampal IPSPs.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Egtazic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; Membrane Potentials; Memory; Picrotoxin; Quinoxalines; Receptors, GABA-A; Sesterterpenes | 1991 |
Excitatory transmission in the basolateral amygdala.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Amino Acids; Amygdala; Animals; Cerebrospinal Fluid; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neurons, Afferent; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1991 |
Inhibitory transmission in the basolateral amygdala.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amygdala; Animals; Baclofen; Bicuculline; Evoked Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Neural Inhibition; Pentobarbital; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1991 |
beta-N-methylamino-L-alanine is a low-affinity agonist of metabotropic glutamate receptors.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids, Diamino; Animals; Carbachol; Cells, Cultured; Corpus Striatum; Cyanobacteria Toxins; Cycloleucine; Dizocilpine Maleate; Embryo, Mammalian; Glutamates; Inositol; Inositol Phosphates; Kinetics; Mice; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1991 |
Glutamate receptor antagonists block cocaine-induced convulsions and death.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Cocaine; Death; Dextrorphan; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamates; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Seizures; Time Factors | 1991 |
Contribution of NMDA receptors to postsynaptic potentials and paired-pulse facilitation in identified neurons of the rat nucleus accumbens in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; In Vitro Techniques; Lysine; Male; Neurons; Neurons, Afferent; Nucleus Accumbens; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1991 |
The involvement of excitatory amino acids in neocortical epileptogenesis: NMDA and non-NMDA receptors.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Bicuculline; Cerebral Cortex; Dizocilpine Maleate; Electric Stimulation; Epilepsy; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1991 |
Receptor sub-types involved in responses of Purkinje cell to exogenous excitatory amino acids and local electrical stimulation in cerebellar slices in the rat.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Bicuculline; Cerebellum; Electric Stimulation; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Purkinje Cells; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1991 |
Failure to detect changes in AMPA receptor binding after long-term potentiation.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Autoradiography; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Time Factors | 1991 |
Glutamate as a putative neurotransmitter in the buccal central pattern generator of Helisoma trivolvis.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cheek; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Motor Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Snails; Synapses | 1991 |
An excitatory amino acid(s) in the ventrolateral medulla is (are) required for breathing to occur in the anesthetized cat.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Cats; Female; Glycine; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Microinjections; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Respiration | 1991 |
Electrophysiological evidence for N-methyl-D-aspartate excitatory amino acid receptors in the rat supraoptic nucleus in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Dizocilpine Maleate; Electrophysiology; Hypothalamus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Membrane Potentials; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Supraoptic Nucleus; Synaptic Transmission | 1991 |
Electrical activity in cerebellar cultures determines Purkinje cell dendritic growth patterns.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; beta-Galactosidase; Biomarkers; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Dendrites; Electrophysiology; Embryo, Mammalian; Evoked Potentials; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Neurons; Purkinje Cells; Quinoxalines; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Virulence Factors, Bordetella | 1991 |
Postsynaptic potentials mediated by excitatory and inhibitory amino acids in interneurons of stratum pyramidale of the CA1 region of rat hippocampal slices in vitro.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Amino Acids; Animals; Baclofen; Bicuculline; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; GABA Antagonists; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Interneurons; Male; Membrane Potentials; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Synapses | 1991 |
NMDA and non-NMDA receptors mediate visual responses of neurons in the cat's lateral geniculate nucleus.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cats; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Geniculate Bodies; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synaptic Transmission; Time Factors; Visual Perception | 1991 |
Pharmacological evidence for N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors on nigrostriatal dopaminergic nerve terminals.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; In Vitro Techniques; Magnesium; Nerve Endings; Phencyclidine; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Substantia Nigra; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin | 1991 |
Trans-ACPD reduces multiple components of synaptic transmission in the rat hippocampus.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cycloleucine; Electrophysiology; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1991 |
GABAB receptor stimulation by baclofen and taurine enhances excitatory amino acid induced phosphatidylinositol turnover in neonatal rat cerebellum.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Baclofen; Calcium; Cerebellum; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Phosphatidylinositols; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, GABA-A; Taurine | 1991 |
N-methyl-D-aspartate and aspartate raise the cytosolic free calcium concentration by acting upon receptors transiently expressed on immature cerebellar Purkinje cells.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aging; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Aspartic Acid; Calcium; Cerebellum; Cytosol; Gallopamil; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glycine; In Vitro Techniques; Magnesium; N-Methylaspartate; Organophosphorus Compounds; Piperazines; Purkinje Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1991 |
Separate mechanisms of long-term potentiation in two input systems to CA3 pyramidal neurons of rat hippocampal slices as revealed by the whole-cell patch-clamp technique.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Dendrites; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Female; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1991 |
Epileptiform activity induced by low extracellular magnesium in the human cortex maintained in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Cerebral Cortex; Electric Stimulation; Epilepsy; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Magnesium; Microelectrodes; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1991 |
Excitotoxicity in the embryonic chick spinal cord.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Amino Acids, Diamino; Animals; beta-Alanine; Chick Embryo; Cyanobacteria Toxins; Dizocilpine Maleate; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Motor Neurons; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Degeneration; Neurotoxins; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Spinal Cord | 1991 |
Central neural mediators of secondary hyperalgesia following heat injury in rats: neuropeptides and excitatory amino acids.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Amino Acids; Animals; Capsaicin; Functional Laterality; Hot Temperature; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Neuronal Plasticity; Neuropeptides; Pain; Quinoxalines; Rats; Reflex; Time Factors | 1991 |
CNQX, a new non-NMDA receptor antagonist, reduces spike wave discharges in the WAG/Rij rat model of absence epilepsy.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Azasteroids; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy, Absence; Female; Injections, Intraventricular; Kainic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Postural Balance; Pregnanediones; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1991 |
Evidence that activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and non-NMDA receptors within the nucleus tractus solitarii triggers swallowing.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Decerebrate State; Deglutition; Facial Nerve; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Medulla Oblongata; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1991 |
Participation of excitatory amino acid receptors in the slow excitatory synaptic transmission in rat spinal dorsal horn.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Female; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Magnesium; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Neurotransmitter Agents; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Spinal Cord; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1991 |
Novel kainate derivatives: potent depolarizing actions on spinal motoneurones and dorsal root fibres in newborn rats.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Motor Neurons; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spinal Cord; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1991 |
Cardiorespiratory responses to glutamatergic antagonists in the caudal ventrolateral medulla of rats.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Blood Pressure; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Hemodynamics; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Microinjections; Neurons; Pressoreceptors; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Reflex; Respiration | 1991 |
Excitatory synaptic involvement in epileptiform bursting in the immature rat neocortex.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aging; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Epilepsy; Evoked Potentials; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Picrotoxin; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Time Factors | 1991 |
Primary afferents evoke excitatory amino acid receptor-mediated EPSPs that are modulated by presynaptic GABAB receptors in lamprey.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Afferent Pathways; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Ibotenic Acid; Interneurons; Kynurenic Acid; Lampreys; Mechanoreceptors; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Skin; Spinal Cord; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1991 |
Neurotoxic activation of glutamate receptors induces an extended neuronal depolarization in cultured hippocampal neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cells, Cultured; Dizocilpine Maleate; Electrophysiology; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1991 |
Serotonin facilitates GABAergic transmission in the CA1 region of rat hippocampus in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Serotonin; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Time Factors | 1991 |
Murine brain macrophages induced NMDA receptor mediated neurotoxicity in vitro by secreting glutamate.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; Brain; Cells, Cultured; Dizocilpine Maleate; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Macrophages; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Neuroglia; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1991 |
Inhibitory effect of 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX) on the micturition reflex in rat.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Female; Injections, Spinal; Isometric Contraction; Male; Muscle, Smooth; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Reflex; Spinal Cord; Urinary Bladder; Urination | 1991 |
Tetanic stimuli induce a short-term enhancement of recurrent inhibition in the CA3 region of guinea-pig hippocampus in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Neural Inhibition; Neuronal Plasticity; Quinoxalines; Synapses | 1991 |
Paroxysmal inhibitory potentials mediated by GABAB receptors in partially disinhibited rat hippocampal slice cultures.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Bicuculline; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Evoked Potentials; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synapses | 1991 |
Mechanisms underlying potentiation of synaptic transmission in rat anterior cingulate cortex in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Corpus Callosum; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Gyrus Cinguli; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neural Pathways; Picrotoxin; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1991 |
Non-NMDA type excitatory amino acid receptors mediate rod input to horizontal cells in the isolated rat retina.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Dark Adaptation; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Photoreceptor Cells; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Amino Acid | 1991 |
Selective effects of aniracetam across receptor types and forms of synaptic facilitation in hippocampus.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Hippocampus; Hydroxybenzoate Ethers; Hydroxybenzoates; Long-Term Potentiation; Pyrrolidines; Pyrrolidinones; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Structure-Activity Relationship; Synaptic Transmission | 1991 |
Excitotoxicity induced by enhanced excitatory neurotransmission in cultured hippocampal pyramidal neurons.
Topics: 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Benzofurans; Calcium; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Electrophysiology; Fluorescent Dyes; Fura-2; Glycine; Hippocampus; Magnesium; Neurons; Nimodipine; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synapses | 1990 |
Regulation of [3H]dopamine release from guinea pig striatum by NMDA receptor/channel activators and inhibitors.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Glycine; Guinea Pigs; Ion Channels; Magnesium; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Piperazines; Pyrrolidines; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Opioid | 1990 |
Glutamate, kainate and quisqualate enhance GABA-dependent chloride uptake in cortex.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Biological Transport; Cerebral Cortex; Chloride Channels; Chlorides; Dizocilpine Maleate; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ion Channels; Kainic Acid; Male; Membrane Proteins; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, GABA-A | 1990 |
Endogenous nitric oxide release required for long-term synaptic depression in the cerebellum.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acid Oxidoreductases; Animals; Arginine; Cerebellum; Cyclic GMP; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hemoglobins; Male; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; omega-N-Methylarginine; Potassium; Purkinje Cells; Pyridines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Synapses | 1991 |
Nonstationary fluctuation analysis and direct resolution of single channel currents at postsynaptic sites.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Electric Conductivity; Electrophysiology; Evoked Potentials; Hippocampus; Ion Channels; Kinetics; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Synapses | 1991 |
Reduction of desensitization of a glutamate ionotropic receptor by antagonists.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; Ion Channels; Membrane Potentials; Oocytes; Purkinje Cells; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Xenopus | 1991 |
Properties of kainate receptor/channels on cultured Bergmann glia.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Calcium; Cell Membrane; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellar Cortex; Chick Embryo; Chlorides; Dipeptides; Ion Channels; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Kynurenic Acid; Models, Neurological; Neuroglia; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Rubidium; Sodium | 1991 |
Two types of kainate response in cultured rat hippocampal neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electricity; Electrophysiology; Hippocampus; Ion Channels; Kainic Acid; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats | 1991 |
Desensitization and resensitization rates of glutamate-activated channels may regulate motoneuron excitability.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Cell Membrane; Chick Embryo; Electrophysiology; Glutamates; Ibotenic Acid; Ion Channels; Kainic Acid; Motor Neurons; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Synaptic Transmission | 1991 |
Single-channel currents underlying glycinergic inhibitory postsynaptic responses in spinal neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Electric Conductivity; Glycine; In Vitro Techniques; Ion Channel Gating; Ion Channels; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Glycine; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Spinal Cord; Synapses | 1991 |
Substance P and NMDA receptors mediate a slow nociceptive ventral root potential in neonatal rat spinal cord.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Nociceptors; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reflex, Monosynaptic; Spinal Nerve Roots; Substance P; Synaptic Transmission | 1991 |
Potentiation of a behavioural response in mice by spinal coadministration of substance P and excitatory amino acid agonists.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Amino Acids; Analgesics; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Drug Synergism; Ibotenic Acid; Injections, Spinal; Kainic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; N-Methylaspartate; Nociceptors; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Substance P | 1991 |
Glutamate receptor agonist-induced inward currents in spinal dorsal horn neurons dissociated from the adult rats.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Ion Channels; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Fibers; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Spinal Cord | 1991 |
Autoradiographic characterization and localization of quisqualate binding sites in rat brain using the antagonist [3H]6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione: comparison with (R,S)-[3H]alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid binding sites.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Autoradiography; Binding Sites; Brain; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Oxadiazoles; Oxazoles; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tissue Distribution | 1990 |
Glutamate neurotoxicity in vitro: antagonist pharmacology and intracellular calcium concentrations.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Intracellular Membranes; Kainic Acid; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Osmolar Concentration; Quinoxalines | 1990 |
CNQX and DNQX block non-NMDA synaptic transmission but not NMDA-evoked locomotion in lamprey spinal cord.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Fishes; Lampreys; Locomotion; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Spinal Cord | 1990 |
Synaptic currents in cerebellar Purkinje cells.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Bicuculline; Cerebellum; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Nerve Fibers; Neural Conduction; Purkinje Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Synapses | 1990 |
Modulation of non-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in cultured cerebellar granule cells.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Cyclic GMP; Granulocytes; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1990 |
Thalamic NMDA receptors and nociceptive sensory synaptic transmission.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Hot Temperature; Male; Nociceptors; Pain; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Thalamus | 1990 |
Slow excitatory amino acid receptor-mediated synaptic transmission in turtle cerebellar Purkinje cells.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Amino Acids; Animals; Cerebellum; Electric Stimulation; Kynurenic Acid; Olivary Nucleus; Purkinje Cells; Quinoxalines; Synaptic Transmission; Turtles | 1990 |
The contribution of the non-N-methyl-D-aspartate group of excitatory amino acid receptors to retinogeniculate transmission in the cat.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Cats; Female; Geniculate Bodies; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Retina; Retinal Ganglion Cells | 1990 |
Glutamate receptors activate Ca2+ mobilization and Ca2+ influx into astrocytes.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; Benzofurans; Brain; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Cerebral Cortex; Fluorescent Dyes; Fura-2; Glutamates; Hippocampus; Ibotenic Acid; Nickel; Nimodipine; Organ Specificity; Oxadiazoles; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1990 |
A slight anticonvulsant effect of CNQX and DNQX as measured by homocysteine- and quisqualate-induced seizures.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Female; Homocysteine; Mice; Oxadiazoles; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Seizures | 1990 |
Excitotoxicity of L-dopa and 6-OH-dopa: implications for Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Chick Embryo; Dibenzocycloheptenes; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dizocilpine Maleate; Hippocampus; Huntington Disease; Levodopa; Neurons; Parkinson Disease; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Retina | 1990 |
Analysis of excitatory synaptic action in pyramidal cells using whole-cell recording from rat hippocampal slices.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Magnesium; Neurons; Phorbol Esters; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Rats; Synapses | 1990 |
The role of excitatory amino acid receptors in the propagation of epileptiform discharges from the entorhinal cortex to the dentate gyrus in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Bicuculline; Cerebral Cortex; Epilepsy; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Magnesium; Male; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1990 |
Differential effects of the excitatory amino acid antagonists, 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX) and 3-((+-)-2-carboxypiperazin-4-yl)-propyl-1-phosphonic acid (CPP), on spinal reflex activity in mice.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; H-Reflex; Male; Mice; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Reflex, Monosynaptic; Spinal Cord | 1990 |
Glycine-insensitive NMDA-sensitive receptor expressed in Xenopus oocytes by guinea pig cerebellar mRNA.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cerebellum; Electric Conductivity; Female; Glycine; Guinea Pigs; Kynurenic Acid; Magnesium; Male; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Oocytes; Phencyclidine; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; RNA, Messenger; Xenopus laevis | 1990 |
Dual-component NMDA receptor currents at a single central synapse.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Electric Conductivity; Glycine; Kinetics; Magnesium; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synapses | 1990 |
A reevaluation of excitatory amino acid-mediated synaptic transmission in rat dentate gyrus.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Female; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synaptic Transmission | 1990 |
A possible role of AA2 excitatory amino acid receptors in the expression of stimulant drug effects.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Amphetamine; Animals; Apomorphine; Behavior, Animal; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Dibenzocycloheptenes; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Glutamates; Mice; Motor Activity; Phencyclidine; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Stereotyped Behavior | 1990 |
NMDA receptors contribute to the resting discharge of vestibular neurons in the normal and hemilabyrinthectomized guinea pig.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Autoradiography; Ear, Inner; Electrophysiology; Female; Guinea Pigs; Male; Neurons; Perfusion; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Vestibule, Labyrinth | 1990 |
Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings of an NMDA receptor-mediated synaptic current in rat hippocampal slices.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Electric Conductivity; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Female; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Neurotoxins; Picrotoxin; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1990 |
Sleep-promoting action of excitatory amino acid antagonists: a different role for thalamic NMDA and non-NMDA receptors.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cats; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Sleep; Thalamic Nuclei; Valine | 1990 |
Effect of 6-cyano-2,3-dihydroxy-7-nitro-quinoxaline (CNQX) on dorsal root-, NMDA-, kainate- and quisqualate-mediated depolarization of rat motoneurones in vitro.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Ganglia, Spinal; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Motor Neurons; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1990 |
Differential blockade of early and late components of acoustic startle following intrathecal infusion of 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX) or D,L-2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid (AP-5).
