ovalbumin and methyl-palmitate

To determine the effects of methyl palmitate on murine model of chronic asthma.. The experimental study was conducted in the animal laboratory of DokuzEylul University, Turkey, from October to December, 2012, and comprised BALB/c mice whowere divided into four equal groups: three experimental and one control group. All groups except the control group were sensitised and challenged with ovalbumin. Mice with experimentally-induced asthma in Group I received saline; Group II dexamethasone 1mg/kg; Group III methyl palmitate300mg/kg intraperitoneally three times per week in the last four weeks of the study period. Animals were sacrificed 24h after the last administration of study drugs. Histological findings of airways were evaluated by light microscopic examination. Blood samples from vena cava inferior were taken for measurement of interleukin-5 levels. SPSS 15 was used for statistical analysis.. The 28 female mice in the study were divided into 4 groups of 7(25%) each. The age range of the animals was 6-8weeks, and the weight range was 18-20g. All histological parameters and interleukin-5 levels of asthma in the Group III were significantly ameliorated compared to the Group I (p<0.05). All histological parameters and interleukin-5 levels were similar between Group III and Group II.. Methyl palmitate exhibited anti-inflammatory effects by resolving the histological changes and reducing the interleukin-5 levels in murine model of chronic asthma.

Topics: Airway Remodeling; Animals; Asthma; Dexamethasone; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glucocorticoids; Interleukin-5; Lung; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Ovalbumin; Palmitates

Anthopogenically introduced substances and pollutants are suspected to promote sensitization and development of allergic airway diseases, that is, acting as adjuvants. Lipophilicity may serve as an immunological warning signal, promoting adjuvant effects. Whether the lipophilicity of an inhaled compound induces immunomodulatory effects was investigated in a murine inhalation model with the highly lipophilic methyl palmitate (MP) as model substance. First, studies of acute effects following a 1-h exposure of up to 348 mg/m3 MP showed no effects on cell composition in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) or on lung function parameters. Thus, MP did not possess irritant or inflammatory properties, which may be a precursive stimulus for adjuvant effects. Second, mice were exposed to aerosols of MP, 6 or 323 mg/m3, for 1 h followed by a 20-min low-dose ovalbumin (OVA) inhalation. OVA only and OVA + Al(OH)3 served as control groups. Exposures were performed 5 times/wk for 2 wk followed by a weekly exposure for 10 wk. Finally, the mice were challenged with a high-dose OVA aerosol for 3 consecutive days. Neither OVA-specific immunoglobulin (Ig) G1, IgE, or IgG2a production, nor inflammatory cells in BAL, nor respiratory patterns were significantly affected in the MP groups. The OVA + Al(OH)3 group had a significantly higher IgG1 and IgE production, as well as higher eosinophil infiltration in the BAL fluid. These studies showed that effects of adjuvants not are necessarily due to their lipophilicity; that is, additional structural properties are required.

Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Aerosols; Allergens; Animals; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Female; Gastrointestinal Tract; Immunoglobulin E; Immunoglobulin G; Leukocyte Count; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Ovalbumin; Palmitates; Particle Size; Respiration; Respiratory Hypersensitivity; Respiratory System

gamma-Radiolysis (dose-rate: 0 X 89 Gy/s) or electron (e)-radiolysis (dose-rate: 5 X 10(7) Gy/s) of unbuffered aqueous solutions of alpha, alpha-trehalose (concentration: 60 mg/ml, radiation dose: 20 kGy) at 0 degree C yielded glucose (Ggamma = 1 X 7; Ge = 0 X 63) and 5-deoxyxylohexodialdose (Ggamma = 0 X 21; Ge = 0 X 05). Buffering at pH-values of 5 X 0 or 5 X 5 and irradiation caused increased formation of these monomeric products, particularly of the deoxy-compound. On addition of increasing amounts of bovine serum albumin or ovalbumin (10-30 mg/ml) and irradiation the yields of products were markedly reduced. The decrease in glucose formation was less pronounced when sperm whale myoglobin was present during gamma- or electron-irradiation. The G-values of 5-deoxyxylohexodialdose, however, were increased by 45 per cent (gamma-irradiation) and 70 per cent (electron-irradiation) at approximately 10 mg/ml of admixed myoglobin. Further increase in myoglobin concentration led to a gradual decrease in the yields of the deoxy-product. The observed effects are explained by scavenging of water radicals and by interactions of the added substrates with sugar radicals. Emulsified lipids (palmitic acid methylester or trilinoleic glycerol) did not affect the radiation-induced formation of products from trehalose.

Topics: Deoxy Sugars; Disaccharides; Electrons; Food Irradiation; Gamma Rays; Glucose; Lipids; Models, Chemical; Myoglobin; Ovalbumin; Palmitates; Proteins; Serum Albumin, Bovine; Trehalose; Triglycerides