nad has been researched along with valinomycin in 47 studies
Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
---|---|---|
pre-1990 | 38 (80.85) | 18.7374 |
1990's | 5 (10.64) | 18.2507 |
2000's | 2 (4.26) | 29.6817 |
2010's | 2 (4.26) | 24.3611 |
2020's | 0 (0.00) | 2.80 |
Authors | Studies |
---|---|
Bashford, CL; Casey, RP; Radda, GK; Ritchie, GA | 1 |
Guerin, B; Rigoulet, M; Velours, J | 1 |
Bragg, PD; Singh, AP | 1 |
Bhattacharyya, P | 1 |
Lardy, HA; Reed, PW | 1 |
Hinkle, PC; Thayer, WS | 1 |
Kaback, HR; Schuldiner, S | 1 |
Cobley, JG | 2 |
Cederbaum, AI | 1 |
Harris, EJ | 1 |
Chance, B; Smith, JC | 1 |
Berry, MN; Gregory, RB; Grivell, AR; Phillips, JW; Wallace, PG | 1 |
Atlante, A; Barile, M; Doonan, S; Marra, E; Passarella, S; Quagliariello, E | 1 |
Fillingame, RH; Hermolin, J; Mosher, ME; White, LK | 1 |
Rose, RC; Schuette, S | 1 |
Dadgar, J; Ramsay, RR; Singer, TP; Trevor, A | 1 |
Beavis, AD | 1 |
Iasaĭtiene, DK; Skulachev, VP | 1 |
Hunter, DR | 1 |
Bohnensack, R; Kunz, W | 1 |
Cereijo-Santaló, R | 1 |
Barnes, EM; Kaback, HR | 1 |
Chávez, E; De Gómez-Puyou, MT; Gómez-Puyou, A; Peña, A; Sandoval, F | 1 |
Asano, A; Brodie, AF; Hirata, H | 1 |
Lee, C | 1 |
Barrett-Bee, K; Radda, GK | 1 |
Chance, B; Scarpa, A; Vinogradov, A | 1 |
Scott, MD; Sykes, BD | 1 |
Downie, JA; Garland, PB | 1 |
Barsky, EL; Samuilov, VD | 1 |
Kaback, HR; Lombardi, FJ; Reeves, JP; Short, SA | 1 |
Boguslavskiĭ, LI; Iaguzhinskiĭ, LS; Ismailov, AD | 1 |
Brand, MD; Chappell, JB | 1 |
Tokuda, H | 1 |
Moreland, DE; Soileau, SD | 1 |
Bremer, W; Hellingwerf, KJ; Konings, WN; Kooistra, J | 1 |
Galante, YM; Hatefi, Y; Phelps, DC; Vik, SB; Wong, SY; Yagi, T | 1 |
Kunz, W; Markefski, M; Zinchenko, VP | 1 |
Azzone, GF; Di Virgilio, F; Pozzan, M | 1 |
Bernardi, P; Chernyak, BV | 1 |
Guérin, M; Manon, S; Roucou, X | 1 |
Brown, S; de Kouchkovsky, Y; Maarouf, M; Petit, PX; Robert-Gero, M | 1 |
Lemeshko, VV | 1 |
Duchen, MR; Kouri, K; Lemmens-Gruber, R | 1 |
Abbrescia, DI; La Pesa, V; La Piana, G; Lofrumento, DD; Lofrumento, NE; Marzulli, D; Palmitessa, V | 1 |
Abbrescia, DI; La Piana, G; Lofrumento, DD; Lofrumento, NE; Palmitessa, V | 1 |
3 review(s) available for nad and valinomycin
Article | Year |
---|---|
[Oxidative phosphorylation and membrane potential].
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphatases; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Biological Transport; Cell Membrane Permeability; Electron Transport; Fluorescence; Membrane Potentials; Membranes, Artificial; Mitochondria; Mitochondrial Swelling; NAD; NADP; Oxidative Phosphorylation; Phospholipids; Uncoupling Agents; Valinomycin | 1971 |
Nuclear magnetic resonance studies of the dynamic aspects of molecular structure and interaction in biological systems.
Topics: Aspartate Carbamoyltransferase; Aspirin; Chymotrypsin; Histidine; Ligands; Macromolecular Substances; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Muramidase; NAD; Penicillin G; Peptides; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Protein Denaturation; Ribonucleases; Serum Albumin; Staphylococcus; Sulfonamides; Tryptophan; Valinomycin | 1972 |
Evaluation of the chemiosmotic interpretation of active transport in bacterial membrane vesicles.
