pyrantel and moxidectin

Aedes aegypti is one of the main species responsible for the transmission of mosquito-borne pathogens worldwide. The isoxazoline Sarolaner has excellent efficacy as an acaricide against ticks and mites and as an insecticide against fleas, and potential efficacy against other insects.. In each of two laboratory studies, 24 dogs were randomly allocated (n = 8/group) to an untreated control group, a Simparica-treated group (at the minimum dose of 2.0 mg/kg sarolaner), or a Simparica Trio-treated group (at the minimum dose of 1.2 mg/kg sarolaner, 24 µg/kg moxidectin and 5 mg/kg pyrantel), based on pre-treatment mosquito counts. Treatments were administered orally once on day 0. Each dog was exposed to 50 unfed female adult A. aegypti mosquitoes for 1 h on days 1, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35. After each exposure, mosquitoes were counted for each dog and characterized as live, moribund or dead, and as fed or unfed. Dead mosquitoes were counted and removed at 12, 24 and 48 h post-exposure in study 1 and at 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 h post-exposure in study 2. In study 2, mosquito eggs were collected from 72 h post-exposure until 120 h post-exposure. Insecticidal efficacy was calculated based on the reduction of the arithmetic mean live fed-mosquito counts in each of the treated groups versus the untreated control group for every timepoint post-exposure.. Adequate challenge was demonstrated in both studies, with arithmetic mean live fed-mosquito counts ranging from 35.5 to 45.0 for the untreated group. Mean mosquito counts for dogs treated with Simparica and Simparica Trio were significantly (P < 0.0001) reduced within 48 h after exposure on all study days. In study 1, Simparica treatment provided ≥ 96.8% reduction in the arithmetic mean live fed-mosquito counts for 28 days, and Simparica Trio treatment provided ≥ 90.3% reduction for 21 days. In study 2, Simparica treatment provided ≥ 99.4% reduction for 35 days (from 48 h onwards), and Simparica Trio treatment provided ≥ 97.8% reduction for 28 days (from 72 h onwards).. Both studies demonstrated that a single oral dose of Simparica or Simparica Trio provides high efficacy against mosquitoes in dogs within 24-72 h after exposure for an entire month.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Aedes; Animals; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Drug Combinations; Female; Insecticides; Parasite Load; Pyrantel; Tick Infestations; Treatment Outcome

Assessment of the safety of heartworm preventatives in dogs with pre-existing patent heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis) infections is necessary because rapid adult worm and microfilarial death can lead to severe clinical complications, including thromboembolism and anaphylactic shock in dogs. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical safety of Simparica Trio. Twenty-four laboratory Beagle dogs were implanted with 10 male and 10 female D. immitis (ZoeKY isolate), and once infection was patent, they were randomized equally among three groups to receive no treatment, 1× or 3× the maximum recommended label dose of Simparica Trio. Dogs in the treated groups received Simparica Trio on days 0, 28 and 56. In-life assessments included body weight, physical examinations, clinical observations, daily general health observations, a quantitative estimate of food consumption and blood collections for pharmacokinetic (PK) analysis, microfilariae (MF) counts and D. immitis antigen testing. At the end of the study the heart, lungs and pleural and peritoneal cavities were examined for adult D. immitis worms.. Simparica Trio was generally well tolerated. Emesis occurred at low frequency in all groups including control. Abnormal stool occurred occasionally in the 1× and 3× groups throughout the 3-month study. Fever (> 104 °F/40 °C) was recorded in one 1× and one 3× dog 1 day after the first dose and resolved by the following day. No severe hypersensitivity reactions occurred. The mean number of circulating microfilariae (MF) counts in the control group increased from 12,000/ml at study start (Day 0) to > 20,000/ml at Day 28 and remained > 20,000/ml for the duration of the study. The least squares means of circulating MF were reduced by 69.8% on Day 1 and 97.4% on Day 7 for the 1× group and remained at > 99% lower than the control group for the remainder of the study. Similarly, least squares means of circulating MF were reduced by 85.3% on Day 1 and 93.9% on Day 7 for the 3× group and remained > 98% lower than the control group for the remainder of the study. At the end of the study, the mean number of implanted adult worms recovered was < 10 per sex in all groups with 90%, 85% and 75% of live adult heartworms recovered in control, 1× and 3× treatment groups, respectively. Low numbers of dead adult worms were recovered in 1× and 3×, with none in control. Following each dose, the moxidectin and sarolaner AUC and C. This study demonstrated that Simparica Trio (sarolaner, pyrantel, moxidectin) was well tolerated when administered to heartworm-positive dogs at 1× and 3× the maximum recommended dose at 28-day intervals for 3 consecutive months. Simparica Trio significantly reduced microfilaria counts in both treatment groups, without significant clinical consequences. At the doses administered, Simparica Trio had minor adulticidal activity but resulted in no clinical sequelae.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Dirofilaria immitis; Dirofilariasis; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Female; Macrolides; Male; Microfilariae; Pyrantel; Treatment Outcome

