pentylenetetrazole has been researched along with glycine in 48 studies
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 30 (62.50) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 7 (14.58) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 8 (16.67) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 2 (4.17) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 1 (2.08) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Bernardo, K; Keenan, L; Koopowitz, H | 1 |
| Beer, B; Coupet, J; Greenblatt, EN; Klepner, CA; Lippa, AS | 1 |
| Costa, E; Guidotti, A; Mao, CC; Suria, A | 1 |
| Barker, JL; Macdonald, RL | 1 |
| Stone, WE | 1 |
| Lippa, AS; Regan, B | 1 |
| Feldberg, W; Rocha e Silva, M | 1 |
| Kaplan, BJ; Williamson, PD | 1 |
| Simmonds, MA | 1 |
| Brierley, JB; Meldrum, BS; Papy, JJ; Toure, MF | 1 |
| Glaser, GH; Yu, RK | 1 |
| Peterson, SL | 2 |
| Campos Júnior, RR; Guertzenstein, PG | 1 |
| Freire, E; Guertzenstein, PG; Piçarro, IC; Rodrigues, LO; Russo, AK; Silva, AC; Silva, FR; Tarasantchi, J | 1 |
| Halsey, MJ; Little, HJ; Wardley-Smith, B | 1 |
| Hara, S; Morioka, S; Satoh, K; Yanagihara, S | 1 |
| Hjeds, H; Krogsgaard-Larsen, P; Sarhan, S; Schousboe, A; Seiler, N | 1 |
| Vamvakidès, A | 1 |
| Kolokouris, N; Vamvakidès, A | 1 |
| Edamatsu, R; Fujikawa, N; Hiramatsu, M; Mori, A; Shirasu, A; Suzuki, S; Yamamoto, M | 1 |
| Baldwin, HA; Curle, PF; File, SE; Neal, MJ | 1 |
| Freed, WJ; Ghoz, EH | 1 |
| Straughan, DW | 1 |
| Guertzenstein, PG | 2 |
| Woodbury, DM | 1 |
| Sedlácek, J | 1 |
| Lajtha, A; Toth, E | 1 |
| Sarhan, S; Seiler, N | 1 |
| Barker, JL; Mathers, DA; McBurney, RN | 1 |
| Fehér, O; Rojik, I | 1 |
| Campos Júnior, RR; Freire, E; Guertzenstein, PG; Russo, AK; Silva, AC; Tolentino-Silva, FP | 1 |
| Geurts, M; Lambert, DM; Poupaert, JH; Scriba, GK | 1 |
| Dalby, NO; Thomsen, C | 1 |
| Bialer, M; Dagan, A; Sussan, S | 1 |
| Arikan, K; Coskun, T; Guvener, B; Oran, O | 1 |
| Bialer, M; Isoherranen, N; White, HS; Woodhead, JH | 1 |
| Burnashev, N; Bushell, TJ; Clarke, VR; Collett, VJ; Collingridge, GL; Duvoisin, RM; Flor, PJ; Gasparini, F; Hampson, DR; Klebs, K; Knoepfel, T; Kuhn, R; Portet, C; Rozov, A; Sansig, G; Schmutz, M; Schroeder, M; Shigemoto, R; van Der Putten, H; Zhang, C | 1 |
| Tan, CY; Wainman, D; Weaver, DF | 1 |
| Becker, A; Grecksch, G; Nagaraja, RY; Reymann, KG; Schroeder, H | 1 |
| Balschun, D; Becker, A; Nagaraja, RY; Reymann, KG | 1 |
| Aguiar, LM; Cunha, GM; Fonteles, MM; Lima, NM; Macedo, DS; Rodrigues, AC; Sales, GT; Silveira, ER; Sousa, FC; Vasconcelos, SM; Viana, GS | 1 |
| Fei, D; Gong, N; Xu, L; Xu, TL; Zhang, LH | 1 |
| Bidziński, A; Hamed, A; Lehner, M; Maciejak, P; Płaźnik, A; Skórzewska, A; Sobolewska, A; Szyndler, J; Taracha, E; Turzyńska, D; Wisłowska-Stanek, A | 1 |
| Jiang, Y; Xiang, J | 1 |
| Cao, L; Di, ZL; Jiang, Y; Lei, H; Tian, Y; Zhang, GJ | 1 |
| Han, K; Liu, J; Liu, R; Shang, F; Yin, S; Zhang, C; Zhou, P | 1 |
1 review(s) available for pentylenetetrazole and glycine
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
New concepts on the mechanism of action of benzodiazepines.
