prednisolone-hemisuccinate and flunixin-meglumine

Saline (0.9% NaCl) solution, flunixin meglumine (1.1 mg/kg), prednisolone sodium succinate (1.1 mg/kg), U74389F (1.5 mg/kg), and dimethyl sulfoxide (0.5 g/kg) were each administered i.v. to 5 neonatal calves 15 minutes after the start of a 3-hour infusion of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 2 micrograms/kg/hr). Four additional calves were given a 3-hour i.v. infusion of saline solution alone. Only flunixin significantly suppressed eicosanoid production and mitigated clinical signs associated with endotoxemia. Prednisolone provided partial protection against LPS-induced hypotension and lacticemia. Pronounced hypoglycemia and lacticemia were observed in U74389F-treated calves; LPS-induced hypotension and hypoglycemia were marked in dimethyl sulfoxide-treated calves.

Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; Clonixin; Dimethyl Sulfoxide; Eicosanoids; Endotoxins; Female; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Lipopolysaccharides; Male; Prednisolone; Pregnatrienes; Toxemia

To evaluate the effect of certain drugs on hematologic changes, blood chemical values, and survival in endotoxin shock, anesthetized ponies were given (IV) endotoxin (Escherichia coli O55:B5) and then treated as follows: Group A ponies--given a saline infusion at 5 minutes and at 3 hours after they were given endotoxin; group B ponies--given flunixin meglumine at 5 minutes and at 3, 6, 9, and 24 hours after they were given endotoxin; group C ponies--treated with dexamethasone; and group D ponies--treated with prednisolone at 5 minutes and at 3, 9, and 24 hours after they were given endotoxin. Anesthesia was maintained for 4 hours, after which time the ponies were allowed to recover. Throughout the experiment, samples of blood were collected for blood gas, hematologic, and blood chemical values. The endotoxin effects were seen in the 4 groups: lactic acidosis, prolonged coagulation times, leukopenia, hemoconcentration, and elevated blood chemical values. Although none of the treatments prevented the effects of endotoxin, changes were less severe and survival times were longer in ponies treated with flunixin meglumine.

Topics: Animals; Blood Cell Count; Blood Chemical Analysis; Blood Coagulation Tests; Blood Gas Analysis; Clonixin; Dexamethasone; Endotoxins; Escherichia coli; Female; Hematocrit; Horse Diseases; Horses; Male; Nicotinic Acids; Prednisolone; Shock, Septic