Topics: Benzenesulfonates; Biological Transport, Active; Carbon Radioisotopes; Cell Membrane; Cytochromes; Dinitrophenols; Escherichia coli; Kinetics; Lactose; Lysine; Mercury; NAD; Organoids; Organometallic Compounds; Oxygen Consumption; Potassium; Proline; Rubidium; Serine; Succinates; Tyrosine; Valinomycin | 1974 |
44 other study(ies) available for nad and valinomycin
Article | Year |
---|---|
Energy-coupling in adrenal chromaffin granules.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphatases; Adenosine Triphosphate; Adrenal Medulla; Anilino Naphthalenesulfonates; Animals; Antimycin A; Biological Transport, Active; Catecholamines; Cattle; Cyanides; Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide; Energy Metabolism; Fluorescence; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Membranes; NAD; NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; Oligomycins; Salicylamides; Uncoupling Agents; Valinomycin | 1976 |
Protection of yeast mitochondrial structure by phosphate and other H+-donating anions.
Topics: Anions; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Mitochondria; Mitochondrial Swelling; NAD; Oligomycins; Oxygen Consumption; Phosphates; Potassium Chloride; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Valinomycin | 1977 |
The action of tributyltin chloride on energy-dependent transhydrogenation of NADP+ by NADH in membranes of Escherichia coli.
Topics: Cell Membrane; Escherichia coli; NAD; NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; NADP; NADP Transhydrogenases; Nigericin; Sulfhydryl Reagents; Valinomycin | 1979 |
Active transport of manganese in isolated membrane vesicles of Bacillus subtilis.
Topics: Anaerobiosis; Arsenates; Ascorbic Acid; Bacillus subtilis; Biological Transport, Active; Cations, Divalent; Cell Membrane; Chlorides; Cyanides; Electron Transport; Fluorides; Gramicidin; Hydroxymercuribenzoates; Kinetics; Manganese; Methylphenazonium Methosulfate; NAD; Potassium; Sodium; Valinomycin | 1975 |
Uncoupling and specific inhibition of phosphoryl transfer reactions in mitochondria by antibiotic A20668.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Dinitrophenols; Kinetics; Magnesium; Mitochondria, Liver; NAD; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Phosphorylation; Peptides; Rats; Rutamycin; Succinates; Valinomycin | 1975 |
Kinetics of adenosine triphosphate synthesis in bovine heart submitochondrial particles.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Carbonyl Cyanide m-Chlorophenyl Hydrazone; Cattle; Computers; Electron Transport; Kinetics; Methylphenazonium Methosulfate; Mitochondria, Muscle; Myocardium; NAD; Oxidative Phosphorylation; Phosphates; Phosphorus Radioisotopes; Protons; Succinates; Valinomycin | 1975 |
Membrane potential and active transport in membrane vesicles from Escherichia coli.
Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Biological Transport, Active; Cell Membrane; Escherichia coli; Lactates; Lactose; Membrane Potentials; NAD; Onium Compounds; Potassium; Proline; Rubidium; Sodium; Trityl Compounds; Valinomycin | 1975 |
Energy-conserving reactions in phosphorylating electron-transport particles from Nitrobacter winogradskyi. Activation of nitrite oxidation by the electrical component of the protonmotive force.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Ammonium Chloride; Carbonyl Cyanide m-Chlorophenyl Hydrazone; Cyclohexylamines; Electron Transport; Kinetics; NAD; Nitriles; Nitrites; Nitrobacter; Oligomycins; Oxidative Phosphorylation; Protons; Tetraphenylborate; Uncoupling Agents; Valinomycin | 1976 |
Reduction of cytochromes by nitrite in electron-transport particles from Nitrobacter winogradskyi: proposal of a mechanism for H+ translocation.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Ammonium Chloride; Borohydrides; Carbonyl Cyanide m-Chlorophenyl Hydrazone; Cyclohexylamines; Cytochrome c Group; Cytochromes; Electron Transport; Models, Biological; NAD; Nitriles; Nitrites; Nitrobacter; Oligomycins; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Phosphorylation; Phosphorus; Uncoupling Agents; Valinomycin | 1976 |
The effect of calcium on the oxidation of acetaldehyde by rat liver mitochondria.