Topics: Animals; Benzodiazepines; Cerebellum; Chlordiazepoxide; Cyclic AMP; Diazepam; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Ganglia, Autonomic; Glycine; Humans; Isoniazid; Medulla Oblongata; Pentylenetetrazole; Phenobarbital; Phenytoin; Picrotoxin; Receptors, Drug; Seizures; Sensory Receptor Cells; Spinal Cord; Strychnine; Substantia Nigra | 1975 |
47 other study(ies) available for pentylenetetrazole and glycine
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Primitive nervous systems: action of aminergic drugs and blocking agents on activity in the ventral nerve cord of the flatworm Notoplana acticola.
Topics: Animals; Bicuculline; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glycine; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Pentylenetetrazole; Peripheral Nerves; Picrotoxin; Platyhelminths | 1979 |
A synthetic non-benzodiazepine ligand for benzodiazepine receptors: a probe for investigating neuronal substrates of anxiety.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Benzodiazepines; Body Temperature; Conflict, Psychological; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glycine; Humans; Ligands; Male; Mice; Motor Activity; Neurons; Pentylenetetrazole; Pyridazines; Rats; Receptors, Drug; Seizures | 1979 |
Pentylenetetrazol and penicillin are selective antagonists of GABA-mediated post-synaptic inhibition in cultured mammalian neurones.
Topics: Alanine; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Culture Techniques; GABA Antagonists; Glutamates; Glycine; Mice; Neural Inhibition; Penicillins; Pentylenetetrazole; Synaptic Transmission | 1977 |
Effects of alterations in the metabolism of gamma-aminobutyrate on convulsant potencies.
Topics: 3-Mercaptopropionic Acid; Aminobutyrates; Aminooxyacetic Acid; Animals; Bicuculline; Diacetyl; Drug Synergism; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glycine; Hydrazines; Male; Mice; Pentylenetetrazole; Phenelzine; Picrotoxin; Pyridoxine; Reaction Time; Seizures; Thiones; Valproic Acid | 1977 |
Additional studies on the importance of glycine and GABA in mediating the actions of benzodiazepines.
Topics: Aminobutyrates; Animals; Bicuculline; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glycine; Male; Mice; Pentylenetetrazole; Seizures; Strychnine | 1977 |
Vasopressin release produced in anaesthetized cats by antagonists of gamma-aminobutyric acid and glycine.
Topics: Aminobutyrates; Anesthesia; Animals; Bicuculline; Blood Pressure; Cats; GABA Antagonists; Glycine; Medulla Oblongata; Pentylenetetrazole; Picrotoxin; Strychnine; Time Factors; Tubocurarine; Vasopressins | 1978 |
Electroencephalogram and somatosensory evoked potential changes after administration of six convulsant drugs.
Topics: Animals; Bemegride; Bicuculline; Cats; Convulsants; Electroencephalography; Evoked Potentials; Glycine; Pentylenetetrazole; Picrotoxin; Somatosensory Cortex; Strychnine; Time Factors | 1978 |
Presynaptic actions of gamma-aminobutyric acid and some antagonists in a slice preparation of cuneate nucleus.