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Acoustic Stimulation; Animals; Electromyography; Injections, Spinal; Male; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reference Values; Reflex, Startle; Spinal Cord | 1990 |
(2S,3S,4S) alpha-(carboxycyclopropyl)glycine is a novel agonist of metabotropic glutamate receptors.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Amino Acids, Dicarboxylic; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Inositol Phosphates; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synaptosomes | 1990 |
Excitatory amino acid-mediated transmission of inspiratory drive to phrenic motoneurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain Stem; In Vitro Techniques; Inhalation; Kynurenic Acid; Motor Neurons; Phrenic Nerve; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spinal Cord; Synapses | 1990 |
Excitatory synaptic transmission in cultures of rat olfactory bulb.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cells, Cultured; Dipeptides; Electrophysiology; Evoked Potentials; Neurons; Olfactory Bulb; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1990 |
Opioid actions on single nucleus raphe magnus neurons from rat and guinea-pig in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Analgesics; Animals; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Medulla Oblongata; Morphine; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats | 1990 |
Non-NMDA receptors mediate sensory afferent synaptic transmission in medial nucleus tractus solitarius.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Electrophysiology; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Neurons, Afferent; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synaptic Transmission | 1990 |
Action of the anti-ischemic agent ifenprodil on N-methyl-D-aspartate and kainate-mediated excitotoxicity.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Animals; Chick Embryo; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Piperidines; Quinoxalines; Retina | 1990 |
Presynaptic glutamate/quisqualate receptors: effects on synaptosomal free calcium concentrations.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Calcium; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; Male; Phosphoserine; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synapses; Synaptosomes | 1990 |
Role of EPSPs in initiation of spontaneous synchronized burst firing in rat hippocampal neurons bathed in high potassium.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Electrophysiology; Hippocampus; Male; Neurons; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reaction Time | 1990 |
Transcriptional program coordination by N-methyl-D-aspartate-sensitive glutamate receptor stimulation in primary cultures of cerebellar neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; DNA-Binding Proteins; Gene Expression; Immunoblotting; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Phencyclidine; Piperazines; Proto-Oncogene Proteins; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Transcription Factors; Transcription, Genetic | 1990 |
Excitatory synaptic currents in Purkinje cells.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Electric Conductivity; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Fibers; Purkinje Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Synapses | 1990 |
Glutamate, the dominant excitatory transmitter in neuroendocrine regulation.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Axons; Calcium; Electric Stimulation; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hypothalamus; Immunohistochemistry; Kainic Acid; Microscopy, Electron; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Second Messenger Systems; Synapses | 1990 |
Hypoglycemic neurotoxicity in vitro: involvement of excitatory amino acid receptors and attenuation by monosialoganglioside GM1.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cerebellum; G(M1) Ganglioside; Gangliosides; Hypoglycemia; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1990 |
Homomeric GluR1 excitatory amino acid receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Chloride Channels; Ganglia, Spinal; Hippocampus; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Membrane Proteins; Oocytes; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Xenopus | 1990 |
Excitatory postsynaptic potentials in rat neocortical neurons in vitro. III. Effects of a quinoxalinedione non-NMDA receptor antagonist.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Electric Stimulation; Electrodes, Implanted; Evoked Potentials; Horseradish Peroxidase; Iontophoresis; Isoquinolines; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1990 |
A 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine oxidation product is a non-N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamatergic agonist in rat cortical neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Evoked Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats | 1990 |
Autoradiographic distribution of binding sites for the non-NMDA receptor antagonist CNQX in chick brain.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Autoradiography; Binding Sites; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Cell Membrane; Chickens; Ibotenic Acid; Organ Specificity; Quinoxalines; Tritium | 1990 |
Quisqualate-induced changes in extracellular sodium and calcium concentrations persist in the combined presence of NMDA and non-NMDA receptor antagonists in rat hippocampal slices.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Calcium; Evoked Potentials; Extracellular Space; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Ketamine; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sodium | 1990 |
Seizure-like activity and glutamate receptors in hippocampal neurons in culture.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Electrophysiology; Glutamates; Hippocampus; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Seizures; Tetrodotoxin | 1990 |
The epileptiform activity induced by 4-aminopyridine in rat amygdala slices: antagonism by non-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amygdala; Animals; Electrophysiology; Epilepsy; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1990 |
The interactions between plasma membrane depolarization and glutamate receptor activation in the regulation of cytoplasmic free calcium in cultured cerebellar granule cells.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Cell Membrane; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Cycloleucine; Dizocilpine Maleate; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Magnesium; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1990 |
Different classes of glutamate receptors and GABA mediate distinct modulations of a neuronal oscillator, the medullary pacemaker of a gymnotiform electric fish.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Bicuculline; Diencephalon; Electric Fish; Electric Organ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Species Specificity | 1990 |
Synaptic effects of intraspinal stretch receptor neurons mediating movement-related feedback during locomotion.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Evoked Potentials; Feedback; Fluorescent Dyes; In Vitro Techniques; Isoquinolines; Lampreys; Locomotion; Mechanoreceptors; Movement; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Spinal Cord; Synapses | 1990 |
On concanavalin A-treated striatal neurons quisqualate clearly behaves as a partial agonist of a receptor fully activated by kainate.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Concanavalin A; Corpus Striatum; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Mice; Neurons; Pregnancy; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Veratridine | 1990 |
Locally evoked potentials in slices of the rat nucleus accumbens: NMDA and non-NMDA receptor mediated components and modulation by GABA.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Atropine; Axons; Dipeptides; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Nucleus Accumbens; Pentobarbital; Picrotoxin; Pyridostigmine Bromide; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Tubocurarine | 1990 |
The effect of varying stimulus intensity on NMDA-receptor activity in cat visual cortex.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Cats; Electric Stimulation; Electrodes; Hippocampus; Iontophoresis; Neurons; Photic Stimulation; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Visual Cortex | 1990 |
Components of field potentials evoked by white matter stimulation in isolated slices of primary visual cortex: spatial distributions and synaptic order.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Bicuculline; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; In Vitro Techniques; Microcirculation; Neurons; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Rats; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Visual Cortex | 1990 |
Actions of excitatory amino acid antagonists on synaptic inputs to the rat medial vestibular nucleus: an electrophysiological study in vitro.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Brain Stem; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Evoked Potentials; Female; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Neural Pathways; Neurons, Afferent; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Valine; Vestibular Nuclei | 1990 |
GABAB receptors play a major role in paired-pulse facilitation in area CA1 of the rat hippocampus.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Baclofen; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Female; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, GABA-A | 1990 |
Spontaneous and evoked NMDA-receptor mediated potentials in the entorhinal cortex of the neonate rat in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain; Evoked Potentials; In Vitro Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1990 |
Epileptiform activity induced by 4-aminopyridine in rat amygdala neurons: the involvement of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 4-Aminopyridine; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amygdala; Animals; Calcium; Electric Stimulation; Epilepsy; Evoked Potentials; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Membrane Potentials; Microelectrodes; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1990 |
Blockade of synaptic transmission from hair cells to auditory afferent nerves by 6-cyano-2,3-dihydroxy-7-nitroquinoxaline, a selective non-NMDA receptor antagonist.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Acoustic Stimulation; Action Potentials; Animals; Cochlear Microphonic Potentials; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Guinea Pigs; Hair Cells, Auditory; Male; Neurons, Afferent; Quinoxalines; Reaction Time; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Vestibulocochlear Nerve | 1990 |
Contribution of quisqualate/kainate and NMDA receptors to excitatory synaptic transmission in the rat's visual cortex.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Electrophysiology; Evoked Potentials; Kainic Acid; Oxadiazoles; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Visual Cortex | 1990 |
Responses to excitatory amino acids of Purkinje cells' and neurones of the deep nuclei in cerebellar slice cultures.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Amino Acids; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellar Nuclei; Cerebellum; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Purkinje Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats | 1990 |
Amino acid-mediated EPSPs at primary afferent synapses with substantia gelatinosa neurones in the rat spinal cord.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Amino Acids; Animals; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Nerve Fibers; Nerve Fibers, Myelinated; Neurons; Neurons, Afferent; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Spinal Cord; Substantia Gelatinosa; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1990 |
Properties of excitatory postsynaptic currents recorded in vitro from rat hippocampal interneurones.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Interneurons; Nerve Fibers; Neurons, Afferent; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Rats; Synapses; Time Factors | 1990 |
6,7-Dinitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione and 6-nitro,7-cyanoquinoxaline-2,3-dione antagonize responses mediated by N-methyl-D-aspartate and NMDA-associated glycine recognition sites in vivo: measurements of cerebellar cyclic-GMP.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cerebellum; Cyclic AMP; Glycine; Harmaline; Kinetics; Male; Mice; N-Methylaspartate; Pyrrolidinones; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Serine | 1990 |
The glutamate-mediated release of dopamine in the rat striatum: further characterization of the dual excitatory-inhibitory function.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Bicuculline; Caudate Nucleus; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reference Values; Tetrodotoxin; Tritium; Tyrosine | 1990 |
Quantitative autoradiographic analysis of glutamate binding sites in the hippocampal formation in normal and schizophrenic brain post mortem.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adult; Aged; Autoradiography; Female; Glutamates; Hippocampus; Humans; Kainic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; N-Methylaspartate; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Reference Values; Schizophrenia; Tritium | 1990 |
Augmentation by glycine and blockade by 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX) of responses to excitatory amino acids in slices of rat neocortex.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Amino Acids; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Drug Interactions; Electrophysiology; Female; Glycine; Homocysteine; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Male; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Somatosensory Cortex | 1990 |
Development and regulation of excitatory amino acid receptors involved in the release of arachidonic acid in cultured hippocampal neural cells.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aging; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Arachidonic Acid; Arachidonic Acids; Astrocytes; Cells, Cultured; Female; Hippocampus; Ibotenic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Pregnancy; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface | 1990 |
NMDA receptor-independent epileptiform activity induced by magnesium-free solution in rat amygdala neurons is blocked by CNQX.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amygdala; Animals; Culture Media; Electric Stimulation; Epilepsy; In Vitro Techniques; Magnesium Deficiency; Male; Neurons; Osmolar Concentration; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1990 |
Variation in strength of inhibitory synapses in the CA3 region of guinea-pig hippocampus in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Picrotoxin; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Synapses; Time Factors | 1990 |
Further evidence demonstrating that N-methyl-D-aspartate and kainate activate distinct ion channels.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Brain; Dibenzocycloheptenes; Dizocilpine Maleate; Ion Channels; Membrane Potentials; Oocytes; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; RNA, Messenger; Xenopus laevis | 1989 |
N-methyl-D-aspartate/glycine and quisqualate/kainate receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes: antagonist pharmacology.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Oocytes; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glycine; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Valine | 1989 |
Temporally distinct pre- and post-synaptic mechanisms maintain long-term potentiation.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Hippocampus; Ibotenic Acid; Quinoxalines; Rats; Synapses | 1989 |
Activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors contributes to the EPSP at perforant path synapses in the rat dentate gyrus in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Electrophysiology; Evoked Potentials; Hippocampus; Picrotoxin; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Valine | 1989 |
6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione as an excitatory amino acid antagonist in area CA1 of rat hippocampus.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Binding, Competitive; Female; Hippocampus; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Oxadiazoles; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Synapses | 1989 |
L-alpha-aminodipate antagonizes the priming effect of quisqualate in hippocampal slices.
