minocycline and taurolidine

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Biofilms; Candida; Candidiasis; Catheter-Related Infections; Central Venous Catheters; Edetic Acid; Ethanol; Humans; Minocycline; Taurine; Thiadiazines

The purpose of this in vitro study was to determine the antimicrobial activity of two different taurolidine gel formulations in comparison with minocycline microspheres.. Three percent taurolidine gel (TLG3) and 2 % taurolidine gel (TLG2) were compared to minocycline microspheres (MINO) against single bacterial species and a 12-species-mixture. The antimicrobial activity was proven by determination of minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs), killing assays, after exposure of the antimicrobials as well as within a biofilm.. The MICs against the single species were between 0.5 and 2 mg/ml of taurolidine. MICs of the used mixed microbiota were 1.5 mg/ml (TLG3) and 4 mg/ml (TLG2). Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis were completely killed by 10 % TLG3 and TLG2 (equivalent to 3 and 2 mg/ml taurolidine) after 6 h. The mixture of 12 species was not completely killed by any of the test substances. Taurolidine gels showed a post-antimicrobial activity, however being less than that of MINO. On biofilms, taurolidine gels reduced concentration dependently the colony forming unit (CFU) counts (multi-species biofilms by 3.63 log10 after 100 % (30 mg/ml) of TLG3), reductions were 2.12 log10 after MINO (1000 μg/ml minocycline).. Taurolidine gel formulations exert antimicrobial activity against bacteria associated with periodontal disease. Nevertheless, a complete elimination of biofilms seems to be impossible and underlines the importance of mechanical removal of biofilms prior to application of the antimicrobial.. Taurolidine gels may represent a potential alternative for adjunctive topical antimicrobial treatment in periodontitis and infectious peri-implant diseases.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Bacteria; Biofilms; Colony Count, Microbial; Fusobacterium nucleatum; Gels; In Vitro Techniques; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Microspheres; Minocycline; Periodontitis; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Taurine; Thiadiazines

MEDTA (minocycline-edetate calcium disodium), taurolidine (2%)-polyvinylpyrolidine (5%) (T/PVP), and ethanol as potential catheter lock solutions have a unique mechanism of action, broad-spectrum activity, and anticoagulant properties. Traditional lock solutions minocycline (M), rifampin (R), ciprofloxacin (C), and vancomycin, except pharmacologic concentrations of C and R and of M and R, were less effective than MEDTA and T/PVP.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Anticoagulants; Candida albicans; Catheterization; Catheters, Indwelling; Ciprofloxacin; Colony Count, Microbial; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Drug Therapy, Combination; Edetic Acid; Ethanol; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Minocycline; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Rifampin; Solutions; Staphylococcus aureus; Staphylococcus epidermidis; Taurine; Thiadiazines; Time Factors; Vancomycin