naltrexone has been researched along with nalorphine in 53 studies
Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
---|---|---|
pre-1990 | 32 (60.38) | 18.7374 |
1990's | 12 (22.64) | 18.2507 |
2000's | 7 (13.21) | 29.6817 |
2010's | 2 (3.77) | 24.3611 |
2020's | 0 (0.00) | 2.80 |
Authors | Studies |
---|---|
Berkowitz, DS; Loew, GH | 1 |
Portoghese, PS; Takemori, AE | 1 |
Bousquet, AR; Howes, JF; Kotick, MP; Polazzi, JO | 1 |
Archer, S; Gillan, MG; Kosterlitz, HW; Osei-Gyimah, P | 1 |
Bousquet, AR; Howes, JF; Kotick, MP; Leland, DL; Polazzi, JO | 1 |
Adapa, ID; Auh, JS; Berzetei-Gurske, IP; Brandt, SR; Craymer, K; Farrington, L; Haggart, D; Kennedy, JM; O'Brien, A; Polgar, WE; Rodriguez, L; Schwartz, RW; Toll, L; White, A | 1 |
Strassburg, CP; Tukey, RH | 1 |
Carrupt, PA; Crivori, P; Cruciani, G; Testa, B | 1 |
Chang, TK; Ensom, MH; Kiang, TK | 1 |
Aceto, MD; Coop, A; Harris, LS; May, EL; Metcalf, MD; Traynor, JR; Woods, JH | 1 |
Bidlack, JM; Bu, Y; Cohen, DJ; Lou, R; Lu, Q; VanAlstine, MA; Wentland, MP | 1 |
Barnes, JC; Bradley, P; Day, NC; Fourches, D; Reed, JZ; Tropsha, A | 1 |
Bell, J; Gilbert, P; Martin, W; Sloan, J; Thompson, J | 1 |
Wikler, A | 1 |
Fennessy, MR; Laska, FJ | 1 |
Bell, JA; Martin, WR | 1 |
Bläsig, J; Herz, A; Höllt, V; Paschelke, G | 1 |
Eades, CG; Gilbert, PE; Huppler, RE; Martin, WR; Thompson, JA | 1 |
Berzetei-Gurske, IP; Toll, L | 1 |
Riley, AL; Smurthwaite, ST | 2 |
Stewart, J; Wise, RA | 1 |
Geter, B; Kautz, MA; Riley, AL; Smurthwaite, ST | 1 |
Dykstra, LA | 1 |
Chaumont, AJ; Kintz, P; Lugnier, AA; Mangin, P | 1 |
Mucha, RF | 1 |
Holtzman, SG | 1 |
Cho, TM; Nozaki, M | 1 |
Mantegazza, P; Panerai, AE; Sacerdote, P | 1 |
James, DW; LoPresti, D; Ward, SJ | 1 |
Hynes, MD; Leander, JD; Reel, JK; Zimmerman, DM | 1 |
France, CP; Woods, JH | 1 |
Borrell, J; Fuentes, JA; Naranjo, JR; Urdín, MC | 1 |
Harris, LS; May, EL | 1 |
Ferreira, SH; Follenfant, RL; Smith, TW | 1 |
Portoghese, PS; Takemori, AE; Ward, SJ | 1 |
Hameroff, SR | 1 |
Stephens, KR; Young, AM | 1 |
Takemori, AE; Ward, SJ | 1 |
Grevel, J; Sadée, W | 1 |
Sonka, K | 1 |
Franklin, SR; Tang, AH | 1 |
Burks, TF; Schreier, WA | 1 |
Coale, EH; Hein, DW; Herling, S; Valentino, RJ; Woods, JH | 1 |
Bianchi, G; Fiocchi, R; Manara, L; Tavani, A | 1 |
Walker, EA; Young, AM | 1 |
Bishop, WP; Coffman, BL; Green, MD; King, CD; Owens, IS; Rios, GR; Tephly, TR | 1 |
Manfredi, B; Mantegazza, P; Panerai, AE; Sacerdote, P | 1 |
Morgan, D; Picker, MJ | 1 |
Holtzman, SG; Powell, KR | 1 |
Sutherland, J; Walker, EA; Young, AM; Zhang, L | 1 |
Holtzman, SG; White, DA | 1 |
Alho, H; Ariniemi, K; Heinälä, P; Lahti, T; Lillsunde, P; Sinclair, D | 1 |
4 review(s) available for naltrexone and nalorphine
Article | Year |
---|---|
Human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases: metabolism, expression, and disease.
Topics: Autoimmunity; Chromosome Mapping; Glucuronides; Glucuronosyltransferase; Humans; Hyperbilirubinemia; Neoplasms; Steroids; Terminology as Topic | 2000 |
UDP-glucuronosyltransferases and clinical drug-drug interactions.