Infestation with Sarcoptes scabiei in dogs is a debilitating disease if left untreated and is transmissible to humans. Two field studies were conducted to confirm the efficacy of orally administered sarolaner in combination with moxidectin and pyrantel (Simparica Trio. Client-owned dogs with S. scabiei infestation were enrolled and received 2 monthly treatments. In the first, small-scale study, 12 dogs each were allocated randomly to treatment with either placebo or Simparica Trio. In the small-scale study, 2 monthly doses of Simparica Trio. Two-monthly doses of Simparica Trio

Topics: Acaricides; Animals; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Humans; Mite Infestations; Pyrantel; Sarcoptes scabiei; Scabies; Tablets; Treatment Outcome

One randomized, controlled clinical field study was conducted in 18 general veterinary practices throughout the USA to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a novel oral chewable combination tablet, Simparica Trio™, containing sarolaner, moxidectin and pyrantel for the treatment and prevention of fleas on dogs.. Client-owned dogs, from households of three or fewer dogs were eligible for enrollment. Four hundred and twenty-two dogs from 251 households were enrolled. Households were randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to treatment with either Simparica Trio™ at the minimum label dose of 1.2 mg/kg sarolaner, 24 µg/kg moxidectin and 5 mg/kg pyrantel (as pamoate salt) or afoxolaner (NexGard. Simparica Trio™ reduced geometric mean live flea counts by 99.0% by Day 30 and by 99.7% by Day 60. As a result of the rapid reduction in flea infestations, clinical signs associated with FAD substantially improved following treatment. Simparica Trio™ was well-tolerated and a diverse range of concomitant medications were administered to dogs during the course of the study. Simparica Trio™ chewable tablets were well-accepted by dogs, with the majority of flavored chewable tablets (91.9%) voluntarily consumed by free choice without, or when offered in food.. Simparica Trio™ administered orally once monthly for two consecutive treatments was safe and effective against natural flea infestations and substantially improved clinical signs associated with FAD in client-owned dogs in a field study conducted in the USA.

Topics: Acaricides; Administration, Oral; Animals; Azetidines; Dermatitis; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Drug Combinations; Female; Flea Infestations; Hospitals, Animal; Isoxazoles; Macrolides; Male; Naphthalenes; Parasite Load; Pyrantel; Siphonaptera; Spiro Compounds; Tablets; Treatment Outcome; United States

