procyanidin has been researched along with procyanidin b2 in 184 studies
| Studies (procyanidin) | Trials (procyanidin) | Recent Studies (post-2010) (procyanidin) | Studies (procyanidin b2) | Trials (procyanidin b2) | Recent Studies (post-2010) (procyanidin b2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4,116 | 136 | 2,747 | 208 | 3 | 155 |
| Protein | Taxonomy | procyanidin (IC50) | procyanidin b2 (IC50) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alpha-synuclein | Homo sapiens (human) | 4.3 |
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 0 (0.00) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 2 (1.09) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 39 (21.20) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 97 (52.72) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 46 (25.00) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Agarwal, R; Chen, Y; Wang, J; Zhao, J | 1 |
| Kanda, T; Shoji, T; Yanagida, A | 1 |
| George, C; Kozikowski, AP; Tückmantel, W | 1 |
| Foo, LY; Howell, AB; Lu, Y; Vorsa, N | 1 |
| de Pascual-Teresa, S; Rivas-Gonzalo, JC; Santos-Buelga, C | 1 |
| Hatano, T; Miyatake, H; Nakamura, T; Natsume, M; Osakabe, N; Takizawa, T; Yamagishi, M; Yoshida, T | 1 |
| Chen, YJ; Hano, Y; Nomura, T; Tan, RX; Wang, JN | 1 |
| Butterweck, V; Korte, B; Winterhoff, H | 1 |
| Kondo, K; Natsume, M; Osakabe, N; Takizawa, T; Terao, J; Yasuda, A | 1 |
| Graefe, EU; Jaki, B; Leipolz, I; Treutter, D; Veit, M; Wittig, J | 1 |
| Cuendet, M; Hawthorne, ME; Kinghorn, AD; Mehta, RG; Mérillon, JM; Pezzuto, JM; Waffo-Téguo, P | 1 |
| Chou, CJ; Kuo, YC; Lin, LC | 1 |
| Amiot, MJ; Dangles, O; Malien-Aubert, C | 1 |
| Buhler, DR; Deinzer, ML; Miranda, CL; Schimerlik, M; Stevens, JF; Wolthers, KR | 1 |
| Baba, S; Natsume, M; Osakabe, N; Terao, J | 1 |
| Cantos, E; Espín, JC; Tomás-Barberán, FA | 1 |
| Butterweck, V; Liefländer-Wulf, U; Nahrstedt, A; Winterhoff, H | 1 |
| Akiyama, H; Goda, Y; Kanda, T; Mutsuga, M; Nakamura, T; Shoji, T | 1 |
| Bommer, S; Hostanska, K; Reichling, J; Saller, R; Weber, M | 1 |
| Aruoma, OI; Aumjaud, E; Bahorun, T; Luximon-Ramma, A; Ramphul, H; Rycha, M; Trotin, F | 1 |
| Bailleul, F; Duriez, P; Fruchart, JC; Quettier-Deleu, C; Teissier, E; Trotin, F; Vasseur, J; Voiselle, G | 1 |
| Chinnici, F; Gaiani, A; Galassi, S; Natali, N; Riponi, C | 1 |
| Hamada, H; Iigo, M; Kojima, S; Nomoto, H; Tsuda, H | 1 |
| Doi, Y; Ikawa, H; Mizushina, Y; Nakajima, N; Saito, A; Tanaka, A; Yoshida, H | 1 |
| Hiraku, Y; Kawanishi, S; Mizutani, M; Murata, M; Oikawa, S; Sakano, K | 1 |
| Kwik-Uribe, CL; Li, Y; Liu, HQ; Xie, KQ; Yin, LL; Zhang, WY; Zhu, XZ | 1 |
| Kamimura, A; Morohashi, M; Takahashi, T; Takano, Y | 1 |
| Augur, C; Contreras-Domínguez, M; Guyot, S; Le Petit, J; Marnet, N; Perraud-Gaime, I; Roussos, S | 1 |
| Cai, X; Chen, DM; Kwik-Uribe, CL; Zeng, R; Zhu, XZ | 1 |
| Hu, YC; Huang, XZ; Liu, Y; Qu, J; Yu, SS | 1 |
| Cho, ES; Lee, HJ; Lee, KW | 1 |
| Adamo, AM; Decker, NP; Mackenzie, GG; Oteiza, PI | 1 |
| Liu, L; Sun, ZD; Wu, H; Xiao, JS; Xie, BJ; Yang, EN | 1 |
| Hwang, MK; Kang, NJ; Kim, JH; Lee, HJ; Lee, KW; Oak, MH; Schini-Kerth, VB | 1 |
| Arimori, K; Hidaka, M; Hosoi, S; Okumura, M; Sakushima, A; Shimizu, E; Yamada, M | 1 |
| Bode, AM; Dong, Z; Kang, NJ; Lee, DE; Lee, HJ; Lee, KW; Rogozin, EA | 1 |
| Cai, YL; Feng, C; Ruan, JL; Wu, XH; Zhang, SA; Zhou, DN | 1 |
| Cho, ES; Hwang, MK; Jang, YJ; Kang, NJ; Kim, YT; Lee, HJ; Lee, KW | 1 |
| Matalka, KZ; Nahrstedt, A; Petereit, F; Qa'dan, F; Verspohl, EJ | 1 |
| Appeldoorn, MM; Gruppen, H; Hollman, PC; Vincken, JP | 1 |
| Anke, T; Erkel, G; Jung, M; Richling, E; Triebel, S | 1 |
| Barron, D; Brown, JE; Clifford, MN; King, LJ; Stoupi, S; Viton, F; Williamson, G | 1 |
| Barron, D; Clifford, MN; Drynan, JW; Stoupi, S; Williamson, G | 2 |
| Agarwal, C; Agarwal, R; Chou, SC; Kaur, M; Thompson, JA | 1 |
| Bravo, L; Goya, L; Martín, MA; Ramos, S; Rodríguez-Ramiro, I | 3 |
| Ackermann, M; Hecker, D; Huemmer, W; Kahle, K; Kautenburger, T; Kempf, M; Richling, E; Scheppach, W; Schreier, P; Schrenk, D | 1 |
| Cai, Q; Cheng, M; Gao, HQ; Li, BY; Li, XL; Lu, M; Zhang, JH | 1 |
| Cai, Q; Cheng, M; Gao, HQ; Li, BY; Li, XL; Wang, JF; Yu, F; Zhang, JH; Zhou, RH | 1 |
| Cai, Q; Gao, HQ; Li, BY; Wang, JF; Yin, M; Yu, F; Zhang, JH; Zhang, Z | 1 |
| Ardèvol, A; Blay, M; González-Abuín, N; Martinez-Micaelo, N; Pinent, M; Richart, C; Terra, X | 1 |
| Agarwal, C; Agarwal, R; Gu, M; Shrestha, SP; Thompson, JA; Wempe, MF | 1 |
| Baron, A; Guyot, S; Poupard, P; Renard, CM; Sanoner, P | 1 |
| Anna Milella, R; Antonacci, D; Coletta, A; Crupi, P; Gasparro, M; Genghi, R; Perniola, R | 1 |
| Keen, CL; Kwik-Uribe, C; Ottaviani, JI; Schroeter, H | 1 |
| Feliciano, RP; Howell, AB; Krueger, CG; Reed, JD; Shanmuganayagam, D; Shea, MP | 1 |
| Deters, A; Hensel, A; Zumdick, S | 1 |
| Cai, Q; Cheng, M; Gao, HQ; Li, BY; Li, XL; Lu, WD; Wang, JF; Yin, M; Yu, F; Zhang, JH; Zhang, Z; Zhou, RH | 1 |
| Bai, X; Ren, S; Zhang, H | 1 |
| Kawahara, N; Kida, H; Li, F; Tanaka, K; Tezuka, Y; Watanabe, S | 1 |
| Cai, Q; Cheng, M; Gao, HQ; Li, BY; Li, XL; Lu, WD; Shen, L; Wang, JF; Yu, F; Zhang, Z; Zhou, RH | 1 |
| Gao, S; Hou, R; Liang, R; Wang, L; Yan, R; Yang, B; Zhang, J | 1 |
| Fujii, H; Hattori, Y; Katoh, M; Kawaguchi, K; Kawahara, S; Makabe, H; Matsumoto, K; Suda, M; Toda, K | 1 |
| Byun, EB; Byun, EH; Kim, JH; Kim, JK; Lee, JW; Park, HJ; Park, JH; Park, SH; Song, BS; Song, DS; Sung, NY; Yang, MS | 1 |
| Cai, Q; Cheng, M; Gao, HQ; Li, BY; Li, XL; Wang, JF; Yin, WB; Yu, F; Zhang, JH; Zhang, Z; Zhou, RH | 1 |
| Fukami, H; Iwashita, T; Yano, Y | 1 |
| Akileshwari, C; Muthenna, P; Raghu, G; Reddy, GB; Sinha, SN; Suryanarayana, P | 1 |
| Allan, AC; Bovy, A; Butts, CA; Espley, RV; Hedderley, D; Hellens, RP; Laing, WA; Martell, S; McGhie, TK; Paturi, G; Putterill, J; Schouten, HJ; Smith, H; Zhang, J | 1 |
| Gaivelyte, K; Jakstas, V; Janulis, V; Razukas, A | 1 |
| Amponsah, IK; Dickson, RA; Ekuadzi, E; Fleischer, TC; Oberer, L; Pistorius, D | 1 |
| Gu, L; Khoo, C; Ou, K; Sarnoski, P; Schneider, KR; Song, K | 1 |
| Cibaka, ML; Collin, S; De Taeye, C; Jerkovic, V | 1 |
| Kumar, PA; Muthenna, P; Raghu, G; Reddy, GB; Surekha, MV | 1 |
| Cai, Q; Cheng, M; Gao, HQ; Li, BY; Li, XL; Luan, SS; Qin, RJ; Yin, WB; Yu, F | 1 |
| Cai, Q; Cheng, M; Gao, H; Li, B; Li, X; Wang, J; Yin, W; Yu, F; Zhang, J; Zhang, Z; Zhou, R | 1 |
| Ardévol, A; Blay, M; González-Abuín, N; Martinez-Micaelo, N; Pinent, M | 1 |
| Bao, L; Cai, X; Li, Y; Zhang, Z | 1 |
| Jiang, M; Luo, X; Ni, J; Wang, N; Xiao, L; Yang, H; Yuan, Y | 1 |
| Berregi, I; Dueñas, MT; Ostra, M; Puertas, AI; Zuriarrain, A; Zuriarrain, J | 1 |
| Heo, HJ; Jeong, JH; Jin, DE; Kim, HJ; Kwon, OJ; Park, SK | 1 |
| Gao, L; Jiang, X; Li, M; Liu, L; Liu, Y; Meng, F; Qian, Y; Tan, H; Wang, YS; Wu, Y; Xia, T; Zhao, L | 1 |
| Beckert, S; Beikler, T; Brandt, S; Hensel, A; Hermann, F; Löhr, G; Schmidt, TJ; Schmuch, J | 1 |
| Bernatoniene, J; Kasauskas, A; Kopustinskiene, DM; Masteikova, R; Savickas, A; Vetchý, D | 1 |
| Deb, M; Kar, S; Parbin, S; Patra, SK; Pradhan, N; Rakshit, M; Rath, SK; Sengupta, D; Shilpi, A | 1 |
| Abbasi, AM; Fu, X; Guo, X; Liu, RH; Wen, L; You, L | 1 |
| Bordignon-Luiz, MT; Corrêa, LC; da Conceição Prudêncio Dutra, M; de Oliveira, D; Lima, Mdos S; Ninow, JL; Pereira, GE; Toaldo, IM | 1 |
| Guan, SW; Hua, ZC; Yang, BY; Zhang, XY | 1 |
| Cai, Q; Cheng, M; Gao, H; Li, B; Li, X; Yin, W; Yu, F; Zhang, Z | 1 |
| Ding, H; Li, J; Li, X; Li, Z; Niu, Y; Wu, S; Xiang, J; Yue, Y | 1 |