Topics: 2-Aminoadipic Acid; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids, Dicarboxylic; Animals; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Oxadiazoles; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1989 |
Direct evidence that excitotoxicity in cultured neurons is mediated via N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) as well as non-NMDA receptors.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1989 |
Interaction of 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione with the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-associated glycine binding site.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cells, Cultured; Glycine; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Glycine; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1989 |
Two distinct quisqualate receptors regulate Ca2+ homeostasis in hippocampal neurons in vitro.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Homeostasis; In Vitro Techniques; Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate; Inositol Phosphates; Mice; Oxadiazoles; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synapses | 1989 |
Synaptic activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate and non-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in the mossy fibre pathway in adult and immature rat cerebellar slices.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Aging; Animals; Cerebellum; Female; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Valine | 1989 |
Role of excitatory amino acid receptors in synaptic transmission in area CA1 of rat hippocampus.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Neurons; Picrotoxin; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Valine | 1989 |
CNQX (6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione) antagonizes NMDA-evoked [3H]GABA release from cultured cortical neurons via an inhibitory action at the strychnine-insensitive glycine site.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glycine; Kainic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Strychnine | 1989 |
Quinoxaline derivatives are high-affinity antagonists of the NMDA receptor-associated glycine sites.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Glycine; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1989 |
Delayed increase of Ca2+ influx elicited by glutamate: role in neuronal death.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Biological Transport; Calcium; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Protein Kinase C; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1989 |
Quisqualate neurotoxicity: a delayed, CNQX-sensitive process triggered by a CNQX-insensitive mechanism in young rat hippocampal slices.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Oxadiazoles; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1989 |
The quinoxalinediones antagonise the visual firing of sustained retinal ganglion cells.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cats; In Vitro Techniques; Iontophoresis; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Retina; Retinal Ganglion Cells | 1989 |
Delayed rescue of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated neuronal injury in cortical culture.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Mice; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Sodium; Valine | 1989 |
Primary afferent depolarization in the rat spinal cord is mediated by pathways utilising NMDA and non-NMDA receptors.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Ganglia, Spinal; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Neurons, Afferent; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Valine | 1989 |
The quinoxalinediones DNOX, CNOX and two related congeners suppress hair cell-to-auditory nerve transmission.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Guinea Pigs; Hair Cells, Auditory; Male; Quinoxalines; Reaction Time; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Synaptic Transmission; Vestibulocochlear Nerve | 1989 |
Quantitative physiological characterization of a quinoxalinedione non-NMDA receptor antagonist.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cells, Cultured; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electrophysiology; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Mathematics; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Oxadiazoles; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Synapses | 1989 |
Function of non-NMDA receptors and NMDA receptors in synaptic responses to natural somatosensory stimulation in the ventrobasal thalamus.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Amino Acids; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Male; Neurons, Afferent; Physical Stimulation; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Thalamic Nuclei | 1989 |
Mercuric ions are potent noncompetitive antagonists of human brain kainate receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cysteine; Electric Conductivity; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Mercury; Oocytes; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Recombinant Proteins; Sulfhydryl Reagents; Xenopus laevis | 1989 |
Non-NMDA glutamate receptor antagonist 3H-CNOX binds with equal affinity to two agonist states of quisqualate receptors.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Binding Sites; Cerebral Cortex; Glutamates; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Molecular Weight; Oxadiazoles; Protein Conformation; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Temperature | 1989 |
Excitatory amino acid-mediated components of synaptically evoked input from dorsal roots to deep dorsal horn neurons in the rat spinal cord slice.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Magnesium; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Spinal Nerve Roots | 1989 |
Participation of excitatory amino acid receptors in the slow excitatory synaptic transmission in the rat spinal dorsal horn in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Electric Stimulation; In Vitro Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Spinal Cord | 1989 |
Effects of new non-N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonists on synaptic transmission in the in vitro rat hippocampus.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Evoked Potentials; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Oxadiazoles; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1989 |
Two pharmacological classes of quisqualate-induced electrical responses in rat retinal ganglion cells in vitro.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Electrophysiology; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Oxadiazoles; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Retina; Retinal Ganglion Cells | 1989 |
Involvement of non-NMDA receptors in picrotoxin-induced epileptiform activity in the hippocampus.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Epilepsy; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Picrotoxin; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface | 1989 |
Excitatory amino acid receptors in the parallel fibre pathway in rat cerebellar slices.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Cerebellum; Electric Stimulation; In Vitro Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface | 1989 |
Excitation of hippocampal neurons by stimulation of glutamate Qp receptors.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Cycloleucine; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Hippocampus; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neurons; Oxadiazoles; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1989 |
Responses of spinal dorsal horn neurones evoked by myelinated primary afferent stimulation are blocked by excitatory amino acid antagonists acting at kainate/quisqualate receptors.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Amino Acids; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Anterior Horn Cells; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Kynurenic Acid; Myelin Sheath; Neurons, Afferent; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Spinal Cord | 1989 |
Effects of CNQX, APB, PDA, and kynurenate on horizontal cells of the tiger salamander retina.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Light; Membrane Potentials; Photoreceptor Cells; Pipecolic Acids; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Retina; Urodela | 1989 |
Evidence for a single glutamate receptor of the ionotropic kainate/quisqualate type.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Ibotenic Acid; Ion Channel Gating; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Protein Conformation; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Xenopus laevis | 1989 |
A new and specific non-NMDA receptor antagonist, FG 9065, blocks L-AP4-evoked depolarization in rat cerebral cortex.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cerebral Cortex; Evoked Potentials; In Vitro Techniques; N-Methylaspartate; Oxadiazoles; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1988 |
Quinoxalinediones: potent competitive non-NMDA glutamate receptor antagonists.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Binding, Competitive; Cell Membrane; Cerebral Cortex; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Ketamine; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Drug; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Spinal Cord | 1988 |
Blockade of excitatory synaptic transmission by 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX) in the hippocampus in vitro.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Aspartic Acid; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Neural Inhibition; Oxadiazoles; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Synaptic Transmission | 1988 |
6,7-Dinitro-quinoxaline-2,3-dion and 6-nitro,7-cyano-quinoxaline-2,3-dion antagonise responses to NMDA in the rat spinal cord via an action at the strychnine-insensitive glycine receptor.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Glycine; In Vitro Techniques; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Glycine; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Spinal Cord; Strychnine | 1988 |
Direct demonstration of an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor mediated component of excitatory synaptic transmission in area CA1 of the rat hippocampus.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1988 |
Antagonism of spontaneous and evoked bursts by 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX) in the CA3 region of the in vitro hippocampus.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Male; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reaction Time | 1988 |
Quinoxalinediones selectively block quisqualate and kainate receptors and synaptic events in rat neocortex and hippocampus and frog spinal cord in vitro.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Anura; Cerebral Cortex; Electric Stimulation; Epilepsy; Evoked Potentials; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Oxadiazoles; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Spinal Cord; Synapses | 1988 |
The kainate/quisqualate receptor antagonist, CNQX, blocks the fast component of spontaneous epileptiform activity in organotypic cultures of rat hippocampus.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Culture Techniques; Electric Stimulation; Hippocampus; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1988 |
A persistent postsynaptic modification mediates long-term potentiation in the hippocampus.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Glutamates; Hippocampus; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1988 |
Activation of metabotropic glutamate receptors induces an inward current in rat dopamine mesencephalic neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Alanine; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Cycloleucine; Dopamine; Electrophysiology; Female; Glycine; Male; Neurons; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Stimulation, Chemical; Tetrodotoxin | 1993 |
Functional kainate-selective glutamate receptors in cultured hippocampal neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Calcium; Cell Membrane Permeability; Cells, Cultured; Embryo, Mammalian; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate | 1993 |
Pharmacological evidence for involvement of excitatory amino acids in aversive responses induced by intrathecal substance P in rats.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Biphenyl Compounds; Injections, Spinal; Kainic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurokinin-1; Substance P | 1993 |
Simultaneous local pressure microejection of excitatory amino acids and field potential recording with a single micropipette in the hippocampal slice.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Amino Acids; Animals; Electrophysiology; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Injections, Jet; Iontophoresis; Microinjections; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tetrodotoxin | 1993 |
Enhancement of AMPA-mediated synaptic transmission by the protein phosphatase inhibitor calyculin A in rat hippocampal slices.
Topics: 1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Isoquinolines; Long-Term Potentiation; Magnesium; Marine Toxins; Oxazoles; Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, AMPA; Synaptic Transmission | 1993 |
Multivesicular release from excitatory synapses of cultured hippocampal neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 4-Aminopyridine; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adenosine; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Baclofen; Cells, Cultured; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Hippocampus; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses | 1994 |
Activation of alpha-adrenoceptors indirectly facilitates sodium pumping in frog motoneurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Amino Acids; Animals; Clonidine; Motor Neurons; N-Methylaspartate; Norepinephrine; Prazosin; Propranolol; Quinoxalines; Rana pipiens; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; Spinal Cord; Tetrodotoxin | 1993 |
Evidence that GYKI 52466, a novel non-NMDA antagonist enhances the decay of kainate-induced current in cultured chicken cortical neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Cerebral Cortex; Chick Embryo; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Ion Channels; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Quinoxalines | 1994 |
A comparison of non-NMDA receptor channels in type-2 astrocytes and granule cells from rat cerebellum.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Astrocytes; Calcium; Cerebellum; Concanavalin A; Cytoplasmic Granules; Electrophysiology; In Vitro Techniques; Ion Channels; Kainic Acid; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Amino Acid | 1994 |
Involvement of substance P and excitatory amino acids in aversive behavior elicited by intrathecal capsaicin.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Biphenyl Compounds; Capsaicin; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Injections, Spinal; Male; Nociceptors; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reinforcement, Psychology; Substance P; Synaptic Transmission | 1994 |
A functional role for nitric oxide in locus coeruleus: immunohistochemical and electrophysiological studies.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acid Oxidoreductases; Animals; Arginine; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Evoked Potentials; Hemoglobins; Immunohistochemistry; In Vitro Techniques; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Microscopy, Electron; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; omega-N-Methylarginine; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 1994 |
Importance of nitric oxide for local increases of blood flow in rat cerebellar cortex during electrical stimulation.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adenosine; Amino Acid Oxidoreductases; Amino Acids; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Arginine; Carbon Dioxide; Cerebellar Cortex; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Isomerism; Magnesium; Male; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitroarginine; Nitroprusside; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Regional Blood Flow; Tetrodotoxin | 1994 |
Expression of non-NMDA glutamate receptor channel genes by clonal human neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Base Sequence; Blotting, Southern; Cell Differentiation; Clone Cells; DNA Primers; Gene Expression; Humans; Ion Channels; Kainic Acid; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Molecular Sequence Data; Neurons; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Teratocarcinoma; Tretinoin; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 1994 |
Glutamatergic control of dopamine release during stress in the rat prefrontal cortex.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Dopamine; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Extracellular Space; Male; Microdialysis; Pain; Prefrontal Cortex; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Stress, Psychological | 1994 |
Effects of NMDA- and AMPA-receptor antagonists on different forms of epileptiform activity in rat temporal cortex slices.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Dextrorphan; Epilepsy; Evoked Potentials; Extracellular Space; Female; Hippocampus; Ion Channels; Magnesium; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Temporal Lobe | 1994 |
The effect of experimental ischaemia and excitatory amino acid agonists on the GABA and serotonin immunoreactivities in the rabbit retina.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Cycloleucine; Dextromethorphan; Eye Proteins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Intraocular Pressure; Ischemia; Kainic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Memantine; N-Methylaspartate; Oxygen; Potassium Cyanide; Quinoxalines; Rabbits; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Retina; Retinal Vessels; Serotonin | 1994 |
Kainate binding to the AMPA receptor in rat brain.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Cell Membrane; Cytosol; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Male; Protein Binding; Quinoxalines; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA | 1994 |
The effects of L-glutamate, AMPA, quisqualate, and kainate on retinal horizontal cells depend on adaptational state: implications for rod-cone interactions.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adaptation, Physiological; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Dopamine; Electric Conductivity; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Kainic Acid; Light; Male; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Retina; Retinal Rod Photoreceptor Cells; Xenopus laevis | 1994 |
CNQX infused into entorhinal cortex blocks memory expression, and AMPA reverses the effect.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Behavior, Animal; Exploratory Behavior; Hippocampus; Injections; Memory; Motor Activity; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA | 1994 |
The importance of two specific domains in ligand binding to the AMPA/kainate glutamate receptors GluR2 and GluR6.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Binding Sites; Blotting, Western; Calcium; Cell Line; Cricetinae; Gene Expression; Kainic Acid; Kidney; Quinoxalines; Radioligand Assay; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Transfection; Tritium | 1995 |
A glutamate-activated chloride current in cone-driven ON bipolar cells of the white perch retina.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Chloride Channels; Chlorides; Cycloleucine; Dendrites; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Neurotoxins; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Perches; Picrotoxin; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Retina; Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells; Strychnine | 1995 |
Characterization of the binding of [3H]NS 257, a novel competitive AMPA receptor antagonist, to rat brain membranes and brain sections.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Autoradiography; Binding, Competitive; Cell Membrane; Cerebral Cortex; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Indoles; Kainic Acid; Male; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Sulfonamides; Thiocyanates; Tritium | 1995 |
Binding of the new radioligand (S)-[3H]AMPA to rat brain synaptic membranes: effects of a series of structural analogues of the non-NMDA receptor agonist willardiine.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Alanine; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Brain; Cycloleucine; Male; Pyrimidinones; Quinoxalines; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Stereoisomerism; Synaptic Membranes; Tritium; Uracil | 1995 |
Kainate/AMPA receptor antagonists are anticonvulsant against the tonic hindlimb component of pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures in developing rats.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aging; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Behavior, Animal; Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic; Hindlimb; Male; Muscle Tonus; Pentylenetetrazole; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Seizures; Synaptic Transmission | 1995 |
NMDA and non-NMDA receptors on rat supraoptic nucleus neurons activated monosynaptically by olfactory afferents.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Female; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Neurons; Neurons, Afferent; Olfactory Pathways; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Supraoptic Nucleus; Synapses | 1995 |
Single channel properties at the synaptic site.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Hippocampus; Ion Channels; Kinetics; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Strychnine; Synapses | 1993 |
Actions of agonists of metabotropic glutamate receptors on synaptic transmission and transmitter release in the olfactory cortex.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Amino Acids; Animals; Cycloleucine; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Neurotransmitter Agents; Olfactory Bulb; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1993 |
Thiocyanate equally increases affinity for two DL-alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor states.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Binding Sites; Brain; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Thiocyanates | 1993 |
Glutamate dehydrogenase improves binding of [3H]CGP39653 to NMDA receptors in the autoradiographic assay.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Autoradiography; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1993 |
Glutamate receptor-induced 45Ca2+ accumulation in cortical cell culture correlates with subsequent neuronal degeneration.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Radioisotopes; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate | 1993 |
Glutamate receptor agonists enhance the expression of BDNF mRNA in cultured cerebellar granule cells.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Kynurenic Acid; Molecular Weight; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Growth Factors; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA; RNA, Messenger; Tetrodotoxin; Transcription, Genetic | 1993 |
Glutamate receptor-induced cyclic GMP formation in primary cultures of mesencephalic neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Amino Acid Oxidoreductases; Animals; Arginine; Carbachol; Cells, Cultured; Cyclic GMP; Fetus; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Mesencephalon; Mice; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitroarginine; Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate | 1993 |
Voltage- and transmitter-gated currents of all-amacrine cells in a slice preparation of the rat retina.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Cobalt; Electrophysiology; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Ion Channel Gating; Ion Channels; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Potassium Channels; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Amino Acid; Retina; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Sodium Channels; Strychnine; Synapses; Tetraethylammonium; Tetraethylammonium Compounds; Tetrodotoxin | 1993 |
Beta-N-methylamino-L-alanine in the presence of bicarbonate is an agonist at non-N-methyl-D-aspartate-type receptors.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids, Diamino; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Bicarbonates; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cyanobacteria Toxins; Electrophysiology; Female; Hippocampus; Ion Channels; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Pregnancy; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1993 |
NMDA-activated currents in Bergmann glial cells.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Cell Membrane; Cerebellum; In Vitro Techniques; Ion Channels; Ketamine; Mice; N-Methylaspartate; Neuroglia; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1993 |
A novel mechanism of AMPA receptor regulation: ionically triggered kinases and phosphatases.
