n(2)-n(2)-dimethylguanosine and 1-methyladenosine

Members of the mammalian AlkB family are known to mediate nucleic acid demethylation

Topics: Adenosine; AlkB Enzymes; Cytidine; Guanosine; HEK293 Cells; HeLa Cells; Hep G2 Cells; Humans; Mitochondria; Mitochondrial Proteins; Protein Biosynthesis; RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional; RNA, Mitochondrial; RNA, Transfer

Evaluation of altered urinary nucleosides before and after tumor removal of breast cancer (BCa).. Targeted metabolite profiling of 14 urinary nucleosides was conducted with both pre- and post-operative female patients with BCa (n=150, age: 46.6+/-7.7 years), and female controls (n=150, age: 46.8+/-7.7 years) by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry coupled to on-line extraction.. Levels of modified nucleosides (5-hydroxymethyl-2'-deoxyuridine, P<0.001; 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, P<0.001; 1-methyladenosine, P<0.02; N(2),N(2)-dimethylguanosine, P<0.001) were significantly higher in pre-operative patients than in both normal controls and post-operative patients.. This approach could be used to further understand the pathogenesis of BCa as well as to evaluate the effects of medical treatment.

Topics: 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; Adenosine; Adult; Breast Neoplasms; Chromatography, Liquid; Deoxyguanosine; Female; Guanosine; Humans; Mastectomy; Middle Aged; Nucleosides; Oxidative Stress; Postoperative Period; Reactive Oxygen Species; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Thymidine

Analysis of urine from cancer patients by capillary gas chromatography/mass spectrometry positively identified 14 urinary nucleosides including several modified nucleosides. Levels of the modified nucleosides 1-methyl-adenosine, 2-methylguanosine, N2,N2-dimethylguanosine and 1-methylinosine as well as the total nucleoside level were elevated in the urine when a malignant tumour was present; the levels of N2,N2-dimethylguanosine were found to correlate with the stage of the cancer.

Topics: Adenosine; Biomarkers, Tumor; Female; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Guanosine; Humans; Inosine; Male; Neoplasms; Nucleosides

Excretion of modified nucleosides in urine was measured in 23 adults with acute leukemia to determine correlation of nucleoside excretion with disease activity. In addition, differences in excretion between patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) were established. Six modified nucleosides were resolved and quantitated by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Patients with ALL at initial diagnosis or in relapse had significantly higher concentrations of 1-methylinosine and N2,N2-dimethylguanosine in their urine compared to patients in remission (p less than 0.01, p less than 0.05, respectively). One patient with ALL was followed with serial nucleoside determinations over a period of 18 mo; nucleoside excretion correlated closely with disease activity. Nucleoside excretion in patients with AML did not change significantly with disease activity. Considering only those patients at initial diagnosis or in relapse, excretion of 1-methylinosine and N2,N2-dimethylguanosine was significantly higher in ALL than in AML (p less than 0.01, p less than 0.05, respectively). Thus, urinary excretion of 1-methylinosine and N2,N2-dimethylguanosine by adults with acute leukemia may prove to be valuable clinically in following disease activity in patients with ALL and in distinguishing patients with ALL from those with AML.

Topics: Adenosine; Adult; Aged; Creatinine; Female; Guanosine; Humans; Inosine; Leukemia, Lymphoid; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Male; Middle Aged; Nucleosides

The urinary excretion of six methylated ribonucleosides was measured in a case of anorexia nervosa during the first eight weeks of therapy. Four phases can be distinguished. Highly elevated values are found in a clearly catabolic situation. Immediately after onset of therapy when catabolism is stopped but nutrition still inadequate the excretion of RNA-catabolites is lowered markedly. As soon as normocaloric nutrition is reached after two weeks, a short but clearcut peak-excretion can be observed. Finally, the excretion of methylated RNA-catabolites is stabilized on an intermediate level after three to six weeks, when nutrition is constantly normocaloric and weight continues to increase linearly.

Topics: Adenosine; Adolescent; Anorexia Nervosa; Female; Guanosine; Humans; Inosine; Nucleosides; Uridine