phytosterols and cerevisterol

Hypoxia will cause an increase in the rate of fatigue and aging. Chinese cordyceps, a parasitic Thitarodes insect-Ophiocordyceps sinensis fungus complex in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, has long been used to ameliorate human conditions associated with aging and senescence, it is principally applied to treat fatigue, night sweating and other symptoms related to aging, and it may play the anti-aging and anti-fatigue effect by improving the body's hypoxia tolerance.. The present study investigated the anti-hypoxia activity of Chinese cordyceps and explore the main corresponding signal pathways and bioactive compounds.. In this study, network pharmacology analysis, molecular docking, cell and whole pharmacodynamic experiments were hired to study the major signal pathways and the bioactive compounds of Chinese cordyceps for anti-hypoxia activity.. 17 pathways which Chinese cordyceps acted on seemed to be related to the anti-hypoxia effect, and "VEGF signal pathway" was one of the most important pathway. Chinese cordyceps improved the survival rate and regulated the targets related VEGF signal pathway of H9C2 cells under hypoxia, and also had significant anti-hypoxia effects to mice. Chorioallantoic membrane model experiment showed that Chinese cordyceps and the main constituents of (9Z,12Z)-octadeca-9,12-dienoic acid and cerevisterol had significant angiogenic activity in hypoxia condition.. Based on the results of network pharmacology and molecular docking analysis, cell and whole pharmacodynamic experiments, promoting angiogenesis by regulating VEGF signal pathway might be one of the mechanisms of anti-hypoxia effect of Chinese cordyceps, (9Z, 12Z)-octadeca-9,12-dienoic acid and cerevisterol were considered as the major anti-hypoxia bioactive compounds in Chinese cordyceps.

Topics: Animals; Chick Embryo; Chorioallantoic Membrane; Cordyceps; Female; Hypoxia; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Molecular Docking Simulation; Phytosterols; Signal Transduction

As part of our continuous effort to find potential anti-inflammatory agents from endophytic fungi, a

Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Cell Survival; Dinoprostone; Fusarium; Heme Oxygenase-1; Inflammation; Magnoliopsida; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Membrane Proteins; Mice; Molecular Docking Simulation; NF-E2-Related Factor 2; NF-kappa B; Nitric Oxide; Phosphorylation; Phytosterols; RAW 264.7 Cells; Reactive Oxygen Species; RNA, Small Interfering; Signal Transduction; Transcription Factor AP-1

Topics: Amidines; Animals; Antioxidants; Basidiomycota; Bone Density Conservation Agents; Cell Differentiation; Cell Line; Cinnamates; Fruiting Bodies, Fungal; Functional Food; Gene Expression; Hep G2 Cells; Humans; Macrophages; Mice; Molecular Structure; Osteoclasts; Oxidants; Peroxides; Phytosterols; RANK Ligand; Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase

One new meroterpenoid, named hericenone K (11), along with 10 known compounds (1-10), ergosterol peroxide (1), cerevisterol (2), 3β,5α,9α-trihydroxy-ergosta-7,22-dien-6-one (3), inoterpene A (4), astradoric acid C (5), betulin (6), oleanolic acid (7), ursolic acid (8), hemisceramide (9), and 3,4-dihydro-5-methoxy-2-methyl-2-(4'-methyl-2'-oxo-3'-pentenyl)-9(7H)-oxo-2H-furo[3,4-h]benzopyran (10), was isolated from the fruiting bodies of the mushroom Hericium erinaceus. Their structures were characterized on the basis of spectroscopic methods, as well as through comparison with previously reported data. Compounds 3-6, 8, and 9 were isolated from Hericium species for the first time. Compounds 10 and 11 was suggested to be racemic by the CD spectrum data and specific rotations, which ware resolved by chiral HPLC into respective enantiomers. Compounds 1-3, (±)-10, (-)-10 and (+)-10 in the presence of NGF (20 ng/mL) exerted a significant increase in neurite-bearing cells.