Topics: 1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Calcium; Chlorides; Glycerophosphates; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Isoquinolines; Peptides; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; Piperazines; Potassium; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Protein Kinases; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Sodium; Tamoxifen; Vanadates | 1993 |
Identification of glutamate receptor subtypes mediating inputs to bipolar cells and ganglion cells in the tiger salamander retina.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Ambystoma; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Glutamates; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Photic Stimulation; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Retina; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Synapses | 1993 |
Estimated conductance of glutamate receptor channels activated during EPSCs at the cerebellar mossy fiber-granule cell synapse.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Cerebellum; Electric Conductivity; Granulocytes; In Vitro Techniques; Ion Channels; Nerve Fibers; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses | 1993 |
Amyloid beta-protein activates tachykinin receptors and inositol trisphosphate accumulation by synergy with glutamate.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acid Sequence; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Analgesics; Animals; Calcium; Drug Synergism; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate; Kinetics; Molecular Sequence Data; Neurons; Oocytes; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurokinin-1; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; RNA, Messenger; Sodium; Substance P; Xenopus | 1993 |
Photostimulation using caged glutamate reveals functional circuitry in living brain slices.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aging; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Brain; Cats; Evoked Potentials; Ferrets; Glutamates; Hippocampus; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Neurons; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Rats; Somatosensory Cortex; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Ultraviolet Rays; Visual Cortex | 1993 |
Glutamate stimulates glucagon secretion via an excitatory amino acid receptor of the AMPA subtype in rat pancreas.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Glucagon; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Islets of Langerhans; Kainic Acid; Male; Pancreas; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1993 |
Differential effects of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and non-NMDA receptor antagonists on the responses of rat spinal neurons with joint input.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Ibotenic Acid; Ketamine; Male; Neurons; Pain; Physical Stimulation; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spinal Cord | 1993 |
Excitatory amino acid receptor mediation of sensory inputs to functionally identified dorsal horn neurons in cat spinal cord.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Cats; Decerebrate State; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Ketamine; Kynurenic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spinal Cord; Synapses | 1993 |
Facilitatory effects of substance P on the susceptibility to long-term potentiation in the visual cortex of adult rats.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Biphenyl Compounds; Evoked Potentials; Guanosine Diphosphate; In Vitro Techniques; Long-Term Potentiation; Membrane Potentials; Quinoxalines; Rats; Substance P; Synapses; Thionucleotides; Visual Cortex | 1993 |
Glutamate receptor-mediated currents and toxicity in embryonal carcinoma cells.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Carcinoma, Embryonal; Cell Differentiation; Dizocilpine Maleate; Electrophysiology; Female; Immunohistochemistry; Indicators and Reagents; Ion Channels; Kainic Acid; Mice; N-Methylaspartate; Neuroglia; Neurons; Pregnancy; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tretinoin; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 1993 |
The contributions of NMDA, non-NMDA, and GABA receptors to postsynaptic responses in neurons of the optic tectum.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rana pipiens; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, GABA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Superior Colliculi; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Thalamus | 1993 |
Gamma-D-glutamylaminomethyl sulfonic acid (GAMS) distinguishes kainic acid- from AMPA-induced responses in Xenopus oocytes expressing chick brain glutamate receptors.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Chick Embryo; Electrophysiology; Glutamine; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Oocytes; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; RNA, Messenger; Xenopus | 1993 |
Effects of L-glutamate, substance P and substance P(1-7) on cardiovascular regulation in the nucleus tractus solitarius.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Blood Pressure; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Heart Rate; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Molecular Sequence Data; N-Methylaspartate; Peptide Fragments; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reference Values; Stereotaxic Techniques; Substance P | 1993 |
Primary afferent-evoked slow EPSPs and responses to substance P of dorsal horn neurons in the adult rat spinal cord slices.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Afferent Pathways; Analgesics; Animals; Cobalt; Evoked Potentials; In Vitro Techniques; Nerve Fibers; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Spinal Cord; Substance P; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1993 |
Intra-nigra infusion of AMPA attenuates dopamine-dependent rotation in the rat.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Apomorphine; Dopamine; Dopamine Agents; Dopamine Antagonists; Injections; Male; Motor Activity; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Rotation; Stereotyped Behavior; Substantia Nigra; Thalamic Nuclei; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 1993 |
Activation of p42 mitogen-activated protein kinase by glutamate receptor stimulation in rat primary cortical cultures.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adenosine Triphosphate; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Cyclopentanes; Cytosol; Enzyme Activation; Fetus; Molecular Sequence Data; Neurons; Oligopeptides; Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate; Picrotoxin; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Substrate Specificity; Synapses | 1993 |
Stimulation of oxytocin release in the lactating rat by central excitatory amino acid mechanisms: evidence for specific involvement of R,S-alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid-sensitive glutamate receptors.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Amino Acids; Animals; Brain; Calcium Channel Blockers; Female; Lactation; Oxytocin; Prolactin; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Glutamate; Sodium Channel Blockers; Vasopressins | 1993 |
Stimulation of oxytocin release in the lactating rat by a central interaction of alpha 1-adrenergic and alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid-sensitive excitatory amino acid mechanisms.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Amino Acids; Animals; Brain; Drug Synergism; Female; Lactation; Oxytocin; Phenylephrine; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha; Supraoptic Nucleus | 1993 |
An in vivo pharmacological study of single group Ia fibre contacts with motoneurones in the cat spinal cord.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cats; Dendrites; Electrophysiology; Motor Neurons; Neural Pathways; Quinoxalines; Spinal Cord; Synapses; Time Factors | 1994 |
Presynaptic influence on the time course of fast excitatory synaptic currents in cultured hippocampal cells.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Benzothiadiazines; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kinetics; Magnesium; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Time Factors | 1995 |
Effects of some excitatory amino acid antagonists on imipenem-induced seizures in DBA/2 mice.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acids; Glutamine; Imipenem; Kynurenic Acid; Mice; Mice, Inbred DBA; Muscimol; Piperazines; Piperidines; Quinoxalines; Seizures | 1995 |
Effects of glutamatergic agonists and antagonists on membrane potential and intracellular Na+ activity of leech glial and nerve cells.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Kainic Acid; Leeches; Membrane Potentials; Neuroglia; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Sodium | 1994 |
Interaction of guanine nucleotides with [3H]kainate and 6-[3H]cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione binding in goldfish brain.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adenine Nucleotides; Animals; Autoradiography; Binding Sites; Brain; Cell Membrane; Goldfish; Guanine Nucleotides; Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate); Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Magnesium; Quinoxalines; Radioligand Assay; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Sodium; Tritium | 1993 |
nMDA receptor activation increases cyclic AMP in area CA1 of the hippocampus via calcium/calmodulin stimulation of adenylyl cyclase.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 4-(3-Butoxy-4-methoxybenzyl)-2-imidazolidinone; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adenylyl Cyclases; Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Calcium; Calmodulin; Cell Membrane; Colforsin; Cyclic AMP; Deoxyadenosines; Dopamine; Enzyme Activation; Evoked Potentials; Glycine; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Isoproterenol; Kinetics; Models, Neurological; N-Methylaspartate; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sulfonamides; Theophylline; Trifluoperazine | 1993 |
Stress-induced dopamine release in the neostriatum: evaluation of the role of action potentials in nigrostriatal dopamine neurons or local initiation by endogenous excitatory amino acids.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Electroshock; Homovanillic Acid; Kainic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Neostriatum; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stress, Psychological; Substantia Nigra; Tetrodotoxin | 1993 |
On the synchronous activity induced by 4-aminopyridine in the CA3 subfield of juvenile rat hippocampus.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Age Factors; Animals; Culture Techniques; Evoked Potentials; Hippocampus; Neuroglia; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA; Synaptic Transmission | 1993 |
Excitatory amino acid neurotransmission at sensory-motor and interneuronal synapses of Aplysia californica.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Aplysia; Calcium Channels; Central Nervous System; Ganglia, Invertebrate; Homocysteine; Interneurons; Motor Activity; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sensory Receptor Cells; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1993 |
Localized excitatory synaptic interactions mediate the sustained depolarization of electrographic seizures in developing hippocampus.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Dendrites; Evoked Potentials; GABA Antagonists; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Rats; Seizures; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1993 |
Kinetic properties of NMDA receptor-mediated synaptic currents in rat hippocampal pyramidal cells versus interneurones.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cadmium; Calcium; Electrophysiology; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Interneurons; Ion Channel Gating; Kinetics; Magnesium; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1993 |
Synaptic inhibition in primary and secondary chronic epileptic foci induced by intrahippocampal tetanus toxin in the rat.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Electrophysiology; Epilepsy; Evoked Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Injections; Male; Potassium; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stereotaxic Techniques; Synapses; Tetanus Toxin | 1993 |
Glutamatergic and non-glutamatergic responses evoked in neonatal rat lumbar motoneurons on stimulation of the lateroventral spinal cord surface.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Bicuculline; Citalopram; Cocaine; Desipramine; Electric Stimulation; Ergolines; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; In Vitro Techniques; Ketanserin; Membrane Potentials; Motor Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate; Serotonin Antagonists; Spinal Cord; Strychnine; Synapses | 1993 |
Nicotinic and muscarinic modulations of excitatory synaptic transmission in the rat prefrontal cortex in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Atropine; Bungarotoxins; Cerebral Cortex; Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mecamylamine; Membrane Potentials; Muscarine; Neurons; Nicotine; Pirenzepine; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Scopolamine; Synaptic Transmission; Tubocurarine | 1993 |
Rat cerebellar cortex in vitro responds specifically to moving stimuli.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cerebellar Cortex; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Evoked Potentials; In Vitro Techniques; Nerve Fibers; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tetrodotoxin | 1993 |
D-2-amino-5-phosphonovaleate blocks induction of long-term depression of the NMDA receptor-mediated synaptic component in rat hippocampus.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Picrotoxin; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses | 1993 |
Contribution of NMDA receptors to tetanus-induced increase in postsynaptic Ca2+ in visual cortex of young rats.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Female; Fluorescent Dyes; Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Long-Term Potentiation; Male; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Synapses; Visual Cortex | 1993 |
Billion-fold difference in the toxic potencies of two excitatory plant amino acids, L-BOAA and L-BMAA: biochemical and morphological studies using mouse brain slices.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids, Diamino; Animals; beta-Alanine; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Cyanobacteria Toxins; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Histocytochemistry; In Vitro Techniques; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Mice; Neurotoxins; Paraffin Embedding; Plants; Potassium; Quinoxalines | 1993 |
Local administration of EAA antagonists blocks light-induced phase shifts and c-fos expression in hamster SCN.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Activity Cycles; Animals; Circadian Rhythm; Cricetinae; Dizocilpine Maleate; Gene Expression; Genes, fos; Light; Male; Mesocricetus; Microinjections; Motor Activity; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Quinoxalines; Stereotaxic Techniques; Suprachiasmatic Nucleus | 1993 |
Excitatory amino acid-induced phosphoinositide hydrolysis in Müller glia.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Chickens; Dizocilpine Maleate; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hydrolysis; Inositol Phosphates; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Neuroglia; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, Amino Acid; Retina; Tritium | 1993 |
Metabotropic glutamate receptors mediate a post-tetanic excitation of guinea-pig hippocampal inhibitory neurones.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Cycloleucine; Electric Stimulation; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Neurons, Afferent; Picrotoxin; Potassium Chloride; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Synapses | 1993 |
Calcium-mediated damage following hypoxia in cerebral cortex ex vivo studied by NMR spectroscopy. Evidence for direct involvement of voltage-gated Ca(2+)-channels.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels; Cerebral Cortex; Diltiazem; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Hydrogen; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hypoxia; In Vitro Techniques; Magnesium; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Phosphocreatine; Phosphorus; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1993 |
NMDA receptor antagonist decreases the progesterone-induced increase in GnRH gene expression in the rat hypothalamus.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Dizocilpine Maleate; Estrogens; Female; Gene Expression Regulation; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; Hypothalamus; Ovariectomy; Ovary; Progesterone; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission | 1993 |
GABAA- and GABAB-mediated inhibition in the rat dentate gyrus in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Baclofen; Bicuculline; Electric Stimulation; Epilepsy; Evoked Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Membrane Potentials; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, GABA-B; Synapses | 1993 |
Pharmacological and electrographic properties of epileptiform activity induced by elevated K+ and lowered Ca2+ and Mg2+ concentration in rat hippocampal slices.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Carbachol; Electrophysiology; Epilepsy; Evoked Potentials; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Magnesium; Membrane Potentials; Microelectrodes; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Potassium; Pyramidal Tracts; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Temperature | 1993 |
Electrophysiological properties of neurons in the rat subiculum in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Evoked Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Synapses | 1993 |
GABAA and glutamate receptor involvement in dendrodendritic synaptic interactions from salamander olfactory bulb.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Ambystoma; Animals; Bicuculline; Dendrites; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Histocytochemistry; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; In Vitro Techniques; Interneurons; Ion Channel Gating; Neural Pathways; Olfactory Bulb; Olfactory Nerve; Picrotoxin; Quinoxalines; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Glutamate; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1993 |
Enhancement of NMDA receptor-mediated synaptic potential by isoproterenol is blocked by Rp-adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphothioate.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amygdala; Animals; Colforsin; Cyclic AMP; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; Evoked Potentials; In Vitro Techniques; Isoproterenol; Neurons; Picrotoxin; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Thionucleotides | 1993 |
Inward rectifier and low-threshold calcium currents contribute to the spontaneous firing mechanism in neurons of the rat suprachiasmatic nucleus.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Barium; Cadmium; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Cesium; Cobalt; Electric Stimulation; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred WKY; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Suprachiasmatic Nucleus | 1993 |
