pulmicort and fexofenadine

Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Budesonide; Double-Blind Method; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Leukotriene Antagonists; Loratadine; Quality of Life; Rhinitis, Allergic; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal; Terfenadine

T helper type 2 (Th2), Th17, and regulatory T cells (Tregs) play essential roles in the pathogenesis and control of allergic rhinitis (AR). Fexofenadine and budesonide are first-line treatments for AR. This study aimed to investigate the effect of co-treatment with fexofenadine and budesonide on the expression of Th2, Th17, and Treg-specific transcription factors (GATA-binding protein 3 [GATA-3], RAR-related orphan receptor gamma [RORγt], and forkhead box P3 [FoxP3], respectively) in AR patients.. In this study, 29 AR patients were co-treated with fexofenadine and budesonide for 1 month. Blood was collected from AR patients before and after 1 month of treatment. The gene expression levels of GATA-3, RORγt, and FoxP3 transcription factors in blood samples were measured. In addition, serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels and eosinophil percentages in blood samples were determined.. The expression level of FoxP3 increased significantly after treatment compared with that before treatment (. Our results showed that combined treatment with fexofenadine and budesonide increased the expression level of the FoxP3 gene, decreased the percentage of peripheral blood eosinophils, and improved the clinical symptoms of AR patients. This regimen appears to improve disease symptoms, at least in part by increasing the Treg population and decreasing the eosinophil population.

Topics: Budesonide; Forkhead Transcription Factors; Gene Expression; Humans; Immunoglobulin E; Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3; Rhinitis, Allergic; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory; Th17 Cells; Transcription Factors

Application of information on regional intestinal permeability has been identified as a key aspect of successful pharmaceutical product development. This study presents the results and evaluation of an approach for the indirect estimation of site-specific in vivo intestinal effective permeability (Peff) in humans. Plasma concentration-time profiles from 15 clinical studies that administered drug solutions to specific intestinal regions were collected and analyzed. The intestinal absorption rate for each drug was acquired by deconvolution, using historical intravenous data as reference, and used with the intestinal surface area and the dose remaining in the lumen to estimate the Peff. Forty-three new Peff values were estimated (15 from the proximal small intestine, 11 from the distal small intestine, and 17 from the large intestine) for 14 active pharmaceutical ingredients representing a wide range of biopharmaceutical properties. A good correlation (r(2) = 0.96, slope = 1.24, intercept = 0.030) was established between these indirect jejunal Peff estimates and jejunal Peff measurements determined directly using the single-pass perfusion double balloon technique. On average, Peff estimates from the distal small intestine and large intestine were 90% and 40%, respectively, of those from the proximal small intestine. These results support the use of the evaluated deconvolution method for indirectly estimating regional intestinal Peff in humans. This study presents the first comprehensive data set of estimated human regional intestinal permeability values for a range of drugs. These biopharmaceutical data can be used to improve the accuracy of gastrointestinal absorption predictions used in drug development decision-making.

Topics: Budesonide; Colon; Cyclosporine; Fenofibrate; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Intestinal Mucosa; Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate; Metoprolol; Nifedipine; Pyrimidines; Ranitidine; Rivastigmine; Sumatriptan; Terfenadine; Theophylline

There are no studies in Indian literature on compliance to various medications for allergic diseases such as nasal sprays, inhalers, immunotherapy and antihistamines. This study was initiated to cover this lacuna. Eighty young patients suffering from asthma with rhinitis or urticaria between the age group of 10 and 40 years were included in this study. Compliance to medications was carefully observed using dose diaries for a period of one year. The data obtained revealed the highest compliance for sublingual immunotherapy (84.19%) and the lowest for a nasal spray (62.32%). The compliance for a dry powder inhaler was 69.31% and for fexofenadine tablets it was 71.78%. These figures are surprisingly low, especially since this study was conducted in a private clinic.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anti-Allergic Agents; Asthma; Bronchodilator Agents; Budesonide; Child; Ethanolamines; Female; Formoterol Fumarate; Humans; Immunoglobulin E; India; Male; Patient Compliance; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial; Skin Tests; Spirometry; Terfenadine; Treatment Outcome; Urticaria