piperidines and arprinocid

The stability of experimentally induced resistance to halofuginone, decoquinate or arprinocid in lines of Eimeria tenella, was examined after 10 passages in unmedicated chickens. There was no loss of resistance to halofuginone or decoquinate. Resistance to arprinocid was unaffected in a line developed in the presence of 150 ppm of the drug but was unstable in a line developed with 60 ppm.

Topics: Adenine; Animals; Chickens; Coccidiosis; Coccidiostats; Decoquinate; Drug Resistance; Eimeria; Hydroxyquinolines; Piperidines; Quinazolines; Quinazolinones

A line of Eimeria tenella (H) resistant to robenidine, decoquinate and amprolium has been produced by genetic recombination. It was not possible to obtain a cross between this line and lines resistant to clopidol or arprinocid and halofuginone. Recombination between lines resistant to arprinocid and halofuginone resulted in a loss of pathogenicity.

Topics: Adenine; Amprolium; Animals; Chickens; Clopidol; Coccidiostats; Decoquinate; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Eimeria; Guanidines; Hydroxyquinolines; Picolines; Piperidines; Quinazolines; Quinazolinones; Recombination, Genetic; Robenidine

Monensin, lasalocid, salinomycin, nicarbazin, halofuginone, or arprinocid were fed to 1-week-old male broiler chicks at recommended levels and 1.5, 2, 2.5, and 3 times the recommended level, for 3 weeks. Pair-feeding experiments also were conducted to investigate the extent that growth depression with medicated diets could be attributed to the drop in feed consumption. At the recommended level of drugs, growth and feed conversion were not significantly affected. At elevated drug levels, performance was impaired; the adverse effects of drugs became more pronounced with increasing the concentrations in the diets. Weight gain was significantly depressed at 1.5X with arprinocid, halofuginone, and salinomycin, at 1 to 2X with monensin, at 2X with lasalocid, and at 2.5X with nicarbazin. Feed conversion, however, was adversely affected by 2X with halofuginone or 2.5X with salinomycin, nicarbazin, arprinocid, monensin, or lasalocid. The results of the pair-feeding experiments with 2 to 3 times drug levels indicated that most of the growth depression with medicated diets could be attributed to reduced feed consumption, but all drugs except arprinocid caused some additional growth depression.

Topics: Adenine; Animal Feed; Animals; Body Weight; Chickens; Coccidiostats; Growth; Lasalocid; Male; Monensin; Nicarbazin; Piperidines; Quinazolines; Quinazolinones

Halofuginone and arprinocid, new anticoccidial drugs, were tested to determine the time of peak activity in the life cycle of Eimeria and whether they were coccidiocidal or coccidiostatic. Halofuginone was completely effective if medication was initiated by Day 3 postinoculation, but only partly effective if given on Days 4-7. Arprinocid was effective if given on Days 2-7 postinoculation, but only partly effective if given on Days 3-7. When medication was started on Day 0 and withdrawn on various subsequent days, good activity was recorded with halofuginone if the drug was given up to Day 1 postinoculation, but arprinocid required feeding up to Day 4 postinoculation. In other studies, medication was given until Days 6 or 7 postinoculation, then discontinued, to allow further development of coccidia that were arrested by the drug. With halofuginone, the oocyst passage was low with E. tenella and E. maxima but moderate with E. mivati. With arprinocid, oocyst passage was low with E. maxima and E. mivati but moderate with E tenella. These results suggest that halofuginone is active over a broader part of the life cycle than arprinocid, but both drugs had a predominantly coccidiocidal action.

Topics: Adenine; Animals; Chickens; Coccidiosis; Coccidiostats; Eimeria; Piperidines; Poultry Diseases; Quinazolines; Quinazolinones; Species Specificity