| Eder, R; Liszt, KI; Somoza, V; Wendelin, S | 1 |
| Du, N; Li, L; Wang, K; Wang, Z; Zhang, Z | 1 |
| He, P; Jia, F; Jing, Y; Li, D; Meng, J; Zhao, T | 1 |
| Bao, L; Cai, X; Li, Y; Ren, J; Zhang, Z | 1 |
| Chen, JF; Gao, BW; Ma, Q; Ren, QL; Wang, J; Xing, BS; Zhang, JQ; Zhang, ZJ | 1 |
| Chinnici, F; Donnini, S; Liquori, E; Riponi, C; Rombolà, AD; Tessarin, P | 1 |
| Jiang, Y; Li, W; Sun, T; Sun, X; Yao, X | 1 |
| Escott, C; Loira, I; Morata, A; Suarez-Lepe, JA; Tesfaye, W | 1 |
| Choi, SG; Kerr, WL; Kim, AN; Kim, HJ | 1 |
| Cai, YW; Cheng, M; Gao, HQ; Li, BY; Li, XL; Pei, F; Wang, QZ; Wang, YJ; Zhang, J; Zhang, Z; Zhou, Y | 1 |
| Hübner, F; Humpf, HU; Saenger, T | 1 |
| Berndt, C; Briggs, JM; Britt, CB; Burress, H; Cherubin, P; Craft, JW; Curtis, D; Garcia, MC; Guyette, J; Huo, Q; Quiñones, B; Reddy, S; Teter, K; Zheng, T | 1 |
| de Mello, JCP; Longhini, R; Lopes, GC; Sereia, AL | 1 |
| Cobelli, NJ; Hardin, JA; He, Z; Hirsh, DM; Kim, SJ; Leong, DJ; Liu, L; Sun, HB; Wang, A; Xu, L | 1 |
| Furuya, K; Ichikawa, M; Makabe, H; Suda, M; Tanaka, S; Yamada, K; Yamamoto, K | 1 |
| He, GW; Jankovic, G; Kanjuh, V; Marinko, M; Milojevic, P; Nenezic, D; Novakovic, A; Stojanovic, I; Yang, Q | 2 |
| Cai, Q; Cheng, M; Gao, H; Li, B; Lu, W; Qin, W; Wang, H; Yin, M; Yu, F; Zhang, P; Zhang, Z | 1 |
| Jakobek, L; Matić, P; Sabljić, M | 1 |
| Chen, Y; Deng, H; Gao, Z; Hu, X; Li, H; Mai, Z; Yang, C; Zhang, S | 1 |
| Chen, R; Wang, J; Wang, W | 1 |
| Choi, Y; Jeong, SC; Kang, S; Moon, JK; Park, SK; Shin, JS; Xu, JL | 1 |
| Castro-Mercado, E; García-Pineda, E; Hernández-Esquivel, AA; López-Marmolejo, M; Méndez-Gómez, M; Suárez-Soria, LN; Vallejo-Ochoa, J | 1 |
| Ediga, HH; Gopalakrishnan, S; Ismail, A; Reddy, GB; Reddy, SS | 1 |
| Boulanger, R; Cheynier, V; Fayeulle, N; Hue, C; Meudec, E; Sommerer, N; Vallverdu-Queralt, A | 1 |
| Dong, J; Wu, Q; Xiao, Y; Yin, Z; Zhou, X; Zhou, Y | 1 |
| He, J; Sun, M; Tian, S | 1 |
| Gui, S; Jiang, Y; Yang, W | 1 |
| Li, X; Shi, Q; Su, J; Zhang, Z; Zhou, J | 1 |
| Chen, W; Hu, D; Ke, H; Li, Y; Su, H; Xie, L; Zheng, X | 1 |
| D'Souza, DH; Deng, J; Fan, D; Joshi, S; Liu, D; Liu, P; Yang, H; Yu, Y; Zhang, C; Zhang, R | 1 |
| Deng, M; Deng, Y; Dong, L; Huang, F; Liu, L; Ma, Y; Wei, Z; Zhang, M; Zhang, R; Zhang, Y | 1 |
| Badolati, N; Bottone, S; Campiglia, P; Dentice, M; Di Cicco, E; Heintz, D; Novellino, E; Riccio, G; Salviati, E; Sommella, E; Stornaiuolo, M; Tenore, G | 1 |
| Choi, SG; Chun, J; Kerr, WL; Kim, AN; Kim, HJ; Lee, KY | 1 |
| Nebesny, E; Oracz, J; Żyżelewicz, D | 1 |
| Badolati, N; Bottone, S; Campiglia, P; Dentice, M; Novellino, E; Riccio, G; Salviati, E; Sommella, E; Stornaiuolo, M; Tenore, GC | 1 |
| Huang, MX; Jiang, Y; Lei, GT; Wu, QH; Xing, YW | 1 |
| Liang, L; Lu, X; Sun, ZL; Wang, YS; Xiao, HB | 1 |
| Billerach, G; Dubreucq, E; Fulcrand, H; Rouméas, L | 1 |
| Aguilera, Y; de Mejia, EG; Martín-Cabrejas, MA; Rebollo-Hernanz, M; Zhang, Q | 1 |
| Bernardi, R; Guidi, L; Landi, M; Lo Piccolo, E; Massai, R; Remorini, D; Viviani, A | 1 |
| Elez-Martínez, P; Martín-Belloso, O; Ribas-Agustí, A; Soliva-Fortuny, R | 1 |
| Busatto, N; Costa, F; Matsumoto, D; Tadiello, A; Vrhovsek, U | 1 |
| Chen, J; Chen, K; Dai, W; Fan, X; Feng, J; Guo, C; Ji, J; Li, J; Li, S; Liu, T; Mao, Y; Wang, C; Wang, F; Wu, J; Wu, L; Yu, Q; Zhang, J; Zhou, Y | 1 |
| Ge, S; Jiang, C; Shi, Y; Xiang, W; Zhang, Z; Zhu, P; Zuo, L | 1 |
| Lai, B; Liu, J; Ma, W; Nie, X; Qian, L; Tian, Y; Wang, N; Xiao, L; Xie, X; Yang, C; Yao, Q | 1 |
| Kan, J; Liu, J; Liu, Y; Qin, Y; Yong, H | 1 |
| Gui, S; Jiang, Y; Wang, X; Yang, W | 1 |
| Fujii, Y; Hirota, Y; Osakabe, N; Suhara, Y; Sukikara, Y; Teshima, T; Yoshimura, K | 1 |
| Bai, XX; Chen, JF; Gao, BW; Ren, QL; Shi, ZH; Wang, J; Wang, XW; Xing, BS; Zhang, JQ; Zhang, ZJ | 1 |
| Chen, D; Chen, H; Chen, X; He, J; Huang, Z; Luo, Y; Xu, M; Yu, B; Yu, J; Zheng, P | 2 |
| Hirota, S; Morina, F; Takahama, U | 1 |
| Bravo-Clemente, L; Gómez-Juaristi, M; Goya, L; Mateos, R; Sarria, B | 1 |
| Borges, GC; Dantas, AM; de Morais, JS; Lima, MS; Magnani, M; Sant'Ana, AS; Silva, BS | 1 |
| Asami, T; Endo, K; Inaba, C; Kobayashi, S; Makabe, H; Matsui, R; Sugiyama, M; Tanaka, S | 1 |
| Chen, P; Harrington, PB; Wang, Y | 1 |
| Bondarenko, A; De Vuyst, L; Dewettinck, K; Lemarcq, V; Pieters, L; Sioriki, E; Tuenter, E; Van de Walle, D | 1 |
| Bondonno, CP; Bondonno, NP; Boyce, MC; Considine, MJ; Croft, KD; Hodgson, JM; Jacob, SR; Lacey, K; Shafaei, A; Shinde, S; Swinny, E; Woodman, RJ | 1 |
| Du, X; Fu, X; Hou, Y; Huang, Z; Li, J; Luo, Y; Zhuan, Q | 1 |
| Celichowski, G; Cymerys, J; Grobelny, J; Krzyzowska, M; Orlowski, P; Pajak, B; Ranoszek-Soliwoda, K; Slonska, A; Tomaszewska, E; Zmigrodzka, M | 1 |
| Liu, HF; Liu, JX; Liu, ZJ; Pan, Q; Su, HY; Yang, C; Zhang, WH | 1 |
| Cheng, M; Gao, HQ; Li, BY; Li, XL; Lu, WD; Yin, M; Yu, F | 1 |
| Dewettinck, K; Foubert, K; Muhammad, DRA; Patria, GD; Pieters, L; Tuenter, E | 1 |
| Nie, X; Qian, L; Qiang, E; Tang, W; Wang, N; Xiao, L; Xie, X; Yang, C; Zhang, Z; Zhao, J; Zhao, W | 1 |
| Averna, M; Casagrande, S; Casazza, AA; Damonte, G; De Tullio, R; Franchi, A; Liessi, N; Marte, A; Millo, E; Onofri, F; Pedrazzi, M; Perego, P; Salis, A | 1 |
| Jiang, M; Jiao, JY; Li, Y; Lian, LH; Lin, YC; Liu, J; Nan, JX; Piao, MH; Qiao, CY; Shang, Y; Sun, RH; Wu, YL; Ye, H; Zhan, ZY; Zhang, ZH | 1 |
| Butkevičiūtė, A; Gelvonauskienė, D; Janulis, V; Kviklys, D; Liaudanskas, M | 1 |
| Dai, X; Fan, J; Li, W; Liu, H; Tan, Y; Wang, J; Wang, P; Wang, Y; Yang, Z; Yu, X; Zeng, J | 1 |
| Chen, Z; Liang, J; Liu, J; Wang, M; Wu, H; Wu, Q; Xing, Q; Xue, C; Yuan, Y; Zhang, L | 1 |
| Cao, SS; Jiang, X; Li, XF; Liu, J; Liu, MH; Song, DQ; Wang, F; Zhang, Z | 1 |
| Li, Y; Lu, X; Shi, J; Tian, P; Wang, K | 1 |
| Ali, Y; Bao, X; Cheng, Z; Fan, X; Li, Y; Murray, M; Shu, W; Wang, K; Zhou, F; Zhu, L; Zhu, X | 1 |
| Kowalska, H; Kowalska, J; Pochitskaya, I; Szulc, K; Urbańska, B; Ziarno, M | 1 |
| Fu, R; Li, B; Li, Z; Tan, H; Teng, W; Tian, J; Zhang, Y | 1 |
| Guo, J; Ji, H; Li, C; Li, S; Lian, S; Liu, Y; Lu, J; Lv, H; Ma, L; Xu, B; Yang, H | 1 |
| Boso, S; Freire-Garabal, M; Gago, P; García, C; Martínez, MC; Novio, S; Núñez-Iglesias, MJ; Pérez-Muñuzuri, ME; Santiago, JL | 1 |
| Chen, Q; Lu, Y; Yang, Y; Zheng, X | 1 |
| Chang, J; Gao, Y; Wang, C; Zhou, L | 1 |
| Huang, L; Li, HJ; Wang, JY; Wu, YC; Yang, KP; Zhao, Q | 1 |
| Chu, Y; Gu, W; Liu, L; Wang, R; Xu, R | 1 |
| Fan, Y; Gan, C; He, Q; Wen, Z; Yi, J | 1 |
| Mei, B; Sun, Q; Xiao, Q; Zhang, T; Zhang, X | 1 |
| Cui, Q; Du, X; Jiang, T; Lai, B; Liu, J; Wang, N; Xiao, L; Xie, X; Yao, Q; Zhao, Z | 1 |
| Heinonen, M; Korpela, B; Pitkänen, L | 1 |
| Chen, S; Gao, J; Han, K; Luo, A; Wang, G; Wang, L; Wang, Y; Wu, J; Zhao, J; Zhao, S | 1 |
| Hao, W; Li, T; Wang, H; Wei, S; Yan, P; Yang, L; Zhao, C | 1 |
| Endo, K; Kitamura, H; Makabe, H; Sawa, T; Tanaka, S; Umezawa, K | 1 |
| Dellaire, G; Merlin, JPJ; Rupasinghe, HPV; Suraweera, TL; Xu, Z | 1 |
| Chen, J; Jing, Y; Li, D; Liu, S; Peng, C; Peng, F; Qin, S; Zhong, K | 1 |
| Dai, W; Fu, H; Gong, H; Ji, L; Jing, W; Li, J; Li, Y; Lyu, B; Meng, X; Wang, Y; Yang, X; Yu, H | 1 |
| Aso, H; Endo, K; Haga, H; Isono, M; Makabe, H; Masaki, A; Niitsuma, F; Rizeq, L; Saiki, T; Sawa, T; Tanaka, S; Tanaka, Y | 1 |
| Deng, X; Dong, Y; Hu, B; Liu, S; Luo, Y; Ma, Y; Pu, J; Wang, G; Yang, F; Zhan, J; Zhou, W; Zhu, T | 1 |
1 review(s) available for procyanidin and procyanidin b2
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Procyanidin B2: A promising multi-functional food-derived pigment for human diseases.