Topics: Acetaldehyde; Animals; Calcium; Cations, Divalent; Dinitrophenols; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Mitochondria, Liver; NAD; Rats; Ruthenium Red; Valinomycin | 1978 |
The uptake and release of calcium by heart mitochondria.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Magnesium; Mitochondria, Heart; NAD; Palmitoyl Coenzyme A; Potassium; Rats; Temperature; Valinomycin | 1977 |
Kinetics of the potential-sensitive extrinsic probe oxonol VI in beef heart submitochondrial particles.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Calibration; Cattle; Cell Membrane Permeability; Fluorescent Dyes; Intracellular Membranes; Isoxazoles; Kinetics; Mitochondria, Heart; NAD; Oxazoles; Oxygen; Spectrum Analysis; Valinomycin | 1979 |
Operation and energy dependence of the reducing-equivalent shuttles during lactate metabolism by isolated hepatocytes.
Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cytoplasm; Energy Metabolism; Gluconeogenesis; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Liver; Malates; Male; Mitochondria, Liver; NAD; Oxidation-Reduction; Palmitates; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Valinomycin | 1992 |
Uptake of aspartate aminotransferase into mitochondria in vitro causes efflux of malate dehydrogenase and vice versa.
Topics: Animals; Antimycin A; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Carbonyl Cyanide p-Trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone; Catalysis; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Immunosorbent Techniques; Intracellular Membranes; Kinetics; Malate Dehydrogenase; Mercaptoethanol; Mitochondria, Liver; Molecular Weight; NAD; Nigericin; Phenanthrolines; Rats; Valinomycin | 1990 |
H+-ATPase of Escherichia coli. An uncE mutation impairing coupling between F1 and Fo but not Fo-mediated H+ translocation.
Topics: Alleles; Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide; Escherichia coli; Fluorescence; Membranes; Mutation; NAD; Potassium; Proton-Translocating ATPases; Succinates; Succinic Acid; Valinomycin | 1985 |
Renal transport and metabolism of nicotinic acid.
Topics: Animals; Biological Transport, Active; Carbonyl Cyanide p-Trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone; Cell Membrane; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kidney Cortex; Kidney Tubules; Membrane Potentials; Microvilli; NAD; Niacin; Potassium; Protons; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Sodium; Valinomycin | 1986 |
Energy-driven uptake of N-methyl-4-phenylpyridine by brain mitochondria mediates the neurotoxicity of MPTP.
Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium; Animals; Brain; Energy Metabolism; Male; Mitochondria; NAD; Oxygen Consumption; Potassium; Pyridines; Pyridinium Compounds; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Temperature; Valinomycin | 1986 |
Upper and lower limits of the charge translocation stoichiometry of mitochondrial electron transport.
Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Animals; Electron Transport; Hydroxybutyrates; Kinetics; Malonates; Mathematics; Mitochondria, Liver; NAD; Oxygen Consumption; Potassium; Rats; Valinomycin | 1987 |
Effect of cyanide on respiratory control of electron transporting particles.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cyanides; Electron Transport; Hydrazones; Mitochondria; NAD; NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; Nitriles; Organoids; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Phosphorylation; Oxygen Consumption; Phenylhydrazines; Potassium; Uncoupling Agents; Valinomycin | 1974 |
[Investigation of the penetration of oxaloacetate into rat liver mitochondria].
Topics: Adenine Nucleotides; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Benzimidazoles; Calcium; Cattle; Fluorometry; In Vitro Techniques; Magnesium; Mitochondria, Liver; NAD; Oxaloacetates; Oxidation-Reduction; Potassium; Potassium Chloride; Rats; Serum Albumin, Bovine; Stimulation, Chemical; Valinomycin | 1971 |
The enthalpy change of the hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate by rat liver mitochondria.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Adenosine Monophosphate; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Calorimetry; Chlorides; Dinitrophenols; Hydrochloric Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hydrolysis; Ions; Lithium; Methods; Mitochondria, Liver; NAD; Osmolar Concentration; Phosphates; Potassium Chloride; Rats; Rotenone; Sodium Hydroxide; Stimulation, Chemical; Temperature; Thermodynamics; Time Factors; Tromethamine; Valinomycin | 1971 |
Mechanisms of active transport in isolated membrane vesicles. I. The site of energy coupling between D-lactic dehydrogenase and beta-galactoside transport in Escherichia coli membrane vesicles.
