povidone-iodine and sodium-thiosulfate

Sodium Thiosulfate (STS) is already reported as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory agent with antiseptic, antifungal properties. The search for an ideal antiseptic still continues, which is lethal to all types of bacteria and their spores and sustain the activity for a longer time without any harm to the host tissue. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of STS on curing of wounds in rats when compared to Betadine. We developed topical gels having 6% and 12% STS. The effects of STS on wound healing rate of Rats were evaluated against Betadine as positive control. Wounds of control group, selected as Group 1 was treated with normal saline (0.2 ml), twice a day. Reference standard control, designated as Group 2 rats were given with 0.2 ml Betadine twice a day. Rats in Groups 3 and 4 were treated with 0.2 ml of STS gel (6% or 12% respectively) twice a day. In our study, STS formulation has proved to be a safe and efficient wound healing product. It has a neutral pH and longer half life (>12 months). Higher STS dose of 12% proved to have a wound curing rate equivalent to that of Betadine. On 11th Day, 97 ± 0.79% healing was achieved with Betadine and 98 ± 0.67% with 12% STS Gel (

Topics: Animals; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Catalase; Gels; Glutathione Peroxidase; Interleukin-10; Male; Povidone-Iodine; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Skin; Superoxide Dismutase; Thiosulfates; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Wound Healing

An ion-pair reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatographic method with UV-vis detection has been developed for the determination of total free iodine in rabbit plasma after vaginal administration of povidone-iodine (PVP-I). Sample preparation was done by protein precipitation with acetonitrile in 96-well format and aspirin was used as the internal standard. The 100 microL sodium thiosulfate solution (5 g L(-1)) was added to 100 microL plasma sample before protein precipitation, to convert the total free iodine in plasma to iodide (I(-)). Separation was performed on a C(18) column (200 x 4.6 mm i.d., 5 microm). The mobile phase consisting of a mixture of water phase (containing 10 mmol L(-1) 18-crown-6 ether, 5 mmol L(-1) octylamine and 5 mmol L(-1) sodium dihydrogen phosphate, pH adjusted to 6.0 with phosphoric acid) and acetonitrile in the ratio 70:30 (v/v) was delivered isocraticly at a flow rate of 1.0 mL min(-1). The method was sensitive with a lower limit of quantification of 0.005 microg mL(-1), with good linearity (r(2) > 0.9990) over the linear range of 0.005-2 microg mL(-1). All the validation data, such as linearity, accuracy and precision, were within the required limits. The method was successfully applied to study the pharmacokinetic of PVP-I in rabbits after vaginal administration.

Topics: Acetonitriles; Amines; Animals; Aspirin; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Chromatography, Reverse-Phase; Crown Ethers; Female; Iodine; Phosphates; Povidone-Iodine; Rabbits; Reference Standards; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity; Solutions; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Thiosulfates; Water

The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of 10% povidone--iodine solution for the decontamination of bone allografts. Bone samples were prepared and tested for sterility using a femoral head removed at the time of primary hip replacement. They were contaminated by a suspension of Staphylococcus epidermidis and ground to measure the quantity of micro-organism attached to the bone. Two levels of contamination were used (1 x 10(3) vs. 1 x 10(4)CFU/mL) to check the efficiency of our method of measurement. Samples of the two groups were decontaminated with 10% povidone--iodine solution using different exposure times. Before decontamination, the count of bacteria attached to the bone was proportional to the bacterial concentration of the contaminating solution. The microbiocidal activity of 10% povidone--iodine solution was the same in both groups. The decontamination time was proportional to the bacterial concentration of the contaminating solution. The results of this preliminary study suggest that a 10% povidone--iodine solution can decontaminate inoculated bone grafts, but a sufficient time of exposure according to the level of contamination must be allowed.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bone Transplantation; Decontamination; Disinfection; Femur Head; Humans; Povidone-Iodine; Staphylococcus epidermidis; Thiosulfates; Transplants

Three standard strains of Mycobacterium (M. tuberculosis H37Rv, M. avium ATCC15769 and M. kansasii ATCC12478) and 15 clinical isolates of Mycobacterium (7 M. tuberculosis, 2 M. avium, 3 M. kansasii, 1 M. intracellulare, 1 M. chelonae subsp. abscessus and 1 M. gordonae) were selected in order to study the bactericidal activities of povidone-iodine (PVP-I) drug substance and a commercially available PVP-I solution (Isodine solution) against Mycobacterium. After the bacilli had been exposed to the disinfectant solution at concentrations of 0.1 or 0.02% with 2% human serum for various incubation periods from 30 to 120 s, the PVP-I drug substance was inactivated by addition of 0.5% sodium thiosulfate. In the case of the commercially available PVP-I solution, a mixture of 10% Tween 80, 3% soybean lecithin and 0.5% sodium thiosulfate was used as inactivator. It was demonstrated that the 3 standard strains were completely inactivated within 30 s by 0.1% PVP-I drug substance and that the 15 clinical isolates were almost killed by 0.1% commercially available PVP-I solution within 60 s. As a result, the commercially available PVP-I product appeared to be a useful agent as disinfectant against all the tested species of Mycobacterium.

Topics: Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Blood; Chelating Agents; Glycine max; Humans; Iodophors; Mycobacterium; Mycobacterium avium; Mycobacterium avium Complex; Mycobacterium chelonae; Mycobacterium kansasii; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Nontuberculous Mycobacteria; Phosphatidylcholines; Polysorbates; Povidone-Iodine; Surface-Active Agents; Thiosulfates; Time Factors

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the etiological agent of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), was treated with either Betadine (povidone-iodine) Solution or Betadine Surgical Scrub. HIV inactivation was analyzed using the viral reverse transcriptase assay or by observing the cytopathic effect produced in HIV-infected, H-9, T-cell cultures. The minimum effective Betadine dose was 0.25% for complete inactivation of HIV that was treated for various time intervals (immediate vortex to ten minutes). The titer of HIV stocks used in these experiments (10(5) TCID50 per mL) was greater than amounts generally detected in clinical specimens. Our results provide a rationale for the use of povidone-iodine as a topical antiseptic against HIV in the clinic or laboratory.

Topics: Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral; HIV; Povidone; Povidone-Iodine; Thiosulfates; Virus Replication