Topics: Biflavonoids; Catechin; Functional Food; Humans; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; Proanthocyanidins; Signal Transduction | 2023 |
3 trial(s) available for procyanidin and procyanidin b2
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Intake of dietary procyanidins does not contribute to the pool of circulating flavanols in humans.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Analytic Sample Preparation Methods; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Cross-Over Studies; Diet; Double-Blind Method; Flavonoids; Glucuronides; Humans; Lactones; Male; Methylation; Molecular Weight; Polymerization; Postprandial Period; Proanthocyanidins; Young Adult | 2012 |
Short-term biomarkers of apple consumption.
Topics: Adult; Biflavonoids; Biomarkers; Catechin; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Female; Germany; Humans; Male; Malus; Phloretin; Proanthocyanidins; Quercetin; Reproducibility of Results; Tandem Mass Spectrometry | 2017 |
Phenolic composition of 91 Australian apple varieties: towards understanding their health attributes.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anthocyanins; Australia; Biflavonoids; Blood Glucose; Catechin; Chlorogenic Acid; Cholesterol; Cross-Over Studies; Female; Fruit; Humans; Male; Malus; Middle Aged; Phenols; Phlorhizin; Plant Extracts; Polyphenols; Proanthocyanidins; Quercetin; Waist Circumference; Young Adult | 2020 |
180 other study(ies) available for procyanidin and procyanidin b2
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Anti-tumor-promoting activity of a polyphenolic fraction isolated from grape seeds in the mouse skin two-stage initiation-promotion protocol and identification of procyanidin B5-3'-gallate as the most effective antioxidant constituent.
Topics: 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene; Acetone; Administration, Cutaneous; Animals; Anticarcinogenic Agents; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Cocarcinogenesis; Epidermis; Female; Flavonoids; Lipid Peroxidation; Mice; Mice, Inbred SENCAR; Microsomes; Molecular Structure; Phenols; Plant Extracts; Polymers; Proanthocyanidins; Rosales; Seeds; Skin Neoplasms; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Vitamin E | 1999 |
Gel permeation chromatography of anthocyanin pigments from Rosé cider and red wine.
Topics: Anthocyanins; Beverages; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Chromatography, Gel; Pigments, Biological; Proanthocyanidins; Wine | 1999 |
Studies in polyphenol chemistry and bioactivity. 2. Establishment of interflavan linkage regio- and stereochemistry by oxidative degradation of an O-alkylated derivative of procyanidin B2 to (R)-(-)-2,4-diphenylbutyric acid.
Topics: Alkylation; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Flavonoids; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Oxidation-Reduction; Phenols; Phenylbutyrates; Polymers; Proanthocyanidins; Stereoisomerism | 2000 |
A-Type proanthocyanidin trimers from cranberry that inhibit adherence of uropathogenic P-fimbriated Escherichia coli.
Topics: Anthocyanins; Bacterial Adhesion; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Escherichia coli; Fruit; Humans; Molecular Structure; Proanthocyanidins; Urinary Bladder; Urinary Tract Infections | 2000 |
Quantitative analysis of flavan-3-ols in Spanish foodstuffs and beverages.
Topics: Beverages; Biflavonoids; Cacao; Catechin; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Fabaceae; Flavonoids; Food Analysis; Fruit; Indicators and Reagents; Plants, Medicinal; Proanthocyanidins; Spain | 2000 |
Analyses of polyphenols in cacao liquor, cocoa, and chocolate by normal-phase and reversed-phase HPLC.
Topics: Anthocyanins; Biflavonoids; Cacao; Catechin; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Chromatography, Liquid; Flavonoids; Food Handling; Galactose; Mass Spectrometry; Phenols; Polymers; Proanthocyanidins; Reproducibility of Results | 2000 |
Antioxidant activity of polyphenols from seeds of Vitis amurensis in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Flavonoids; In Vitro Techniques; Liver; Male; Malondialdehyde; Mice; Phenols; Polymers; Proanthocyanidins; Seeds | 2000 |
Pharmacological and endocrine effects of Hypericum perforatum and hypericin after repeated treatment.
Topics: Adrenal Glands; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Animals; Anthracenes; Antidepressive Agents; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; Antioxidants; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Corticosterone; Endocrine System; Exploratory Behavior; Hypericum; Imipramine; Luteinizing Hormone; Male; Organ Size; Perylene; Pituitary Gland; Plant Extracts; Proanthocyanidins; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Seminal Vesicles; Swimming | 2001 |
Catechins and their oligomers linked by C4 --> C8 bonds are major cacao polyphenols and protect low-density lipoprotein from oxidation in vitro.
Topics: Anthocyanins; Antioxidants; Arteriosclerosis; Azo Compounds; Biflavonoids; Cacao; Catechin; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Lipoproteins, LDL; Nitriles; Oxidants; Oxidation-Reduction; Phytotherapy; Plant Preparations; Proanthocyanidins | 2002 |
Quantification of procyanidins in oral herbal medicinal products containing extracts of Crataegus species.
Topics: Antioxidants; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Crataegus; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Photometry; Plants, Medicinal; Proanthocyanidins; Quality Control; Reference Standards; Species Specificity | 2002 |
Potential cancer-chemopreventive activities of wine stilbenoids and flavans extracted from grape (Vitis vinifera) cell cultures.
Topics: 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene; Animals; Anticarcinogenic Agents; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Cells, Cultured; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cyclooxygenase 1; Cyclooxygenase 2; Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Female; Isoenzymes; Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental; Membrane Proteins; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Organ Culture Techniques; Oxygen Consumption; Phenols; Plant Extracts; Proanthocyanidins; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; Resveratrol; Stilbenes; Vitis; Wine | 2001 |
Immunomodulatory proanthocyanidins from Ecdysanthera utilis.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Anthocyanins; Apocynaceae; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-2; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Molecular Structure; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; Phytohemagglutinins; Plant Lectins; Plant Stems; Plants, Medicinal; Proanthocyanidins; Spectrophotometry, Infrared; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Structure-Activity Relationship; Taiwan | 2002 |
Influence of procyanidins on the color stability of oenin solutions.
Topics: Anthocyanins; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dimerization; Drug Stability; Flavonoids; Flavonols; Hordeum; Malus; Oryza; Pigments, Biological; Polymers; Proanthocyanidins; Solutions | 2002 |
Identification and in vitro biological activities of hop proanthocyanidins: inhibition of nNOS activity and scavenging of reactive nitrogen species.
Topics: Anthocyanins; Antioxidants; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Dimerization; Enzyme Inhibitors; Free Radical Scavengers; Humulus; Lipid Peroxidation; Lipoproteins, LDL; Molecular Structure; Molsidomine; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; Proanthocyanidins; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances | 2002 |
Absorption and urinary excretion of procyanidin B2 [epicatechin-(4beta-8)-epicatechin] in rats.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Antioxidants; Biflavonoids; Biological Availability; Catechin; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Copper Sulfate; Intestinal Absorption; Lipid Peroxides; Male; Mass Spectrometry; Proanthocyanidins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2002 |
Varietal differences among the polyphenol profiles of seven table grape cultivars studied by LC-DAD-MS-MS.
Topics: Anthocyanins; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Coumaric Acids; Flavonoids; Flavonols; Fruit; Mass Spectrometry; Phenols; Plant Extracts; Polymers; Proanthocyanidins; Species Specificity; Vitis | 2002 |
Plasma levels of hypericin in presence of procyanidin B2 and hyperoside: a pharmacokinetic study in rats.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Anthracenes; Antidepressive Agents; Biflavonoids; Biological Availability; Catechin; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Drug Synergism; Male; Perylene; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Proanthocyanidins; Quercetin; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Solubility | 2003 |
Isolation and structural elucidation of some procyanidins from apple by low-temperature nuclear magnetic resonance.
Topics: Biflavonoids; Catechin; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Fruit; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Malus; Proanthocyanidins; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Temperature | 2003 |
Hyperforin a constituent of St John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) extract induces apoptosis by triggering activation of caspases and with hypericin synergistically exerts cytotoxicity towards human malignant cell lines.
Topics: Annexin A5; Anthracenes; Antineoplastic Agents; Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Astrocytes; Biflavonoids; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds; Caspases; Catechin; Cell Division; Cell Line, Tumor; Cells, Cultured; Drug Synergism; Enzyme Activation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Hypericum; Perylene; Phloroglucinol; Plant Extracts; Proanthocyanidins; Terpenes | 2003 |
Phenolic constituents and antioxidant capacities of Crataegus monogyna (Hawthorn) callus extracts.
Topics: Antioxidants; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Cells, Cultured; Crataegus; Flavonoids; Oxidation-Reduction; Phenols; Plant Extracts; Polymers; Polyphenols; Proanthocyanidins; Structure-Activity Relationship | 2003 |
Hawthorn extracts inhibit LDL oxidation.
Topics: Acetates; Antioxidants; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Colorimetry; Copper; Crataegus; Flavonoids; Humans; Lipoproteins, LDL; Oxidation-Reduction; Phenols; Plant Extracts; Proanthocyanidins; Solvents | 2003 |
Improved HPLC determination of phenolic compounds in cv. golden delicious apples using a monolithic column.
Topics: Acetonitriles; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Flavonols; Fruit; Malus; Phenols; Proanthocyanidins | 2004 |
Chemoprevention of colorectal cancer by grape seed proanthocyanidin is accompanied by a decrease in proliferation and increase in apoptosis.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Azoxymethane; Biflavonoids; Carcinogens; Caspase 3; Caspases; Catechin; Cell Division; Colorectal Neoplasms; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Proanthocyanidins; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344 | 2004 |
Systematic synthesis of galloyl-substituted procyanidin B1 and B2, and their ability of DPPH radical scavenging activity and inhibitory activity of DNA polymerases.
Topics: Animals; Biflavonoids; Biphenyl Compounds; Catalysis; Catechin; Cattle; Enzyme Inhibitors; Free Radical Scavengers; Gallic Acid; Molecular Conformation; Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors; Picrates; Proanthocyanidins; Rats; Structure-Activity Relationship | 2005 |
Procyanidin B2 has anti- and pro-oxidant effects on metal-mediated DNA damage.