Topics: Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Interactions; Enzyme Activation; Enzyme Induction; Glucuronides; Glucuronosyltransferase; Humans; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pharmacogenetics; Polymorphism, Genetic | 2005 |
Drug discrimination studies.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Columbidae; Discrimination, Psychological; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Fentanyl; Generalization, Stimulus; Macaca mulatta; Morphine; Nalorphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Pentazocine; Phenazocine; Phencyclidine; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1985 |
Opiate receptor pharmacology: mixed agonist/antagonist narcotics.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Buprenorphine; Butorphanol; Endorphins; Humans; Nalbuphine; Nalorphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Pentazocine; Receptors, Opioid | 1983 |
49 other study(ies) available for naltrexone and nalorphine
Article | Year |
---|---|
Quantum chemical studies of N-substituent variation in the oxymorphone series of opiate narcotics.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Hydromorphone; In Vitro Techniques; Mice; Molecular Conformation; Oxymorphone; Quantum Theory; Rats; Structure-Activity Relationship; Swine; Thermodynamics | 1978 |
Different receptor sites mediate opioid agonism and antagonism.
Topics: Animals; Binding Sites; Kinetics; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Receptors, Opioid; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1983 |
Analgesic narcotic antagonists. 9. 6-Methylene-8 beta-alkyl-N-(cycloalkylmethyl)-3-hydroxy- or -methoxymorphinans.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Haplorhini; Humans; Mice; Morphinans; Morphine Dependence; Narcotic Antagonists; Rats; Reaction Time; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1981 |
Some 14 beta-substituted analogues of N-(cyclopropylmethyl)normorphine.
Topics: Animals; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Muscle, Smooth; Vas Deferens | 1981 |
Analgesic narcotic antagonists. 8. 7 alpha-Alkyl-4,5 alpha-epoxymorphinan-6-ones.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Codeine; Hydrocodone; In Vitro Techniques; Mice; Narcotic Antagonists; Rats; Reaction Time | 1981 |
Standard binding and functional assays related to medications development division testing for potential cocaine and opiate narcotic treatment medications.
Topics: Animals; Aorta, Thoracic; Cocaine; Cyclic AMP; Electric Stimulation; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Muscle, Smooth; Opioid-Related Disorders; Rats; Receptors, Dopamine; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Serotonin; Substance-Related Disorders | 1998 |
Predicting blood-brain barrier permeation from three-dimensional molecular structure.
Topics: Blood-Brain Barrier; Databases, Factual; Models, Chemical; Molecular Conformation; Multivariate Analysis; Permeability; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pharmacokinetics; Structure-Activity Relationship | 2000 |
The influence of esters and carboxylic acids as the N-substituent of opioids. Part 1: Benzomorphans.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Benzomorphans; Carboxylic Acids; Esters; Molecular Structure; Stereoisomerism; Structure-Activity Relationship | 2008 |
Syntheses and opioid receptor binding properties of carboxamido-substituted opioids.
Topics: Amides; Analgesics, Opioid; Humans; Protein Binding; Receptors, Opioid; Structure-Activity Relationship; Tramadol | 2009 |
Cheminformatics analysis of assertions mined from literature that describe drug-induced liver injury in different species.
Topics: Animals; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Cluster Analysis; Databases, Factual; Humans; MEDLINE; Mice; Models, Chemical; Molecular Conformation; Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship | 2010 |
The effects of naltrexone in the chronic spinal dog and acute spinal cat; possible interaction with naturally-occurring morphine-like agonists.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Cats; Cyclazocine; Dogs; Drug Interactions; Morphine Derivatives; Nalorphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Receptors, Opioid; Spinal Cord | 1976 |
Methadone maintenance and narcotic blocking drugs.
Topics: Aftercare; Cyclazocine; Extinction, Psychological; Heroin Dependence; Hospitalization; Humans; Levallorphan; Methadone; Nalorphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Psychotherapy; Receptors, Opioid | 1977 |
Acute effects of opiate agonists, partial agonists and antagonists on brain monoamines in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Biogenic Amines; Brain Chemistry; Cyclazocine; Dextrorphan; Female; Levallorphan; Morphine; Nalorphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Pentazocine; Rats | 1979 |
The effect of the narcotic antagonists naloxone, naltrexone and nalorphine on spinal cord C-fiber reflexes evoked by electrical stimulation or radiant heat.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Cats; Decerebrate State; Electric Stimulation; Hot Temperature; Nalorphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Reflex; Spinal Cord; Time Factors | 1977 |
Comparison of withdrawal precipitating properties of various morphine antagonists and partial agonists in relation to their stereospecific binding to brain homogenates.