Infection with Angiostrongylus vasorum may cause severe clinical disease, even death in dogs, however, due to the often non-specific clinical signs, diagnosis is not always straightforward. Regular prophylactic treatment may offer a safe means to protect dogs against infection. The efficacy of a novel oral endectocide containing moxidectin, sarolaner and pyrantel was investigated for the prevention of angiostrongylosis in dogs in three placebo-controlled, randomized, masked studies. The initial study (Study 1) determined the efficacious dosage of moxidectin in the combination product by evaluating three different dose levels, and two follow-up studies (Studies 2 and 3) confirmed the efficacy of the selected moxidectin dose.. Animals were infected orally with 200 infective third-stage larvae (L3) of A. vasorum and were treated 28 days later with the combination product or with placebo. Timing of dosing relative to infection allowed for efficacy to be evaluated against the immature adult (L5) stage. Dogs in Study 1 received treatments with oral tablets to deliver 3, 12 or 24 µg/kg moxidectin in combination with 2 mg/kg sarolaner and 5.0 mg/kg pyrantel (as pamoate salt) or placebo. In Studies 2 and 3, Simparica Trio™ tablets were administered to provide minimum dosages of 1.2 mg/kg sarolaner, 24 µg/kg moxidectin and 5.0 mg/kg pyrantel (as pamoate salt). Efficacy of the combination product was calculated as the percent reduction in adult worm counts at necropsy relative to placebo.. In Study 1, the 3, 12 and 24 µg/kg moxidectin dosage in the combination product provided 7.2%, 54.5% and 94.7% efficacy against the immature adult stages of A. vasorum, respectively. Studies 2 and 3 confirmed that the efficacy of 24 µg/kg moxidectin combined with 1.2 mg/kg sarolaner and 5 mg/kg pyrantel in Simparica Trio™ was ≥ 92.9%. All three studies established that a single oral administration of 24 µg/kg moxidectin in the combination product provided effective prophylactic treatment for angiostrongylosis, reduced L1 production and fecal excretion and minimized the tissue damage to the lungs.. A single oral treatment of dogs with Simparica Trio™ providing moxidectin at a minimum dose of 24 µg/kg was efficacious in the prevention of angiostrongylosis.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Angiostrongylus; Animals; Antinematodal Agents; Azetidines; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Drug Combinations; Female; Macrolides; Male; Pyrantel; Spiro Compounds; Strongylida Infections; Treatment Outcome

Infection with the cardiopulmonary nematode Angiostrongylus vasorum may cause severe disease in dogs, therefore prophylactic treatments are necessary to prevent infection in dogs at risk. A clinical field study was conducted to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of an oral combination of sarolaner, moxidectin and pyrantel (Simparica Trio. Prevention and survey studies were both conducted at the same veterinary clinics in endemic hot spots for A. vasorum in Denmark and Italy. The prevention study was a randomized, placebo controlled, double masked study where 622 client-owned dogs were treated and tested at 30 days intervals for 10 months. In the survey study 1628 dogs that were at risk of infection and/or were suspected to be infected were tested by fecal and/or serological methods, and the percent of dogs positive for A. vasorum was calculated.. In the prevention study, there were no adverse events related to treatment with Simparica Trio. Monthly oral treatment with the combination of sarolaner, moxidectin and pyrantel (Simparica Trio

Topics: Administration, Oral; Angiostrongylus; Animals; Antinematodal Agents; Azetidines; Denmark; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Drug Combinations; Hospitals, Animal; Italy; Macrolides; Parasite Load; Pyrantel; Spiro Compounds; Strongylida Infections; Surveys and Questionnaires

Dirofilaria immitis is a filarial parasite of dogs that can cause serious or fatal cardiopulmonary disease. Three studies were conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of monthly treatment with moxidectin in a chewable tablet product in combination with sarolaner and pyrantel to prevent heartworm disease in dogs after experimental challenge and in a clinical field study in the USA.. In two laboratory studies, dogs (8 per group) that had been inoculated 30 days prior with 50 third-stage D. immitis larvae were randomized to treatment on Day 0 with placebo or combination product, at the minimum dose of 24 µg/kg moxidectin, 2 mg/kg sarolaner and 5 mg/kg pyrantel (as pamoate salt). Study 2 also included groups treated with tablets containing moxidectin-alone (24 µg/kg) or sarolaner-alone (2 mg/kg). Efficacy was evaluated ~ 5 months after inoculation by adult heartworm counts at necropsy. In the field study, 410 dogs ≥ 8 weeks-old from 23 USA veterinary clinics were treated for 11 months with either combination product at 24-48 µg/kg moxidectin, 2-4 mg/kg sarolaner and 5-10 mg/kg pyrantel (n = 272) or Heartgard® Plus (ivermectin/pyrantel) at the label recommended dose rate (n = 138). Efficacy was evaluated on Day 330 using antigen and microfilaria testing to assess adult heartworm infection.. In the laboratory studies, there were no heartworms recovered from any dog treated with the combination product or moxidectin alone and all dogs treated with placebo or sarolaner-alone were infected with 20-44 adult heartworms. In the field study, all dogs treated with the combination product tested negative for heartworm infection on Day 330, whereas two dogs treated with Heartgard® Plus tested positive. The Heartgard® Plus-treated dogs that tested heartworm positive were from the lower Mississippi River Valley region, where heartworm resistance has been confirmed to occur. The combination product was well tolerated in all studies.. In laboratory studies, no heartworms were recovered from dogs treated with a single dose of the novel combination product containing moxidectin, sarolaner and pyrantel. Additionally, in the field study no dog tested positive for adult heartworm infection when dosed with the combination product monthly for 11 months, while two dogs treated with Heartgard® Plus tested positive.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Antinematodal Agents; Azetidines; Chemoprevention; Dirofilaria immitis; Dirofilariasis; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Drug Therapy, Combination; Macrolides; Placebos; Pyrantel; Spiro Compounds; Treatment Outcome; United States