Mechanisms of anoxia-induced depolarization in brainstem neurons: in vitro current and voltage clamp studies in the adult rat.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Brain Stem; Dizocilpine Maleate; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia, Brain; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Microelectrodes; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Quinoxalines; Rats; Sodium | 1993 |
Serotonergic inhibition of the mossy fibre--granule cell glutamate transmission in rat cerebellar slices.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amphetamines; Animals; Cerebellum; Cyclic AMP; Cytoplasmic Granules; In Vitro Techniques; Ketanserin; Male; Methiothepin; Nerve Fibers; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Serotonin; Serotonin Antagonists; Serotonin Receptor Agonists; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 1993 |
Optimal expression of cloned NMDAR1/NMDAR2A heteromeric glutamate receptors: a biochemical characterization.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Cell Death; Cell Line; Cloning, Molecular; Humans; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Molecular Sequence Data; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Transfection | 1993 |
Spatial distribution of excitatory and inhibitory synapses on a Purkinje cell in a rat cerebellar culture.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Bicuculline; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Electrophysiology; Female; Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate; Immunohistochemistry; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Nerve Endings; Pregnancy; Purkinje Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Synapses; Synaptophysin | 1993 |
N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and non-NMDA receptor antagonists block the hyperexcitability of dorsal horn neurons during development of acute arthritis in rat's knee joint.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Arthritis, Experimental; Electrophysiology; Hindlimb; Injections, Intravenous; Iontophoresis; Ketamine; Male; Neurons; Physical Stimulation; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spinal Cord | 1993 |
Modulation of synaptic transmission and long-term potentiation: effects on paired pulse facilitation and EPSC variance in the CA1 region of the hippocampus.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Electric Stimulation; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Long-Term Potentiation; Magnesium; Male; Quinoxalines; Receptors, GABA-B; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1993 |
The patterns and synaptic properties of horizontal intracortical connections in the rat motor cortex.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aging; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Evoked Potentials; Female; GABA-B Receptor Antagonists; Histocytochemistry; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Motor Cortex; Neural Conduction; Neural Pathways; Neuronal Plasticity; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synapses | 1993 |
Noradrenaline decreases transmission of NMDA- and non-NMDA-receptor mediated monosynaptic EPSPs in rat prefrontal neurons in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Adrenergic Antagonists; Afferent Pathways; Animals; Clonidine; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; In Vitro Techniques; Isoproterenol; Membrane Potentials; Methoxamine; Neurons; Norepinephrine; Phentolamine; Phenylephrine; Prazosin; Prefrontal Cortex; Propranolol; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Adrenergic; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1993 |
Inhibition of a slow synaptic response by a metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonist in hippocampal CA3 pyramidal cells.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Benzoates; Bicuculline; Cycloleucine; Evoked Potentials; Glycine; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Nerve Fibers; Neurotoxins; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Synapses | 1993 |
Spinal cord amino acid release and content in an arthritis model: the effects of pretreatment with non-NMDA, NMDA, and NK1 receptor antagonists.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Arthritis; Biphenyl Compounds; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Lidocaine; Male; Microdialysis; Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spinal Cord | 1993 |
Valproic acid suppresses the synaptic response mediated by the NMDA receptors in rat amygdalar slices.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amygdala; Animals; Bicuculline; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Valproic Acid | 1994 |
Synaptic modifications accompanying epileptogenesis in vitro: long-term depression of GABA-mediated inhibition.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Epilepsy; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Tetany | 1993 |
Presynaptic calcium is increased during normal synaptic transmission and paired-pulse facilitation, but not in long-term potentiation in area CA1 of hippocampus.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Evoked Potentials; Fluorescent Dyes; Fura-2; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Long-Term Potentiation; Membrane Potentials; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Regression Analysis; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Time Factors | 1994 |
Role of glutamatergic synaptic transmission in synchronized discharges of hilar neurons in guinea pig hippocampal slices.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Baclofen; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Neurons; Picrotoxin; Quinoxalines; Receptors, GABA-B; Receptors, Glutamate; Synaptic Transmission; Time Factors | 1993 |
Centrally administered non-NMDA but not NMDA receptor antagonists block peripheral knee joint inflammation.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Arthritis, Experimental; Behavior, Animal; Body Temperature; Injections, Spinal; Knee Joint; Pain Measurement; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1993 |
Maintenance of pharmacologically-immature glutamate receptors by aberrant synapses in the chick cochlear nucleus.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Chick Embryo; Chickens; Cochlear Nucleus; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Synapses | 1993 |
Activation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II and phosphorylation of intermediate filament proteins by stimulation of glutamate receptors in cultured rat cortical astrocytes.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Alanine; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Dizocilpine Maleate; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Immunoblotting; Ionomycin; Molecular Weight; Phosphoproteins; Phosphorylation; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Vimentin | 1994 |
Chemical modulation of synaptic transmission in the striatum.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Baclofen; Bicuculline; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Muscarine; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Receptors, GABA-B; Receptors, Muscarinic; Scopolamine; Synaptic Transmission | 1993 |
Spontaneous synaptic activities in rat nucleus tractus solitarius neurons in vitro: evidence for re-excitatory processing.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Signal Transduction; Solitary Nucleus; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1993 |
Autoradiographic distribution of binding sites for the non-NMDA receptor antagonist [3H]CNQX in human motor cortex, brainstem and spinal cord.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aged; Autoradiography; Binding Sites; Brain Stem; Female; Humans; Lumbosacral Region; Male; Middle Aged; Motor Cortex; Neck; Quinoxalines; Radioligand Assay; Spinal Cord; Tritium | 1993 |
Involvement of periaqueductal gray area NMDA receptors in endothelin-induced behavioural effects.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endothelins; Male; Motor Activity; Periaqueductal Gray; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1993 |
Hippocampal inhibitory interneurons are functionally disconnected from excitatory inputs by anoxia.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Culture Techniques; Electric Stimulation; Hippocampus; Hypoxia, Brain; Interneurons; Male; Neural Inhibition; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, GABA-B; Receptors, Glutamate; Synaptic Transmission | 1993 |
Evidence for all-or-none regulation of neurotransmitter release: implications for long-term potentiation.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Baclofen; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Long-Term Potentiation; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission; Theophylline | 1993 |
Excitatory amino acid receptors participate in synaptic transmission of visual responses in the superficial layers of the cat superior colliculus.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cats; Electrodes; Electrophysiology; Female; Iontophoresis; Ocular Physiological Phenomena; Photic Stimulation; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Superior Colliculi; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Vision, Ocular | 1994 |
Morphological correlates of altered neuronal activity in organotypic cerebellar cultures chronically exposed to anti-GABA agents.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Bicuculline; Cerebellum; Electrophysiology; GABA Antagonists; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Microscopy, Electron; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Organ Culture Techniques; Picrotoxin; Quinoxalines; Synapses; Time Factors | 1994 |
The role of excitatory amino acids in the generation of spontaneous hippocampal oscillations.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Electroencephalography; Evoked Potentials; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Penicillins; Quinoxalines; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses | 1994 |
The effect of NMDA, AMPA/kainate, and calcium channel antagonists on traumatic cortical neuronal injury in culture.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Dizocilpine Maleate; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Mice; Neuroglia; Neurons; Nimodipine; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Trypan Blue | 1994 |
Excitatory amino acid receptor-mediated neurotransmission from cutaneous afferents in rat dorsal horn in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Afferent Pathways; Animals; Female; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mechanoreceptors; Neurons; Physical Stimulation; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Skin; Spinal Cord; Synaptic Transmission | 1993 |
Quantal components of unitary EPSCs at the mossy fibre synapse on CA3 pyramidal cells of rat hippocampus.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Magnesium; Models, Neurological; Pyramidal Cells; Quantum Theory; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1993 |
Simultaneous LTP of non-NMDA- and LTD of NMDA-receptor-mediated responses in the nucleus accumbens.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Calcium; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; In Vitro Techniques; Long-Term Potentiation; Neurons; Nucleus Accumbens; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses | 1994 |
Effects of ammonium ions on synaptic transmission and on responses to quisqualate and N-methyl-D-aspartate in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons in vitro.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Ammonium Chloride; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Magnesium; Male; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synaptic Transmission | 1993 |
Influence of hypoxia on excitation and GABAergic inhibition in mature and developing rat neocortex.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aging; Animals; Cell Hypoxia; Electric Conductivity; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Interneurons; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Somatosensory Cortex; Synaptic Transmission | 1993 |
In vitro eye-blink reflex model: role of excitatory amino acids and labeling of network activity with sulforhodamine.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Abducens Nerve; Animals; Blinking; Brain Stem; Cerebellum; Efferent Pathways; Electric Stimulation; Electromyography; Functional Laterality; In Vitro Techniques; Interneurons; Models, Neurological; Nerve Fibers; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rhodamines; Time Factors; Trigeminal Nerve; Turtles | 1993 |
Hypoxic forebrain cholinergic neuron injury: role of glucose, excitatory amino acid receptors and nitric oxide.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Arginine; Cells, Cultured; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Glucose; Hypoxia, Brain; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Neurons; Nitric Oxide; Nitroarginine; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Prosencephalon; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Amino Acid | 1993 |
Neonatal irradiation prevents the formation of hippocampal mossy fibers and the epileptic action of kainate on rat CA3 pyramidal neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Bicuculline; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Epilepsy; Gamma Rays; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Nerve Fibers; Neurons, Afferent; Potassium; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 1994 |
Spatiotemporally differential inhibition of pyramidal cells in the cat motor cortex.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Axons; Baclofen; Bicuculline; Cats; Electric Stimulation; Interneurons; Membrane Potentials; Microelectrodes; Motor Cortex; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Synapses | 1994 |
Enhanced activation of NMDA receptor responses at the immature retinogeniculate synapse.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Afferent Pathways; Aging; Animals; Bicuculline; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Ferrets; Geniculate Bodies; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Retina; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Time Factors; Visual Pathways | 1994 |
Thermal hyperalgesia in association with the development of morphine tolerance in rats: roles of excitatory amino acid receptors and protein kinase C.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Dizocilpine Maleate; Drug Tolerance; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; G(M1) Ganglioside; Hot Temperature; Hyperalgesia; Injections, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Pain; Protein Kinase C; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1994 |
Patch-clamp recordings reveal powerful GABAergic inhibition in dentate hilar neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Chlorides; Electrophysiology; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Picrotoxin; Pyridazines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA-A; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1994 |
The first developing "mixed" synapses between vestibular sensory neurons mediate glutamate chemical transmission.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Chick Embryo; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Intercellular Junctions; Lysine; Neurons, Afferent; Quinoxalines; Reflex, Vestibulo-Ocular; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Vestibular Nerve | 1994 |
Formation and electrophysiological actions of the arachidonic acid metabolites, hepoxilins, at nanomolar concentrations in rat hippocampal slices.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; 8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid; Animals; Electrophysiology; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Male; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA-B | 1994 |
Autoradiographic characterization of the non-N-methyl-D-aspartate binding sites in human cerebellum using the antagonist [3H]6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adult; Autoradiography; Binding, Competitive; Cerebellar Cortex; Cerebellum; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid | 1994 |
Modulation by TRH of NMDA-elicited responses of CA1 neurones of the rat hippocampal slice preparation.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone | 1994 |
Extracellular free potassium during synchronous activity induced by 4-aminopyridine in the juvenile rat hippocampus.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Electrophysiology; Extracellular Space; Hippocampus; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Time Factors | 1994 |
Quantitative analysis of the distributions of glutamatergic ligand binding sites in goldfish brain.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Autoradiography; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Goldfish; Kinetics; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1994 |
Omega-conotoxin sensitivity and presynaptic inhibition of glutamatergic sensory neurotransmission in vitro.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Baclofen; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cells, Cultured; Chick Embryo; Evoked Potentials; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Ganglia, Spinal; Mollusk Venoms; Neurons, Afferent; omega-Conotoxin GVIA; Organophosphorus Compounds; Peptides; Quinoxalines; Spinal Cord; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Time Factors | 1994 |
Glutamate uptake inhibition by oxygen free radicals in rat cortical astrocytes.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Antioxidants; Astrocytes; Biological Transport; Catalase; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Chloromercuribenzoates; Dithionitrobenzoic Acid; Dithiothreitol; Ethylmaleimide; Free Radical Scavengers; Free Radicals; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Hydrogen Peroxide; Kinetics; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; p-Chloromercuribenzoic Acid; Quinoxalines; Rats; Superoxide Dismutase; Time Factors; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1994 |
Glutamate as a neuron-to-glial signal for mitogenesis: role of glial N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cell Division; Cells, Cultured; Dizocilpine Maleate; DNA; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Middle Aged; N-Methylaspartate; Neuroglia; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Retina; Signal Transduction | 1993 |
The Na(+)-dependent binding of [3H]L-aspartate in thaw-mounted sections of rat forebrain.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Autoradiography; Dicarboxylic Acids; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Male; Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; Presynaptic Terminals; Prosencephalon; Pyrrolidines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Amino Acid; Sodium | 1994 |
Anoxia selectively depresses excitatory synaptic transmission in hippocampal slices.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Bicuculline; Evoked Potentials; Hippocampus; Hypoxia; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1994 |