Topics: Benzomorphans; Binding Sites; Brain; Humans; Levallorphan; Morphine Dependence; Nalorphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Pentazocine; Receptors, Drug; Sodium; Stereoisomerism; Subcellular Fractions; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1976 |
The effects of morphine- and nalorphine- like drugs in the nondependent and morphine-dependent chronic spinal dog.
Topics: Animals; Apomorphine; Cyclazocine; Cyclopropanes; Dextropropoxyphene; Dogs; Ethylketocyclazocine; Humans; Morphinans; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Nalorphine; Naltrexone; Phenazocine; Spinal Cord | 1976 |
The mu-opioid activity of kappa-opioid receptor agonist compounds in the guinea pig ileum.
Topics: Animals; Ethylketocyclazocine; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Nalorphine; Naltrexone; Phenazocine; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1992 |
Diprenorphine as a stimulus in drug discrimination learning.
Topics: Animals; Chlorides; Conditioning, Psychological; Diprenorphine; Discrimination Learning; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Generalization, Psychological; Lithium; Lithium Chloride; Morphine; Nalorphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Pentobarbital; Rats | 1992 |
Reinstatement of heroin self-administration habits: morphine prompts and naltrexone discourages renewed responding after extinction.
Topics: Animals; Conditioning, Operant; Extinction, Psychological; Heroin Dependence; Injections, Intravenous; Morphine; Nalorphine; Naltrexone; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Self Administration | 1992 |
Naloxone as a stimulus in drug discrimination learning: generalization to other opiate antagonists.
Topics: Animals; Cues; Diprenorphine; Discrimination Learning; Female; Generalization, Psychological; Nalorphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Rats; Saccharin | 1992 |
Butorphanol, levallorphan, nalbuphine and nalorphine as antagonists in the squirrel monkey.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Butorphanol; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Levallorphan; Male; Methadone; Morphinans; Nalbuphine; Nalorphine; Naltrexone; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Saimiri | 1990 |
Simultaneous identification and quantification of several opiates and derivatives by capillary gas chromatography and nitrogen selective detection.
Topics: Chromatography, Gas; Humans; Nalorphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotics; Opioid-Related Disorders | 1989 |
Taste aversion involving central opioid antagonism is potentiated in morphine-dependent rats.
Topics: Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Infusions, Parenteral; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Morphine Dependence; Nalorphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Taste | 1989 |
Effects of 5,5'-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) on opiate binding to both the membrane-bound receptor and the partially purified opiate receptor.
Topics: Animals; Butorphanol; Cell Membrane; Dihydromorphine; Diprenorphine; Dithionitrobenzoic Acid; Dithiothreitol; Etorphine; Morphine; Nalorphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Nitrobenzoates; Oxymorphone; Rats; Receptors, Opioid | 1985 |
Analgesic effects of mu antagonists after naloxone non-reversible stress-induced analgesia.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Diprenorphine; Electroshock; Male; Nalorphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Pain; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Stress, Physiological | 1985 |
Activity of mu- and delta-selective opioid agonists in the guinea pig ileum preparation: differentiation into peptide and nonpeptide classes with beta-funaltrexamine.
Topics: Animals; Endorphins; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Nalorphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotics; Peptides; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1986 |
Use of beta-funaltrexamine to determine mu opioid receptor involvement in the analgesic activity of various opioid ligands.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesia; Animals; Biological Assay; Buprenorphine; Butorphanol; Cyclazocine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethylketocyclazocine; Etorphine; Fentanyl; Methadone; Mice; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Nalbuphine; Nalorphine; Naltrexone; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1987 |
Acute supersensitivity to the discriminative stimulus effects of naltrexone in pigeons.
Topics: Animals; Binding Sites; Columbidae; Diprenorphine; Discrimination Learning; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Generalization, Stimulus; Morphine; Nalorphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Opioid-Related Disorders | 1988 |
Evidence for a central but not adrenal, opioid mediation in hypertension induced by brief isolation in the rat.
Topics: Adrenalectomy; Animals; Blood Pressure; Corticosterone; Endorphins; Gastrointestinal Motility; Male; Morphine; Nalorphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Social Isolation; Stress, Physiological | 1986 |
Historical introduction and review of chemistry.
Topics: Analgesics; Chemistry; History, 20th Century; Nalorphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Phenazocine | 1985 |
Antinociceptive models displaying peripheral opioid activity.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Carrageenan; Codeine; Dextropropoxyphene; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Epoprostenol; Female; Indomethacin; Mice; Morphine; Movement; Nalorphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists | 1985 |
Pharmacological characterization in vivo of the novel opiate, beta-funaltrexamine.
Topics: Acetates; Acetic Acid; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Drug Interactions; Female; Male; Mice; Morphine; Nalorphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotics; Pain; Reaction Time | 1982 |
Antagonism of the discriminative effects of ethylketazocine, cyclazocine, and nalorphine in macaques.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Cyclazocine; Discrimination, Psychological; Ethylketocyclazocine; Macaca mulatta; Macaca nemestrina; Male; Nalorphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists | 1984 |
Relative involvement of receptor subtypes in opioid-induced inhibition of gastrointestinal transit in mice.
