pomolic-acid and maslinic-acid

Two new triterpenoids, maquatic acid (1), a 2,3-seco-triterpene having an acetal in its A-ring, and 3-Ο-benzoyltormentic acid (2), were isolated from underground parts of Mentha aquatica, in addition to twelve known compounds, tormentic acid (3), 1-Ο-benzoylhyptadienic acid (4), 3-epi-ursolic acid (5), hyptadienic acid (6), 3-epi-maslinic acid (7), 3-epi-tormentic acid (8), ursolic acid (9), β-sitosterol (10), oleanolic acid (11), pomolic acid (12), micromeric acid (13) and 21α-hydroxyursolic acid (14) from aerial and underground parts of the plant. Compounds 4-6, 8, 13 and 14 have been isolated from the genus Mentha for the first time.

Topics: Mentha; Molecular Structure; Oleanolic Acid; Plant Extracts; Plants, Medicinal; Triterpenes; Ursolic Acid

Ellagic acid (1), 3,3'-di-O-methylellagic acid (2), 3,3',4-tri-O-methylellagic acid (3), isovitexin (4), kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-glucuronide methyl ester (5), quercetin 3-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-galactopyranoside (6), ursolic acid, pomolic acid, tormentic acid, euscaphic acid, euscaphic acid 28-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, and maslinic acid were isolated from the AcOEt- and BuOH-soluble MeOH extract of Duchesnea chrysantha (whole plant). The isolates were subjected to in vitro bioassays to evaluate their inhibitory activity on rat-lens aldose reductase (RLAR) and formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). The ellagic acids and flavonoids, compounds 1-6, exhibited moderate inhibitory effects on RLAR. However, compounds 1 and 4-6 showed excellent inhibitory activities towards the formation of AGEs. This is the first report that 4 and 6 exhibit inhibitory activity towards AR and AGEs formation.

Topics: Aldehyde Reductase; Animals; Apigenin; Ellagic Acid; Glycation End Products, Advanced; Glycosides; Lens, Crystalline; Molecular Structure; Oleanolic Acid; Quercetin; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rosaceae; Stereoisomerism; Structure-Activity Relationship; Triterpenes; Ursolic Acid