Topics: Agaricales; Animals; Ceramides; Ergosterol; Fruiting Bodies, Fungal; Monoterpenes; Nerve Growth Factors; Neurites; PC12 Cells; Phytosterols; Rats; Stereoisomerism; Triterpenes

To study the chemical constituents from Dichotella gemmacea.. Chemical constituents were isolated by silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated through spectroscopic analysis.. Eight compounds were identified as fragilide J(I), junceelldide D(II), junceellin A (IlI), juncin P(IV), dichotellides A (V), cerevisterol (VI), 1,2-diphenyldiselane (VII) and 5H-pyrido[4,3-b] indole (VIII).. Compounds VI, VII and VIII are isolated from Dichotella gemmacea for the first time.

Topics: Animals; Anthozoa; Carbolines; China; Diterpenes; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Molecular Structure; Oceans and Seas; Phytosterols

To investigate the secondary metabolites from Penicillium raistrickii.. Compounds were isolated and purified by normal and reverse phase silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 gel column chromatography and RP-HPLC. Their structures were established by means of spectral techniques and physicochemical properties.. Twelve compounds were identified as pestafolide A(II), 3-methoxy-4-methyl-2,4-dien-pentanoic acid (2),p-hydroxy phenylacetamide (3),2-(2-hydroxy propanamido) benzamide (4), nicotinic acid (5), thymine (6), uracil (7) cyclo (Gly-Ala) (8), (22E,24R)-3β,5α,9α-trihydroxy ergosta-7,22-diene-6-one (9), cerevisterol (10), ergosterol (11) and ergosterol peroxide (12).. All compounds are isolated from Penicillium raistrickii for the first time.

Topics: Benzamides; Dipeptides; Ergosterol; Niacin; Penicillium; Phytosterols; Secondary Metabolism

From an endophytic strain of Gliocladium sp. isolated from the Amazonian plant Strychnos cf. toxifera, we obtained the diketopiperazine alkaloid cyclo-(glycyl-L-tyrosyl)-4,4-dimethylallyl ether (1), the steroids ergosterol (2), ergosterol peroxide (3), cerevisterol (4) and the citric acid (5). The AcOEt extract of the fermented broth by Gliocladium sp. showed potent activity against the cancer cell lines MDA-MB435 (human breast cancer cells), HCT-8 (human colorectal cancer cells) and SF-295 (human glioblastoma cancer cells). Compound 1 exhibited a strong antimicrobial activity against Micrococcus luteus at a concentration of 43.4 µM.

Topics: Alkaloids; Anti-Infective Agents; Antineoplastic Agents; Cell Line, Tumor; Citric Acid; Diketopiperazines; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endophytes; Ergosterol; Gliocladium; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Micrococcus luteus; Molecular Structure; Peptides, Cyclic; Phytosterols; Strychnos

Ganoderma lucidum is known as a medicinal mushroom used in traditional medicine. In our study, the cytotoxic activities of 17 compounds (1-17) isolated from the fruiting bodies of G. lucidum were investigated. Among them, ergosta-7,22-diene-2β,3α,9α-triol (EGDT) induced apoptosis in HL-60 human premyelocytic leukemia cells. EGDT activated the apoptotic process, including DNA fragmentation and caspase-3 activity. In immunoblotting analysis, treatment with EGDT resulted in the cleavage of procaspase-3 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) into active forms. In the in vivo study, the administration (i.p.) of EGDT to Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC)-inoculated mice evidenced a significant inhibition of tumor growth. These results indicate that EGDT was one of the apoptotic constituents of G. lucidum, and might be an antitumor agent.

Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Apoptosis; Carcinoma, Lewis Lung; Caspase 3; DNA Fragmentation; Female; HL-60 Cells; Humans; Mice; Phytosterols; Reishi

A new polyoxygenated ergostane-type sterol, 3β,5α,6β,8β,14α-pentahydroxy-(22E,24R)-ergost-22-en-7-one (1), has been isolated from the liquid culture of the basidiomycete Ganoderma applanatum together with four known sterols, 3β,5α,9α-trihydroxy-(22E,24R)-ergosta-7,22-dien-6-one (2), ergosterol peroxide (3), 6-dehydrocerevisterol (4) and cerevisterol (5). Two of these sterols (2, 4) are reported to have been isolated from this species for the first time. The structures of these compounds were determined by chemical and spectroscopic analyses, including 1D- and 2D-NMR, as well as by comparison of their spectroscopic data with those reported in the literature.

