noxythiolin and taurolidine

Lung transplant recipients with cystic fibrosis are frequently colonized with antibiotic-resistant bacteria. We evaluated the in vitro activity of 5 disinfectants frequently used in cardiac surgery against strains of Burkholderia cepacia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from patients undergoing sequential single lung transplantation. Our results suggest that the activity of Taurolin and Noxyflex is superior to conventional disinfectants.

Topics: Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Burkholderia cepacia; Chlorhexidine; Cystic Fibrosis; Disinfectants; Humans; Lung Transplantation; Noxythiolin; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Taurine; Thiadiazines; Triclosan

The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of noxythiolin and taurolidine were determined for strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Tests were performed in broth alone and in broth plus 25% v/v serum or 25% v/v urine. Inoculum density was either 10(3), 10(5) or 10(7) colony forming units per mL-1. Slight inoculum-dependent variation in the activity of both agents was observed for some, but not all, strains of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. A more pronounced medium-dependent increase in activity was observed with both drugs, with up to 8-fold reduction of values for MIC when tested in the presence of serum or urine. These observations may help to clarify the disparity between the observed clinical efficacy of these agents and relatively poor in-vitro activity when tested using conventional methods in synthetic media.

Topics: Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Escherichia coli; Noxythiolin; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Staphylococcus aureus; Taurine; Thiadiazines

Topics: Bacterial Adhesion; Bile; Cell Line; Cell Survival; Escherichia coli; Humans; Mouth Mucosa; Noxythiolin; Staphylococcus aureus; Taurine; Thiadiazines; Urothelium

Taurolidine (2% w/v) and noxythiolin (1% w/v and 2.5% w/v) solutions inhibit the adherence in-vitro of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus to human epithelial and fibroblast cells. This effect, demonstrable after 30 min exposure of cells to test drugs, persists after removal of the active compound. Significantly reduced adherence of bacteria is apparent for 5 h after taurolidine treatment and for 6 h after treatment with 2.5% noxythiolin. Anti-adherence activity of taurolidine and noxythiolin may contribute to the observed clinical efficacy of these agents.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bile; Cell Adhesion; Epithelium; Gallstones; Humans; Noxythiolin; Reference Values; Solutions; Taurine; Thiadiazines; Thiazines; Thiourea; Urine

A model of bacterial peritonitis, using mice infected with Escherichia coli, has been used to assess the protective effects of intraperitoneal treatment with antiseptics. Of the five antiseptics tested, only chlorhexidine gluconate had any protective effect, concentrations of 0.05 and 0.02 per cent reducing the mortality to 14 and 50 per cent respectively. The other antiseptics, taurolin, noxytiolin, povidone iodine and hypochlorite were all ineffective. Delayed treatment with chlorhexidine was not as effective as instillation immediately postinfection.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Chlorhexidine; Disease Models, Animal; Escherichia coli Infections; Hypochlorous Acid; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Male; Mice; Noxythiolin; Peritonitis; Povidone-Iodine; Taurine; Thiadiazines; Time Factors

Topics: Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Bacteria; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Noxythiolin; Taurine; Thiadiazines; Thiazines; Thiourea