Topics: Aminobutyrates; Animals; Bemegride; Bicuculline; Electrophysiology; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glycine; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Pentylenetetrazole; Potassium; Rats; Strychnine | 1978 |
Four models for studying cerebral lesions secondary to epileptic seizures.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Bicuculline; Blood Gas Analysis; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Body Temperature; Cerebellum; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy; Gallamine Triethiodide; Gliosis; Glycine; Hippocampus; Ischemia; Papio; Pentylenetetrazole; Purkinje Cells | 1975 |
Possible role of gangliosides in epilepsy: effects of epileptic seizures on cerebral gangliosides.
Topics: Allyl Compounds; Animals; Brain; Gangliosides; Glycine; Male; Pentylenetetrazole; Rats; Seizures | 1975 |
Glycine potentiation of anticonvulsant drugs in pentylenetetrazol seizures in rats.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Drug Synergism; Glycine; Male; Pentylenetetrazole; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Seizures | 1991 |
Role of the glycine sensitive area in the regulation of cardiac output.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Cardiac Output; Glycine; Medulla Oblongata; Pentobarbital; Pentylenetetrazole | 1989 |
Breathing pattern during pharmacological activation and blockade of the intermediate area of the ventrolateral surface of the cat medulla.
Topics: Animals; Cats; Glycine; Lung Volume Measurements; Medulla Oblongata; Pentobarbital; Pentylenetetrazole; Respiration; Respiratory Center; Tidal Volume | 1989 |
Systemically administered glycine protects against strychnine convulsions, but not the behavioural effects of high pressure, in mice.
Topics: Animals; Atmospheric Pressure; Bicuculline; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glycine; High Pressure Neurological Syndrome; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Pentylenetetrazole; Seizures; Strychnine; Time Factors | 1989 |
Exacerbation of indomethacin-induced gastric ulceration by systemically administered GABA in rats: possible involvement of peripheral GABA receptors.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Atropine; beta-Alanine; Bicuculline; Drug Synergism; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glycine; Indomethacin; Male; Muscimol; Pentobarbital; Pentylenetetrazole; Picrotoxin; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, GABA-A; Stomach Ulcer; Taurine | 1988 |
Amplification by glycine of the anticonvulsant effect of THPO, a GABA uptake inhibitor.
Topics: 3-Mercaptopropionic Acid; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain Chemistry; Drug Synergism; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glycine; Isoxazoles; Male; Mice; Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; Oxazoles; Pentylenetetrazole; Seizures | 1985 |
[Effects of GABA-ergic and glycinergic agents on pentamethylenetetrazole-induced convulsions in rats submitted to repeated injections of reserpine].
Topics: Animals; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glycine; Linoleic Acids; Male; Pentylenetetrazole; Psychotropic Drugs; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Glycine; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Reserpine; Seizures; Substantia Nigra | 1986 |
[Synergic effect of GABA and glycine in the antagonism of convulsions caused by pentetrazole in rats. Study of glycine valproamide].
Topics: Animals; Drug Synergism; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glycine; Male; Pentylenetetrazole; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Seizures; Valproic Acid | 1986 |
Measurement during convulsions of guanidino compound levels in cerebrospinal fluid collected with a catheter inserted into the cisterna magna of rabbits.
Topics: Animals; Arginine; Cisterna Magna; Creatinine; Glycine; Guanidines; Male; Pentylenetetrazole; Rabbits; Seizures; Time Factors | 1988 |
Anxiety in the rat is associated with decreased release of 5-HT and glycine from the hippocampus.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Glycine; Hippocampus; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Male; Pentylenetetrazole; Rats; Serotonin | 1987 |
Effects of betaine on seizures in the rat.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Betaine; Glycine; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Pentylenetetrazole; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Seizures | 1985 |
Convulsant drugs: amino acid antagonism and central inhibition.
Topics: Action Potentials; Alkaloids; Amino Acids; Animals; Anura; Binding Sites; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Cerebral Cortex; Crustacea; Dioxoles; Evoked Potentials; GABA Antagonists; Glycine; Iontophoresis; Isoquinolines; Mammals; Membranes; Neural Inhibition; Neuromuscular Junction; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Pentylenetetrazole; Picrotoxin; Rats; Receptors, Drug; Species Specificity; Strychnine; Synaptic Transmission; Tritium | 1974 |
Blood pressure effects obtained by drugs applied to the ventral surface of the brain stem.