Topics: 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; Antioxidants; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Cations, Divalent; Copper; Deoxyguanosine; DNA; DNA Damage; HL-60 Cells; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydroxyl Radical; Iron; Oxidants; Proanthocyanidins | 2005 |
Procyanidin dimer B2 [epicatechin-(4beta-8)-epicatechin] suppresses the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in endotoxin-treated monocytic cells.
Topics: Biflavonoids; Catechin; Cell Line; Cyclooxygenase 2; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Humans; Lipopolysaccharides; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Monocytes; Proanthocyanidins | 2006 |
Procyanidin oligomers counteract TGF-beta1- and TGF-beta2-induced apoptosis in hair epithelial cells: an insight into their mechanisms.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Cells, Cultured; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Epithelial Cells; Hair; MAP Kinase Kinase 1; MAP Kinase Kinase 2; Mice; Mice, Inbred C3H; Proanthocyanidins; Transforming Growth Factor beta; Transforming Growth Factor beta1; Transforming Growth Factor beta2 | 2006 |
Degradation of procyanidins by Aspergillus fumigatus: identification of a novel aromatic ring cleavage product.
Topics: Aspergillus fumigatus; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Molecular Structure; Oxygen; Proanthocyanidins; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared | 2006 |
Inhibitory effects of procyanidin B(2) dimer on lipid-laden macrophage formation.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Cyclooxygenase 2; Dimerization; Energy Metabolism; Gene Expression; Humans; Lipid Metabolism; Lipoproteins, LDL; Macrophages; Molecular Sequence Data; PPAR gamma; Proanthocyanidins; RNA, Messenger; Scavenger Receptors, Class E; Signal Transduction; U937 Cells; Wnt Proteins | 2006 |
[Studies on chemical constituents from roots of Craibiodendron henryi].
Topics: Biflavonoids; Catechin; Ericaceae; Molecular Structure; Plant Roots; Plants, Medicinal; Proanthocyanidins; Quercetin; Sitosterols | 2007 |
Cocoa procyanidins protect PC12 cells from hydrogen-peroxide-induced apoptosis by inhibiting activation of p38 MAPK and JNK.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Biflavonoids; Cacao; Catechin; Hydrogen Peroxide; JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; PC12 Cells; Phosphorylation; Proanthocyanidins; Rats | 2008 |
Dimeric procyanidin B2 inhibits constitutively active NF-kappaB in Hodgkin's lymphoma cells independently of the presence of IkappaB mutations.
Topics: Biflavonoids; Catechin; Dimerization; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Hodgkin Disease; Humans; I-kappa B Kinase; Jurkat Cells; Mutation; NF-kappa B; Proanthocyanidins; Signal Transduction | 2008 |
Rapid preparation of procyanidins B2 and C1 from Granny Smith apples by using low pressure column chromatography and identification of their oligomeric procyanidins.
Topics: Biflavonoids; Catechin; Chromatography; Chromatography, Liquid; Fruit; Malus; Proanthocyanidins; Reproducibility of Results; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization | 2008 |
Cocoa procyanidins inhibit expression and activation of MMP-2 in vascular smooth muscle cells by direct inhibition of MEK and MT1-MMP activities.
Topics: Aorta; Biflavonoids; Cacao; Catechin; Cell Movement; Cells, Cultured; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; Humans; MAP Kinase Kinase 1; Matrix Metalloproteinase 14; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Plant Preparations; Proanthocyanidins; Thrombin | 2008 |
Analysis of CYP3A inhibitory components of star fruit (Averrhoa carambola L.) using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.
Topics: Biflavonoids; Catechin; Chromatography, Liquid; Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; Fruit; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Magnoliopsida; Mass Spectrometry; Microsomes, Liver; Plant Extracts; Proanthocyanidins; Stereoisomerism | 2008 |
Cocoa procyanidins suppress transformation by inhibiting mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase.
Topics: Animals; Biflavonoids; Cacao; Catechin; Cell Line; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Enzyme Inhibitors; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Mice; Models, Chemical; NF-kappa B; Phosphorylation; Proanthocyanidins; Theobromine | 2008 |
[Phenols from the rhizomes of Arachniodes exilis].
Topics: Biflavonoids; Catechin; Dryopteridaceae; Flavanones; Phenols; Plants, Medicinal; Proanthocyanidins; Rhizome | 2008 |
Cocoa procyanidins attenuate 4-hydroxynonenal-induced apoptosis of PC12 cells by directly inhibiting mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 activity.
Topics: Aldehydes; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Anthracenes; Apoptosis; bcl-X Protein; Biflavonoids; Cacao; Caspase 3; Catechin; Cytoprotection; Enzyme Activation; Gene Expression Regulation; JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; Oxidative Stress; PC12 Cells; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; Proanthocyanidins; Protein Binding; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; Rats; Reactive Oxygen Species | 2009 |
Cinchonain Ib isolated from Eriobotrya japonica induces insulin secretion in vitro and in vivo.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Biflavonoids; Blood Glucose; Catechin; Catechols; Cell Line; Chlorogenic Acid; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Eriobotrya; Female; Glyburide; Hypoglycemic Agents; Insulin; Insulin Secretion; Male; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Proanthocyanidins; Pyrones; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2009 |
Procyanidin dimers A1, A2, and B2 are absorbed without conjugation or methylation from the small intestine of rats.
Topics: Animals; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Dimerization; Intestinal Absorption; Intestine, Small; Metabolic Detoxication, Phase II; Methylation; Perfusion; Polymers; Proanthocyanidins; Rats | 2009 |
Influence of apple polyphenols on inflammatory gene expression.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Cell Line, Tumor; Cytokines; Flavonoids; Fruit; Gene Expression; Genes, Reporter; Humans; Inflammation; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Jurkat Cells; Malus; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; Phenols; Phloretin; Plant Extracts; Polyphenols; Proanthocyanidins; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger | 2009 |
In vivo bioavailability, absorption, excretion, and pharmacokinetics of [14C]procyanidin B2 in male rats.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Biflavonoids; Biological Availability; Catechin; Feces; Half-Life; Injections, Intravenous; Intestinal Absorption; Male; Proanthocyanidins; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2010 |
A comparison of the in vitro biotransformation of (-)-epicatechin and procyanidin B2 by human faecal microbiota.
Topics: Bacteria; Biflavonoids; Biotransformation; Catechin; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Feces; Humans; Molecular Weight; Proanthocyanidins; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization | 2010 |
Influence of gallate esterification on the activity of procyanidin B2 in androgen-dependent human prostate carcinoma LNCaP cells.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Apoptosis; Biflavonoids; Carcinoma; Caspases; Catechin; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Survival; Humans; Male; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; Proanthocyanidins; Prostatic Neoplasms; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; Seeds; Vitis | 2010 |
Procyanidin B2 catabolism by human fecal microflora: partial characterization of 'dimeric' intermediates.
Topics: Biflavonoids; Catechin; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dimerization; Feces; Fermentation; Functional Food; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Molecular Structure; Proanthocyanidins; Solid Phase Extraction; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization | 2010 |
Comparative effects of dietary flavanols on antioxidant defences and their response to oxidant-induced stress on Caco2 cells.
Topics: Antioxidants; Biflavonoids; Caco-2 Cells; Caspase 3; Catechin; Cell Survival; Diet; Glutathione; Glutathione Peroxidase; Humans; Oxidative Stress; Proanthocyanidins; Reactive Oxygen Species | 2011 |
Intestinal transit and systemic metabolism of apple polyphenols.
Topics: Adult; Animals; Beverages; Biflavonoids; Caffeic Acids; Catechin; Chromatography, Gas; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Coumaric Acids; Female; Gastrointestinal Transit; Hepatocytes; Humans; Ileostomy; Intestinal Mucosa; Male; Malus; Phloretin; Polyphenols; Proanthocyanidins; Quercetin; Quinic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Saliva; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Young Adult | 2011 |
Grape seed procyanidin B2 inhibits advanced glycation end product-induced endothelial cell apoptosis through regulating GSK3β phosphorylation.
Topics: Antigens, Surface; Apoptosis; Biflavonoids; Blotting, Western; Caspase 3; Caspase Inhibitors; Catechin; Diabetes Mellitus; Endothelial Cells; Flow Cytometry; Gene Expression; Glycation End Products, Advanced; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; Grape Seed Extract; Humans; Milk Proteins; Oxidative Stress; Phosphorylation; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Proanthocyanidins; Reactive Oxygen Species; Seeds; Signal Transduction; Umbilical Veins; Vitis | 2011 |
Procyanidin B2 and a cocoa polyphenolic extract inhibit acrylamide-induced apoptosis in human Caco-2 cells by preventing oxidative stress and activation of JNK pathway.
Topics: Acrylamide; Apoptosis; Biflavonoids; Cacao; Caco-2 Cells; Catechin; Cell Death; Flavonoids; Glutathione; Humans; JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Oxidative Stress; Plant Extracts; Polyphenols; Proanthocyanidins; Signal Transduction | 2011 |
Induction of lactadherin mediates the apoptosis of endothelial cells in response to advanced glycation end products and protective effects of grape seed procyanidin B2 and resveratrol.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Antigens, Surface; Apoptosis; bcl-2-Associated X Protein; Biflavonoids; Caspases; Catechin; Cell Shape; Cell Survival; Cytochromes c; Endothelial Cells; Glycation End Products, Advanced; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; Humans; Mass Spectrometry; Milk Proteins; Molecular Sequence Data; Peptides; Phosphorylation; Plasmids; Proanthocyanidins; Protective Agents; Protein Binding; Resveratrol; RNA, Small Interfering; Seeds; Stilbenes; Transduction, Genetic; Umbilical Veins; Vitis | 2011 |
Grape seed procyanidin b2 inhibits human aortic smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration induced by advanced glycation end products.
Topics: Antioxidants; Aorta; Apoptosis; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Cell Movement; Cell Proliferation; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetic Angiopathies; Glycation End Products, Advanced; Grape Seed Extract; Humans; I-kappa B Proteins; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle; NF-kappa B; NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; Oxidative Stress; Proanthocyanidins; Reactive Oxygen Species; Signal Transduction; Ubiquitin Thiolesterase; Vitis | 2011 |
Omega-3 docosahexaenoic acid and procyanidins inhibit cyclo-oxygenase activity and attenuate NF-κB activation through a p105/p50 regulatory mechanism in macrophage inflammation.
Topics: Biflavonoids; Catechin; Cyclooxygenase 1; Cyclooxygenase 2; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Dinoprostone; Docosahexaenoic Acids; Fatty Acids, Omega-3; Humans; I-kappa B Proteins; Inflammation; Interleukin-6; NF-kappa B; NF-kappa B p50 Subunit; NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; Proanthocyanidins; Transcription Factor RelA | 2012 |
Procyanidin B2 induces Nrf2 translocation and glutathione S-transferase P1 expression via ERKs and p38-MAPK pathways and protect human colonic cells against oxidative stress.
Topics: Antioxidants; Biflavonoids; Caco-2 Cells; Catechin; Cell Survival; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; Glutathione S-Transferase pi; Humans; MAP Kinase Signaling System; NF-E2-Related Factor 2; Oxidative Stress; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Phosphorylation; Proanthocyanidins; Protein Transport; Reactive Oxygen Species; Sequence Analysis, RNA; Up-Regulation | 2012 |
Glucuronidation and methylation of procyanidin dimers b2 and 3,3″-di-o-galloyl-b2 and corresponding monomers epicatechin and 3-o-galloyl-epicatechin in mouse liver.
Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Dimerization; Glucuronides; Grape Seed Extract; Male; Methylation; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microsomes, Liver; Proanthocyanidins | 2012 |
Characterization of procyanidin B2 oxidation products in an apple juice model solution and confirmation of their presence in apple juice by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ion trap mass spectrometry.
