mulberroside-a and methyl-jasmonate

Morus alba L. (Moraceae) has been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of several illnesses. Recent research also revealed several pharmacological activities from many groups of secondary metabolites, including the stilbenoids mulberroside A, oxyresveratrol, and resveratrol, which are promising compounds for cosmetic and herbal supplement products. In our previous study, cell cultures of M. alba showed high productivity of these compounds. In this study, we attempted to develop immobilized cell cultures of M. alba and to test the effect of elicitors and precursors on the production of stilbenoids. The immobilization of the M. alba cells significantly promoted the secretion of mulberroside A into the extracellular matrix and culture media to 60%, while enhancing the level of oxyresveratrol and resveratrol by 12- and 27-fold, respectively. The elicitation of immobilized cells with a combination of 50 µM methyl jasmonate and 0.5 mg/mL yeast extract for 24 h promoted a twofold increase in the production of all three stilbenoids. Furthermore, the addition of 0.05 mM L-phenylalanine, 0.03 mM L-tyrosine, or a combination resulted in the enhancement of mulberroside A production for up to twofold. The addition of L-tyrosine significantly enhanced the production of oxyresveratrol and resveratrol. This is the first report of stilbenoid production using immobilized cell cultures of M. alba. The cultures have benefits over normal cell suspension cultures by promoting the secretion of mulberroside A and enhancing the levels of oxyresveratrol and resveratrol. Thus, it could be a candidate method for the production of these stilbenoids.

Topics: Acetates; Alginates; Cell Culture Techniques; Culture Media; Cyclopentanes; Disaccharides; Morus; Oxylipins; Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Resveratrol; Stilbenes; Tyrosine

Morus alba L. has been used in Asian traditional medicine as an anti-inflammatory, anti-asthmatic, anthelmintic and as a whitening agent in cosmetic products. Mulberroside A is the major active compound from M. alba root bark. In this study, cell suspension and root cultures of M. alba were established, and the effect of the elicitors on the enhancement of mulberroside A production in M. alba was investigated. The cell suspension and root cultures of M. alba were exposed to elicitors and then mulberroside A contents were determined by an indirect competitive ELISA method. High levels of mulberroside A were obtained by addition of 100 and 200 μM salicylic acid with 24 h exposure time in cell suspension cultures (37.9 ± 1.5 and 34.0 ± 4.7 mg/g dry wt., respectively). Furthermore, addition of yeast extract at 2 mg/mL with 24 h exposure time can significantly increase mulberroside A contents from both cell suspension (3.2-fold) and root cultures (6.6-fold). Mulberroside A contents from both cell suspension and root cultures after treatment with elicitors are similar or higher than those found in the intact root and root bark of several years old M. alba. These results indicate that mulberry tissue cultures using the elicitation method are interesting alternative sources for mulberroside A production.

Topics: Acetates; Chitosan; Culture Techniques; Cyclopentanes; Disaccharides; Morus; Oxylipins; Plant Roots; Salicylic Acid; Stilbenes; Yeasts