Topics: Animals; Charcoal; Cyclazocine; Drug Interactions; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Female; Gastrointestinal Motility; Male; Mice; Morphine; Nalorphine; Naltrexone; Receptors, Opioid | 1983 |
An opiate binding site in the rat brain is highly selective for 4,5-epoxymorphinans.
Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Dihydromorphine; Diprenorphine; Morphine; Nalorphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Sodium; Tissue Distribution | 1983 |
[Opiate antagonists].
Topics: Endorphins; Humans; Nalorphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone | 1984 |
Acquisition of brightness discrimination in the rat is impaired by opiates with psychotomimetic properties.
Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Cyclazocine; Discrimination Learning; Male; Morphine; Nalorphine; Naltrexone; Narcotics; Pentazocine; Phenazocine; Photic Stimulation; Psychotropic Drugs; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344 | 1983 |
Central regulation of intestinal function: morphine withdrawal diarrhea.
Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Diarrhea; Female; Humans; Intestines; Morphine Dependence; Nalorphine; Naltrexone; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1982 |
Narcotic discrimination in pigeons.
Topics: Animals; Clonidine; Codeine; Columbidae; Cyclazocine; Discrimination Learning; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethylketocyclazocine; Ketamine; Meperidine; Morphine; Nalorphine; Naltrexone; Narcotics; Pentazocine; Pentobarbital; Species Specificity | 1980 |
Quaternary narcotic antagonists' relative ability to prevent antinociception and gastrointestinal transit inhibition in morphine-treated rats as an index of peripheral selectivity.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Gastrointestinal Motility; Male; Morphine; Nalorphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Pain; Rats; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1982 |
Nalorphine as a stimulus in drug discrimination learning: assessment of the role of mu- and kappa-receptor subtypes.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Diprenorphine; Discrimination Learning; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Generalization, Stimulus; Nalorphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1994 |
Discriminative-stimulus effects of the low efficacy mu agonist nalbuphine.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Discrimination, Psychological; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethylketocyclazocine; Male; Nalbuphine; Nalorphine; Naltrexone; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Self Administration | 1993 |
The glucuronidation of exogenous and endogenous compounds by stably expressed rat and human UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1.1.
Topics: Animals; Bilirubin; Buprenorphine; Cell Line; Crigler-Najjar Syndrome; Glucuronates; Glucuronosyltransferase; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Liver; Molecular Structure; Nalorphine; Naltrexone; Narcotics; Rats; Recombinant Proteins; Species Specificity; Substrate Specificity; Transfection; Xenobiotics | 1996 |
Antinociceptive and immunosuppressive effects of opiate drugs: a structure-related activity study.
Topics: Animals; Cell Division; Codeine; Hydromorphone; Immune System; Immunosuppression Therapy; Interleukin-2; Male; Mice; Morphine; Nalorphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotics; Oxycodone; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1997 |
The mu opioid irreversible antagonist beta-funaltrexamine differentiates the discriminative stimulus effects of opioids with high and low efficacy at the mu opioid receptor.
Topics: Animals; Buprenorphine; Butorphanol; Columbidae; Discrimination Learning; Female; Fentanyl; Levallorphan; Methadone; Morphine; Nalbuphine; Nalorphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1998 |
Differential antagonism of the rate-decreasing effects of kappa-opioid receptor agonists by naltrexone and norbinaltorphimine.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Benzeneacetamides; Benzofurans; Benzomorphans; Conditioning, Operant; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethylketocyclazocine; Nalorphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Pyrroles; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Reinforcement Schedule; Saimiri; Thiophenes | 1999 |
Discriminative stimulus effects of two doses of fentanyl in rats: pharmacological selectivity and effect of training dose on agonist and antagonist effects of mu opioids.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Conditioning, Operant; Dextroamphetamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Fentanyl; Male; Methadone; Morphine; Nalbuphine; Nalorphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 2000 |
Discriminative stimulus effects of acute morphine followed by naltrexone in the squirrel monkey: a further characterization.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Buprenorphine; Diprenorphine; Discrimination, Psychological; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drinking; Drug Interactions; Generalization, Stimulus; Male; Meperidine; Mice; Morphine; Nalbuphine; Nalorphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Saimiri; Water Deprivation | 2005 |
Analysis of naltrexone and its metabolite 6-beta-naltrexol in serum with high-performance liquid chromatography.
Topics: Acetates; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Alcoholism; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Female; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Liquid-Liquid Extraction; Male; Middle Aged; Nalorphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Perchlorates; Reference Standards; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity | 2012 |