ovalbumin and stearylamine

Nanoscale delivery systems have been widely investigated to overcome the penetration barrier of stratum corneum for effective transcutaneous application. The aim of this study is the development of effective vesicular formulations of ovalbumin and saponin which are able to promote penetration through the skin layers. Three kinds of vesicular formulations have been investigated as carriers, including liposomes, transfersomes and ethosomes, in which cholesterol and/or cationic lipid stearylamine are incorporated. The impact of membrane composition variations on the protein entrapment has been evaluated for each vesicle type. Formulations were characterized for particle size, polydispersity and encapsulation efficiency. The best formulations for each type of vesicle were subjected to in vivo transdermal immunization in mice. Among the three kinds of vesicular carrier, ethosomal nano carrier not only showed the best stability over a two months' storage, but also enabled the highest increase in the titer of serum antibody. In this regard, cationic nano-ethosomes can be considered as a promising vesicular carrier for transdermal vaccines. Meanwhile, we have developed a simple method to determine encapsulation efficiency of vesicular systems, which has potential application as a high throughput screening for vesicular formulations.

Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Amines; Animals; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Cholesterol; Drug Carriers; Drug Delivery Systems; Drug Stability; Drug Storage; Female; Lipids; Liposomes; Mice; Nanoparticles; Ovalbumin; Particle Size; Saponins; Skin; Skin Absorption

In this communication we demonstrated the incorporation of water-soluble surface-active protein OVA within an insoluble cationic ODA monolayer and compared with zwitterionic (DPPC) and anionic (SA) monolayer. The incorporation of OVA is found to be more in ODA as compared to that of DPPC and SA. The kinetics of protein adsorption in lipid monolayer gives the idea that unfolding of OVA is less in case of DPPC than SA and ODA. The pi-A isotherm and compressibility study gives the information about the different states of the protein-lipid mixed monolayer. At higher pressure, OVA tend to squeeze out from the lipids monolayer. High-resolution field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) images confirm this observation. The surface morphology of DPPC-OVA LB film is far better than ODA-OVA and SA-OVA LB film. OVA forms large irregular aggregates on SA and ODA monolayer. Fluorescence study reveals that protein structure is perturbed more in SA and ODA system compared to that of DPPC. The overall results indicate that DPPC monolayer is better to get protein lipid mixed film than SA and ODA monolayer.

Topics: 1,2-Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine; Adsorption; Amines; Animals; Cations; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry, Physical; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Ovalbumin; Pressure; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Stearic Acids; Surface Properties