manumycin and monodansylcadaverine

In this study, we investigated autophagy induced by oridonin in HeLa cells. HeLa cells were exposed to oridonin, and the fluorescent changes, autophagic levels, and protein expressions were evaluated. Oridonin induced autophagy in HeLa cells in vitro in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Oridonin-treated HeLa cells, which had been prelabeled with the autophagosome-specific dye monodansylcadervarine (MDC), recruited more MDC-positive particles and had a significantly higher fluorescent density; and simultaneously, expressions of autophagy-related proteins, MAP-LC3 and Beclin 1, were increased by oridonin. In oridonin-induced Hela cells, pretreatment with 3-methyladenine (3-MA, the specific inhibitor of autophagy) dose-dependently decreased the autophagic ratio accompanied with downregulation of the protein expressions of MAP-LC3 and Beclin 1. Furthermore, when a Ras inhibitor was applied, the autophagic levels were augmented, whereas P38 and JNK inhibitors decreased the autophagic ratio significantly, indicating that this oridonin-induced autophagic process was negatively regulated by Ras, but positively regulated by P38 and JNK MAPKs. Raf-1 and ERK1/2 had no obvious correlation to these signaling pathways.

Topics: Adenine; Anthracenes; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; Autophagy; Beclin-1; Blotting, Western; Cadaverine; Diterpenes; Diterpenes, Kaurane; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; Flavonoids; Flow Cytometry; HeLa Cells; Humans; Imidazoles; Isodon; JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Membrane Proteins; Microtubule-Associated Proteins; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Polyenes; Polyunsaturated Alkamides; Pyridines; ras Proteins