Topics: Beverages; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Fruit; Malus; Models, Molecular; Oxidation-Reduction; Proanthocyanidins; Quinic Acid; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Tandem Mass Spectrometry | 2011 |
HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS analysis of flavonoid compounds in 5 seedless table grapes grown in Apulian Region.
Topics: Anthocyanins; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Flavonoids; Galactosides; Glucosides; Italy; Kaempferols; Linear Models; Monosaccharides; Proanthocyanidins; Quercetin; Vitis | 2012 |
Comparison of isolated cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) proanthocyanidins to catechin and procyanidins A2 and B2 for use as standards in the 4-(dimethylamino)cinnamaldehyde assay.
Topics: Biflavonoids; Calibration; Catechin; Cinnamates; Coloring Agents; Food Inspection; Fruit; Proanthocyanidins; Reproducibility of Results; Vaccinium macrocarpon | 2012 |
In vitro intestinal transport of oligomeric procyanidins (DP 2 to 4) across monolayers of Caco-2 cells.
Topics: ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; Biflavonoids; Biological Transport; Caco-2 Cells; Catechin; Colon; Crataegus; Flowers; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Molecular Weight; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Proanthocyanidins | 2012 |
Proteomic analysis of aorta and protective effects of grape seed procyanidin B2 in db/db mice reveal a critical role of milk fat globule epidermal growth factor-8 in diabetic arterial damage.
Topics: Aged; Animals; Antigens, Surface; Aorta; Biflavonoids; Blood Glucose; Body Weight; Cardiotonic Agents; Catechin; Cholesterol; Computational Biology; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; Fasting; Glycation End Products, Advanced; Grape Seed Extract; Humans; Isotope Labeling; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Milk Proteins; Proanthocyanidins; Proteome; Proteomics; RNA Interference; Triglycerides | 2012 |
Antioxidant activity and HPLC analysis of polyphenol-enriched extracts from industrial apple pomace.
Topics: Antioxidants; Benzothiazoles; Biflavonoids; Biphenyl Compounds; Catechin; Chlorogenic Acid; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Food Industry; Fruit; Malus; Picrates; Plant Extracts; Polyphenols; Proanthocyanidins; Quercetin; Sulfonic Acids; Waste Products | 2013 |
Evaluation of the quality of Chinese and Vietnamese cassia using LC-MS and multivariate analysis.
Topics: Biflavonoids; Catechin; China; Chromatography, Liquid; Cinnamomum aromaticum; Mass Spectrometry; Multivariate Analysis; Plant Extracts; Principal Component Analysis; Proanthocyanidins; Vietnam | 2013 |
Proteomic analysis of kidney and protective effects of grape seed procyanidin B2 in db/db mice indicate MFG-E8 as a key molecule in the development of diabetic nephropathy.
Topics: Animals; Antigens, Surface; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Diabetic Nephropathies; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; Grape Seed Extract; Kidney; Male; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Mice; Milk Proteins; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; Proanthocyanidins; Proteomics; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Up-Regulation | 2013 |
Effects of an aqueous extract of Crataegus pinnatifida Bge. var. major N.E.Br. fruit on experimental atherosclerosis in rats.
Topics: 6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha; Animals; Atherosclerosis; Biflavonoids; C-Reactive Protein; Catechin; Chlorogenic Acid; Crataegus; Diet, High-Fat; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Endothelins; Fruit; Interleukins; Lipids; Male; Nitric Oxide; Plant Extracts; Proanthocyanidins; Quercetin; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Rutin; Thromboxane B2; Water | 2013 |
Syntheses of procyanidin B2 and B3 gallate derivatives using equimolar condensation mediated by Yb(OTf)3 and their antitumor activities.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Cell Line, Tumor; Gallic Acid; Humans; Male; Mesylates; Organometallic Compounds; Proanthocyanidins; Prostatic Neoplasms | 2013 |
Procyanidin dimer B2-mediated IRAK-M induction negatively regulates TLR4 signaling in macrophages.
Topics: Animals; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Cell Line; Down-Regulation; Interleukin-1 Receptor-Associated Kinases; Macrophages; Mice; Proanthocyanidins; Toll-Like Receptor 4 | 2013 |
PIMT prevents the apoptosis of endothelial cells in response to glycated low density lipoproteins and protective effects of grape seed procyanidin B2.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Biflavonoids; Caspase 3; Caspase 9; Catechin; Cell Survival; Cytochromes c; Cytosol; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; Glucose; Glycation End Products, Advanced; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; Grape Seed Extract; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells; Humans; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Lipoproteins, LDL; Phosphorylation; Plasmids; Proanthocyanidins; Protective Agents; Protein D-Aspartate-L-Isoaspartate Methyltransferase; Rats; RNA, Small Interfering; Transduction, Genetic; Transfection; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 | 2013 |
Isolation of a reduced form of cyanidin 3-O-β-D-glucoside from immature black soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) and its reducing properties.
Topics: Anthocyanins; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Glucosides; Glycine max; Hydrochloric Acid; Proanthocyanidins; Seeds | 2013 |
Inhibition of protein glycation by procyanidin-B2 enriched fraction of cinnamon: delay of diabetic cataract in rats.
Topics: Animals; Biflavonoids; Blood Glucose; Cataract; Catechin; Cinnamomum zeylanicum; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Glycated Hemoglobin; Glycation End Products, Advanced; Glycosylation; Humans; Lens, Crystalline; Male; Plant Extracts; Proanthocyanidins; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2013 |
Dietary flavonoids from modified apple reduce inflammation markers and modulate gut microbiota in mice.
Topics: Animals; Anthocyanins; Bacteria; Biflavonoids; Biomarkers; Catechin; Colon; Diet; Dietary Supplements; Flavonoids; Food, Genetically Modified; Fruit; Genotype; Glycosides; Inflammation; Inflammation Mediators; Male; Malus; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Microbiota; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Plants, Genetically Modified; Proanthocyanidins; Quercetin; Reference Values; Transcription Factors; Transcription, Genetic; Transformation, Genetic | 2014 |
Variation of quantitative composition of phenolic compounds in rowan (Sorbus aucuparia L.) leaves during the growth season.
Topics: Antioxidants; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Chlorogenic Acid; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Lithuania; Phenols; Plant Leaves; Proanthocyanidins; Quercetin; Seasons; Sorbus | 2014 |
Chemical constituents from Gouania longipetala and Glyphaea brevis.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Free Radical Scavengers; Macrolides; Molecular Structure; Plant Bark; Plants, Medicinal; Proanthocyanidins; Rhamnaceae; Tiliaceae | 2014 |
Microbial catabolism of procyanidins by human gut microbiota.
Topics: Bacteria, Anaerobic; Benzoic Acid; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Feces; Fermentation; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Gastrointestinal Tract; Humans; Malus; Microbiota; Molecular Weight; Phenols; Phenylacetates; Phenylpropionates; Plant Extracts; Proanthocyanidins; Propionates; Vaccinium macrocarpon; Valerates | 2014 |
Degradation of (-)-epicatechin and procyanidin B2 in aqueous and lipidic model systems. first evidence of "chemical" flavan-3-ol oligomers in processed cocoa.
Topics: Biflavonoids; Cacao; Catechin; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dimerization; Flavonoids; Food Handling; Hot Temperature; Polyphenols; Proanthocyanidins; Solutions; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Water | 2014 |
Effect of cinnamon and its procyanidin-B2 enriched fraction on diabetic nephropathy in rats.
Topics: Animals; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Cell Adhesion Molecules; Cinnamomum zeylanicum; Diabetic Nephropathies; Glycated Hemoglobin; Glycation End Products, Advanced; Glycosylation; Inflammation Mediators; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Kidney; Male; Membrane Proteins; Proanthocyanidins; Rats; Rats, Wistar; RNA, Messenger | 2014 |
Quantitative proteomics study of protective effects of grape seed procyanidin B2 on diabetic cardiomyopathy in db/db mice.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Diabetic Cardiomyopathies; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Grape Seed Extract; Male; Mice; Oxidative Stress; Proanthocyanidins; Protective Agents; Proteomics | 2014 |
Critical role of prohibitin in endothelial cell apoptosis caused by glycated low-density lipoproteins and protective effects of grape seed procyanidin B2.
Topics: Apoptosis; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Cell Survival; Gene Expression Regulation; Grape Seed Extract; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells; Humans; Lipoproteins, LDL; Mitochondria; Phosphorylation; Proanthocyanidins; Prohibitins; Repressor Proteins; RNA, Small Interfering | 2015 |
Procyanidin B2 inhibits inflammasome-mediated IL-1β production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages.
Topics: Biflavonoids; Carrier Proteins; Caspase 1; Catechin; Cell Line; Cyclooxygenase 2; Humans; Inflammasomes; Interleukin-1beta; Interleukin-6; Lipopolysaccharides; Macrophages; NF-kappa B; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein; Proanthocyanidins; Signal Transduction | 2015 |
Grape seed procyanidin B2 ameliorates mitochondrial dysfunction and inhibits apoptosis via the AMP-activated protein kinase-silent mating type information regulation 2 homologue 1-PPARγ co-activator-1α axis in rat mesangial cells under high-dose glucosami
Topics: AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; Animals; Apoptosis; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Diabetic Nephropathies; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glucosamine; Grape Seed Extract; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Mesangial Cells; Mitochondria; Oxidative Stress; Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha; Proanthocyanidins; Rats; Seeds; Sirtuin 1; Transcription Factors; Vitis | 2015 |
Procyanidin B2 inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation in human vascular endothelial cells.
Topics: Base Sequence; Biflavonoids; Carrier Proteins; Catechin; DNA Primers; Endothelium, Vascular; Gene Knockdown Techniques; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells; Humans; Inflammasomes; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Proanthocyanidins; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun | 2014 |
Polyphenolic profile in cider and antioxidant power.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Coumaric Acids; Fermentation; Fruit; Fruit and Vegetable Juices; Humans; Malus; Phenylethyl Alcohol; Plant Extracts; Polyphenols; Proanthocyanidins; Propionates; Quercetin; Spain | 2015 |
An investigation into the ameliorating effect of black soybean extract on learning and memory impairment with assessment of neuroprotective effects.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Antioxidants; Biflavonoids; Brain; Catechin; Cell Survival; Cognition Disorders; Glycine max; Learning; Learning Disabilities; Male; Memory; Memory Disorders; Mice, Inbred ICR; Neuroprotective Agents; Oxidative Stress; PC12 Cells; Peptide Fragments; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Polyphenols; Proanthocyanidins; Rats; Seeds | 2014 |
Analysis of accumulation patterns and preliminary study on the condensation mechanism of proanthocyanidins in the tea plant [Camellia sinensis].
Topics: Biflavonoids; Biosynthetic Pathways; Camellia sinensis; Catechin; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dimerization; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Molecular Structure; Plant Leaves; Plant Roots; Polymerization; Proanthocyanidins; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization | 2015 |
Extract from Rumex acetosa L. for prophylaxis of periodontitis: inhibition of bacterial in vitro adhesion and of gingipains of Porphyromonas gingivalis by epicatechin-3-O-(4β→8)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate (procyanidin-B2-Di-gallate).
Topics: Adhesins, Bacterial; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Adhesion; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Cell Line, Tumor; Cysteine Endopeptidases; Gingipain Cysteine Endopeptidases; Humans; Molecular Docking Simulation; Periodontitis; Plant Extracts; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Proanthocyanidins; Rumex | 2015 |
Direct effects of (-)-epicatechin and procyanidin B2 on the respiration of rat heart mitochondria.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Animals; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Cell Respiration; Cytochromes c; Mitochondria, Heart; Oxidation-Reduction; Proanthocyanidins; Rats; Substrate Specificity; Succinates | 2015 |
Mechanisms of DNA methyltransferase-inhibitor interactions: Procyanidin B2 shows new promise for therapeutic intervention of cancer.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Biflavonoids; Breast; Breast Neoplasms; Catechin; Cell Line, Tumor; DNA Methylation; DNA Modification Methylases; Enzyme Inhibitors; Female; Humans; Mice; Molecular Docking Simulation; Molecular Sequence Data; Proanthocyanidins; Sequence Alignment | 2015 |
Phenolic contents and cellular antioxidant activity of Chinese hawthorn "Crataegus pinnatifida".
