parishin-c and gastrodin

Topics: Antioxidants; Benzyl Alcohols; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Citrates; Gastrodia; Glucosides; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells; Humans; Medicine, Chinese Traditional; Phytochemicals; Plant Extracts; Surface Properties

Topics: Benzyl Alcohols; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Citrates; Gastrodia; Glucosides; Plant Extracts; Plant Tubers; Quality Control

Topics: Animals; Benzyl Alcohols; Capsules; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Citrates; Dogs; Drug Administration Routes; Gastrodia; Glucosides; Male; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Time Factors

Gastrodin, parishin and parishin C were purified from a water extract of GE (rhizome of Gastrodia elata, an herb medicine for treatment of neuronal disorders). In order to compare the pharmacological effects of gastrodin, parishin and parishin C on improving cognition deficits, we tested them in an animal model of cognition disorders induced by scopolamine and in a study of in vivo long-term potentiation (LTP) recordings. In the Morris water maze task, parishin C (15 and 50 mg·kg(-1), P<0.05) and parishin (150 mg·kg(-1), P<0.05), improved spatial learning and memory significantly. However, gastrodin showed no significant effects at the dose of 150 mg·kg(-1). In vivo LTP recordings showed that parishin C at 5,10 and 20 mg·kg(-1), parishin at 10, 30 and 100 mg·kg(-1) reversed the suppression of LTP by scopolamine in rats in a dose-dependent manner. However, gastrodin at 100 mg·kg(-1) showed only a modest effect. In summary, the action of parishin C in the improvement of dementia induced by scopolamine was more potent than parishin and gastrodin.

Topics: Animals; Benzyl Alcohols; Citrates; Gastrodia; Glucosides; Memory Disorders; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Plants, Medicinal; Rats; Rhizome; Scopolamine; Spatial Learning; Structure-Activity Relationship

Parishin is a dominant active ingredient originating from Gastrodia elata Blume, and has good neuroprotective effects against brain disorders. In the present study, the metabolic profile of parishin by in vitro and in vivo experiments was investigated using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC/Q-TOF MS) combined with an automated MS(E) technique. By comparison with reference compounds, accurate mass measurement, the characteristic fragmentation patterns of the parent drug parishin and gastrodin and relevant bio-transformation knowledge, 14 metabolites (seven hydrolyzates and seven derivatives of gastrodin) were detected and identified in rat plasma and urine after intragastric administration of parishin, including processes of hydrolyzation, oxidation, sulfation and glucuronidation. According to the proposed metabolic pathways of parishin, in vitro hydrolytic experiments and metabolic study of gastrodin in rat plasma, it can be inferred that parishin mainly functions as a prodrug and undergoes hydrolysis before being absorbed into the blood. The hydrolyzate, mainly gastrodin, was involved in further metabolism, which was responsible for pharmacological activities of parishin. In conclusion, this work provides valuable information on parishin metabolism using a rapid and reliable UHPLC/Q-TOF MS method, which could be widely used for the metabolic investigation of natural product.

Topics: Animals; Benzyl Alcohols; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Citrates; Glucosides; Glucuronides; Male; Mass Spectrometry; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sulfates

Gastrodia elata Blume, a traditional Chinese herb, was widely used against convulsant, vertigo, paralysis, epilepsy, tetanus, asthma and immune dysfunctions. Gastrodin is one of the major bioactive components of G. elata and it is known for its anticonvulsive, anti-inflammatory, antiepileptic and neuroprotective effects.. An ultra high performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection (UHPLC-FLD) method was developed to determine gastrodin in rat plasma. Gastrodin and Thiamphenicol (internal standard, IS) were extracted from rat plasma by immediately protein precipitation. The pharmacokinetics of gastrodin in rats by following differently administered types was studies: intragastric administration of gastrodin (100mg/kg), parishin (116 mg/kg, with the same mole of gastrodin moiety) and G. elata extract (2.3g/kg, with the same mole of gastrodin moiety). Non-compartmental pharmacokinetic profiles were constructed using the software of WinNonlin (Phoenix, version 6.3), and the pharmacokinetic parameters were compared using unpaired Student's t-test.. The results showed that the pharmacokinetic parameters, including Cmax, Tmax, AUC0-∞, t1/2, MRT, Vd, CL, were quite different among the three types of gastrodin administration. The administration of parishin and G. elata extract, which either could convert to gastrodin in vivo or contained free gastrodin and abundant gastrodin conjugates, gave rise to higher elimination half-life (t1/2) and mean residence time (MRT) values for gastrodin compared to free gastrodin administered.. The comparison of the pharmacokinetics of gastrodin among three different administered types of gastrodin in rats suggested that administration of parishin or G. elata extract in clinic may result in a longer duration time of action than that of the administration of free gastrodin. The results may provide some guidance for the clinical applications of parishin and G. elata.

Topics: Animals; Benzyl Alcohols; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Citrates; Gastrodia; Glucosides; Infusions, Parenteral; Plant Extracts; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rhizome