Release of 3H-noradrenaline by excitatory amino acids from rat mediobasal hypothalamus and the influence of aging.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aging; Amino Acids; Animals; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hypothalamus, Middle; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Norepinephrine; Quinoxalines; Rats; Tritium | 1994 |
Spontaneous Ca2+ transients in developing hippocampal pyramidal cells.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Aniline Compounds; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Lasers; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Picrotoxin; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA; Receptors, Glutamate; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Xanthenes | 1994 |
A centrally active drug that modulates AMPA receptor gated currents.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Dioxoles; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Membrane Potentials; Organ Culture Techniques; Piperidines; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA | 1994 |
Blockade of non-NMDA receptors attenuates reflex pressor response to static contraction.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Biphenyl Compounds; Blood Pressure; Cats; Heart Rate; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Injections, Spinal; Muscle Contraction; Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spinal Cord; Time Factors | 1994 |
Effect of the infusion of the GABA-A receptor agonist, muscimol, on the role of the entorhinal cortex, amygdala, and hippocampus in memory processes.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amygdala; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Electroshock; Hippocampus; Limbic System; Long-Term Potentiation; Male; Mental Recall; Muscimol; Neural Pathways; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reaction Time; Receptors, GABA-A; Retention, Psychology | 1994 |
Non-NMDA receptors mediate glutamate-induced depolarization in frog crista ampullaris.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Afferent Pathways; Animals; Calcium; Ear, Inner; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Nerve Fibers; Quinoxalines; Rana esculenta; Receptors, Cell Surface; Sodium | 1994 |
Effects of MK-801 and CNQX, glutamate receptor antagonists, on bladder activity in neonatal rats.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; In Vitro Techniques; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Neural Pathways; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reflex; Spinal Cord; Urinary Bladder | 1994 |
Nucleus tractus solitarius and excitatory amino acids in afferent-evoked inspiratory termination.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Blood Pressure; Cats; Decerebrate State; Electric Stimulation; Female; Intercostal Nerves; Laryngeal Nerves; Male; Neurons, Afferent; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Respiratory Mechanics; Solitary Nucleus; Synaptic Transmission; Vagus Nerve | 1994 |
Postnatal development of NMDA, AMPA, and kainate receptors in individual layers of rat visual cortex and the effect of monocular deprivation.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aging; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Autoradiography; Dizocilpine Maleate; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sensory Deprivation; Vision, Monocular; Visual Cortex | 1994 |
Optical imaging of the in vitro guinea pig piriform cortex activity using a voltage-sensitive dye.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Coloring Agents; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Female; Guinea Pigs; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; In Vitro Techniques; Olfactory Pathways; Quinoxalines | 1994 |
Analysis of carbamazepine's anticonvulsant actions in hippocampal and amygdaloid slices of the rat.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Amygdala; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Carbamazepine; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Magnesium; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Picrotoxin; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1993 |
Modulation of the AMPA receptor by phospholipase A2: effect of the antidepressant trimipramine.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Binding Sites; Drug Synergism; Hippocampus; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Phospholipases A; Phospholipases A2; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Synaptic Membranes; Synaptic Transmission; Trimipramine | 1994 |
Domoic acid induced release of [3H]GABA in cultured chick retina cells.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Chick Embryo; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Kainic Acid; Neurotoxins; Nicotinic Acids; Nipecotic Acids; Oximes; Quinoxalines; Retina | 1994 |
Voltage-dependent kinetics of N-methyl-D-aspartate synaptic currents in rat cerebellar granule cells.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cerebellum; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Glycine; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Nerve Fibers; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Time Factors | 1994 |
Neurotrophic factor mRNA expression in dentate gyrus is increased following in vivo stimulation of the angular bundle.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Electric Stimulation; Female; Gene Expression Regulation; Hippocampus; Long-Term Potentiation; Nerve Growth Factors; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; RNA, Messenger; Seizures; Tetany | 1994 |
Glutamate-stimulated phosphatidylinositol metabolism in the avian cochlear nucleus.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Chickens; Cochlear Nucleus; Cyclopentanes; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Inositol Phosphates; Lithium Chloride; Phosphatidylinositols; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1994 |
The non-NMDA subtype of excitatory amino acid receptor plays the major role in control of cardiovascular function by the subretrofacial nucleus in cats.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Blood Pressure; Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena; Cats; Female; Glutamine; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Microinjections; Neurons; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1994 |
The involvement of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and non-NMDA receptors in the responsiveness of rat spinal neurons with input from the chronically inflamed ankle.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Afferent Pathways; Animals; Ankle Joint; Arthritis, Experimental; Chronic Disease; Electrophysiology; Ketamine; Male; Neurons; Pain; Pressure; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spinal Cord | 1994 |
Involvement of pontile NMDA receptors in inspiratory termination in rat.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Male; Pons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Respiration | 1994 |
Glutamate agonists and [3H]GABA release from rat hippocampal slices: involvement of metabotropic glutamate receptors in the quisqualate-evoked release.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Dizocilpine Maleate; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1994 |
Organum vasculosum lamina terminalis-evoked postsynaptic responses in rat supraoptic neurones in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Bicuculline; Cerebral Ventricles; Electric Stimulation; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, GABA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Vasopressin; Supraoptic Nucleus; Synaptic Transmission | 1994 |
Changes in paired-pulse facilitation suggest presynaptic involvement in long-term potentiation.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Electric Stimulation; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Long-Term Potentiation; Neural Inhibition; Presynaptic Terminals; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Time Factors | 1994 |
Long-term potentiation in the auditory cortex of adult rats.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Auditory Cortex; Calcium; Electric Stimulation; Electrodes; Evoked Potentials; In Vitro Techniques; Long-Term Potentiation; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 1994 |
Effects of NMDA and non-NMDA receptor antagonists on inspiratory neurons in the in vitro brainstem-spinal cord preparation of newborn rat.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain Stem; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Respiratory Mechanics; Spinal Cord | 1994 |
Glutamatergic hippocampal formation projections to prefrontal cortex in the rat are regulated by GABAergic inhibition and show convergence with glutamatergic projections from the limbic thalamus.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Baclofen; Bicuculline; Brain Mapping; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; GABA-B Receptor Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Limbic System; Male; Neurons; Organophosphorus Compounds; Piperazines; Prefrontal Cortex; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Thalamus | 1994 |
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor mediated component of field potentials evoked in horizontal pathways of rat motor cortex.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory; Female; Glutamic Acid; Male; Motor Cortex; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reaction Time; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1994 |
Dormancy of inhibitory interneurons in a model of temporal lobe epilepsy.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Baclofen; Electric Stimulation; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Evoked Potentials; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Interneurons; Male; Membrane Potentials; Picrotoxin; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Status Epilepticus | 1993 |
Reversible loss of dendritic spines and altered excitability after chronic epilepsy in hippocampal slice cultures.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Bicuculline; Dendrites; Electric Stimulation; Epilepsy; Evoked Potentials; Hippocampus; Membrane Potentials; Organ Culture Techniques; Organophosphorus Compounds; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Rats; Synapses | 1993 |
Intracellular calcium levels during the period of delayed excitotoxicity.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Calcium; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kinetics; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate | 1993 |
Cell culture evidence for neuronal degeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis being linked to glutamate AMPA/kainate receptors.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aged; Amino Acids; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Middle Aged; Motor Neurons; Nerve Degeneration; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid | 1993 |
A comparison of the actions of agonists and antagonists at non-NMDA receptors of C fibres and motoneurones of the immature rat spinal cord in vitro.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Concanavalin A; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Motor Neurons; Nerve Fibers; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Amino Acid; Spinal Cord | 1993 |
Non-classical glutamate receptors, blocked by both NMDA and non-NMDA antagonists, stimulate nitric oxide production in neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Arginine; Cells, Cultured; Corpus Striatum; Cyclic GMP; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Mice; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Nitric Oxide; Nitroarginine; omega-N-Methylarginine; Pregnancy; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, Glutamate | 1993 |
The postsynaptic induction of nonassociative long-term depression of excitatory synaptic transmission in rat hippocampal slices.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Culture Techniques; Electric Stimulation; Hippocampus; Magnesium; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1993 |
Developmental changes in NMDA and non-NMDA receptor-mediated synaptic potentials in rat neocortex.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cell Differentiation; Electric Stimulation; Frontal Lobe; Membrane Potentials; Neural Inhibition; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1993 |
Interactions between the glycine and glutamate binding sites of the NMDA receptor.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Binding Sites; Cells, Cultured; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; Kinetics; Neurons; Pyrrolidinones; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Time Factors | 1993 |
The effects of intrathecal administration of excitatory amino acid agonists and antagonists on the initiation of locomotion in the adult cat.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Cats; Decerebrate State; Electromyography; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hindlimb; Injections, Spinal; Kainic Acid; Laminectomy; Locomotion; Motor Activity; Muscles; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Spinal Cord; Time Factors | 1993 |
CNQX infused into rat hippocampus or amygdala disrupts the expression of memory of two different tasks.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amygdala; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Behavior, Animal; Drug Synergism; Habituation, Psychophysiologic; Hippocampus; Memory; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1993 |
Infusion of the non-NMDA receptor antagonist CNQX into the amygdala blocks the expression of fear-potentiated startle.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amygdala; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Conditioning, Psychological; Fear; Habituation, Psychophysiologic; Male; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1993 |
Monosynaptic GABA-mediated inhibitory postsynaptic potentials in CA1 pyramidal cells of hyperexcitable hippocampal slices from kainic acid-treated rats.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Baclofen; Evoked Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Neurons; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA-A; Synapses | 1993 |
Glutamate antagonists in the reticular formation reduce the acoustic startle response.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Acoustic Stimulation; Animals; Depression, Chemical; Electromyography; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microinjections; Pons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reflex, Startle; Reticular Formation | 1993 |
Intrinsic proton modulation of excitatory transmission in rat hippocampal slices.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Acid-Base Equilibrium; Animals; Benzolamide; Buffers; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Microelectrodes; Protons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission | 1993 |
Pairing of pre- and postsynaptic activities in hippocampal CA1 neurons induces long-term modifications of NMDA receptor-mediated synaptic potential.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Membrane Potentials; Microelectrodes; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Neurons, Afferent; Picrotoxin; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses | 1993 |
Long-term enhancement of EPSP and NMDA receptor-mediated synaptic transmission in the amygdala.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amygdala; Animals; Bicuculline; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; In Vitro Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1993 |
Tetraethylammonium-induced epileptiform activity in young and adult rat hippocampus.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aging; Animals; Bicuculline; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Epilepsy; Evoked Potentials; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Piperazines; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tetraethylammonium; Tetraethylammonium Compounds | 1993 |
Electrophysiology of dopamine-denervated striatal neurons. Implications for Parkinson's disease.
Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Denervation; Dopamine; Dopamine Agents; Ergolines; Male; Oxidopamine; Parkinson Disease, Secondary; Quinoxalines; Quinpirole; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Substantia Nigra; Synaptic Membranes; Tetrodotoxin | 1993 |
Involvement of excitatory amino acids in the activity of swallowing-related neurons of the ventro-lateral medulla.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Decerebrate State; Deglutition; Dipeptides; Electric Stimulation; Kainic Acid; Male; Medulla Oblongata; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Amino Acid | 1993 |
The opioid peptide dynorphin mediates heterosynaptic depression of hippocampal mossy fibre synapses and modulates long-term potentiation.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Naloxone; Nerve Fibers; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Synapses | 1993 |
Different proportions of N-methyl-D-aspartate and non-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor currents at the mossy fibre-granule cell synapse of developing rat cerebellum.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aging; Animals; Bicuculline; Cerebellum; Cytoplasmic Granules; Electrophysiology; Evoked Potentials; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Magnesium; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Fibers; Neurons; Neurons, Afferent; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1993 |
An experimental arthritis model in rats: the effects of NMDA and non-NMDA antagonists on aspartate and glutamate release in the dorsal horn.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Arthritis; Aspartic Acid; Carrageenan; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Injections, Intra-Articular; Kaolin; Knee Joint; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spinal Cord | 1993 |
Motor activity induced by disinhibition of the primary motor cortex of the rat is blocked by a non-NMDA glutamate receptor antagonist.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Bicuculline; Brain Mapping; Dialysis; Electromyography; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Male; Models, Neurological; Motor Activity; Motor Cortex; Peripheral Nerves; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1993 |
Dependence of long-term depression on postsynaptic metabotropic glutamate receptors in visual cortex.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Bicuculline; Cyclopentanes; Evoked Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Guanosine Diphosphate; Heparin; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Synapses; Thionucleotides; Visual Cortex | 1993 |
Release of GABA from rat hippocampal slices: involvement of quisqualate/N-methyl-D-aspartate-gated ionophores and extracellular magnesium.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Dizocilpine Maleate; Extracellular Space; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Ion Channel Gating; Magnesium; Male; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1993 |
Adenosine inhibits the NMDA receptor-mediated excitatory postsynaptic potential in the hippocampus.