Topics: Aminobutyrates; Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Brain Stem; Carbachol; Cats; Depression, Chemical; Femoral Artery; Glycine; Pentylenetetrazole; Physostigmine; Stimulation, Chemical; Strychnine; Tubocurarine | 1973 |
Vasodepressor and pressor responses to drugs topically applied to the ventral surface of the brain stem.
Topics: Aminobutyrates; Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Brain Stem; Carbachol; Cats; Depression, Chemical; Glycine; Pentylenetetrazole; Physostigmine; Strychnine; Time Factors; Tubocurarine | 1972 |
Convulsant drugs: mechanisms of action.
Topics: Amino Acids; Barbiturates; Biological Transport, Active; Brain; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Convulsants; Epilepsy; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glycine; Humans; Neurons; Pentylenetetrazole; Substance P | 1980 |
Development of pentazol (metrazol) activation of spontaneous motility in chick embryos.
Topics: Animals; Central Nervous System; Chick Embryo; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glycine; Motor Activity; Pentylenetetrazole | 1982 |
Glycine potentiates the action of some anticonvulsant drugs in some seizure models.
Topics: 3-Mercaptopropionic Acid; Acoustic Stimulation; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Synergism; Glycine; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Inbred DBA; Pentylenetetrazole; Phenobarbital; Phenytoin; Seizures; Valproic Acid | 1984 |
Synergistic anticonvulsant effects of GABA-T inhibitors and glycine.
Topics: 3-Mercaptopropionic Acid; 4-Aminobutyrate Transaminase; Amino Acids; Aminocaproates; Aminooxyacetic Acid; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Bicuculline; Brain Chemistry; Drug Synergism; Ethanolamines; Glycine; Male; Mice; Pentylenetetrazole; Picrotoxin; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Sesterterpenes; Strychnine; Vigabatrin | 1984 |
Convulsant-induced depression of amino acid responses in cultured mouse spinal neurones studied under voltage clamp.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Bicuculline; Cells, Cultured; Convulsants; GABA Antagonists; Glycine; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Neurons; Pentylenetetrazole; Picrotoxin; Spinal Cord; Strychnine | 1983 |
Effect of epileptogenic agents on the incorporation of 3H-glycine into proteins in the cat's cerebral cortex.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Aminopyridines; Animals; Cats; Cerebral Cortex; Convulsants; Cycloheximide; Epilepsy; Glycine; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Penicillin G; Pentylenetetrazole; Tritium | 1982 |
Cardiorespiratory alterations produced by pharmacological agents applied to the ventrolateral medulla (intermediate area) of the cat. Effect of exercise condition on glycine-induced inhibition.
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Cats; Electric Stimulation; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Heart Rate; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Oxygen Consumption; Pentobarbital; Pentylenetetrazole; Respiration; Rest; Time Factors | 1993 |
Diazepam potentiation by glycine in pentylenetetrazol seizures is antagonized by 7-chlorokynurenic acid.
Topics: Animals; Diazepam; Drug Synergism; Glycine; Injections, Intraventricular; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Pentylenetetrazole; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glycine; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Seizures; Strychnine | 1994 |
N-(benzyloxycarbonyl)glycine esters and amides as new anticonvulsants.
Topics: 3-Mercaptopropionic Acid; Amides; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electroshock; Esters; Glycine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Neurotoxins; Pentylenetetrazole; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glycine; Seizures; Spinal Cord; Strychnine | 1998 |
Roles of metabotropic glutamate receptor subtypes in modulation of pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure activity in mice.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Ventricles; Cycloleucine; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glycine; Indans; Infusions, Parenteral; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Pentylenetetrazole; Reaction Time; Resorcinols; Seizures | 1998 |
Pharmacokinetic analysis and anticonvulsant activity of glycine and glycinamide derivatives.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Ataxia; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Convulsants; Cross-Over Studies; Dogs; Electroshock; Glycine; Half-Life; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Mice; Pentylenetetrazole; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1999 |
Effects of ammonia on pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure threshold.
Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycine; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Linear Models; Male; Neurons; Pentylenetetrazole; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seizures | 1999 |
Anticonvulsant profile of valrocemide (TV1901): a new antiepileptic drug.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Behavior, Animal; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electroshock; Epilepsy; Epilepsy, Reflex; Glycine; Hippocampus; Kindling, Neurologic; Male; Mice; Motor Activity; Pentylenetetrazole; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures | 2001 |
Increased seizure susceptibility in mice lacking metabotropic glutamate receptor 7.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Bicuculline; Cerebral Cortex; Convulsants; Drug Resistance; Electroencephalography; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Gene Targeting; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Glycine; Hippocampus; Homozygote; In Vitro Techniques; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Pentylenetetrazole; Phenotype; Physical Chromosome Mapping; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Seizures | 2001 |
N-, alpha-, and beta-Substituted 3-Aminopropionic acids: design, syntheses and antiseizure activities.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Binding Sites; Electroshock; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glycine; Male; Models, Molecular; Pentylenetetrazole; Pilocarpine; Propionates; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Seizures; Structure-Activity Relationship; Toxicity Tests | 2003 |
Group I metabotropic glutamate receptors interfere in different ways with pentylenetetrazole seizures, kindling, and kindling-related learning deficits.
Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Behavior, Animal; Benzoates; Binding Sites; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Epilepsies, Myoclonic; Glycine; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Injections, Intraventricular; Kindling, Neurologic; Learning Disabilities; Male; Pentylenetetrazole; Pyridines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Time Factors | 2004 |
Repeated administration of group I mGluR antagonists prevents seizure-induced long-term aberrations in hippocampal synaptic plasticity.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Benzoates; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glycine; Hippocampus; Long-Term Potentiation; Male; Neuronal Plasticity; Pentylenetetrazole; Pyridines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Seizures; Time Factors | 2005 |
Anticonvulsant activity of hydroalcoholic extracts from Erythrina velutina and Erythrina mulungu.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Erythrina; Glycine; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Male; Mice; Pentobarbital; Pentylenetetrazole; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Plants, Medicinal; Seizures; Sleep; Strychnine | 2007 |
Glycine uptake regulates hippocampal network activity via glycine receptor-mediated tonic inhibition.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Convulsants; Data Interpretation, Statistical; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glycine; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Long-Term Potentiation; Nerve Net; Neurotransmitter Agents; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pentylenetetrazole; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glycine; Sarcosine; Seizures | 2008 |
The effects of group III mGluR ligands on pentylenetetrazol-induced kindling of seizures and hippocampal amino acids concentration.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Convulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; Kindling, Neurologic; Male; Pentylenetetrazole; Rats; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Taurine | 2009 |
Antiepileptic potential of matrine via regulation the levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid and glutamic acid in the brain.
Topics: Alkaloids; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Aspartic Acid; Brain; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Male; Matrines; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Motor Activity; Pentylenetetrazole; Quinolizines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, GABA-B; Seizures; Up-Regulation | 2013 |
Down-regulation of Homer1b/c protects against chemically induced seizures through inhibition of mTOR signaling.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Carrier Proteins; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Glycine; Hippocampus; Homer Scaffolding Proteins; Maze Learning; Mice; PC12 Cells; Pentylenetetrazole; Phenylacetates; Phosphorylation; Picrotoxin; Rats; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases; RNA Interference; Seizures; Signal Transduction; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases | 2015 |
Unraveling the Mechanism of
Topics: Carbon; Chlorobenzoates; Ferrous Compounds; Glycine; Models, Molecular; Nitrogen; Oxidation-Reduction; Pentylenetetrazole; Quantum Theory; Spectrophotometry; Thermodynamics | 2020 |