ovalbumin and caldarchaeol

The utility of archaeal polar lipids as an adjuvant/delivery system for elicitation of antigen-specific mucosal immune responses in intranasally administered vaccines was investigated. Although unilamellar archaeosomes (liposomes made from archaeal polar lipids) with encapsulated ovalbumin (OVA/archaeosomes) induced anti-OVA IgG antibody responses in sera, they failed to induce anti-OVA IgA antibody responses at mucosal sites. However, the addition of CaCl2 to convert OVA/archaeosomes into an archaeal lipid mucosal vaccine adjuvant and delivery (AMVAD) vaccine (OVA/AMVAD) consisting of larger, particulate, aggregated structures resulted in an efficacious intranasal (i.n.) vaccine. Intranasal immunization of mice with OVA/AMVAD vaccines prepared from various archaeal polar lipid compositions elicited anti-OVA IgA antibody responses in sera, feces, bile, vaginal and nasal wash samples. The i.n. immunization also induced anti-OVA IgG, IgG1 and IgG2a antibody responses in sera, as well as cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses. The mucosal and systemic immune responses induced by OVA/AMVAD immunization were generally sustained over several months, and were subject to memory boost responses. Thus, polar archaeal lipids appear to be promising for developing a non-replicating mucosal adjuvant and vaccine delivery system.

Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Administration, Intranasal; Animals; Archaea; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Glyceryl Ethers; Halobacterium salinarum; Immunity; Immunity, Mucosal; Immunization; Immunoglobulin A; Immunoglobulin G; Immunologic Memory; Lipids; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Ovalbumin; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic; Thermoplasma; Vaccines