Topics: 2-Chloroadenosine; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Acetylcholine; Adenosine; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electrophysiology; Hippocampus; Magnesium; Male; Osmolar Concentration; Picrotoxin; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses | 1993 |
Two functionally different glutamate receptors of the kainate subtype in embryonic rat mesencephalic cells.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Embryonic and Fetal Development; Female; Flow Cytometry; Gestational Age; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Mesencephalon; Pregnancy; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Sodium Channels; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine | 1993 |
Uptake and release of beta-alanine in cerebellar granule cells in primary culture: regulation of release by glutamatergic and GABAergic receptors.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; beta-Alanine; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Kinetics; Magnesium; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Glutamate; Veratridine | 1993 |
Blind patch-clamp recordings from substantia gelatinosa neurons in adult rat spinal cord slices: pharmacological properties of synaptic currents.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Bicuculline; Electric Stimulation; Electrodes; Electrophysiology; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neurons; Neurons, Afferent; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spinal Cord; Strychnine; Substantia Gelatinosa; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1993 |
Inhibition of high voltage-activated calcium currents by L-glutamate receptor-mediated calcium influx.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Egtazic Acid; Electric Conductivity; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hypothalamus; Imidazoles; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Trifluoperazine | 1993 |
Patch-clamp analysis of spontaneous synaptic currents in supraoptic neuroendocrine cells of the rat hypothalamus.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Bicuculline; Electrophysiology; Hypothalamus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neurosecretory Systems; Quinoxalines; Rats; Supraoptic Nucleus; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1993 |
Zinc enhances kainate neurotoxicity in the rat brain.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Brain; Drug Synergism; Kainic Acid; Male; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Zinc | 1993 |
In vivo regulation of extracellular dopamine in the neostriatum: influence of impulse activity and local excitatory amino acids.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Biological Transport; Corpus Striatum; Dialysis; Dopamine; Exocytosis; Extracellular Space; Kainic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Microchemistry; Models, Neurological; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Endings; Neurotoxins; Prosencephalon; Quinoxalines; Rats; Substantia Nigra; Tetrodotoxin | 1993 |
GYKI 52466 protects against non-NMDA receptor-mediated excitotoxicity in primary rat hippocampal cultures.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Cells, Cultured; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Neurotoxins; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid | 1993 |
Nitric oxide and carbon monoxide produce activity-dependent long-term synaptic enhancement in hippocampus.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Carbon Monoxide; Electric Stimulation; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Membrane Potentials; Nitric Oxide; Protoporphyrins; Quinoxalines; Signal Transduction; Synapses | 1993 |
Propagation of spreading depression among dendrites and somata of the same cell population.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Dendrites; Dialysis; Electrophysiology; Female; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Microinjections; Neurons; Piperazines; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1993 |
Pharmacological isolation and characterization of NMDA receptor-mediated synaptic potential in the dentate gyrus of rat hippocampal slices.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Evoked Potentials; Glycine; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Magnesium; Male; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses | 1993 |
Glutamate neurons in hypothalamus regulate excitatory transmission.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hypothalamus; Microscopy, Electron; N-Methylaspartate; Neurites; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1993 |
A 5-hydroxytryptamine2 agonist augments gamma-aminobutyric acid and excitatory amino acid inputs to noradrenergic locus coeruleus neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Amphetamines; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Evoked Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Ketanserin; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Serotonin; Serotonin Receptor Agonists | 1993 |
Modulation by serotonin of the neurons in rat nucleus raphe magnus in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Evoked Potentials; In Vitro Techniques; Indoles; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Raphe Nuclei; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Serotonin; Serotonin Antagonists; Serotonin Receptor Agonists; Tropisetron | 1993 |
The effect of toxin I, a K+ channel inhibitor, on [3H]noradrenaline release from rat cerebral cortex.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Elapid Venoms; Electric Stimulation; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neurotoxins; Norepinephrine; Potassium Channels; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Tetrodotoxin | 1993 |
Evidence that the parafascicular projection to the subthalamic nucleus is glutamatergic.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Anesthesia; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Glutamates; Histocytochemistry; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Neural Pathways; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission; Thalamic Nuclei | 1993 |
Microinfusions of excitatory amino acid antagonists into the trigeminal sensory complex antagonize the jaw opening reflex in freely moving rats.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Dental Pulp; Dipeptides; Electric Stimulation; Electromyography; Histocytochemistry; Jaw; Ketamine; Male; Microinjections; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reflex; Trigeminal Nerve | 1993 |
High-affinity kainate binding sites in living slices of rat neocortex: characterization and regulation.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Age Factors; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Cerebral Cortex; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Veratridine | 1993 |
Epileptic focus induced in rat by intrahippocampal cholera toxin: neuronal properties in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Baclofen; Bicuculline; Cholera Toxin; Chronic Disease; Epilepsy; Hippocampus; Injections; Male; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA-A; Synaptic Transmission | 1993 |
4-Aminopyridine-induced spreading depression episodes in immature hippocampus: developmental and pharmacological characteristics.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Bicuculline; Cortical Spreading Depression; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hippocampus; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1993 |
Synaptic activation in guinea-pig dentate area: dependence on the stimulation site.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Baclofen; Bicuculline; Carbachol; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Microelectrodes; Nerve Fibers; Picrotoxin; Potassium Chloride; Quinoxalines; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Glutamate; Synapses | 1993 |
Different effects of omega-conotoxin GVIA at excitatory and inhibitory synapses in rat CA1 hippocampal neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Baclofen; Bicuculline; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Evoked Potentials; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mollusk Venoms; Neurons; omega-Conotoxin GVIA; Peptides; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synapses | 1993 |
Kainate elicits elevated nuclear calcium signals in retinal neurons via calcium-induced calcium release.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Caffeine; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Kainic Acid; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Signal Transduction; Sodium | 1993 |
Blockade of antidromic invasion of CA1 pyramidal cells during synaptic activation of NMDA receptors.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Axons; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Hippocampus; Piperazines; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Stereotaxic Techniques; Synapses; Time Factors | 1993 |
Synaptic excitation of alpha-motoneurons by dorsal root afferents in the neonatal rat spinal cord.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 4-Aminopyridine; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Afferent Pathways; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Ganglia, Spinal; Membrane Potentials; Motor Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Glycine; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Spinal Cord; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1993 |
Epileptiform activity induced by 4-aminopyridine in guinea-pig and rat neocortices.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Cerebral Cortex; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Epilepsy; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1993 |
Electrophysiological features of habenular neurons of the guinea pig: high efficacy of synaptic transmission and variable configuration of unitary spikes.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Carbachol; Electrophysiology; Geniculate Bodies; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Thalamic Nuclei | 1993 |
CGP 55845A blocks baclofen, gamma-aminobutyric acid and inhibitory postsynaptic potassium currents in guinea pig CA3 neurons.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Baclofen; Bicuculline; Electrophysiology; GABA Antagonists; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Picrotoxin; Potassium Channels; Quinoxalines; Synapses | 1993 |
A single social stress-experience alters glutamate receptor-binding in rat hippocampal CA3 area.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Hippocampus; Kinetics; Male; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Social Behavior; Stress, Psychological | 1993 |
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors mediate cyanide-induced cytotoxicity in hippocampal cultures.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Hippocampus; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sodium Cyanide | 1993 |
Autoradiographic comparison of the distribution of [3H]MK801 and [3H]CNQX in the human cerebellum during development and aging.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adolescent; Adult; Aging; Autoradiography; Cerebellum; Child; Child, Preschool; Dizocilpine Maleate; Embryonic and Fetal Development; Fetus; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Middle Aged; Quinoxalines; Tissue Distribution; Tritium | 1993 |
Retrotrapezoid nucleus glutamate receptors: control of CO2-sensitive phrenic and sympathetic output.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Blood Pressure; Carbon Dioxide; Cats; Decerebrate State; Electrophysiology; Female; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Phrenic Nerve; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Respiration; Sympathetic Nervous System | 1993 |
Benzothiadiazides inhibit rapid glutamate receptor desensitization and enhance glutamatergic synaptic currents.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Benzothiadiazines; Cell Line; Cells, Cultured; Diazoxide; Diuretics; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Hippocampus; Humans; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Molecular Structure; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Structure-Activity Relationship; Synapses; Time Factors | 1993 |
Cytoplasmic calcium buffer, calbindin-D28k, is regulated by excitatory amino acids.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Calbindin 1; Calbindins; Calcium; Cerebellar Cortex; Cytoplasm; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Purkinje Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; S100 Calcium Binding Protein G; Up-Regulation | 1993 |
Platelet-activating factor inhibits excitatory transmission in rat neostriatum.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Azepines; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Neostriatum; Neural Inhibition; Platelet Activating Factor; Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; Triazoles | 1993 |
The contribution of NMDA and non-NMDA receptors to the light-evoked input-output characteristics of retinal ganglion cells.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Ambystoma; Amino Acids; Animals; Darkness; Electrophysiology; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; In Vitro Techniques; Light; Magnesium; Mathematics; Models, Neurological; Photic Stimulation; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Synapses | 1993 |
Regional patterns of cholinergic and glutamate activity in the developing and aging human brain.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aging; Brain; Child; Child, Preschool; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Dizocilpine Maleate; Embryonic and Fetal Development; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Middle Aged; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate | 1993 |
Evidence for enhanced synaptic excitation in transplanted neostriatal neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Electrophysiology; Fetal Tissue Transplantation; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Neostriatum; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Substantia Nigra; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1993 |
Characteristics of spontaneous and evoked EPSPs recorded from dentate spiny hilar cells in rat hippocampal slices.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Axons; Bicuculline; Culture Techniques; Dendrites; Evoked Potentials; Hippocampus; Male; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 1993 |
Activation of dentate hilar neurons by stimulation of the fimbria in rat hippocampal slices.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Atropine; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Neurons; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Synapses | 1993 |
Depression of glutamatergic and GABAergic synaptic responses in striatal spiny neurons by stimulation of presynaptic GABAB receptors.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Baclofen; Bicuculline; Corpus Striatum; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Lidocaine; Male; Neurons; Pregnanolone; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA-B; Sodium Channel Blockers; Synapses | 1993 |
Memory expression of habituation and of inhibitory avoidance is blocked by CNQX infused into the entorhinal cortex.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amygdala; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Drug Synergism; Habituation, Psychophysiologic; Hippocampus; Male; Memory; Neural Pathways; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Retention, Psychology | 1993 |
NMDA and non-NMDA antagonists infused into the nucleus reticularis pontis caudalis depress the acoustic startle reflex.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Acoustic Stimulation; Animals; Dipeptides; Male; Pons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reflex, Startle | 1993 |
NBQX, an improved non-NMDA antagonist studied in retinal ganglion cells.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Ambystoma; Animals; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; In Vitro Techniques; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glycine; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Retinal Ganglion Cells | 1995 |
Endogenous gamma-L-glutamylglutamate is a partial agonist at the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in cultured cerebellar granule cells.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Dipeptides; Drug Synergism; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Magnesium; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1995 |
Intrathecal blockade of both NMDA and non-NMDA receptors attenuates the exercise pressor reflex in cats.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Blood Pressure; Cats; Decerebrate State; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Heart Rate; Injections, Spinal; Mechanoreceptors; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Skeletal; Physical Exertion; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reflex, Stretch; Respiratory Mechanics; Stereotaxic Techniques; Sympathetic Nervous System; Synaptic Transmission | 1996 |
Effects of parallel fiber stimulation on neurons of rat dorsal cochlear nucleus.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Brain Stem; Cochlea; Cochlear Nucleus; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Nerve Fibers; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 1996 |
Distinct short-term plasticity at two excitatory synapses in the hippocampus.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; Egtazic Acid; Evoked Potentials; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Long-Term Potentiation; Magnesium; Nerve Fibers; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Time Factors | 1996 |
Studies of synaptic transmission in vivo: indirect versus direct effects of (RS)-alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionic acid/kainate antagonists on rat spinal sensory responses.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Extracellular Space; Iontophoresis; Male; Microelectrodes; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons, Afferent; Nociceptors; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Spinal Cord; Synaptic Transmission | 1996 |
Three types of postsynaptic glutamatergic receptors are activated in DMNX neurons upon stimulation of NTS.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Benzothiadiazines; Brain; Concanavalin A; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Solitary Nucleus; Synapses; Vagus Nerve | 1996 |
Effects of glutamate receptor agonists and antagonists on Ca2+ uptake in rat hippocampal slices lesioned by glucose deprivation or by kainate.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Calcium; Cycloleucine; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glucose; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Neuroprotective Agents; Organ Culture Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate; Synaptic Transmission | 1997 |
Adrenergic responses in silent and putative inhibitory pacemaker-like neurons of the rat rostral ventrolateral medulla in vitro.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Adrenergic beta-Agonists; Animals; Bicuculline; Biological Clocks; Brimonidine Tartrate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; Glycine Agents; Interneurons; Ion Channel Gating; Isoproterenol; Medulla Oblongata; Norepinephrine; Prazosin; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Strychnine; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Yohimbine | 1997 |
Morphological and electrophysiological characterization of layer III cells of the medial entorhinal cortex of the rat.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Bicuculline; Electric Stimulation; Entorhinal Cortex; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; GABA Antagonists; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Organophosphorus Compounds; Phosphinic Acids; Propanolamines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, GABA-B; Synaptic Transmission | 1997 |
Prevention of normally occurring and deafferentation-induced neuronal death in chick brainstem auditory neurons by periodic blockade of AMPA/kainate receptors.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Auditory Pathways; Brain Stem; Cell Death; Cell Survival; Chick Embryo; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Kinetics; Neurons; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Time Factors | 1997 |
Glycine causes increased excitability and neurotoxicity by activation of NMDA receptors in the hippocampus.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Benzoxazines; Cell Death; Dizocilpine Maleate; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glycine; Hippocampus; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Organ Culture Techniques; Oxazines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1997 |
Lysophosphatidic acid induces a sustained elevation of neuronal intracellular calcium.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Cells, Cultured; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Ion Channel Gating; Lysophospholipids; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Valine | 1997 |
Effects of excitatory amino acid antagonists on dendrotoxin-induced increases in neurotransmitter release and epileptiform bursting in rat hippocampus in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Acetylcholine; Action Potentials; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Dizocilpine Maleate; Elapid Venoms; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Neurotoxins; Neurotransmitter Agents; Potassium Channels; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Seizures | 1997 |
