Page last updated: 2024-08-17

nad and pteridines

nad has been researched along with pteridines in 44 studies

Research

Studies (44)

TimeframeStudies, this research(%)All Research%
pre-199031 (70.45)18.7374
1990's6 (13.64)18.2507
2000's5 (11.36)29.6817
2010's2 (4.55)24.3611
2020's0 (0.00)2.80

Authors

AuthorsStudies
Dickens, G; Guroff, G; Haines, C; Letendre, CH; Shiota, T; Williams, CD1
Eto, I; Fukushima, K; Shiota, T1
McIntyre, RJ; Vaughan, PF1
Bray, RC; Burke, JF; Chovnick, A; Doyle, WA; Hughes, RK; Whittle, JR1
Barber, MJ; Kay, CJ; Solomonson, LP1
Fuchs, D; Hausen, A; Reibnegger, G; Wachter, H; Werner, ER; Werner-Felmayer, G1
Bray, RC; Deistung, J; Ventom, AM1
Davis, MD; Kaufman, S; Parniak, MA1
Lind, KE2
Glassman, E; Yen, TT1
Bobst, AM1
Butt, VS; Vaughan, PF3
Jakubovic, A1
Watt, WB1
Chan-Henry, E; Jakubovic, A; Woolf, LI1
Summers, MR1
Burchall, J1
Burchall, JJ; Hitchings, GH1
Hanahan, DJ; Kapoulas, VM; Thompson, GA1
Donaldson, KO; Koli, AK; Scott, W; Yearby, C1
Hayaishi, O1
Lind, KE; Nielsen, KH; Simonsen, V1
Mitsuda, H; Suzuki, Y2
Benoiton, NL; D'Iorio, A; Tong, JH1
Piantadosi, C; Snyder, F; Soodsma, JF1
Craine, JE; Hall, ES; Kaufman, S1
Henkin, J; Poddar, S1
Armarego, WL; Randles, D; Taguchi, H1
Braman, JC; Brown, GM; Hollander, IJ1
Caboche, M; Gonneau, M; Meyer, C; Rouzé, P1
Bray, RC; Chovnick, A; Doyle, WA; Whittle, JR1
Bray, RC; Burke, JF; Chovnick, A; Doyle, WA; Dutton, FL; Whittle, JR1
Arai, T; Endo, N; Fukuda, K; Hirota, K; Ishii, H; Makino, K; Mori, H; Sasada, M; Yamashita, K1
Grisham, MB; Jourd'heuil, D; Jourd'heuil, FL; Kutchukian, PS; Musah, RA; Wink, DA1
Rizzi, M; Schindelin, H1
KENNEDY, EP; LINDBERG, M; TIETZ, A1
Morozkina, EV; Zvyagilskaya, RA1
Arai, T; Endo, N; Kodaki, T; Makino, K; Nonogawa, M; Pack, SP1
Chi, JC; Fischer, K; Krizowski, S; Lambeck, I; Mehlmer, N; Mueller, S; Schwarz, G; Teige, M1
Clement, B; Havemeyer, A; Ott, G1

Reviews

5 review(s) available for nad and pteridines

ArticleYear
Inhibition of folate biosynthesis and function as a basis for chemotherapy.
    Advances in enzymology and related areas of molecular biology, 1965, Volume: 27

    Topics: Aminobenzoates; Animals; Binding Sites; Biological Transport; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Drug Synergism; Escherichia coli; Folic Acid; Folic Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Lactobacillus; Leucovorin; Methotrexate; NAD; NADP; Pteridines; Pyrimidines; Rabbits; Rats; Sulfonamides

1965
Enzymic hydroxylation.
    Annual review of biochemistry, 1969, Volume: 38

    Topics: Animals; Bacteria; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Coenzymes; Flavin Mononucleotide; Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide; Metals; Microsomes; Mitochondria; Mitochondria, Liver; Mixed Function Oxygenases; NAD; NADP; Pteridines