Topics: Ancylostomatoidea; Animals; Anthelmintics; Cat Diseases; Cats; Drug Therapy, Combination; Hookworm Infections; Macrolides; Praziquantel; Pyrantel; Single-Blind Method; Toxocara; Toxocariasis; Treatment Outcome

For a long time known as the oriental eyeworm, Thelazia callipaeda is a zoonotic nematode that infects the eyes of a wide range of vertebrate hosts including dogs, cats, wildlife carnivores, lagomorphs, and humans. The high occurrence of this infection in Europe and the first cases in the United States have increased scientific interest in the parasite, as it also represents a risk for people living in endemic areas. Therefore, treatment and prevention of thelaziosis in canine population are advocated to reduce the risk of human infection as well. Here, we assessed the efficacy of a formulation containing sarolaner/moxidectin/pyrantel (Simparica Trio. In G1, 16 out of 58 animals (27.6%) were observed with eyeworms during the study, and none of the animals from G2 were ever observed with eyeworms, resulting in 100% efficacy (P < 0.0001) in the prevention of establishment of T. callipaeda infection. Adult nematodes and fourth-instar (L4)-stage larvae were recovered from the eyes of positive animals, counted, and morphologically identified as T. callipaeda. In addition, specimens from Italy were molecularly confirmed as belonging to the haplotype 1 (i.e., the only one circulating in Europe so far).. Data presented herein demonstrated 100% efficacy of Simparica Trio for the prevention of T. callipaeda eyeworm infection in dogs from highly endemic areas of France and Italy. The use of this formulation is advantageous, as it is a licensed product in Europe with a wide efficacy spectrum against other nematodes, multiple tick species, and fleas. In addition, preventing the development of infection in dogs could also be a prophylaxis measure for zoonotic T. callipaeda infection in humans inhabiting endemic areas.

Topics: Animals; Azetidines; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Humans; Macrolides; Nematoda; Pyrantel; Spiro Compounds; Spirurida Infections; Thelazioidea

Five studies were conducted to evaluate a novel oral combination tablet containing sarolaner, moxidectin and pyrantel (Simparica Trio™), for efficacy against induced flea infestations, speed of kill and effects on flea reproduction on dogs.. Based on pre-treatment flea counts, dogs were randomly allocated to treatment with a single, oral dose of either placebo or Simparica Trio™ at the minimum label dose of 1.2 mg/kg sarolaner, 24 µg/kg moxidectin and 5 mg/kg pyrantel (as pamoate salt) on Day 0. All dogs were infested with approximately 100 unfed, adult fleas (C. felis or C. canis) prior to treatment and weekly for 5 weeks post-treatment. In Studies 1, 2 and 3, the number of viable fleas were comb-counted at 24 h after treatment and after each weekly infestation; Study 2 also included groups treated with tablets containing sarolaner-alone (1.2 mg/kg), moxidectin-alone (24 µg/kg) or pyrantel-alone (5 mg/kg). In Study 4, flea counts were conducted at 3, 4, 8 and 12 h after treatment and subsequent weekly infestations to establish speed of kill. In Study 5 (flea reproduction), dogs were housed in an enclosure designed to facilitate collection of flea eggs.. Efficacy of Simparica Trio™ against C. felis was ≥ 99.7% and against C. canis was 100% at 24 h after treatment and after subsequent infestations for at least 35 days. Treatment with sarolaner-alone had similar efficacy to Simparica Trio™, while moxidectin-alone and pyrantel-alone were no different from placebo at most time points. In Study 4, significant flea killing started at 4 h after treatment; by 8 h after treatment, all treated dogs were free of fleas. Following weekly re-infestation, the combination product reduced fleas by ≥ 97.8% within 12 h for 28 days. Simparica Trio™ reduced flea egg-laying by 100% for 35 days. No treatment-related adverse reactions occurred in any study.. A single dose of Simparica Trio™ at the recommended minimum dose provided highly efficacious and rapid treatment within 4 h of existing flea infestations and persistent control of fleas on dogs for 5 weeks. The efficacy against fleas resulted in 100% prevention of flea reproduction for over a month following a single oral dose.

