progoitrin and goitrin

progoitrin has been researched along with goitrin* in 7 studies

Reviews

1 review(s) available for progoitrin and goitrin

ArticleYear
Concentrations of thiocyanate and goitrin in human plasma, their precursor concentrations in brassica vegetables, and associated potential risk for hypothyroidism.
    Nutrition reviews, 2016, Volume: 74, Issue:4

    Brassica vegetables are common components of the diet and have beneficial as well as potentially adverse health effects. Following enzymatic breakdown, some glucosinolates in brassica vegetables produce sulforaphane, phenethyl, and indolylic isothiocyanates that possess anticarcinogenic activity. In contrast, progoitrin and indolylic glucosinolates degrade to goitrin and thiocyanate, respectively, and may decrease thyroid hormone production. Radioiodine uptake to the thyroid is inhibited by 194 μmol of goitrin, but not by 77 μmol of goitrin. Collards, Brussels sprouts, and some Russian kale (Brassica napus) contain sufficient goitrin to potentially decrease iodine uptake by the thyroid. However, turnip tops, commercial broccoli, broccoli rabe, and kale belonging to Brassica oleracae contain less than 10 μmol of goitrin per 100-g serving and can be considered of minimal risk. Using sulforaphane plasma levels following glucoraphanin ingestion as a surrogate for thiocyanate plasma concentrations after indole glucosinolate ingestion, the maximum thiocyanate contribution from indole glucosinolate degradation is estimated to be 10 μM, which is significantly lower than background plasma thiocyanate concentrations (40-69 μM). Thiocyanate generated from consumption of indole glucosinolate can be assumed to have minimal adverse risks for thyroid health.

    Topics: Brassica; Diet; Glucosinolates; Humans; Hypothyroidism; Imidoesters; Indoles; Iodine; Isothiocyanates; Oxazolidinones; Oximes; Plant Extracts; Sulfoxides; Thiocyanates; Thyroid Gland; Thyroid Hormones; Vegetables

2016

Other Studies

6 other study(ies) available for progoitrin and goitrin

ArticleYear
Antiviral activity of Isatidis Radix derived glucosinolate isomers and their breakdown products against influenza A in vitro/ovo and mechanism of action.
    Journal of ethnopharmacology, 2020, Apr-06, Volume: 251

    Isatidis Radix, the sun-dried roots of Isatis indigotica Fortune ex Lindl., is one of the most usually used traditional Chinese medicines. For centuries, the herb has been employed in clinical practice for treatment of virus infection and inflammation. However, its active ingredients remain unclear.. In the present study, the anti-influenza virus activity of epiprogoitrin, progoitrin, epigoitrin and goitrin, the Isatidis Radix derived glucosinolate isomers and their breakdown products, was firstly evaluated in vitro and in ovo and their mechanism of action was investigated.. Epiprogoitrin, progoitrin, epigoitrin and goitrin were isolated from Isatidis Radix by chiral separation. In vitro and in ovo evaluations were performed on Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells and embryonated eggs respectively, both using protocols including prevention, treatment and virus neutralization. Hemagglutination (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) inhibition assays were performed for further understanding of the antiviral mechanism.. Isatidis Radix derived glucosinolate isomers and their breakdown products all exhibited dose-dependent inhibition effect against influenza A virus (H1N1) without toxicity. The antiviral potency of the components was in the order of progoitrin > goitrin > epigoitrin > epiprogoitrin. The attachment of the constituents to the viral envelope conduced to the mechanism of their antiviral action without disturbing viral adsorption or budding.. Taken together, these results are promising for further development of Isatidis Radix and may contribute an adjunct to pharmacotherapy for influenza virus infection.

    Topics: Animals; Antiviral Agents; Cell Survival; Chick Embryo; Dogs; Glucosinolates; Hemagglutination Tests; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype; Isatis; Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells; Neuraminidase; Oxazolidinones; Plant Roots

2020
Separation and Quantification of Four Main Chiral Glucosinolates in
    Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2018, May-29, Volume: 23, Issue:6

    As chemical drugs, separation and quantification of the specific enantiomer from the chiral compounds in herbal medicines are becoming more important. To clarify the chemical characterization of chiral glucosinolates-the antiviral active ingredients of

    Topics: Antiviral Agents; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Circular Dichroism; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Glucosinolates; Humans; Liquid-Liquid Extraction; Medicine, Chinese Traditional; Oxazolidinones; Plant Extracts; Plant Roots; Stereoisomerism