1969
Structural biology of enzymes involved in NAD and molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis.
    Current opinion in structural biology, 2002, Volume: 12, Issue:6

    Topics: Amide Synthases; Bacterial Proteins; Coenzymes; Enzymes; Escherichia coli Proteins; Metalloproteins; Models, Molecular; Molecular Structure; Molybdenum Cofactors; NAD; Nicotinamide-Nucleotide Adenylyltransferase; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Pteridines; Sulfurtransferases

2002
Nitrate reductases: structure, functions, and effect of stress factors.
    Biochemistry. Biokhimiia, 2007, Volume: 72, Issue:10

    Topics: Bacteria; Bacterial Physiological Phenomena; Binding Sites; Coenzymes; Electrons; Metalloproteins; Models, Chemical; Molybdenum; Molybdenum Cofactors; NAD; Nitrate Reductase; Nitrogen; Oxygen; Protein Conformation; Pteridines; Substrate Specificity; Temperature

2007
The mammalian molybdenum enzymes of mARC.
    Journal of biological inorganic chemistry : JBIC : a publication of the Society of Biological Inorganic Chemistry, 2015, Volume: 20, Issue:2

    Topics: Animals; Coenzymes; Cytochromes b5; Electron Transport; Humans; Mammals; Membrane Proteins; Metabolic Detoxication, Phase I; Metalloproteins; Mitochondria; Mitochondrial Proteins; Molybdenum; Molybdenum Cofactors; NAD; Oxidoreductases; Pteridines

2015

Other Studies

39 other study(ies) available for nad and pteridines

ArticleYear
Isolation and characterization of dihydropteridine reductase from Pseudomonas species.
    Journal of bacteriology, 1976, Volume: 127, Issue:3

    Topics: Aminopterin; Binding, Competitive; Dihydropteridine Reductase; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Molecular Weight; NAD; NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; Pseudomonas; Pteridines; Sulfhydryl Reagents

1976
Enzymatic synthesis of biopterin from D-erythrodihydroneopterin triphosphate by extracts of kidneys from Syrian golden hamsters.
    The Journal of biological chemistry, 1976, Nov-10, Volume: 251, Issue:21

    Topics: Animals; Biological Assay; Biopterins; Brain; Cricetinae; Eukaryota; Kidney; Kinetics; Liver; Lung; Mesocricetus; NAD; NADP; Neopterin; Organ Specificity; Organophosphorus Compounds; Oxidation-Reduction; Pteridines; Pterins; Spectrometry, Fluorescence

1976
Kinetic studies on the hydroxylation of p-coumaric acid to caffeic acid by spinach-beet phenolase.
    The Biochemical journal, 1975, Volume: 149, Issue:2

    Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Benzoates; Caffeic Acids; Catechol Oxidase; Cinnamates; Coumaric Acids; Kinetics; Mathematics; NAD; Oxygen; Plants; Pteridines; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet

1975
Use of rosy mutant strains of Drosophila melanogaster to probe the structure and function of xanthine dehydrogenase.
    The Biochemical journal, 1992, Jul-15, Volume: 285 ( Pt 2)

    Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Binding Sites; Chromatography, Gel; Coenzymes; Drosophila melanogaster; Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide; Iron-Sulfur Proteins; Metalloproteins; Molecular Sequence Data; Molybdenum; Molybdenum Cofactors; Mutation; NAD; Pteridines; Sequence Alignment; Structure-Activity Relationship; Xanthine Dehydrogenase

1992
Electrochemical and kinetic analysis of electron-transfer reactions of Chlorella nitrate reductase.
    Biochemistry, 1991, Dec-03, Volume: 30, Issue:48

    Topics: Chlorella; Coenzymes; Electrochemistry; Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; Heme; Kinetics; Metalloproteins; Molybdenum Cofactors; NAD; Nitrate Reductase; Nitrate Reductases; Oxidation-Reduction; Pteridines; Spectrophotometry