Topics: Antioxidants; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Chlorogenic Acid; Crataegus; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Flavonoids; Fruit; Glycosides; Hep G2 Cells; Humans; Oxidation-Reduction; Phenols; Plant Extracts; Proanthocyanidins; Quercetin | 2015 |
Phenolic compounds, organic acids and antioxidant activity of grape juices produced in industrial scale by different processes of maceration.
Topics: Anthocyanins; Antioxidants; Biflavonoids; Caffeic Acids; Catechin; Cinnamates; Food Handling; Fruit and Vegetable Juices; Gallic Acid; Phenols; Polygalacturonase; Principal Component Analysis; Proanthocyanidins; Resveratrol; Stilbenes; Temperature; Vitis | 2015 |
Protective Effect of Procyanidin B2 against CCl4-Induced Acute Liver Injury in Mice.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Biflavonoids; Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning; Catechin; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Oxidative Stress; Proanthocyanidins | 2015 |
Anti-inflammatory effects of grape seed procyanidin B2 on a diabetic pancreas.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antigens, Surface; Biflavonoids; Carrier Proteins; Catechin; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Humans; Interleukin-1beta; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Milk Proteins; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein; Pancreas; Plant Extracts; Proanthocyanidins; Seeds; Vitis | 2015 |
Procyanidin B2 attenuates neurological deficits and blood-brain barrier disruption in a rat model of cerebral ischemia.
Topics: Animals; Biflavonoids; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain Edema; Brain Ischemia; Catechin; Disease Models, Animal; Glutathione Transferase; Heme Oxygenase-1; Inactivation, Metabolic; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Isoenzymes; Male; NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone); Neuroprotective Agents; Oxidative Stress; Permeability; Proanthocyanidins; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tight Junctions | 2015 |
Identification of Catechin, Syringic Acid, and Procyanidin B2 in Wine as Stimulants of Gastric Acid Secretion.
Topics: Biflavonoids; Catechin; Cell Line; Gallic Acid; Gastric Acid; Gastric Mucosa; Humans; Models, Biological; Proanthocyanidins; Wine | 2015 |
Hepatoprotective Effects of Grape Seed Procyanidin B2 in Rats With Carbon Tetrachloride-induced Hepatic Fibrosis.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Biflavonoids; Carbon Tetrachloride; Catechin; Cytokines; Grape Seed Extract; Liver; Liver Cirrhosis; Male; Oxidative Stress; Proanthocyanidins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seeds; Vitis | 2015 |
Procyanidin B2 inhibits high glucose‑induced epithelial‑mesenchymal transition in HK‑2 human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells.
Topics: Biflavonoids; Catechin; Cell Line; Diabetic Nephropathies; Epithelial Cells; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition; Fibrosis; Glucose; Humans; Kidney Tubules; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Proanthocyanidins | 2015 |
Grape seed procyanidin B2 protects podocytes from high glucose-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis via the AMPK-SIRT1-PGC-1α axis in vitro.
Topics: AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; Animals; Apoptosis; Biflavonoids; Catechin; DNA-Binding Proteins; Glucose; Grape Seed Extract; Humans; Mitochondria; Mitochondrial Proteins; Oxidative Stress; Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha; Podocytes; Proanthocyanidins; Rats; Reactive Oxygen Species; Seeds; Sirtuin 1; Transcription Factors; Vitis | 2016 |
Critical Role of FoxO1 in Granulosa Cell Apoptosis Caused by Oxidative Stress and Protective Effects of Grape Seed Procyanidin B2.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Autophagy; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Cell Nucleus; Cells, Cultured; Diquat; Female; Forkhead Box Protein O1; Gene Knockdown Techniques; Granulosa Cells; Grape Seed Extract; Hydrogen Peroxide; Malondialdehyde; Mice, Inbred ICR; Oxidative Stress; Proanthocyanidins; Protective Agents; Protein Transport; Reactive Oxygen Species | 2016 |
Influence of canopy-applied chitosan on the composition of organic cv. Sangiovese and Cabernet Sauvignon berries and wines.
Topics: Anthocyanins; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Chitosan; Food, Organic; Fruit; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hydroxybenzoates; Proanthocyanidins; Resveratrol; Solutions; Stilbenes; Vitis; Wine | 2016 |
Supplementation of procyanidins B2 attenuates photooxidation-induced apoptosis in ARPE-19 cells.
Topics: Apoptosis; bcl-2-Associated X Protein; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Cell Line; Cytochromes c; Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress; Endoribonucleases; Gene Silencing; Grape Seed Extract; Heat-Shock Proteins; Humans; Mitochondria; Oxidative Stress; Phosphorylation; Proanthocyanidins; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; Reactive Oxygen Species; Retina; Transcription Factor CHOP; Transcription Factors; Vitamin A | 2016 |
Characterization of polymeric pigments and pyranoanthocyanins formed in microfermentations of non-Saccharomyces yeasts.
Topics: Anthocyanins; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Color; Fermentation; Pigments, Biological; Proanthocyanidins; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Schizosaccharomyces; Vitis; Wine; Yeasts | 2016 |
The effect of grinding at various vacuum levels on the color, phenolics, and antioxidant properties of apple.
Topics: Antioxidants; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Chlorogenic Acid; Color; Malus; Phenols; Proanthocyanidins; Vacuum | 2017 |
Restoration of Mimecan Expression by Grape Seed Procyanidin B2 Through Regulation of Nuclear Factor-kappaB in Mice With Diabetic Nephropathy.
Topics: Albuminuria; Animals; Biflavonoids; Blotting, Western; Body Weight; Catechin; Cholesterol; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetic Nephropathies; Disease Models, Animal; Glomerular Basement Membrane; Glycation End Products, Advanced; Grape Seed Extract; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Kidney Glomerulus; Mesangial Cells; Mice; NF-kappa B; Oxidative Stress; Proanthocyanidins; Triglycerides | 2016 |
Inhibition of Cholera Toxin and Other AB Toxins by Polyphenolic Compounds.
Topics: ADP Ribose Transferases; Animals; Bacterial Toxins; Biflavonoids; Binding Sites; Catechin; Cell Membrane; Cells, Cultured; Chlorocebus aethiops; CHO Cells; Cholera Toxin; Cricetulus; Diphtheria Toxin; Exotoxins; Fruit; Grape Seed Extract; Molecular Docking Simulation; Phenols; Plant Extracts; Proanthocyanidins; Pseudomonas aeruginosa Exotoxin A; Ricin; Vero Cells; Virulence Factors; Vitis | 2016 |
Capillary Electrophoresis as Tool for Diastereomeric Separation in a Trichilia catigua Fraction.
Topics: Acetates; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Catechols; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cyclodextrins; Electrophoresis, Capillary; Limit of Detection; Meliaceae; Polyphenols; Proanthocyanidins; Pyrones; Reproducibility of Results; Stereoisomerism; Ultraviolet Rays | 2017 |
Procyanidins Mitigate Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis by, at Least in Part, Suppressing Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Signaling.
Topics: Animals; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Cells, Cultured; Chondrocytes; Collagen Type II; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Mice; Middle Aged; Osteoarthritis; Osteoporosis; Proanthocyanidins; Signal Transduction; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A | 2016 |
Procyanidin B2 gallates inhibit IFN-γ and IL-17 production in T cells by suppressing T-bet and RORγt expression.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Autoimmune Diseases; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Cells, Cultured; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans; Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-17; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3; Proanthocyanidins; T-Box Domain Proteins; Th1 Cells; Th17 Cells | 2017 |
Endothelium-dependent vasorelaxant effect of procyanidin B2 on human internal mammary artery.
Topics: Biflavonoids; Calcium; Catechin; Endothelium, Vascular; Humans; Intracellular Space; Mammary Arteries; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle; Nitric Oxide; Phenylephrine; Potassium Channel Blockers; Proanthocyanidins; Vasoconstriction; Vasodilator Agents | 2017 |
Grape seed procyanidin B2 ameliorates hepatic lipid metabolism disorders in db/db mice.
Topics: Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase; AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; Animals; Antioxidants; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Enzyme Activation; Grape Seed Extract; Lipid Metabolism; Lipid Metabolism Disorders; Liver; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Oxidative Stress; Proanthocyanidins | 2017 |
Validation of Spectrophotometric Methods for the Determination of Total Polyphenol and Total Flavonoid Content.
Topics: Aluminum Chloride; Aluminum Compounds; Biflavonoids; Calibration; Catechin; Chlorides; Flavonoids; Food Analysis; Fruit and Vegetable Juices; Limit of Detection; Phloretin; Polyphenols; Proanthocyanidins; Sensitivity and Specificity; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Wine | 2017 |
Anti-myocardial Ischemia Effect and Components of Litchi Pericarp Extracts.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; bcl-2-Associated X Protein; Biflavonoids; Cardiotonic Agents; Catechin; China; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Fruit; Litchi; Male; Myocardial Ischemia; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; Oxidation-Reduction; Plant Extracts; Proanthocyanidins; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2017 |
Procyanidin B2 ameliorates carrageenan-induced chronic nonbacterial prostatitis in rats via anti-inflammatory and activation of the Nrf2 pathway.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Bacterial Infections; Biflavonoids; Carrageenan; Catechin; Cytokines; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Gene Expression Regulation; Immunologic Factors; Male; NF-E2-Related Factor 2; Proanthocyanidins; Prostatitis; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Signal Transduction | 2017 |
Differences in the metabolic profiles and antioxidant activities of wild and cultivated black soybeans evaluated by correlation analysis.
Topics: Anthocyanins; Antioxidants; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Cell Survival; Chromatography, Liquid; Fabaceae; Glucosides; Glycine max; Hep G2 Cells; Humans; Mass Spectrometry; Metabolome; Metabolomics; Multivariate Analysis; Proanthocyanidins; Secondary Metabolism | 2017 |
Early plant growth and biochemical responses induced by Azospirillum brasilense Sp245 lipopolysaccharides in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings are attenuated by procyanidin B2.
Topics: Azospirillum brasilense; Biflavonoids; Biomass; Catechin; Hydrogen Peroxide; Lipopolysaccharides; Peroxidases; Pigments, Biological; Plant Roots; Proanthocyanidins; Seedlings; Starch; Triticum | 2018 |
Procyanidin-B2 enriched fraction of cinnamon acts as a proteasome inhibitor and anti-proliferative agent in human prostate cancer cells.
Topics: Angiogenesis Inhibitors; Antineoplastic Agents; Apoptosis; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Cell Line; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Cell Survival; Cinnamomum zeylanicum; Enzyme Assays; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Humans; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Male; Organ Specificity; Plant Extracts; Proanthocyanidins; Prostate; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex; Proteasome Inhibitors; Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor; Survivin; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein | 2018 |
Characterization of new flavan-3-ol derivatives in fermented cocoa beans.