Topics: Ergosterol; Ganoderma; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Molecular Structure; Phytosterols; Steroids

To study the secondary metabolites of Coriolopsis sp. G066.. The compounds were isolated by various chromatographic methods (silica gel, reverse silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, preparative TLC and so on). Their structures were determined by extensive analysis of their spectroscopic data as well as by comparison with literature reports.. Six compounds were isolated and identified as diaporthein A(1), tyrosol(2), eburicoic acid(3), ergosterol(4), ergosterol peroxide(5) and cerevisterol (6).. All the compounds are isolated from the genus for the first time.

Topics: Diterpenes; Ergosterol; Fermentation; Lanosterol; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Molecular Structure; Phenylethyl Alcohol; Phytosterols; Polyporaceae

To study the chemical constituents of Abelmoschus esculentus.. The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by chromatography on silica gel and recrystallization. The chemical structures were elucidated on the basis of physicochemical properties and spectral date.. Twelve compounds were isolated and identified as 9,19-23 (Z)-cycloart-23-en-3beta, 25-diol(1), ergost-7,22-diene-3beta,5alpha,6beta-triol(2),5alpha, 6alpha-epoxyergost-8(14), 22-dien-3beta, 7alpha-diol(3), 5alpha,8alpha-epidioxyergost-22-en-3beta-ol(4), stigmast-5-ene-3beta,7alpha-diol(5), stigmast-5, 22-diene-3beta,7alpha-diol(6), stigmast-4-en-3beta,6beta-diol(7), stigmast-4,22-diene-3beta,6beta-diol(8), stigmast-4-ene-3, 6-dione(9), stigmast-4-ene-3-one (10),beta-sitosterol(11), daucosterol(12).. Compounds 1-10 are obtained from the plant for the first time and also from the genu for the first time.

Topics: Abelmoschus; Cholestenones; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Ergosterol; Fruit; Molecular Structure; Phytosterols; Solvents; Steroids; Stigmasterol

The inhibitory activities of the extracts of Cantharellus cibarius and isolated compounds were investigated in an enzyme-based ELISA NF-kappaB assay. Of the tested compounds, ergosterol, ergosterol peroxide and cerevisterol were noted to have the most potent inhibition of NF-kappaB activation. The ability of the active metabolites to inhibit the NF-kappaB translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus was assessed using a cell-based NF-kappaB assay. The isolated compounds were elucidated through the analysis of various spectroscopic methods.

Topics: Basidiomycota; Ergosterol; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; HeLa Cells; Humans; NF-kappa B; Phytosterols; Plant Extracts

To study the chemical constituents of a marine-derived fungus possessing anti-tumor activity.. The compounds were isolated by various chromatographic methods and their structures were elucidated through spectroscopic analysis and chemical and physical properties.. Nine compounds were isolated and identified as: (S)-(-)-N-benzoylphenylalaninol, asperphnamate, cerevisterol, (22E, 24R)-6beta-methnoxyergosta-7,22-diene-3beta, 5alpha-diol, (22E, 24R)-5alpha, 6alpha-epoxy-ergosta-8, 22-diene-3beta, 7alpha-diol, (22E, 24R) -3beta, 5alpha, 9alpha-trihydroxyergosta-7, 22-diene-6-one, (22E, 24R) -3beta-hydroxy-ergosta-5, 8, 22-trien-7-one, ergosterol, ergosterol peroxide.. (22E, 24R)-3beta-hydroxy-ergosta-5, 8, 22-trien-7-one is isolated from microorganisms for the first time.