1991
Relationships between pteridine synthesis and tryptophan degradation.
    Advances in experimental medicine and biology, 1991, Volume: 294

    Topics: Biopterins; Cells, Cultured; Enzyme Induction; Humans; Hydrolases; Interferon-gamma; Macrophages; NAD; Neopterin; Pteridines; Tryptophan; Tryptophan Oxygenase

1991
The isolation of demolybdo xanthine oxidase from bovine milk.
    The Biochemical journal, 1988, Nov-01, Volume: 255, Issue:3

    Topics: Animals; Chromatography, Affinity; Coenzymes; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide; Metalloproteins; Milk; Molybdenum; Molybdenum Cofactors; NAD; Pteridines; Spectrophotometry; Xanthine Oxidase

1988
Effect of alkaline pH on the activity of rat liver phenylalanine hydroxylase.
    The Journal of biological chemistry, 1988, Jan-25, Volume: 263, Issue:3

    Topics: Animals; Cold Temperature; Enzyme Activation; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Liver; NAD; Phenylalanine; Phenylalanine Hydroxylase; Pteridines; Rats; Spectrometry, Fluorescence

1988
Dihydropteridine reductase. Measurement of dissociation constants for binary complexes of enzyme and ligands.
    European journal of biochemistry, 1973, Feb-15, Volume: 33, Issue:1

    Topics: Animals; Binding Sites; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Fluorescence; Kinetics; Ligands; Liver; NAD; NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; Oxidoreductases; Pteridines; Rats

1973
Electrophoretic variants of xanthine dehydrogenase in Drosophila melanogaster. II. Enzyme kinetics.
    Biochimica et biophysica acta, 1967, Sep-12, Volume: 146, Issue:1

    Topics: Aldehydes; Animals; Azaguanine; Binding Sites; Drosophila; Electrophoresis; Genes; Kinetics; Methylene Blue; Molecular Biology; Mutation; NAD; Pteridines; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Triazines; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines

1967
Hydrogenated pteridine derivatives with high group transfer potential.
    Nature, 1968, Oct-12, Volume: 220, Issue:5163

    Topics: Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry, Physical; Diphosphates; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; NAD; Oxidation-Reduction; Pteridines; Pterins

1968
The suppression of catechol oxidase activity during the enzymic hydroxylation of p-coumaric acid by spinach leaf phenolase.
    The Biochemical journal, 1969, Volume: 111, Issue:5

    Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Catechol Oxidase; Cinnamates; Coumarins; NAD; Oxygen Consumption; Plants; Pteridines

1969
Phenylalanine-hydroxylating system in the human fetus at different developmental ages.
    Biochimica et biophysica acta, 1971, Jun-22, Volume: 237, Issue:3

    Topics: Age Factors; Brain; Catalase; Dithiothreitol; Fetus; Humans; Kinetics; Liver; Mixed Function Oxygenases; NAD; Oxidoreductases; Phenylalanine; Phenylalanine Hydroxylase; Pteridines

1971
Xanthine dehydrogenase and pteridine metabolism in Colias butterflies.
    The Journal of biological chemistry, 1972, Mar-10, Volume: 247, Issue:5

    Topics: Allopurinol; Ammonium Sulfate; Animals; Chemical Precipitation; Chromatography, Gel; Chromatography, Ion Exchange; Chromatography, Paper; Electrophoresis; Electrophoresis, Paper; Hypoxanthines; Insecta; Kinetics; NAD; Pteridines; Pterins; Pupa; Purines; Pyrimidines; Uric Acid; Wings, Animal; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthopterin

1972
The inactivation of phenylalanine hydroxylase by 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6,7-dimethyltetrahydropteridine and the aerobic oxidation of the latter. The effects of catalase, dithiothreitol and reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide.
    The Biochemical journal, 1971, Volume: 125, Issue:2

