piperidines and butyloxycarbonyl-phenylalanyl-leucyl-phenylalanyl-leucyl-phenylalanine

In guinea-pig ileum (GPI), the chemotactic peptide N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe-OH (fMLF) possesses spasmogenic properties through the activation of formyl peptide receptors (FPRs). Despite this, the mediators involved remain to be elucidated. fMLF (1nM-1μM) induced a dose-dependent contraction of GPI (EC(50)=24nM), that is blocked by pre-treatment with the FPRs antagonist Boc(2). The pre-treatment with tetrodotoxin (TTX) atropine or with SR140333 reduced the fMLF-induced contraction, whereas with hexamethonium, MEN10627, SB222200, mepyramine, cimetidine, thioperamide or methysergide did not produce any effect. With DuP697 pre-treatment, but not with piroxicam, reduced the fMLF-induced contraction. After stimulation with 24nM fMLF, a strong increase in the PGE(2) levels was observed. Finally, the concomitant blocking of the NK(1) receptor, the muscarinic receptors and COX-2 abolished the GPI contractions induced by fMLF. fMLF induced a concentration-dependent contraction of guinea-pig jejunum (EC(50)=11nM), proximal colon (EC(50)=3.5nM) and distal colon (EC(50)=2.2nM), with a time-course similar to that observed in GPI. In these preparations as well, the co-administration of atropine, SR140333 and DuP697 abolished the contractions induced by fMLF. Intraperitoneal injection of fMLF (0.1 or 1μmol/kg) enhanced the gastrointestinal motility in mice, abolished by the co-administration of atropine, SR140333 and DuP697. In conclusion, we showed that fMLF exerts spasmogenic actions on guinea-pig intestine both in vitro and in vivo through the release of acetylcholine and substance P from myenteric motorneurons and through prostanoids, probably from the inflammatory cells of the enteric immune system.

Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Dinoprostone; Gastrointestinal Motility; Gastrointestinal Transit; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; Lower Gastrointestinal Tract; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine; Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists; Neurotransmitter Agents; Oligopeptides; Piperidines; Piroxicam; Prostaglandins; Quinuclidines; Tetrodotoxin; Thiophenes; Upper Gastrointestinal Tract