Topics: Acaricides; Administration, Oral; Animals; Azetidines; Ctenocephalides; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Drug Combinations; Female; Flea Infestations; Macrolides; Male; Parasite Load; Pyrantel; Reproduction; Spiro Compounds; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome

Tick infestations can cause direct deleterious effects to dogs as a result of tick blood-feeding, and indirectly ticks can transmit disease agents that can be detrimental to the health of both dogs and humans. Six laboratory studies were conducted to support dosage selection and efficacy confirmation of a novel combination of sarolaner, moxidectin and pyrantel against four tick species that commonly infest dogs in Europe.. Two studies were conducted against Dermacentor reticulatus (one of which was a dose determination study), two against Ixodes ricinus, and one each against Ixodes hexagonus and Rhipicephalus sanguineus (sensu lato). In each study, eight purpose-bred Beagle or mix-breed dogs were randomly allocated to each treatment group and infested with 50 unfed adult ticks on Days-2, 5, 12, 19, 26 and 33. On Day 0 dogs were treated orally with placebo or the combination product. In the dose determination study, dogs received sarolaner at point dosages of 0.6 mg/kg, 1.2 mg/kg or 2.4 mg/kg in combination with moxidectin and pyrantel, and in all other studies dogs received Simparica Trio™ to provide minimum dosages of 1.2 mg/kg sarolaner, 24 µg/kg moxidectin and 5 mg/kg pyrantel (as pamoate salt). Efficacy was assessed based on live tick counts conducted 48 hours after treatment and each weekly infestation.. There were no treatment-related adverse events in any study. In the dose determination study, 1.2 mg/kg sarolaner was the lowest dosage evaluated that provided > 90% efficacy for at least 28 days and therefore was selected as the dosage to provide tick control for at least one month following a single oral treatment. In the dose confirmation studies, a single oral dose of Simparica Trio™ provided ≥ 99.2% efficacy against existing infestations of all tick species, and against re-infestations efficacy was ≥ 97.2% against D. reticulatus for 28 days and against all other species for 35 days.. These studies support the sarolaner dose selected and confirm the efficacy of a single oral dose of Simparica Trio™ against existing infestations and re-infestations of the common tick species infesting dogs in Europe for at least one month.

Topics: Acaricides; Administration, Oral; Animals; Azetidines; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Combinations; Europe; Female; Ixodidae; Macrolides; Male; Pyrantel; Spiro Compounds; Tablets; Tick Infestations; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome

Gastrointestinal nematodes are parasites that commonly infect dogs, and infections can be subclinical or may cause considerable clinical disease. Some species are zoonotic and may also cause clinical disease in humans. Year-round treatment of dogs is recommended to eliminate existing infections, which also indirectly reduces the potential for subsequent human exposure to zoonotic species. Here we present two studies that evaluated the safety and efficacy of a novel chewable oral tablet containing sarolaner, moxidectin and pyrantel against gastrointestinal nematode infections in dogs presented as veterinary patients in Europe and the USA.. Dogs naturally infected with Toxocara canis, Toxascaris leonina, Ancylostoma caninum and/or Uncinaria stenocephala were enrolled in the European study, and dogs naturally infected with T. canis were enrolled in the USA study. The animals were treated once orally with Simparica Trio™ tablets to provide 1.2-2.4 mg/kg sarolaner, 24-48 µg/kg moxidectin and 5-10 mg/kg pyrantel (as pamoate salt) or with a commercially available product according to the label directions as positive control. Efficacy was based on the post-treatment reduction in geometric mean egg counts (per gram feces) 7 or 10 days after treatment compared to pre-treatment egg counts.. Simparica Trio™ was well tolerated in both studies. In the European study, geometric mean egg counts for T. canis, T. leonina, A. caninum and U. stenocephala were reduced by ≥ 98.3% in the Simparica Trio™ group and by ≥ 97.4% in the afoxolaner + milbemycin oxime group. In the USA study, geometric mean egg counts for T. canis were reduced by 99.2% in the Simparica Trio™ group and by 98.6% in the ivermectin + pyrantel group. In the USA study, 48 and 10 dogs in the Simparica Trio™ and the ivermectin + pyrantel group, respectively, were co-infected with A. caninum and the reduction in the post-treatment mean fecal egg counts were 98.6% and 74.7%, respectively.. A single oral administration of Simparica Trio™ chewable tablets was well tolerated and was effective in the treatment of dogs with naturally occurring gastrointestinal nematode infections presented as veterinary patients in Europe and the USA.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Antinematodal Agents; Azetidines; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Drug Combinations; Europe; Female; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic; Macrolides; Male; Nematoda; Nematode Infections; Parasite Egg Count; Pyrantel; Spiro Compounds; Treatment Outcome; United States