Topics: Biflavonoids; Bioreactors; Cacao; Catechin; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dimerization; Flavonoids; Isomerism; Polyphenols; Proanthocyanidins; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization | 2018 |
Procyanidin B2 protects against d-galactose-induced mimetic aging in mice: Metabolites and microbiome analysis.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Base Sequence; Biflavonoids; Biomarkers; Catechin; Chromatography, Liquid; Galactose; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Mass Spectrometry; Mice; Proanthocyanidins; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S | 2018 |
Procyanidin B2 prevents lupus nephritis development in mice by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Antinuclear; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Humans; Inflammasomes; Kidney; Lupus Nephritis; Mice; Mice, Inbred MRL lpr; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein; Proanthocyanidins; RNA, Small Interfering; Signal Transduction | 2018 |
Procyanidin B2 protects rats from paraquat-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
Topics: Acute Lung Injury; Animals; Biflavonoids; Caspase 1; Catechin; Herbicides; Inflammasomes; Interleukin-18; Interleukin-1beta; Male; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein; Oxidative Stress; Paraquat; Proanthocyanidins; Pulmonary Edema; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2018 |
Comparative Analysis of Pigments, Phenolics, and Antioxidant Activity of Chinese Jujube (
Topics: Anthocyanins; Antioxidants; Biflavonoids; Carotenoids; Catechin; Coumaric Acids; Phenols; Proanthocyanidins; Quercetin; Ziziphus | 2018 |
Procyanidin B2 ameliorates free fatty acids-induced hepatic steatosis through regulating TFEB-mediated lysosomal pathway and redox state.
Topics: Animals; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Diet, High-Fat; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Fatty Liver; Hep G2 Cells; Hepatocytes; Humans; Lipogenesis; Liver; Lysosomes; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Mice; Molecular Docking Simulation; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease; Oleic Acid; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Stress; Proanthocyanidins | 2018 |
Monomeric catechin and dimeric procyanidin B2 against human norovirus surrogates and their physicochemical interactions.
Topics: Animals; Antiviral Agents; Biflavonoids; Calicivirus, Feline; Catechin; Cats; Foodborne Diseases; Humans; Norovirus; Proanthocyanidins; Viral Plaque Assay; Virus Attachment; Virus Inactivation | 2018 |
Effect of Storage Conditions on Phenolic Profiles and Antioxidant Activity of Litchi Pericarp.
Topics: Antioxidants; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Fruit; Glucosides; Glycoside Hydrolases; Litchi; Phenols; Plant Extracts; Proanthocyanidins; Quercetin | 2018 |
Annurca Apple Polyphenols Ignite Keratin Production in Hair Follicles by Inhibiting the Pentose Phosphate Pathway and Amino Acid Oxidation.
Topics: Alopecia; Amino Acids; Animals; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Hair Follicle; Humans; Italy; Keratins; Malus; Mass Spectrometry; Metabolomics; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Oxidation-Reduction; Pentose Phosphate Pathway; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Polyphenols; Proanthocyanidins | 2018 |
The Effects of Added Water and Grinding Temperature on Stability and Degradation Kinetics of Antioxidant Activity, Phenolic Compounds, and Ascorbic Acid in Ground Apples.
Topics: Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Chlorogenic Acid; Color; Food Handling; Fruit; Malus; Nutritive Value; Phenols; Proanthocyanidins; Temperature; Water | 2018 |
Identification and quantification of free and bound phenolic compounds contained in the high-molecular weight melanoidin fractions derived from two different types of cocoa beans by UHPLC-DAD-ESI-HR-MS
Topics: Amino Acids; Biflavonoids; Cacao; Catechin; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Flavonoids; Hot Temperature; Hydroxybenzoates; Molecular Weight; Phenols; Plant Extracts; Polymers; Proanthocyanidins; Seeds; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization | 2019 |
A Boost in Mitochondrial Activity Underpins the Cholesterol-Lowering Effect of Annurca Apple Polyphenols on Hepatic Cells.
Topics: Biflavonoids; Catechin; Cell Line, Tumor; Cholesterol; Dietary Supplements; Hepatocytes; Humans; Italy; Malus; Metabolomics; Mitochondria; Oxidation-Reduction; Plant Extracts; Polyphenols; Proanthocyanidins | 2019 |
Procyanidin B2 protects against diet-induced obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Topics: Animals; Bacteroidetes; Biflavonoids; Biomarkers; Body Weight; Catechin; Diet, High-Fat; Disease Models, Animal; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Insulin Resistance; Lipopolysaccharides; Liver; Male; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease; Obesity; Proanthocyanidins; Protective Agents; Rabbits; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Treatment Outcome; Triglycerides | 2019 |
Procyanidin B2 from lotus seedpod regulate NO/ADMA/DDAH pathway to treat insomnia in rats.
Topics: Amidohydrolases; Animals; Arginine; Biflavonoids; Brain; Catechin; Lotus; Neurons; Nitric Oxide; Proanthocyanidins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seeds; Signal Transduction; Sleep; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders | 2019 |
Furanolysis with Menthofuran: A New Depolymerization Method for Analyzing Condensed Tannins.
Topics: Biflavonoids; Catechin; Chemistry Techniques, Analytical; Monoterpenes; Plant Extracts; Polymerization; Proanthocyanidins; Tannins | 2020 |
Cocoa Shell Aqueous Phenolic Extract Preserves Mitochondrial Function and Insulin Sensitivity by Attenuating Inflammation between Macrophages and Adipocytes In Vitro.
Topics: 3T3-L1 Cells; Adipocytes; Animals; Biflavonoids; Cacao; Catechin; Glucose Transporter Type 4; Hydroxybenzoates; Inflammation; Insulin Resistance; Lipid Metabolism; Macrophages; Mice; Mitochondria; Phenols; Plant Extracts; Proanthocyanidins; RAW 264.7 Cells | 2019 |
Discerning between Two Tuscany (Italy) Ancient Apple cultivars, 'Rotella' and 'Casciana', through Polyphenolic Fingerprint and Molecular Markers.
Topics: Biflavonoids; Biomarkers; Catechin; Flavonoids; Fruit; Italy; Malus; Plant Extracts; Polyphenols; Proanthocyanidins | 2019 |
Enhancing hydroxycinnamic acids and flavan-3-ol contents by pulsed electric fields without affecting quality attributes of apple.
Topics: Antioxidants; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Coumaric Acids; Flavonoids; Flavonols; Food Quality; Fruit; Malus; Phenols; Proanthocyanidins; Quinic Acid; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization | 2019 |
Multifaceted analyses disclose the role of fruit size and skin-russeting in the accumulation pattern of phenolic compounds in apple.
Topics: Antioxidants; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Fruit; Gene Expression Profiling; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; Malus; Phenols; Phlorhizin; Phytochemicals; Principal Component Analysis; Proanthocyanidins; Quercetin | 2019 |
Procyanidin B2 inhibits the activation of hepatic stellate cells and angiogenesis via the Hedgehog pathway during liver fibrosis.
Topics: Animals; Biflavonoids; Carbon Tetrachloride; Catechin; Cell Line; Cell Proliferation; Down-Regulation; Hedgehog Proteins; Hepatic Stellate Cells; Humans; Liver; Liver Cirrhosis; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Morphogenesis; Neovascularization, Pathologic; Proanthocyanidins; Signal Transduction; Transforming Growth Factor beta1; Veratrum Alkaloids | 2019 |
[Protective effect of procyanidin B2 on intestinal barrier and against enteritis in a mouse model of trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid-induced colitis].
Topics: Animals; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Colitis; Colon; Enteritis; Intestinal Mucosa; Male; Mice; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; Proanthocyanidins; Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid | 2019 |
Procyanidin B2 Activates PPARγ to Induce M2 Polarization in Mouse Macrophages.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; HEK293 Cells; Humans; Macrophage Activation; Macrophages; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; PPAR gamma; Proanthocyanidins; RAW 264.7 Cells | 2019 |
Development of active packaging based on chitosan-gelatin blend films functionalized with Chinese hawthorn (Crataegus pinnatifida) fruit extract.
Topics: Antioxidants; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Chitosan; Chlorogenic Acid; Crataegus; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Food Packaging; Free Radical Scavengers; Fruit; Gelatin; Humans; Hydrogen Bonding; Plastics; Polyphenols; Proanthocyanidins; Static Electricity | 2019 |
Procyanidin B2 Suppresses Lipopolysaccharides-Induced Inflammation and Apoptosis in Human Type II Alveolar Epithelial Cells and Lung Fibroblasts.
Topics: Alveolar Epithelial Cells; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Apoptosis; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Cell Proliferation; Cells, Cultured; Cytokines; Fibroblasts; Humans; Inflammasomes; Inflammation; Lipopolysaccharides; Lung; Proanthocyanidins | 2020 |
Elucidation of the Interaction between Flavan-3-ols and Bovine Serum Albumin and Its Effect on Their In-Vitro Cytotoxicity.
Topics: Animals; Anthocyanins; Biflavonoids; Binding Sites; Catechin; Cattle; Cell Line; Cell Proliferation; Culture Media, Serum-Free; Flavonoids; Molecular Docking Simulation; Molecular Structure; Proanthocyanidins; Protein Binding; Rats; Serum Albumin, Bovine | 2019 |
Grape Seed Procyanidin B2 Protects Porcine Ovarian Granulosa Cells against Oxidative Stress-Induced Apoptosis by Upregulating let-7a Expression.
Topics: 3' Untranslated Regions; Animals; Apoptosis; Base Sequence; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Cell Survival; fas Receptor; Female; Granulosa Cells; Grape Seed Extract; Hydrogen Peroxide; MicroRNAs; Ovary; Oxidative Stress; Proanthocyanidins; Reactive Oxygen Species; Sequence Alignment; Swine; Up-Regulation; Vitis | 2019 |
Mechanisms of endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation induced by procyanidin B2 in venous bypass graft.
Topics: Biflavonoids; Calcium Channels; Cardiotonic Agents; Catechin; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endothelium, Vascular; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Middle Aged; Potassium Channels; Proanthocyanidins; Saphenous Vein; Vasodilator Agents | 2020 |
Procyanidin B2 Promotes Skeletal Slow-Twitch Myofiber Gene Expression through the AMPK Signaling Pathway in C2C12 Myotubes.
Topics: AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; Animals; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Cell Line; Gene Expression Regulation; Mice; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal; Muscle Fibers, Slow-Twitch; Muscle, Skeletal; Proanthocyanidins; Signal Transduction | 2020 |
Contribution of amylose-procyanidin complexes to slower starch digestion of red-colored rice prepared by cooking with adzuki bean.
Topics: alpha-Amylases; Amylopectin; Amylose; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Cooking; Digestion; Hot Temperature; Humans; Japan; Oryza; Pancreatin; Proanthocyanidins; Vigna | 2020 |
Experimental confounding factors affecting stability, transport and metabolism of flavanols and hydroxycinnamic acids in Caco-2 cells.
Topics: Biflavonoids; Biological Availability; Biological Transport; Caco-2 Cells; Catechin; Coumaric Acids; Culture Media; Epithelial Cells; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Humans; Hydrolysis; Intestinal Absorption; Intestinal Mucosa; Polyphenols; Proanthocyanidins | 2020 |
Antioxidant activity and bioaccessibility of phenolic compounds in white, red, blue, purple, yellow and orange edible flowers through a simulated intestinal barrier.
Topics: Anthocyanins; Antioxidants; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Digestion; Flowers; Gallic Acid; Hydroxybenzoates; Phenols; Polyphenols; Principal Component Analysis; Proanthocyanidins; Rosa; Rutin; Stilbenes | 2020 |
Procyanidin B2 gallate regulates TNF-α production from T cells through inhibiting glycolytic activity via mTOR-HIF-1 pathway.
Topics: Animals; Biflavonoids; Blotting, Western; Catechin; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Cells, Cultured; Cytokines; Glycolysis; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Proanthocyanidins; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa; Signal Transduction; T-Lymphocytes; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2020 |
Quantitative analysis of proanthocyanidins in cocoa using cysteamine-induced thiolysis and reversed-phase UPLC.
