phytosterols and khasianine

Khasianine is recently identified as a bioactive compound from Solanum nigrum L. (SNL) which is a traditional Chinese herb (named LongKui in China) and has been clinically applied for treating psoriasis in China but with limited knowledge about the active ingredients.. This study tried to explore the bioactivity of Khasianine and showed that Khasianine possessed highly anti-inflammatory bioactivity which rapidly alleviated psoriasis-like mice skin inflammation.. Imiquimod induced psoriasis-like mouse model, and human keratinocytes were employed in this study. In vivo, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were performed to evaluate the pathological improvement in psoriatic lesions after Khasianine treatment. In vitro, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) treated HaCaT cells with or without Khasianine, were used to analyze the expression and cellular location of NF-κB p65, the expression of IL-17A and IL-33, and the binding intensity of NF-κB p65 on the promoter of IL-17A and IL-33 to understand the molecular mechanism of Khasianine mediated anti-inflammatory effect.. Khasianine reduced infiltration of CD4. Our results suggested that Khasianine is a potent anti-inflammatory compound with the bioactivity of NF-κB inhibition and is a promising candidate for psoriasis topical therapy.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Dermatitis; Interleukin-17; Interleukin-33; Keratinocytes; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; NF-kappa B; Phytosterols; Psoriasis; Skin; Solanaceous Alkaloids; Transcriptional Activation; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

To investigate the steroidal glycoside constituents of Solanum cumingii.. The compounds were isolated by silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, RP-C18 column and Pre-HPLC chromatography. Their structures were identified by ESI-MS and NMR.. Six known compounds including torvoside K (1), torvoside J (2), torvoside L (3), khasianine (4), aculeatiside A (5) and solamargine (6) were isolated from Solanum cumingii.. All compounds are isolated from Solanum cumingii for the first time.

Topics: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Glycosides; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Phytosterols; Solanaceous Alkaloids; Solanum; Spirostans

A new high-performance thin-layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method has been developed for the simultaneous quantitation of three bioactive steroidal glycoalkaloid (SGA) markers, solasonine (SN), solamargine (SM) and khasianine (KN) in the plant Solanum xanthocarpum. Extraction efficiency of targeted SGAs from plant matrix using methanol and acidified methanol were studied using percolation, ultrasonication and microwave techniques. The separation was achieved on silica gel 60F(254) TLC plates using chloroform-methanol-water as mobile phase. The quantitation of SGAs was carried out using the densitometric reflection/absorption mode at 520 nm after post chromatographic derivatization using Dragendorff's reagent. The method was validated for peak purity, precision, accuracy, robustness, limit of detection (LOD) and quantitation (LOQ). Method specificity was confirmed using retention factor (R(f)), Vis spectral correlation and electrospray ionization mass spectra (ESI-MS) of marker compounds in the sample track.

Topics: Chromatography, Thin Layer; Densitometry; Mass Spectrometry; Phytosterols; Plant Components, Aerial; Plant Extracts; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity; Solanaceous Alkaloids; Solanum; Steroids

A new method for simultaneous determination of solasonine (1), solamargine (2) and khasianine (3) in Solanum Nigrum by reversed-phase HPLC was developed.. The samples were separated at 30 degrees C on Agilent Zorbax SB C18 (4.6 mm x 150 mm, 5 microm) column with acetonitrile-water-phosphoric as mobile phase. Flow rate was 1.0 mL x min(-1) and the detection wavelength was 205 nm.. There was good linearity between the peak area and concentration at the ranges of 0.860-10.320 microg (r = 0.999 7), 0.726-8.710 microg (r = 0.999 7), 0.856-10.270 microg (r = 0.999 7) for 1, 2 and 3 respectively. The average recoveries of 1, 2 and 3 were 101.04%, 99.65%, 100.17%.. The method is rapid, simple and accurate, and it can be used for the evaluation of Solanum Nigrum L.

Topics: Alkaloids; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Phytosterols; Solanaceous Alkaloids; Solanum nigrum

Solamargine, solasodine and khasianine steroidal alkaloids are utilized to determine the role of carbohydrate moiety in the mechanism of apoptosis. The C3 side chain of solamargine, khasianine and solasodine contains 4'Rha-Glc-Rha2', 4'Rha-Glc and H, respectively. Solamargine possessed potent cytotoxicity to human hepatoma cells, while the cytotoxicity of khasianine was greatly diminished. Nevertheless, only solamargine could induced "sub-G1" of apoptotic feature in flowcytometry. Thus, the 2'Rha moiety of solamargine may play a crucial role in triggering cell death by apoptosis. In addition, the molecular modeling of solamargine indicated that the 2'Rha moiety was adjacent to the rigid steroid structure, and drastically changed the dihedral angle of the glycosidic bond. The regulations of TNFR I and II expression by different carbohydrate moieties were also distinct. It implied that the carbohydrate moieties of steroidal alkaloids might alter the binding specificity to steroid receptors and consequently regulate the gene expression in different manners.

Topics: Antigens, CD; Apoptosis; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Humans; Liver Neoplasms; Molecular Conformation; Phytosterols; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II; Rhamnose; Solanaceous Alkaloids; Structure-Activity Relationship; Tumor Cells, Cultured