Ancylostomatids ('hookworms') are among the most important zoonotic nematode parasites infecting dogs worldwide. Ancylostoma caninum and Uncinaria stenocephala are two of the most common hookworm species that infect dogs. Both immature and adult stages of hookworms are voracious blood feeders and can cause death in young dogs before infection can be detected by routine fecal examination. Hence, treatment of both immature and adult stages of hookworms will decrease the risk of important clinical disease in the dog as well as the environmental contamination caused by egg-laying adults, which should reduce the risk of infection for both dogs and humans. The studies presented here were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of a novel, oral chewable tablet containing sarolaner, moxidectin and pyrantel (Simparica Trio™), against induced larval (L. Eight negative-controlled, masked, randomized laboratory studies were conducted. Two separate studies were conducted against each of the target parasites and stages. Sixteen or 18 purpose bred dogs, 8 or 9 in each of the two treatment groups, were included in each study. Dogs experimentally infected with the target parasite were dosed once on Day 0 with either placebo tablets or Simparica Trio™ tablets to provide minimum dosages of 1.2 mg/kg sarolaner, 24 µg/kg moxidectin and 5.0 mg/kg pyrantel (as pamoate salt). Timing of dosing relative to parasite inoculation allowed for efficacy to be evaluated primarily against the target parasite stage. Worm counts were conducted 7 or 8 days after treatments during necropsy. Efficacy was based on the number of worms recovered at necropsy compared to placebo control.. Based on geometric mean worm counts, efficacy of Simparica Trio™ was ≥ 98.4% against L. These studies confirm the efficacy of a single oral dose of a novel, chewable tablet containing sarolaner, moxidectin and pyrantel (Simparica Trio™) against L

Topics: Administration, Oral; Ancylostomatoidea; Animals; Antinematodal Agents; Azetidines; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Drug Combinations; Hookworm Infections; Life Cycle Stages; Macrolides; Parasite Load; Pyrantel; Spiro Compounds; Tablets; Treatment Outcome

The black-legged (or deer) tick, Ixodes scapularis, commonly infests dogs in the USA and is the vector of important zoonotic pathogens, including Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme disease. Rapid onset of activity is important in reducing the feeding activity of ticks, thereby reducing the possibility of transmission of infections. The speed of kill of a novel oral combination product, Simparica Trio™ containing sarolaner, moxidectin and pyrantel was evaluated in a well-controlled laboratory study against an existing infestation and subsequent weekly induced infestations of I. scapularis ticks on dogs.. Dogs were allocated randomly based on host suitability tick counts to treatment with a single dose of either placebo or Simparica Trio™ at the minimum label dose of 1.2 mg/kg sarolaner, 24 µg/kg moxidectin and 5 mg/kg pyrantel (as pamoate salt). All dogs were infested with approximately 50 unfed adult I. scapularis ticks at a 1:1 sex ratio on Days -2, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35. Tick counts were conducted at 8, 12 and 24 h after treatment on Day 0 and after each subsequent infestation.. No treatment-related adverse events occurred during the study. Dogs in the placebo-treated group maintained adequate tick infestations for the duration of the study. Day 0 tick counts at 8 h after treatment with Simparica Trio™ were reduced relative to placebo against an existing infestation with efficacy of 67.5%, demonstrating that Simparica Trio™ started killing ticks soon after treatment. Efficacy was 98.4 % at 12 h and 99.4% at 24 h. Rapid speed of kill was maintained throughout the month, with efficacy of ≥ 94.2% at 24 h after re-infestation through Day 28.. A single dose of Simparica Trio™ administered orally to dogs at the minimum label dose of 1.2 mg/kg sarolaner, 24 µg/kg moxidectin and 5 mg/kg pyrantel (as pamoate salt) was safe and began to kill existing I. scapularis ticks within 8 h after treatment and resulted in ≥ 94.2% efficacy within 24 h against re-infestations for a month.