2018
Extraction and characterization of glucosinolates and isothiocyanates from rape seed meal.
    Journal of oleo science, 2014, Volume: 63, Issue:3

    While some isothiocyanate (ITCs) are attractive targets for the agricultural and pharmaceutical industries, the presence of goitrin and ITCs has hampered the widespread utilization of rapeseed meal. ITCs are the products of the myrosinase-mediated hydrolysis of glucosinolate (GSLs). As such, a study was conducted in order to gain a better understanding into the identity of the GSLs contained in rapeseed meal. Extraction of the GSLs was carried out with 20% ethanol, affording 3.0% GSL content. The resulting GSL extracts were purified via silica gel column chromatography resulting in the isolation of main three pure GLSs (GSL A, B, and C) and a final GSL content of 39.8%. The indirect-identification of the GSLs in rapeseed meal was also carried out via GC/MS analysis of ITCs. The GSLs, progoitrin and gluconapin, were present in the highest concentration in these extracts. Interestingly, only goitrin was produced when GSL A was the substrate for the defatted rapeseed meal mediated hydrolysis reaction. This indicates GSL A is a progoitrin. Conversely, 3-butenyl ITC was produced only when GSL B was used as substrate, indicating GSL B is gluconapin. These results will be helpful for opening the doors for the use of rapeseed meal in the agricultural or pharmaceutical sectors.

    Topics: Brassica rapa; Chromatography; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Glucosinolates; Glycoside Hydrolases; Hydrolysis; Isothiocyanates; Oxazolidinones

2014
Biotransformation of glucosinolates epiprogoitrin and progoitrin to (R)- and (S)-Goitrin in Radix isatidis.
    Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 2011, Dec-14, Volume: 59, Issue:23

    Radix isatidis is an important traditional Chinese medicine with antiviral efficacy. (R)- and (S)-Goitrin are its main bioactive constituents in the 2010 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. (R)- and (S)-Goitrin are the breakdown products of epiprogoitrin and progoitrin from R. isatidis. The biotransformation of glucosinolates epiprogoitrin and progoitrin to (R)- and (S)-goitrin, however, is still unclear. In the current paper, the biotransformation of glucosinolates was studied. First, the high-performance liquid chromatography methods to analyze glucosinolates and their breakdown products were developed. Then, the biotransformation of individual glucosinolates such as epiprogoitrin and progoitrin was investigated under different pH conditions. Lastly, their biotransformation under five extraction environments was studied. The results showed that (R)- and (S)-goitrin were the most noteworthy breakdown products. Their relative transformation rates were about 70-80%, and the influence of different extraction environments on the transformation rate was not significant. These results would serve as a theoretical basis for industrial production and quality control and would be helpful for further studies on the biotransformation of glucosinolates.

    Topics: Antiviral Agents; Brassicaceae; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Glucosinolates; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Oxazolidinones

2011
Preliminary observations on the effect of dietary brussels sprouts on thyroid function.
    Human toxicology, 1986, Volume: 5, Issue:1

    Brassica vegetables are the major source of glucosinolates in the human diet. Certain glucosinolates are readily converted into goitrogenic species, notably 5-vinyloxazolidine-2-thione and thiocyanate ion. The effect of dietary Brussels sprouts, a particularly rich source of such glucosinolates, on thyroid function has been examined. Inclusion of cooked Brussels sprouts (150 g daily for 4 weeks) into a normal diet of 10 volunteer subjects had no effect on thyroid function as determined by measurement of thyrotrophic hormone, thyroxine and tri-iodothyronine even though the sprouts contained high concentrations (220 mg/100 g) of glucosinolates. In view of the reported antithyroid activity of 5-vinyloxazolidine-2-thione it is suggested that this lack of activity of cooked Brussels sprouts is due to inactivation during cooking of myrosinase, the specific glucosinolate-degrading enzyme.

    Topics: Antithyroid Agents; Brassica; Female; Glucosinolates; Humans; Indoles; Male; Oxazoles; Oxazolidinones; Thioglycosides; Thyroid Hormones; Thyrotropin; Thyroxine; Thyroxine-Binding Proteins; Triiodothyronine

1986
MYROSINASE ACTIVITY IN BACTERIA AS DEMONSTRATED BY THE CONVERSION OF PROGOITRIN TO GOITRIN.
    Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine (New York, N.Y.), 1965, Volume: 119

    Topics: Bacteria; Enterobacteriaceae; Glucosinolates; Glycoside Hydrolases; Hydrolases; Intestines; Metabolism; Oxazoles; Oxazolidinones; Research

1965