phytoestrogens and ethyl-acetate

Breast cancer is a disease where cells in the tissue of the breast, grow and divide without normal control. Breast cancer is second major cause for death in world wide. Importance of natural product increase due to adverse effect of existing synthetic drugs.

Topics: Acetates; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Asparagus Plant; Breast Neoplasms; Cell Line, Tumor; Computer Simulation; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; Estrogen Receptor alpha; Female; Humans; Molecular Docking Simulation; Phytoestrogens; Plant Extracts; Protein Conformation; Rutin; Solvents

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of soybean extracts obtained using different extraction methods on the skin of female rats.. A total of 64 female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 8 equal groups. Various extracts were administered to the female rats by oral gavage for one month. The groups comprised carboxymethyl cellulose-free control, carboxymethyl cellulose-plus control, 100-mg/kg n-hexane extract, 200-mg/kg n-hexane extract, 100-mg/kg ethyl acetate extract, 200-mg/kg ethyl acetate extract, 100-mg/kg ethanol extract and 200-mg/kg ethanol extract groups. The thickness of the collagen layer and the number of estrogen receptor-positive cells were evaluated.. All the extract-treated groups showed a statistically significant decrease in the number of estrogen receptor-positive cells compared with the control groups. Regarding the thickness of the collagen layer, only the 200-mg/kg ethyl acetate extract-treated group showed a significant increase compared with the control groups (p<0.05).. Our data suggest that oral intake of three different total soybean extracts might have positive estrogenic effects on the skin and that only a high-dose ethyl acetate extract can increase the expression of collagen, which may prove to be beneficial for postmenopausal facial skin.

Topics: Acetates; Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Collagen; Ethanol; Female; Glycine max; Hexanes; Immunohistochemistry; Phytoestrogens; Plant Extracts; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Estrogen; Reference Values; Reproducibility of Results; Skin; Time Factors

Previous study showed that soy isoflavone supplement alleviates disease severity in autoimmune-prone mice. As the ethyl acetate extract of alfalfa sprout (AS) has selective oestrogenic and anti-inflammatory activity, this study evaluated the effects of alfalfa sprout ethyl acetate extract (ASEA) on disease severity of systemic lupus erythematosus, using autoimmune-prone female MRL-lpr/lpr mice. In Experiment 1, five groups of 12-week-old female mice were per oral treated with vehicle (control), lyophilized AS (550 mg wt/kg BW), ASEA (ASEA, 25 mg/kg BW), coumestrol (CUM, 0.075 mg/kg BW) and tamoxifen (TAM, 0.375 mg/kg BW) as the positive control. The onset of proteinuria was delayed, and the life span was significantly longer in the ASEA and TAM groups but neither in the AS nor in the CUM groups, compared to the control. To examine the changes in the immunological parameters related to disease process, three more groups of MRL-lpr/lpr female mice (control, ASEA and TAM) were fed in a similar manner for 6 weeks in the Experiment 2. Flow cytometric analysis of splenocytes showed a significantly lower percentage of activated T cells in the ASEA and TAM groups. The ex-vivo interferon-gamma and interleukin (IL)-4 production from splenocytes and tumour necrosis factor-alpha and IL-1beta production from peritoneal exudate cells were also significantly lower in the ASEA group compared with the control. The ASEA group also had less severe glomerulonephritis. Thus, ASEA attenuated cytokine and inflammatory responses of self-reactive lymphocytes, decreased the disease severity, increased survival and life span of the autoimmune-prone MRL-lpr/lpr mice, suggesting a potential of ASEA in the treatment of autoimmune diseases.

Topics: Acetates; Animals; Autoantibodies; Biomarkers; Coumestrol; Cytokines; Female; Humans; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Male; Medicago sativa; Mice; Mice, Inbred MRL lpr; Phytoestrogens; Plant Extracts; Receptors, Estrogen; Spleen; Survival Rate; Transcriptional Activation

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Sedum sarmentosun Bunge (SS) on the lipid on serum and the collagen content of the connective tissues in ovariectomized estrogen-deficient rats. Three groups were surgically ovariectomized. The fourth group was sham operated. From day 2 until day 37 after the ovariectomy, Sprague-Dawley female rats were randomly assigned to the following groups: sham-operated rats (sham), ovariectomized control rats (OVX-control), ovariectomized rats supplemented with an ethyl ether fraction of SS at 10 mg/kg bw/d (OVX-EE), ovariectomized rats supplemented an ethyl acetate fraction of SS at 10 mg/kg bw/d (OVX-EA). The SS fractions were orally administrated at 1 mL per day. The estrogenic effects of the ethyl ether and ethyl acetate fractions of SS, were investigated using one in vitro assay and two in vivo assays. The treatment of the partition of the ethyl ether and ethyl acetate layers of SS increased the transcriptional activity 0.7-fold and 0.5-fold compared to those that were given 17beta-estradiol treatment, respectively. The OVX rats were significantly heavier than the sham-operated rats at all times, but supplementation with the SS extracts tended to result in less weight gain than OVX-control. The serum triglyceride levels were significantly decreased after supplementation with the SS portion EE and EA layers. Supplementation with the SS extracts prevented a decrease in the collagen level in bone and cartilage tissues. This result indicates that the SS affects the collagen synthesis in ovariectomized rats. These results are consistent with the conclusions based on the estrogenic activities of SS. Therefore, it may be used to possibly improve the quality of life in menopausal women.

Topics: Acetates; Animals; Body Weight; Breast Neoplasms; Estradiol; Ether; Female; Humans; Isoflavones; Organ Size; Ovariectomy; Phytoestrogens; Plant Extracts; Plant Preparations; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sedum; Triglycerides; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Uterus