Topics: Acaricides; Administration, Oral; Animals; Arachnid Vectors; Azetidines; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Drug Combinations; Female; Ixodes; Macrolides; Male; Parasite Load; Pyrantel; Spiro Compounds; Tick Infestations; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome

The efficacy of a novel oral combination product, Simparica Trio™, containing sarolaner, moxidectin and pyrantel was evaluated against five tick species that commonly infest dogs in the USA, Amblyomma americanum, Amblyomma maculatum, Dermacentor variabilis, Ixodes scapularis and Rhipicephalus sanguineus.. Laboratory studies were conducted against two different strains of each tick species. In each study, 10 purpose-bred Beagle or mixed-breed dogs were randomly allocated to one of two treatment groups based on pre-treatment host-suitability tick counts. Dogs were infested with approximately 50 (45-55) unfed adult ticks on Days -2, 5, 12, 19, 26 and 33. On Day 0, dogs received either a single oral dose of Simparica Trio™ at the minimum label dose of 1.2 mg/kg sarolaner, 24 µg/kg moxidectin and 5 mg/kg pyrantel (as pamoate salt) or placebo. Tick counts were conducted at 48 h post-treatment and after each subsequent weekly re-infestation for A. maculatum, D. variabilis, I. scapularis and R. sanguineus studies and at 48 hours or at 72 h post-treatment and after weekly re-infestation in the first and second A. americanum studies, respectively.. No treatment-related adverse reactions occurred in any study. In all studies, placebo-treated dogs maintained infestations throughout the entire study duration, and dogs treated with Simparica Trio™ had significantly lower (P ≤ 0.0010) mean live tick counts than placebo-treated dogs at all time-points. Against A. maculatum, D. variabilis, I. scapularis and R. sanguineus, a single oral dose of Simparica Trio™ evaluated at 48 h post-treatment provided ≥ 98.9% efficacy against existing infestations, and within 48 h of re-infestation efficacy was ≥ 90.4% through at least Day 28 (except for R. sanguineus on Day 14 in a single study with an efficacy of 89.7%). Against A. americanum, Simparica Trio™ provided ≥ 99.4% efficacy at ≤ 72 h after treatment of existing infestations and maintained ≥ 98.4% efficacy at ≤ 72 h after re-infestation through at least Day 35.. A single dose of Simparica Trio™ administered orally at the minimum label dosage of 1.2 mg/kg sarolaner, 24 µg/kg moxidectin and 5 mg/kg pyrantel provided treatment and control of the common tick species infesting dogs in the USA for at least one month.

Topics: Acaricides; Administration, Oral; Animals; Azetidines; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Drug Combinations; Ixodidae; Macrolides; Parasite Load; Pyrantel; Spiro Compounds; Tick Infestations; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; United States

Ascarid infections are among the most prevalent intestinal parasitic infections occurring in dogs around the world, with Toxocara canis and Toxascaris leonina commonly observed. Toxocara canis can cause considerable disease in dogs and humans, and year-round prophylactic treatment and control in dogs is recommended. Elimination of immature stages of these parasites before egg-laying will reduce environmental contamination and the risk of infection for both dogs and humans. Studies were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of a novel, oral chewable tablet containing sarolaner, moxidectin and pyrantel (Simparica Trio™) against induced immature adult (L. Based on geometric mean worm counts, efficacy of the sarolaner + moxidectin + pyrantel combination was ≥ 95.2% against immature adult T. canis, ≥ 97.3% against adult T. canis, and ≥ 89.7% against adult T. leonina. There were no treatment-related adverse events in any study.. These studies confirm the efficacy of a single dose of a new oral chewable tablet containing sarolaner, moxidectin and pyrantel (Simparica Trio™) against immature adult and adult T. canis, and adult T. leonina infections in dogs.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Antinematodal Agents; Ascaridida Infections; Azetidines; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Drug Combinations; Female; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic; Macrolides; Male; Parasite Egg Count; Pyrantel; Spiro Compounds; Tablets; Toxascaris; Toxocara canis; Treatment Outcome

