nitrogen-dioxide and glucuronyl-glucosamine-glycan-sulfate

In the model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), produced in rats by 60-day exposure to nitrogen dioxide, the effect of drugs with endotelioprotector properties (sulodexide and rosuvastatin) on the functional state of small pulmonary arteries and bronchi was studied. We evaluated the contractile activity of smooth muscle strips of the bronchi caused by stimulation of the nerves or muscles, and changes in tone of isolated pulmonary artery rings at the application of reagents-vasodilators. The use of sulodexide promoted restoration NO-dependent mechanism of vasodilatation and improved β-adrenergic regulation of the pulmonary artery tone. The use of rosuvastatin had no effect on the dilator activity of pulmonary arteries. Both drugs improved the functional status of the bronchial smooth muscles and intrabronchial nervous system that controls the contractile activity of smooth muscle structures of the airways. The results of the study suggest that the one-way relaxing effect of sulodexide on pulmonary arterial and bronchial smooth muscles enables the recovery of coordinated regulation of the tone of these structures, which is essential for maintaining the optimal ratio of ventilation and pulmonary blood flow for efficient gas exchange.

Topics: Animals; Bronchi; Disease Models, Animal; Endothelium, Vascular; Fluorobenzenes; Glycosaminoglycans; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Nitrogen Dioxide; Protective Agents; Pulmonary Artery; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Pyrimidines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Rosuvastatin Calcium; Sulfonamides; Vasodilation

Development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) involves not only the bronchial and respiratory areas of the lungs, but also the system of pulmonary circulation, which begins with the defeat of capillary blood flow. One of radiological methods of studying lung microcirculatory functions is perfusion scintigraphy. We designed the technique of radiological examination and identified its abilities in determination of the role of vascular dysfunctions in experimental model of development of COPD. We assessed the results of pharmacological agents that affect the microcirculatory bed of the lungs and smooth muscles of pulmonary arteries in rats. Studies have shown the promise of the possibility of using the drug sulodexide for studying impaired endothelial function in clinical practice.

Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Glycosaminoglycans; Lung; Male; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle, Smooth; Nitrogen Dioxide; Organ Culture Techniques; Pulmonary Artery; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Radiopharmaceuticals; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Technetium Tc 99m Aggregated Albumin