nsc-141537 and butenolide

T 2 toxin (T 2), diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS), fusarenon X (FX) and butenolide (Bd) at concentrations of 0.2, 0.3, 5 and 10 micrograms/site, respectively, were applied individually and in combinations on shaved skin of guinea pigs. Erythema and induration were observed on skin patches treated with the toxins. Increase in the thickness of stratum malpighii was the major histological change observed. Mild to moderate degeneration of fibrocytes and cellular infiltration were found in the corium of skin treated with FX, Bd, DAS and T 2. The order of toxicity of individual toxins was T 2 greater than DAS greater than FX greater than Bd. Combinations of T 2 + FX and T 2 + Bd resulted in antagonism, while DAS + FX and DAS + Bd caused synergism.

Topics: 4-Butyrolactone; Animals; Drug Synergism; Furans; Guinea Pigs; Male; Mycotoxins; Sesquiterpenes; Skin; T-2 Toxin; Trichothecenes

The rate of fermentation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is partially inhibited by different mycotoxins. This effect is remarkable with T2-toxin and diacetoxyscirpenol, slight with aflatoxin-B1, penicillic acid and patulin. On the contrary, the butenolide appears as a stimulator of the alcoholic fermentation.

Topics: 4-Butyrolactone; Aflatoxin B1; Aflatoxins; Fermentation; Furans; Mycotoxins; Penicillic Acid; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; T-2 Toxin; Trichothecenes