Topics: Amides; Amobarbital; Antimycin A; Azides; Biological Transport, Active; Carbon Isotopes; Cell Membrane; Cyanides; Cyclic N-Oxides; Cytochromes; Dinitrophenols; Electron Transport; Escherichia coli; Flavoproteins; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Lactates; Lactose; NAD; Oxalates; Oxidoreductases; Oxygen Consumption; Spectrophotometry; Stereoisomerism; Succinate Dehydrogenase; Succinates; Sulfhydryl Reagents; Uncoupling Agents; Valinomycin | 1971 |
Coupling of oxidative phosphorylation by monovalent cations.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Animals; Cesium; Dinitrophenols; Glutamates; Lithium; Mitochondria, Liver; Mitochondrial Swelling; NAD; Oxidative Phosphorylation; Oxygen Consumption; Polarography; Potassium; Potassium Chloride; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Rats; Rubidium; Spectrophotometry; Succinates; Sucrose; Valinomycin | 1972 |
Respiration dependent transport of proline by electron transport particles from mycobacterium phlei.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Alcohol Oxidoreductases; Anaerobiosis; Aniline Compounds; Arsenic; Ascorbic Acid; Azides; Bacterial Proteins; Biological Transport, Active; Carbon Isotopes; Chloramphenicol; Cyanides; Electron Transport; Ethanol; Fumarates; Glucose; Inulin; Lactates; Mycobacterium; NAD; Organoids; Oxidative Phosphorylation; Oxygen Consumption; Proline; Radiation Effects; Semicarbazides; Succinates; Tritium; Ultraviolet Rays; Uncoupling Agents; Valinomycin | 1971 |
A fluorescent probe of the hydrogen ion concentration in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid particles of beef heart mitochondria.
Topics: Amines; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Ascorbic Acid; Cattle; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Edetic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Membranes; Mitochondria, Muscle; Myocardium; NAD; Nitrates; Oxygen Consumption; Perchlorates; Potassium; Quinacrine; Sodium; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Succinates; Thiocyanates; Valinomycin | 1971 |
On the nature of the energy-linked guantum yield change in anilino-naphthalene sulphonate fluorescence in submitochondrial particles.
Topics: Anaerobiosis; Aniline Compounds; Binding Sites; Cyanides; Energy Transfer; Fluorescence; Hydrazones; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Mitochondria; NAD; Naphthalenes; Sulfonic Acids; Uncoupling Agents; Valinomycin | 1972 |
Calcium and pyridine nucleotide interaction in mitochondrial membranes.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Cations, Divalent; Gadolinium; Lanthanum; Manganese; Membranes; Methanol; Mitochondria; Mitochondria, Liver; Mitochondrial Swelling; NAD; Oxygen Consumption; Polarography; Potassium; Rats; Rotenone; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Valinomycin | 1972 |
Respiration-driven proton translocation by yeast mitochondria with differing efficiencies of oxidative phosphorylation.
Topics: Candida; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Mitochondria; Mutation; NAD; Oxidative Phosphorylation; Oxygen Consumption; Protons; Saccharomyces; Ubiquinone; Valinomycin | 1973 |
Absorption changes of carotenoids and bacteriochlorophyll in energized chromatophores of Rhodospirillum rubrum.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Aerobiosis; Ascorbic Acid; Bacterial Chromatophores; Carotenoids; Chlorophyll; Darkness; Diphosphates; Ferricyanides; Kinetics; Light; NAD; Oxidation-Reduction; Phenylenediamines; Rhodospirillum rubrum; Spectrophotometry; Succinates; Valinomycin | 1973 |
[Potential generation on bilayer lipid membranes, containing Fe3+ and ubiquinone, during oxidation-reduction reactions at the separation boundary].
Topics: Benzimidazoles; Ferricyanides; Flavin Mononucleotide; Iron; Lipids; Membrane Potentials; Membranes, Artificial; Mercaptoethanol; NAD; Oxidation-Reduction; Ubiquinone; Valinomycin | 1974 |
Glutamate and aspartate transport in rat brain mitochondria.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Biological Transport; Brain; Glutamates; Glutaminase; Glutamine; In Vitro Techniques; Kidney; Malates; Mitochondria; Mitochondria, Liver; NAD; Osmosis; Potassium; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Rats; Swine; Valinomycin | 1974 |
Solubilization and reconstitution of the Na+-motive NADH oxidase activity from the marine bacterium Vibrio alginolyticus.
Topics: Carbonyl Cyanide m-Chlorophenyl Hydrazone; Electrochemistry; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Ion Channels; Liposomes; Multienzyme Complexes; NAD; NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; Sodium; Ubiquinone; Valinomycin; Vibrio | 1984 |
Effects of chlordecone and its alteration products on isolated rat liver mitochondria.