Topics: Biflavonoids; Cacao; Catechin; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Chromatography, Reverse-Phase; Cysteamine; Plant Extracts; Proanthocyanidins | 2020 |
Roasting-induced changes in cocoa beans with respect to the mood pyramid.
Topics: Biflavonoids; Cacao; Catechin; Cooking; Flavoring Agents; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Hot Temperature; Humans; Odorants; Polyphenols; Proanthocyanidins; Seeds; Taste | 2020 |
Procyanidin B2 Improves Oocyte Maturation and Subsequent Development in Type 1 Diabetic Mice by Promoting Mitochondrial Function.
Topics: Animals; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial; Mice, Inbred ICR; Mitochondria; Oocytes; Oxidative Stress; Proanthocyanidins; Reactive Oxygen Species; Streptozocin | 2020 |
Polyphenol-Conjugated Bimetallic Au@AgNPs for Improved Wound Healing.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Gold; Metal Nanoparticles; Mice; Polyphenols; Proanthocyanidins; Silver; Tannins; Wound Healing | 2020 |
Protection of procyanidin B2 on mitochondrial dynamics in sepsis associated acute kidney injury via promoting Nrf2 nuclear translocation.
Topics: Active Transport, Cell Nucleus; Acute Kidney Injury; Animals; Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Disease Models, Animal; Kidney; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mitochondria; Mitochondrial Dynamics; Mitophagy; NF-E2-Related Factor 2; Oxidative Stress; Proanthocyanidins; Sepsis | 2020 |
Proteomic analysis of liver mitochondria of db/db mice treated with grape seed procyanidin B2.
Topics: Animals; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Grape Seed Extract; Mice; Mitochondria, Liver; Proanthocyanidins; Proteomics; Seeds; Vitis | 2020 |
Phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of Cinnamomum burmannii Blume extracts and their potential application in white chocolate.
Topics: Antioxidants; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Chocolate; Cinnamomum zeylanicum; Cryoelectron Microscopy; Food-Processing Industry; Hydroxybenzoates; Phenols; Phytochemicals; Plant Extracts; Proanthocyanidins; Quercetin; Ultrasonics | 2021 |
Procyanidin B2 mitigates endothelial endoplasmic reticulum stress through a PPARδ-Dependent mechanism.
Topics: Animals; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress; Endoribonucleases; Endothelial Cells; Endothelium, Vascular; Mice; PPAR delta; Proanthocyanidins; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases | 2020 |
A Bioactive Olive Pomace Extract Prevents the Death of Murine Cortical Neurons Triggered by NMDAR Over-Activation.
Topics: Animals; Biflavonoids; Calcium Signaling; Catechin; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Mice; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Olea; Plant Extracts; Proanthocyanidins; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 2020 |
Management of Gout-associated MSU crystals-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation by procyanidin B2: targeting IL-1β and Cathepsin B in macrophages.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Cathepsin B; Cytokines; Dinoprostone; Gout; Inflammasomes; Inflammation; Interleukin-1beta; Lipopolysaccharides; Macrophages; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neutrophils; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein; Proanthocyanidins; Uric Acid | 2020 |
The Qualitative and Quantitative Compositions of Phenolic Compounds in Fruits of Lithuanian Heirloom Apple Cultivars.
Topics: Biflavonoids; Catechin; Chlorogenic Acid; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dietary Supplements; Flavonoids; Fruit; Glycosides; Lithuania; Malus; Phenols; Phlorhizin; Proanthocyanidins; Quercetin; Rutin | 2020 |
Procyanidin B2 improves endothelial progenitor cell function and promotes wound healing in diabetic mice via activating Nrf2.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Biflavonoids; Blotting, Western; Catechin; Cell Movement; Cells, Cultured; Endothelial Progenitor Cells; Flow Cytometry; Humans; Lentivirus; Male; Malondialdehyde; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; NF-E2-Related Factor 2; Oxidative Stress; Proanthocyanidins; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction | 2021 |
The miR-145-5p/CD36 pathway mediates PCB2-induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells.
Topics: Apoptosis; Biflavonoids; Catechin; CD36 Antigens; Humans; MCF-7 Cells; MicroRNAs; Proanthocyanidins | 2021 |
Procyanidin B2 inhibits lipopolysaccharide‑induced apoptosis by suppressing the Bcl‑2/Bax and NF‑κB signalling pathways in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.
Topics: Apoptosis; bcl-2-Associated X Protein; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Gene Expression; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells; Humans; Interleukin-1beta; Interleukin-6; Lipopolysaccharides; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial; Models, Biological; NF-kappa B; Proanthocyanidins; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; Signal Transduction; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2021 |
Procyanidin B2 induces apoptosis and autophagy in gastric cancer cells by inhibiting Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Apoptosis; Autophagy; Biflavonoids; Caspase 3; Catechin; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Humans; Proanthocyanidins; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Signal Transduction; Stomach Neoplasms; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases | 2021 |
Procyanidin B2 and rutin in Ginkgo biloba extracts protect human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells from oxidative stress by modulating Nrf2 and Erk1/2 signalling.
Topics: Antioxidants; Biflavonoids; Blotting, Western; Catechin; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Flow Cytometry; Ginkgo biloba; Humans; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial; NF-E2-Related Factor 2; Oxidative Stress; Plant Extracts; Proanthocyanidins; Reactive Oxygen Species; Retinal Pigment Epithelium; Rutin; tert-Butylhydroperoxide | 2021 |
Comparison of the Effects of Conching Parameters on the Contents of Three Dominant Flavan3-ols, Rheological Properties and Sensory Quality in Chocolate Milk Mass Based on Liquor from Unroasted Cocoa Beans.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Biflavonoids; Cacao; Catechin; Cattle; Chocolate; Flavonoids; Food Handling; Humans; Milk; Phenols; Polyphenols; Proanthocyanidins; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization | 2021 |
Characteristics of the interaction mechanisms of procyanidin B1 and procyanidin B2 with protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B: Analysis by kinetics, spectroscopy methods and molecular docking.
Topics: Biflavonoids; Catechin; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Kinetics; Molecular Docking Simulation; Proanthocyanidins; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 1; Spectrum Analysis | 2021 |
Procyanidin B2 induces porcine skeletal slow-twitch myofiber gene expression by AMP-activated protein kinase signaling pathway.
Topics: AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; Animals; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Gene Expression; Muscle Fibers, Slow-Twitch; Muscle, Skeletal; Proanthocyanidins; Signal Transduction; Swine | 2022 |
Procyanidin B2 alleviates liver injury caused by cold stimulation through Sonic hedgehog signalling and autophagy.
Topics: Animals; Autophagy; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Cold Temperature; Disease Models, Animal; Hedgehog Proteins; Liver; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; NF-E2-Related Factor 2; Oxidative Stress; Proanthocyanidins; Signal Transduction | 2021 |
Co-Adjuvant Therapy Efficacy of Catechin and Procyanidin B2 with Docetaxel on Hormone-Related Cancers In Vitro.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Biflavonoids; Breast Neoplasms; Catechin; Docetaxel; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Male; MCF-7 Cells; Proanthocyanidins; Prostatic Neoplasms | 2021 |
Affinity-Guided Isolation and Identification of Procyanidin B2 from Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) Rinds and its In Vitro LPS Binding and Neutralization Activities.
Topics: Biflavonoids; Catechin; Fruit; Garcinia mangostana; Lipopolysaccharides; Plant Extracts; Proanthocyanidins | 2021 |
[Procyanidin B2 protects neurons from cypermethrin-induced oxidative stress through the P13K/Akt/Nrf2 signaling pathway].
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neurons; NF-E2-Related Factor 2; Oxidative Stress; Proanthocyanidins; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Pyrethrins; Reactive Oxygen Species; Signal Transduction | 2021 |
Corrosion resistance and antibacterial activity of procyanidin B2 as a novel environment-friendly inhibitor for Q235 steel in 1 M HCl solution.
Topics: Biflavonoids; Catechin; Proanthocyanidins | 2022 |
Procyanidin B2 ameliorates endothelial dysfunction and impaired angiogenesis via the Nrf2/PPARγ/sFlt-1 axis in preeclampsia.
Topics: Animals; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Endoglin; Female; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells; Humans; Hypertension; NF-E2-Related Factor 2; Placenta; PPAR gamma; Pre-Eclampsia; Pregnancy; Proanthocyanidins; Rats; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1 | 2022 |
Investigation of binding interaction between bovine α-lactalbumin and procyanidin B2 by spectroscopic methods and molecular docking.
Topics: Animals; Biflavonoids; Binding Sites; Catechin; Cattle; Lactalbumin; Molecular Docking Simulation; Proanthocyanidins; Protein Binding; Protein Structure, Secondary; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Thermodynamics | 2022 |
Procyanidin B2 inhibits angiogenesis and cell growth in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells through the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) pathway.
Topics: Biflavonoids; Catechin; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Humans; Mouth Neoplasms; Neovascularization, Pathologic; Proanthocyanidins; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 | 2022 |
Procyanidin B2 Attenuates Nicotine-Induced Hepatocyte Pyroptosis through a PPARγ-Dependent Mechanism.
Topics: Animals; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Hepatocytes; Inflammasomes; Interleukin-18; Liver Diseases; Mice; Nicotine; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein; PPAR gamma; Proanthocyanidins; Pyroptosis | 2022 |
Enzymatic modification of oat globulin enables covalent interaction with procyanidin B2.
Topics: Avena; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Globulins; Proanthocyanidins; Tryptophan | 2022 |
Mitochondrial PKM2 deacetylation by procyanidin B2-induced SIRT3 upregulation alleviates lung ischemia/reperfusion injury.
Topics: Animals; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Ischemia; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Lung; Mice; Mitochondria; Proanthocyanidins; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; Pyruvate Kinase; Reperfusion Injury; Sirtuin 3; Up-Regulation | 2022 |
Procyanidin B2 Alleviates Heat-Induced Oxidative Stress through the Nrf2 Pathway in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Biflavonoids; Catechin; Cattle; Epithelial Cells; Heme Oxygenase-1; NF-E2-Related Factor 2; Oxidative Stress; Proanthocyanidins; Reactive Oxygen Species; Superoxide Dismutase | 2022 |
Procyanidin B2 3,3″-di-O-gallate suppresses IFN-γ production in murine CD4
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Transport System ASC; Amino Acids; Animals; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Cysteine; Glutamine; Interferon-gamma; Mammals; Mice; Minor Histocompatibility Antigens; Proanthocyanidins; Serine; T-Lymphocytes; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases | 2023 |
Genistein and Procyanidin B2 Reduce Carcinogen-Induced Reactive Oxygen Species and DNA Damage through the Activation of Nrf2/ARE Cell Signaling in Bronchial Epithelial Cells In Vitro.
Topics: Antioxidant Response Elements; Carcinogens; DNA Damage; Epithelial Cells; Flavonoids; Genistein; Humans; NF-E2-Related Factor 2; Oxidative Stress; Proanthocyanidins; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Quercetin; Reactive Oxygen Species; Signal Transduction | 2023 |
The complexes of soybean protein isolate and procyanidin B2 have synergistic hypolipidemic activity at the cellular level by activating the AMPKα pathway.
Topics: Biflavonoids; Catechin; Humans; Proanthocyanidins; Soybean Proteins | 2023 |
Oral administration of procyanidin B2 3,3"-di-O-gallate ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis through immunosuppressive effects on CD4
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Cytokines; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental; Glycolysis; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Multiple Sclerosis; Proanthocyanidins; T-Lymphocytes | 2023 |
Procyanidin B2 alleviates uterine toxicity induced by cadmium exposure in rats: The effect of oxidative stress, inflammation, and gut microbiota.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Cadmium; Cytokines; Female; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Inflammation; Oxidative Stress; Proanthocyanidins; Rats; Superoxide Dismutase; Uterus | 2023 |