Topics: Alkaloids; Amides; Antineoplastic Agents; Ergosterol; Fungi; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Marine Biology; Molecular Structure; Mycelium; Phytosterols

Fungal infection is still a life-threatening risk for the immunocompromised population such as AIDS patients and those who receive treatments with immunosuppressors and/or frequent administrations of wide-spectrum antibiotics, which inevitably lead to the drug resistance and unbalanced microflora populations. The present work was accordingly performed to characterize more potent antifungal metabolites from various cultures of marine fungi residing in white croaker Argyrosomus argentatus.. The three most common opportunistic human pathogens Candida albicans (CCCCM ID 00148), Aspergillus niger (CCCCM ACCC 30005) and Trichophyton rubrum (CCCCM ID 00001) were selected as test fungi. A total of 16 cultivable fungal strains were isolated from the variant tissues of Ar. argentatus collected from the Yellow Sea, followed by preliminary antifungal screenings of the EtOAc extracts of the corresponding cultures. As a result, the inhibition of the three target fungi, plus being allergic to isolators' skin, were discerned with the EtOAc extract of the fungus under the isolation number Z16 that was identified subsequently as Myrothecium sp. by a combination of morphological and 18S rDNA finger-typing characteristics. A follow-up bioassay fractionation of the EtOAc extract, in conjunction with spectral analyses [MS, (1)H-NMR, (13)C-NMR, distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer (DEPT), heteronuclear multiple quantum coherence (HMQC) and heteronuclear multiple bond resonance (HMBC)] wherever required, afforded eventually the characterization of a new acid (compound 1: 4,5-ditridecyl-octanedioic acid), three macrocyclic trichothecenes including roridin A (compound 2), verrucarin A (compound 3) and 8beta-acetoxy-roridin H (compound 4), (22E,24R)-cerevisterol (compound 5) and N-phenyl-beta-amino-naphthalene (compound 6). In vitro antifungal tests showed that the three trichothecenes were active against A. niger, T. rubrum and C. albicans with MICs of 31.25, 62.5 and 125 microg ml(-1) for compound 2, 250, 125 and 31.25 microg ml(-1) for compound 3 as well as 125, 62.5 and 125 microg ml(-1) for compound 4 respectively. The MICs of ketoconazole (co-assayed herewith as a positive reference) against A. niger, T. rubrum and C. albicans were 31.25, 250, 31.25 microg ml(-1) respectively. A preliminary structure-activity relationship of the antifungal trichothecenes was highlighted in brief.. The present investigation demonstrated that marine fungus Myrothecium sp. Z16 associated with white croaker (Ar. argentatus), was an efficient producer of a new acid and antifungal trichothecenes, the latter presumably being also the allergic substances in the culture.. The title marine fungus was investigated to be a resource of new aliphatic acid, and trichothecenes with potent antifungal and dermal toxic actions.

Topics: Animals; Antifungal Agents; Ascomycota; Aspergillus niger; Candida albicans; Culture Media; Dicarboxylic Acids; DNA, Ribosomal; Mycotoxins; Naphthalenes; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; Perciformes; Phytosterols; Structure-Activity Relationship; Trichophyton; Trichothecenes

A new stigmasterol, (24S)-stigmast-5-en-7beta-ethoxy-3beta-ol (2) together with three known sterols have been isolated from the ethanolic extract of the pericarp of Sphaerophysa salsula (Pall.) DC, and their structures elucidated mainly on the basis of the spectral data and comparison with the literature.

Topics: China; Chromatography, Gel; Ergosterol; Fabaceae; Molecular Structure; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; Phytosterols; Plant Extracts; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Spectrophotometry, Infrared; Stigmasterol

Two ergosterins and two triterpenoids were isolated from the dried fruit bodies of Ascomyce Bulgaria inquinans. By means of chemical (hydrolysis) and spectroscopic methods (NMR, El-MS), their structures were established as betuinic acid (1), cerevisterol (2), (24R)ergosta-7, 22E-diene-3beta, 5alpha, 6beta-triol-3-O-palmitate (3) and ursolic acid (4). Compound 3 is a new compound.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Ascomycota; Betulinic Acid; China; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Pentacyclic Triterpenes; Phytosterols; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Triterpenes; Ursolic Acid

Topics: Acetic Acid; Analgesics; Animals; Basidiomycota; Ceramides; Cerebrosides; Mice; Molecular Structure; Pain; Phytosterols