Topics: Animals; Chlordecone; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; In Vitro Techniques; Insecticides; Male; Mitochondria, Liver; NAD; Oxygen Consumption; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Structure-Activity Relationship; Valinomycin | 1983 |
Role of the electrochemical proton gradient in genetic transformation of Haemophilus influenzae.
Topics: Carbonyl Cyanide p-Trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone; DNA, Bacterial; Haemophilus influenzae; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Membrane Potentials; NAD; Nigericin; Protons; Transformation, Bacterial; Valinomycin | 1984 |
Substrate binding affinity changes in mitochondrial energy-linked reactions.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Cattle; Cell-Free System; Energy Metabolism; Kinetics; Mitochondria, Heart; NAD; Nigericin; Nucleotides; Oxidative Phosphorylation; Substrate Specificity; Uncoupling Agents; Valinomycin | 1982 |
Role of substrates in Sr2+-induced oscillations of ionic fluxes in rat liver mitochondria.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Cations; Ketoglutaric Acids; Mitochondria, Liver; NAD; Oxaloacetates; Oxidative Phosphorylation; Potassium; Rats; Rotenone; Strontium; Substrate Specificity; Valinomycin | 1982 |
Sidedness of e- donation and stoichiometry of H+ pumps at sites II + III in mitochondria from rat liver.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Carbonyl Cyanide m-Chlorophenyl Hydrazone; Ethylmaleimide; Ferricyanides; Hydrogen; Hydroquinones; Mitochondria, Liver; NAD; Oxygen Consumption; Potassium; Potassium Cyanide; Rats; Rotenone; Succinates; Succinic Acid; Valinomycin | 1981 |
The mitochondrial permeability transition pore is modulated by oxidative agents through both pyridine nucleotides and glutathione at two separate sites.
Topics: Animals; Arsenicals; Calcimycin; Calcium; Cross-Linking Reagents; Glutathione; Intracellular Membranes; Ion Channel Gating; Mitochondria, Liver; NAD; NADP; Nucleotides; Oligomycins; Oxidants; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Stress; Permeability; Pyridines; Rats; Sulfhydryl Compounds; Valinomycin | 1996 |
Conditions allowing different states of ATP- and GDP-induced permeability in mitochondria from different strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphatases; Adenosine Triphosphate; Anions; Atractyloside; Biological Transport; Bongkrekic Acid; Carrier Proteins; Enzyme Inhibitors; Guanosine Diphosphate; Intracellular Membranes; Magnesium; Mitochondria; NAD; Nucleotides; Permeability; Protein Conformation; Protons; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Salts; Thionucleotides; Valinomycin; Vanadates | 1997 |
In vivo interference of paromomycin with mitochondrial activity of Leishmania.
Topics: Animals; Antiprotozoal Agents; Carbonyl Cyanide m-Chlorophenyl Hydrazone; Energy Metabolism; Kinetics; Leishmania donovani; Mitochondria; NAD; Neomycin; Oxidoreductases; Oxygen Consumption; Paromomycin; Protozoan Proteins; Succinates; Succinic Acid; Uncoupling Agents; Valinomycin | 1997 |
Failure of exogenous NADH and cytochrome c to support energy-dependent swelling of mitochondria.
Topics: Animals; Cytochrome c Group; Electrophysiology; Ferrocyanides; Male; Membrane Potentials; Mitochondria; Mitochondria, Liver; Models, Biological; NAD; Oxygen; Potassium Acetate; Rats; Succinic Acid; Valinomycin | 2001 |
Effects of beauvericin on the metabolic state and ionic homeostasis of ventricular myocytes of the guinea pig.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Calcium; Carbonyl Cyanide p-Trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone; Cell Membrane; Cells, Cultured; Cytosol; Depsipeptides; Guinea Pigs; Heart Ventricles; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Magnesium; Membrane Potentials; Mitochondria; Myocytes, Cardiac; NAD; Nickel; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Ryanodine; Valinomycin | 2005 |
Valinomycin induced energy-dependent mitochondrial swelling, cytochrome c release, cytosolic NADH/cytochrome c oxidation and apoptosis.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Cytochromes c; Cytosol; Magnesium; Mitochondria, Liver; Mitochondrial Swelling; NAD; Rats; Valinomycin | 2011 |
Stimulation by pro-apoptotic valinomycin of cytosolic NADH/cytochrome c electron transport pathway-Effect of SH reagents.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Cytochromes c; Cytosol; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electron Transport Chain Complex Proteins; Energy Metabolism; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial; Mitochondria, Liver; NAD; Rats; Valinomycin | 2016 |