A novel chewable oral tablet containing sarolaner, moxidectin and pyrantel (Simparica Trio™) has recently been developed to provide persistent protection against flea and tick infections for a month, treatment of hookworm and roundworm infections and prevention of heartworm and lungworm disease in dogs. Two field studies were conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Simparica Trio™ against natural flea and tick infestations on dogs in Europe.. Dogs with natural flea or tick infestations were allocated randomly to treatment on Day 0 with either Simparica Trio™ tablets (flea study: n = 297; tick study: n = 189) to provide 1.2-2.4 mg/kg sarolaner, 24-48 µg/kg moxidectin and 5-10 mg/kg pyrantel (as pamoate salt) or with NexGard® Spectra (afoxolaner + milbemycin oxime) according to the label instructions (flea study: n = 164; tick study: n = 91). Efficacy was calculated based on the mean percent reduction in live parasite counts compared to the respective pre-treatment counts on Days 14 and 30 in the flea study and on Days 7, 14, 21 and 30 in the tick study. To count the fleas, the dog's entire coat was systematically combed using an extra fine-tooth flea comb until all fleas were removed. For the tick counts, the dog's entire coat was searched manually. Resolution of the clinical signs of flea allergy dermatitis (FAD) was assessed in flea allergic dogs in the flea study. Palatability was assessed in both studies.. Simparica Trio™ was well tolerated in both studies. Efficacy against fleas was ≥ 97.9% in the Simparica Trio™ group and ≥ 96.1% in the NexGard® Spectra group. Efficacy against ticks was ≥ 94.8% in the Simparica Trio™ group and ≥ 94.4% in the NexGard® Spectra group. Clinical signs of flea allergy dermatitis improved following treatment with Simparica Trio™. Simparica Trio™ tablets were voluntarily and fully consumed on ≥ 78% of the 485 occasions they were offered.. A single oral dose of Simparica Trio™ was safe and highly efficacious against naturally occurring flea and tick infestations for 1 month on dogs. Clinical signs of FAD improved following treatment. Simparica Trio™ was voluntarily and readily consumed by most dogs.

Topics: Acaricides; Administration, Oral; Animals; Azetidines; Dermatitis; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Drug Combinations; Female; Flea Infestations; Macrolides; Male; Parasite Load; Pyrantel; Spiro Compounds; Tablets; Tick Infestations; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome

Topics: Animals; Anthelmintics; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Ascariasis; Ascaris; Drug Resistance, Multiple; Female; Horse Diseases; Horses; Ivermectin; Macrolides; Male; Netherlands; Parasite Egg Count; Pyrantel

To evaluate the efficacy with which recommendations of means to avoid the spread of anthelmintic resistance in parasitic nematode populations are communicated to farmers on dairy goat farms in France, a questionnaire survey was undertaken on their use of antiparasitic drugs. Information was collected from 73 farms in two main areas of dairy goat production. The data referred to three years. Anthelmintics were used in 69 farms, the mean number of treatments per year being 2.74. Changing the drug from one year to another was not practised. Moreover, of the 58 farms using two or more treatments per year, only 37% used anthelmintics from different classes in the lactation and drying-off periods. Benzimidazoles and probenzimidazoles were given in all except two farms and these substances represented more than 80% of all the treatments. Levamisole/pyrantel or avermectins were used in 15% and 27% of the farms, respectively. Double the ovine dose, as recommended in goats to ensure efficacy of benzimidazoles, was applied in 55% of the farms. In addition, in all the flocks, the substances were given on the basis of a mean estimated live weight and not by reference to the heaviest animal. These results indicate that errors in the use of anthelmintics are still frequent in dairy goat farms in France, with probable consequences for the spread of anthelmintic resistance in the populations of parasites.

Topics: Animal Husbandry; Animals; Anthelmintics; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Benzimidazoles; Female; France; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Goat Diseases; Goats; Ivermectin; Levamisole; Macrolides; Nematode Infections; Pyrantel; Surveys and Questionnaires