    Topics: Air; Animals; Catalase; Coenzymes; Dithiothreitol; Hydrogen Peroxide; Liver; Liver Extracts; Mice; Mixed Function Oxygenases; NAD; Oxidation-Reduction; Peroxides; Phenylalanine; Phenylalanine Hydroxylase; Pteridines; Rats; Tyrosine

1971
Reaction of N-bromosuccinimide with reduced ring systems. Apparent protection of glutamate dehydrogenase by reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide.
    Biochemistry, 1972, Aug-01, Volume: 11, Issue:16

    Topics: Bromine; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Folic Acid; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; NAD; Oxidation-Reduction; Pteridines; Pyrrolidinones; Spectrophotometry; Succinimides; Ultraviolet Rays

1972
The expression of catechol oxidase activity during the hydroxylation of p-coumaric acid by spinach-beet phenolase.
    The Biochemical journal, 1972, Volume: 127, Issue:4

    Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Catechol Oxidase; Cinnamates; Coumarins; Hydroxylation; NAD; Oxygen Consumption; Plants; Pteridines; Serum Albumin, Bovine

1972
Protection of microbial dihydrofolate reductase against inactivation by pronase.
    Molecular pharmacology, 1968, Volume: 4, Issue:3

    Topics: Amines; Benzoates; Calcium; Chromatography; Endopeptidases; Escherichia coli; Folic Acid; Folic Acid Antagonists; Formates; Glutamates; Heterocyclic Compounds; Kinetics; Leucovorin; NAD; NADP; Protein Binding; Pteridines

1968
Metabolism of alpha-glyceryl ethers by Tetrahymena pyriformis. II. Properties of a cleavage system in vitro.
    Biochimica et biophysica acta, 1969, Mar-04, Volume: 176, Issue:2

    Topics: Alcohols; Aldehydes; Animals; Carbon Isotopes; Cell-Free System; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Ethers; Fatty Acids; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; Glycerol; Glycols; Hexosephosphates; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Lipids; Microsomes; NAD; NADP; Oxygen Consumption; Pteridines; Tetrahymena; Tritium; Ultracentrifugation

1969
Purification and properties of three separate menadione reductases from hog liver.
    The Journal of biological chemistry, 1969, Feb-25, Volume: 244, Issue:4

    Topics: Animals; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Liver; NAD; NADP; Oxidoreductases; Pteridines; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Sulfates; Swine; Vitamin K

1969
The hydroxylation of p-coumaric acid by an enzyme from leaves of spinach beet (Beta vulgaris L.).
    The Biochemical journal, 1969, Volume: 113, Issue:1

    Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Catechol Oxidase; Coumarins; Folic Acid; Mixed Function Oxygenases; NAD; NADP; Plants; Pteridines

1969
Dihydropteridine reductase. A method for the measurement of activity, and investigations of the specificity for NADH and NADPH.
    European journal of biochemistry, 1969, Volume: 9, Issue:4

    Topics: Animals; Cats; Cattle; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Kinetics; Liver; Mathematics; Methods; NAD; NADP; Oxidoreductases; Peroxidases; Peroxides; Pteridines; Rabbits; Rats; Sheep; Species Specificity

1969
Enzymatic conversion of 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-formyl-7,8-dihydropteridine to 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropteridine by cell-free extracts of Escherichia coli B.
    The Journal of vitaminology, 1971, Mar-10, Volume: 17, Issue:1

    Topics: Cell-Free System; Chromatography; Chromatography, Gel; Chromatography, Paper; Escherichia coli; Fluorescence; Formates; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; NAD; NADP; Pteridines; Spectrophotometry; Ultraviolet Rays

1971
Formation of meta-tyrosine form L-phenylalanine by beef adrenal medulla. A new biosynthetic route to catecholamines.
    Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 1971, Jul-02, Volume: 44, Issue:1

    Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Aromatic Amino Acid Decarboxylase Inhibitors; Carbon Isotopes; Catecholamines; Cattle; Chromatography, Ion Exchange; Cresols; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Female; Hydroxylamines; Iron; Kinetics; Methyltyrosines; Monoiodotyrosine; NAD; Phenols; Phenylalanine; Pteridines; Rats; Stereoisomerism; Tyrosine; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase

1971
NAD + -dependent formation of 2-amino- 4 -hydroxy-6-carboxypteridine from 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-formylpteridine by cell-free extracts of Escherichia coli.
    Biochimica et biophysica acta, 1971, Aug-20, Volume: 242, Issue:2

    Topics: Ammonium Sulfate; Chemical Precipitation; Chromatography, Gel; Chromatography, Paper; Escherichia coli; Fluorometry; Formates; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; NAD; NADP; Oxidoreductases; Pteridines; Spectrophotometry; Ultraviolet Rays

1971
Partial characterization of the alkylglycerol cleavage enzyme system of rat liver.
    The Journal of biological chemistry, 1972, Jun-25, Volume: 247, Issue:12

    Topics: Aldehydes; Animals; Ethers; Fatty Acids; Fatty Alcohols; Glutathione; Glycerol; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Liver; Microsomes, Liver; Mixed Function Oxygenases; NAD; NADP; Nucleotides; Oxidation-Reduction; Pteridines; Pyridines; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Rats; Solubility; Subcellular Fractions; Sulfhydryl Compounds; Time Factors

1972
Dihydropteridine reductase. Investigation of the specificity for quinoid dihydropteridine and the inhibition by 2,4-diaminopteridines.
    European journal of biochemistry, 1972, Volume: 25, Issue:3

    Topics: Animals; Chromatography, DEAE-Cellulose; Kinetics; Liver; NAD; NADP; Oxidoreductases; Pteridines; Quinones; Rats

1972
The isolation and characterization of dihydropteridine reductase from sheep liver.
    The Journal of biological chemistry, 1972, Oct-10, Volume: 247, Issue:19

    Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Amino Acids; Animals; Cattle; Centrifugation, Density Gradient; Chromatography, DEAE-Cellulose; Chromatography, Gel; Electrophoresis, Disc; Humans; Kidney; Kinetics; Liver; Macromolecular Substances; Molecular Weight; NAD; NADP; Organ Specificity; Oxidoreductases; Pteridines; Rats; Species Specificity; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Tritium

1972
Isotope, pulse-chase, stopped-flow, and rapid quench studies on the kinetic mechanism of bovine dihydropteridine reductase.
    Biochemistry, 1984, Jul-03, Volume: 23, Issue:14

    Topics: Animals; Cattle; Dihydropteridine Reductase; Kinetics; Liver; NAD; NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; Pteridines; Radioisotope Dilution Technique

1984
Km and kcat. values for [6,6,7,7-2H]7,8(6H)-dihydropterin and 2,6-diamino-5-iminopyrimidin-4-one with dihydropteridine reductase.
    The Biochemical journal, 1983, May-01, Volume: 211, Issue:2

    Topics: Animals; Deuterium; Dihydropteridine Reductase; Humans; Kinetics; Liver; NAD; NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; Pteridines; Pterins; Pyrimidines; Pyrimidinones; Sheep

1983
Biosynthesis of riboflavin: enzymatic conversion of 5-amino-2,4-dioxy-6-ribitylaminopyrimidine to 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine.
    Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 1980, May-30, Volume: 94, Issue:2

    Topics: Escherichia coli; NAD; NADP; Pteridines; Pyrimidine Nucleosides; Riboflavin

1980
Identification by mutational analysis of four critical residues in the molybdenum cofactor domain of eukaryotic nitrate reductase.
    FEBS letters, 1995, Aug-21, Volume: 370, Issue:3

    Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Base Sequence; Chromatography, Gel; Coenzymes; DNA Mutational Analysis; DNA, Complementary; Metalloproteins; Molecular Sequence Data; Molybdenum Cofactors; Mutation; NAD; Nicotiana; Nitrate Reductase; Nitrate Reductases; Plants, Toxic; Protein Conformation; Pteridines

1995
Role and oxidation state of the pterin molybdenum cofactor of molybdenum enzymes: studies of a Drosophila melanogaster xanthine dehydrogenase (rosy) variant, G1011E.
    Biochemical Society transactions, 1996, Volume: 24, Issue:1

    Topics: Animals; Coenzymes; Cytochrome c Group; Drosophila melanogaster; Genetic Variation; Kinetics; Metalloproteins; Molybdenum; Molybdenum Cofactors; NAD; Oxidation-Reduction; Pteridines; Xanthine Dehydrogenase

1996
Properties of xanthine dehydrogenase variants from rosy mutant strains of Drosophila melanogaster and their relevance to the enzyme's structure and mechanism.
    European journal of biochemistry, 1996, Aug-01, Volume: 239, Issue:3

    Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Binding Sites; Coenzymes; Conserved Sequence; Cross Reactions; Drosophila melanogaster; Enzyme Activation; Genetic Variation; Kinetics; Metalloproteins; Molecular Sequence Data; Molybdenum Cofactors; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation; NAD; Oxidation-Reduction; Pteridines; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Structure-Activity Relationship; Xanthine; Xanthine Dehydrogenase; Xanthines

1996
6-formylpterin, a xanthine oxidase inhibitor, intracellularly generates reactive oxygen species involved in apoptosis and cell proliferation.
    Free radical biology & medicine, 2001, Feb-01, Volume: 30, Issue:3

    Topics: Apoptosis; Catalase; Cell Division; Chelating Agents; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Deferoxamine; Electrochemistry; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Enzyme Inhibitors; fas Receptor; HL-60 Cells; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Jurkat Cells; NAD; Nucleotides; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxygen Consumption; Pteridines; Pterins; Reactive Oxygen Species; Superoxides; Xanthine Oxidase

2001
Reaction of superoxide and nitric oxide with peroxynitrite. Implications for peroxynitrite-mediated oxidation reactions in vivo.
    The Journal of biological chemistry, 2001, Aug-03, Volume: 276, Issue:31

    Topics: Catalase; Glutathione; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Kinetics; NAD; Nitrates; Nitric Oxide; Nitrogen Oxides; Oxidation-Reduction; Pteridines; Recombinant Proteins; Rhodamines; Spermine; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine Oxidase

2001
A NEW PTERIDINE-REQUIRING ENZYME SYSTEM FOR THE OXIDATION OF GLYCERYL ETHERS.
    The Journal of biological chemistry, 1964, Volume: 239

    Topics: Alcohols; Aldehydes; Chromatography; Ethers; Fatty Acids; Folic Acid; Glycerol; Glyceryl Ethers; Liver; Methotrexate; NAD; NADP; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidoreductases; Pteridines; Pterins; Rats; Research; Stearic Acids

1964
Reactive oxygen species generation through NADH oxidation by pterin derivatives.
    Nucleic acids symposium series (2004), 2008, Issue:52

    Topics: Antipyrine; Edaravone; NAD; Oxidation-Reduction; Pteridines; Pterins; Reactive Oxygen Species

2008
Kinetic analysis of 14-3-3-inhibited Arabidopsis thaliana nitrate reductase.
    Biochemistry, 2010, Sep-21, Volume: 49, Issue:37

    Topics: 14-3-3 Proteins; Arabidopsis; Catalysis; Coenzymes; Eukaryota; Heme; Kinetics; Metalloproteins; Molybdenum; Molybdenum Cofactors; NAD; Nitrate Reductase; Nitrate Reductase (NADH); Nitrate Reductases; Oxidation-Reduction; Phosphorylation; Protein Kinases; Pteridines

2010