metallothionein and cadmium-oxide

Nanoparticles of cadmium oxide (CdO NPs) are among the most common industrial metal oxide nanoparticles. Early adulthood (P1) fruit flies (D. melanogaster) were exposed for 7 days to a sub lethal concentration (0.03 mg CdO NPs/mL, which was 20% of the LC

Topics: Animals; Cadmium Compounds; Drosophila melanogaster; Life History Traits; Metal Nanoparticles; Metallothionein; Oxides

Cadmium (Cd), classified as human carcinogen, is an extremely toxic heavy metal pollutant, and there is an increasing environmental concern for cadmium exposure through anthropogenic sources including cigarette smoke. Though Cd based nanoparticles such as cadmium oxide (CdO) are being widely used in a variety of clinical and industrial applications, the toxicity of CdO nanoparticles has not been well characterized. Herein we report the toxicity of CdO nanoparticles employing zebrafish as a model. Two different CdO nanoparticles were prepared, calcination of Cd(OH)

Topics: Animals; Cadmium Compounds; Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases; Citrates; Environmental Restoration and Remediation; Enzyme Activation; Liver; Metal Nanoparticles; Metallothionein; Oxidative Stress; Oxides; Sodium Citrate; Surface-Active Agents; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Zebrafish

Acute biochemical changes in the rat lung and liver following intratracheal instillation of cadmium oxide (CdO) were observed at a dose of 5 micrograms Cd/rat to investigate the defense mechanism to Cd intoxication via airway. In the lung metallothionein (MT) was induced, reaching a maximum at 2 days. A slight increase in reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration was observed at 4 days. The activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) was increased and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was slightly decreased, but glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities were not changed. These observations suggested that MT played a key role in detoxification of instilled CdO, but that the antioxidant enzymes had a minimal role. In the liver MT and GSH concentrations were diminished 7 h after instillation and returned to their control levels. Hepatic GPx activity was increased 1 day after instillation and the significantly elevated level lasted up to 7 days, while hepatic GR activity was decreased. These hepatic biochemical changes are suggested to be due to the secondary effects of the lung injury.

Topics: Animals; Cadmium; Cadmium Compounds; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; Glutathione; Glutathione Peroxidase; Glutathione Reductase; Liver; Lung; Male; Metallothionein; Organ Size; Oxides; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Superoxide Dismutase