melphalan and dioxadet

Antitumor efficiencies of cytostatics dioxadet, cisplatin, mitomycin C, melphalan, and paclitaxel after a single intraperitoneal or intravenous injection in doses of 1.5, 4, 1.5, 2, and 5 mg/kg, respectively, were studied on the model of transplanted ovarian tumor in 124 rats. The antitumor effects were evaluated by the increase in median survival. Dioxadet, cisplatin, and melphalan injected intraperitoneally significantly prolonged the lifespan median - by 79, 88, and 114%, respectively, and were in fact ineffective, when injected intravenously. Intraperitoneal mitomycin C prolonged lifespan median by just 35%, intravenous - by 152%. Paclitaxel injected intraperitoneally and intravenously prolonged the lifespan median by 45 and 81%, respectively.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Papillary; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Ascites; Cisplatin; Female; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Injections, Intravenous; Melphalan; Mitomycin; Neoplasm Transplantation; Ovarian Neoplasms; Paclitaxel; Rats; Survival Analysis; Treatment Outcome; Triazines

The study or antitumor effects of dioxadet, cisplatin, melphalan, paclitaxel, mitomycin C, cyclophosphamide and gemcitabine at intraperitoneal (i.p.) and intravenous (i.v.) administration as monochemotherapy and polychemotherapy in a rat model of ascitic ovarian cancer was carried out in 244 female Wistar rats. Ovarian cancer was transplanted i.p. at a number of 1 x 10(7) tumor cells. The drugs were administered once in 48 hours after ovarian cancer transplantation i.p. or i.v. for monotherapy--in maximum tolerated doses, for i.p. polychemotherapy--in half doses from maximum tolerated doses. Antitumor effects of the treatment were estimated in increase in median survival time (MST) compared to control rats who were administered saline i.p. At i.p. administration dioxadet, cisplatin and melphalan increased MST by 79%, 88% and 144%, respectively, while at i.v. administration these drugs didn't affect MST. Mitomycin C and paclitaxel had stronger antitumor action at i.v. administration increasing MST by 152% and 81%, respectively, while at i.p. administration these drugs increased MST by 35 and 45%, respectively. Combinations dioxadet + cisplatin, dioxadet + cyclophosphamide and dioxadet + paclitaxel at i.p. administration increased MST by 305%, 277% and 133%, respectively, and had additive antitumor action compared to mono-effects of these drugs. Gemcitabine and combination dioxadet + gemcitabine at i.p. administration didn't significantly affect survival of rats with ovarian cancer. Intraperitoneal monochemotherapy and polychemotherapy could be more effective in the treatment of peritoneal carcinomatosis from ovarian cancer compared to systemic administration of the drugs.

Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Cisplatin; Cyclophosphamide; Deoxycytidine; Female; Gemcitabine; Infusions, Intravenous; Infusions, Parenteral; Maximum Tolerated Dose; Melphalan; Mitomycin; Ovarian Neoplasms; Paclitaxel; Peritoneal Neoplasms; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Triazines

The results of chemotherapy (frequency and duration of remission) of 237 cases of primary and 119-recurrent serous cystadenocarcinoma of ovaries are discussed.

Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Combined Modality Therapy; Cyclophosphamide; Cystadenocarcinoma; Female; Humans; Melphalan; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Ovarian Neoplasms; Prognosis; Thiotepa; Time Factors; Triazines