Neurones in the supraoptic nucleus of the rat are regulated by a projection from the suprachiasmatic nucleus.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Bicuculline; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Optic Nerve; Oxytocin; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA-A; Suprachiasmatic Nucleus; Supraoptic Nucleus; Vasopressins | 1997 |
Modulation of intrinsic circuits by serotonin 5-HT3 receptors in developing ferret visual cortex.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Baclofen; Ferrets; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Indoles; Ligands; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pyridinium Compounds; Quinoxalines; Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1B; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, GABA-B; Receptors, Serotonin; Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT3; Serotonin; Serotonin Antagonists; Serotonin Receptor Agonists; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Tropisetron; Virulence Factors, Bordetella; Visual Cortex | 1997 |
Double dissociation between the involvement of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis and the central nucleus of the amygdala in startle increases produced by conditioned versus unconditioned fear.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Acoustic Stimulation; Afferent Pathways; Amygdala; Animals; Anxiety; Avoidance Learning; Conditioning, Classical; Darkness; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fear; Hypothalamus; Male; Photic Stimulation; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Reflex, Startle | 1997 |
Some behavioral effects of AMPA/kainate receptor agonist and antagonists.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Benzodiazepines; Conflict, Psychological; Drinking Behavior; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Exploratory Behavior; Male; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid | 1997 |
The role of excitatory amino acids in airway reflex responses in anesthetized dogs.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Anesthesia, General; Animals; Autonomic Fibers, Preganglionic; Blood Pressure; Chloralose; Dogs; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acids; Female; Heart Rate; Lung Volume Measurements; Male; Muscle, Smooth; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Respiratory Mechanics; Trachea | 1997 |
Distribution and properties of kainate receptors distinct in the CA3 region of the hippocampus of the guinea pig.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Microinjections; Pressure; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Time Factors | 1998 |
The role of GABAergic inputs for coincidence detection in the neurones of nucleus laminaris of the chick.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Bicuculline; Brain Stem; Chick Embryo; Chickens; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Neurons; Organ Culture Techniques; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Quinoxalines; Reaction Time; Synapses; Temperature | 1998 |
Screening of receptor antagonists using agonist-activated patch clamp detection in chemical separations.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Electrophoresis, Capillary; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glycine; Ion Channels; Mathematics; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Olfactory Bulb; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Cell Surface | 1998 |
Postsynaptic current mediated by metabotropic glutamate receptors in cerebellar Purkinje cells.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Benzoates; Bicuculline; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Female; GABA Antagonists; Glycine; Male; Nerve Fibers; Neural Inhibition; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Protein Kinase C; Purkinje Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Signal Transduction; Synaptic Transmission; Type C Phospholipases | 1998 |
Differential roles for NMDA and non-NMDA receptor subtypes in baroreceptor afferent integration in the nucleus of the solitary tract of the rat.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Blood Pressure; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Iontophoresis; Kainic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons, Afferent; Phenylephrine; Pressoreceptors; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Solitary Nucleus; Synapses; Vasoconstrictor Agents | 1998 |
In-vitro characterization of YM872, a selective, potent and highly water-soluble alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionate receptor antagonist.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Buffers; Cells, Cultured; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Hippocampus; Imidazoles; Kainic Acid; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Oocytes; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Solubility; Xenopus laevis | 1998 |
Vagally evoked synaptic currents in the immature rat nucleus tractus solitarii in an intact in vitro preparation.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Brain Stem; Cranial Nerves; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Neurons; Organ Culture Techniques; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reaction Time; Solitary Nucleus; Synaptic Transmission; Vagus Nerve | 1998 |
Non-NMDA receptor antagonist-induced drinking in rat.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Atropine; Cerebral Ventricles; Dizocilpine Maleate; Drinking Behavior; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Injections, Intraventricular; Losartan; Male; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 1998 |
Direct glutamate-mediated presynaptic inhibition of sensory afferents by the postsynaptic motor neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Astacoidea; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Feedback; Female; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Motor Neurons; Neural Inhibition; Neurons, Afferent; Picrotoxin; Presynaptic Terminals; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tetrodotoxin | 1998 |
CNQX but not NBQX prevents expression of amphetamine-induced place preference conditioning: a role for the glycine site of the NMDA receptor, but not AMPA receptors.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amphetamine; Animals; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Conditioning, Operant; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Motor Activity; Quinolones; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glycine; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1999 |
Non-NMDA glutamate receptors modulate capsaicin induced c-fos expression within trigeminal nucleus caudalis.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Brain Stem; Capsaicin; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Gene Expression Regulation; Genes, fos; Male; Neurons; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Trigeminal Caudal Nucleus | 1999 |
Ethanol modulates AMPA-induced current responses of primary somatosensory cortical neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Ethanol; In Vitro Techniques; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Somatosensory Cortex | 1999 |
The non-NMDA glutamate receptor antagonists 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione and 2,3-dihydroxy-6-nitro-7-sulfamoylbenzo(f)quinoxaline, but not NMDA antagonists, block the intrastriatal neurotoxic effect of MPP+.
Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium; 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dopamine; Dopamine Agents; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Homovanillic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Microinjections; Neuroprotective Agents; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 1999 |
Involvement of peripheral NMDA and non-NMDA receptors in development of persistent firing of spinal wide-dynamic-range neurons induced by subcutaneous bee venom injection in the cat.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Bee Venoms; Cats; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Nociceptors; Pain; Posterior Horn Cells; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1999 |
Synaptic response patterns of neurons in the cortex of rat inferior colliculus.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Bicuculline; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; GABA-B Receptor Antagonists; In Vitro Techniques; Inferior Colliculi; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, GABA-B; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission | 1999 |
Late embryonic expression of AMPA receptor function in the CA1 region of the intact hippocampus in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Afferent Pathways; Aging; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Benzodiazepines; Bicuculline; Cations, Divalent; Electric Stimulation; Embryonic and Fetal Development; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Fluorescent Dyes; Hippocampus; Hypoxia; Lysine; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1999 |
Synaptic GABA(A) activation inhibits AMPA-kainate receptor-mediated bursting in the newborn (P0-P2) rat hippocampus.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Bicuculline; Electric Stimulation; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Interneurons; Muscimol; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Synapses | 2000 |
Field potential analysis of synaptic transmission in spiking neurons in a sparse and irregular neuronal structure in vitro.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Bicuculline; Brain Stem; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; In Vitro Techniques; Intracellular Membranes; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Solitary Nucleus; Synaptic Transmission | 2000 |
Development of glutamatergic synaptic activity in cultured spinal neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Fetus; Glutamic Acid; Magnesium; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spinal Cord; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 2000 |
NMDA and AMPA receptors in the dorsal nucleus of the lateral lemniscus shape binaural responses in rat inferior colliculus.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Acoustic Stimulation; Animals; Cochlear Nucleus; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Functional Laterality; Hearing; In Vitro Techniques; Inferior Colliculi; Male; Piperazines; Pons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Time Factors | 2000 |
Pharmacological and molecular characterization of glutamate receptors in the MIN6 pancreatic beta-cell line.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzodiazepines; Benzothiadiazines; Biological Transport; Calcium; Cell Survival; DNA Primers; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Islets of Langerhans; Kainic Acid; Protein Kinase C; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; Spider Venoms; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 2000 |
Laminar differences in recurrent excitatory transmission in the rat entorhinal cortex in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Entorhinal Cortex; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; In Vitro Techniques; Lysine; Male; Neural Pathways; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission | 2000 |
A kainate receptor increases the efficacy of GABAergic synapses.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Benzoates; Benzodiazepines; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; Enzyme Inhibitors; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Interneurons; Kainic Acid; Neurons; Protein Kinase C; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Staurosporine; Synapses; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Tetrodotoxin | 2001 |
Involvement of non-NMDA receptors in the rescue of weaver cerebellar granule neurons and sensitivity to ethanol of cerebellar AMPA receptors in oocytes.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cell Differentiation; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Central Nervous System Depressants; Cerebellum; Ethanol; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; G Protein-Coupled Inwardly-Rectifying Potassium Channels; Gene Expression; Immunoblotting; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Neurologic Mutants; Neurons; Oocytes; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium Channels; Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; Xenopus | 2001 |
Neurotransmitters in the thalamus relaying visceral input to the insular cortex in the rat.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Animals; Atropine; Cerebral Cortex; Cobalt; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; Glutamates; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Phentolamine; Picrotoxin; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Thalamus; Vagus Nerve; Viscera | 2001 |
AMPA-induced Ca(2+) influx in cultured rat cortical nonpyramidal neurones: pharmacological characterization using fura-2 microfluorimetry.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Benzodiazepines; Benzothiadiazines; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Cobalt; Diazoxide; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fluorescence; Fluorometry; Fura-2; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Immunohistochemistry; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 2002 |
Ionotropic glutamate receptors mediate juvenile hormone synthesis in the cockroach, Diploptera punctata.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Calcium; Cockroaches; Corpora Allata; Cycloleucine; Cytosol; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Juvenile Hormones; Kainic Acid; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate | 2002 |
AMPA and NMDA receptors mediate synaptic excitation in the rat's inferior colliculus.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aging; Animals; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; In Vitro Techniques; Inferior Colliculi; Magnesium; Membrane Potentials; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses | 2002 |
Involvement of NMDA receptors and a p21Ras-like guanosine triphosphatase in the constitutive activation of nuclear factor-kappa-B in cortical neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Alkyl and Aryl Transferases; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Dizocilpine Maleate; Down-Regulation; Drug Interactions; Embryo, Mammalian; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Flavonoids; GTP Phosphohydrolases; Imidazoles; Immunohistochemistry; Neurons; NF-kappa B; Nitroarginine; Oxadiazoles; Polyenes; Polyunsaturated Alkamides; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); Pyrazoles; Pyridines; Pyrimidines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Transcription Factor RelA | 2002 |
Influence of inhibitory and excitatory inputs on serotonin efflux differs in the dorsal and median raphe nuclei.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Afferent Pathways; Animals; Bicuculline; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Extracellular Space; GABA Antagonists; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Motor Activity; Neural Inhibition; Pyridazines; Quinoxalines; Raphe Nuclei; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Serotonin | 2003 |
In vitro glutamate-stimulated release of dopamine from nucleus accumbens core and shell of spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Dopamine; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hypertension; In Vitro Techniques; Nucleus Accumbens; Perfusion; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Rats, Inbred WKY; Receptors, AMPA | 2003 |
Inhibition of alpha-subunit glycine receptors by quinoxalines.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Algorithms; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electrophysiology; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Humans; Oocytes; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glycine; Xenopus laevis | 2003 |
Dual roles in feeding for AMPA/kainate receptors: receptor activation or inactivation within distinct hypothalamic regions elicits feeding behavior.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Feeding Behavior; Glutamic Acid; Hypothalamic Area, Lateral; Hypothalamus; Male; Neural Pathways; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Synaptic Transmission | 2003 |
Simultaneous AMPA/kainate receptor blockade and dopamine D(2/3) receptor stimulation in the nucleus accumbens decreases brain stimulation reward in rats.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Male; Microinjections; Motor Activity; Nucleus Accumbens; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Regression Analysis; Reward; Tetrahydronaphthalenes; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2005 |
Roles of NMDA receptor NR2A and NR2B subtypes for long-term depression in the anterior cingulate cortex.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Chelating Agents; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Gyrus Cinguli; In Vitro Techniques; Long-Term Synaptic Depression; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Time Factors | 2005 |
Crystal structures of the kainate receptor GluR5 ligand binding core dimer with novel GluR5-selective antagonists.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Alanine; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Binding Sites; Crystallography, X-Ray; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GluK2 Kainate Receptor; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen Bonding; Models, Molecular; Oocytes; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Thymine; Xenopus laevis | 2006 |
Role of glutamate receptors in the ventromedial hypothalamus in the regulation of female rat sexual behaviors. II. Behavioral effects of selective glutamate receptor antagonists AP-5, CNQX, and DNQX.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Hypothalamus; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Receptors, Glutamate; Sexual Behavior, Animal | 2006 |
TARP auxiliary subunits switch AMPA receptor antagonists into partial agonists.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Benzodiazepines; Binding, Competitive; Cell Line; Cerebellum; Crystallography, X-Ray; Drug Partial Agonism; Hippocampus; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Interneurons; Mice; Models, Molecular; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Protein Conformation; Protein Subunits; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Structure-Activity Relationship; Synaptic Transmission; Trichlormethiazide | 2007 |
Pharmacologic analysis of the mechanism of dark neuron production in cerebral cortex.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Artifacts; Biopsy; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Dizocilpine Maleate; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hypoglycemia; Male; Neurons; Potassium Channel Blockers; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tetraethylammonium | 2008 |
Reduced expression of the "fast" calcium transporter PMCA2a during homeostatic plasticity.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Down-Regulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Homeostasis; Neuronal Plasticity; Plasma Membrane Calcium-Transporting ATPases; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate; Synapses | 2009 |
Selective excitatory actions of DNQX and CNQX in rat thalamic neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Membrane Potentials; Models, Animal; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Thalamus | 2010 |
Encoding of the cough reflex in anesthetized guinea pigs.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Anesthesia; Animals; Biphenyl Compounds; Citric Acid; Cough; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; GABA-B Receptor Agonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Guinea Pigs; Male; Mechanoreceptors; Propionates; Quinoxalines; Receptors, GABA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve; Reflex; Respiratory Mucosa; Sensory Receptor Cells; Solitary Nucleus; Substance P; Trachea; Vagus Nerve; Valine | 2011 |
Pre- and post-synaptic functions of kainate receptors at glutamate and GABA synapses in the rat entorhinal cortex.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Entorhinal Cortex; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Nerve Net; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 2012 |
Transmembrane AMPA receptor regulatory protein regulation of competitive antagonism: a problem of interpretation.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Calcium Channels; Cell Line; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA | 2011 |
Computation of standard binding free energies of polar and charged ligands to the glutamate receptor GluA2.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Algorithms; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Arachidonic Acids; Binding Sites; Entropy; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Molecular Dynamics Simulation; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Ionotropic Glutamate; Rotation; Static Electricity; Thermodynamics | 2014 |