Page last updated: 2024-08-17

lysine and carnitine

lysine has been researched along with carnitine in 139 studies

Research

Studies (139)

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	71 (51.08)	18.7374
1990's	15 (10.79)	18.2507
2000's	20 (14.39)	29.6817
2010's	17 (12.23)	24.3611
2020's	16 (11.51)	2.80

Authors

Authors	Studies
Nezu, J; Oku, A; Sai, Y; Sakamoto, K; Shimane, M; Tamai, I; Tsuji, A; Yabuuchi, H	1
Aronson, NN; Dunn, WA; LaBadie, J	1
di Stefano, CM; Monaco, A; Morelli, S; Ruggiero, M	1
Broquist, HP; Rebouche, CJ	1
Broquist, HP	2
Borum, PR; Broquist, HP	4
ElAmin, B; Means, GE	1
Bamji, MS; Khan, L	1
Carter, AL; Frenkel, R	1
Ellis, SR; Henderson, LM; Hulse, JD	1
Ansley, JD; Rudman, D; Sewell, CW	1
Henderson, LM; Hochalter, JB	1
Broquist, HP; Tanphaichitr, V; Zaklama, MS	1
Froseth, JA; Honeyfield, DC	1
Davis, AT	1
Fernández Ortega, MF	1
Hoppel, CL; Sandor, A	1
Bosch, EP; Chenard, CA; Nelson, SE; Rebouche, CJ; Schabold, KJ	1
Lardy, HA; Wernette-Hammond, ME	1
Lehman, LJ; Olson, L; Rebouche, CJ	1
Davis, AT; Hoppel, CL	3
Rebouche, CJ	3
Hörl, WH; Wanner, C	1
Adibi, SA; Gleditsch, CE; Paul, HS	1
Olson, AL; Rebouche, CJ	1
Lehman, LJ; Olson, AL; Rebouche, CJ	1
Bamji, MS; Khan-Siddiqui, L; Murthy, SN; Vijayasarathy, C	1
Franz, HE; Fürst, P; Graser, TA; Kohse, KP	1
Goto, A; Goto, R; Komatsu, K; Takada, G	1
Broquist, HP; Tanphaichitr, V	4
Novak, M; Penn, D; Prögler, M; Schmidt-Sommerfeld, E; Schneider, H; Sodha, RJ	1
Broquist, HP; Horne, DW	1
Cox, RA; Hoppel, CL	3
Broquist, HP; Haigler, HT	1
Bandinelli, C; Bellini, PG; De Mauro, G; Provvedi, D; Rubegni, M	1
Broquist, HP; Horne, DW; Tanphaichitr, V	2
Bach, A	1
Bamji, MS; Khan-Siddiqui, L	1
Singh, S; Thapar, M	1
Rhew, TH; Ruark, RA; Sachan, DS	1
Adron, JW; Cowey, CB; Walton, MJ	1
Dunn, WA; Englard, S; Rettura, G; Seifter, E	1
Bamji, MS	1
Chalmers, RA; Hoppel, CL; Roe, CR; Stacey, TE	1
Broquist, HP; Sachan, DS	1
Engel, AG; Rebouche, CJ	3
Cox, RA; Hoppel, CL; Novak, RF	1
Hoppel, CL; Sachan, DS	1
Henderson, LM; Sheridan, KJ; Zaspel, BJ	1
Henderson, LL; Henderson, LM; Jenness, R; Nelson, PJ; Pruitt, RE	1
Dunn, WA; Englard, S	1
Aronson, NN; Dunn, WA; Englard, S	1
Henderson, L; Henderson, LM; Nelson, PJ	1
Katz, ML; Siakotos, AN	1
Bock, I; Melegh, B; Pap, M; Rebouche, CJ	1
Rohr, F; Warman, ML; Yannicelli, S	1
Laborit, H; Pierrefiche, G; Reynier, M	1
Mynatt, RL; Sachan, DS	1
Davis, AT; Kruggel, EM; Randall, S	1
Aksoy, H; Bakan, E; Ika, I; San, A; Tonbul, HZ; Yllmaz Selçuk, N	1
Bock, I; Hermann, R; Melegh, B	1
Katz, ML	1
Adamovich, K; Bieber, LL; Gage, DA; Melegh, B; Szekely, G; Tóth, G	1
Inoue, F; Kinugasa, A; Kizaki, Z; Nakajima, H; Okochi, M; Sawada, T; Terada, N	1
Brass, EP; Hoppel, CL; Krähenbühl, S	1
Babinská, K; Béder, I; Béderová, A; Krajcovicová-Kudlácková, M; Simoncic, R	1
Huisman, EA; Ozório, RO; Uktoseja, JL; Verreth, JA	1
Prats Viñas, J	1
Baena, RM; Bayés, R; Campoy, C; Goicoechea, A; López, C; Molina-Font, JA; Pedrosa, T; Peinado, JM; Rivero, M	1
Bene, J; Bieber, LL; Bootsma, A; Cuebas, D; Gage, DA; Melegh, B; van Gennip, AH; Vaz, FM; Vreken, P; Wanders, RJ	1
Elpeleg, O; Gutman, A; Korman, SH; Raas-Rothschild, A	1
Andresen, BS; Campistol, J; Curcoy, A; Gregersen, N; Olsen, RK; Osorio, JH; Ribes, A; Trenchs, V; Vilaseca, MA	1
Dai, J; Haro, D; Marrero, PF; Napal, L; Treber, M; Woldegiorgis, G	1
DA FONSECA, RB	1
NECCHIDELLASILVA, A; SEVERGNINI, B	1
Artuch, R; Fortuny, C; López-Vilches, MA; Muñoz-Almagro, C; Pineda, J; Sierra, C; Vilaseca, MA	1
Davis, AT; Monroe, TJ	1
Irokawa, M; Kobayashi, D; Maeda, T; Tamai, I; Tsuji, A	1
van Vlies, N; Vaz, FM; Wanders, RJ	1
Eder, K; Hirche, F; Pösel, S; Ringseis, R	1
Eder, K; Koch, A; König, B; Stangl, GI	1
Aalto, M; Huoponen, K; Kotilainen, S; Näntö-Salonen, K; Niinikoski, H; Rashed, MS; Simell, O; Tanner, LM; Venetoklis, J	1
Hasegawa, Y; Kimura, M; Komai, K; Samuraki, M; Terada, N; Yamada, M; Yamaguchi, S	1
Fébel, H; Fekete, SG; Gáspárdy, A; Glávits, R; Hullár, I; Mézes, M	1
Eder, K; Fischer, M; Hirche, F; Kluge, H	1
Eder, K; Fischer, M; Hirche, F; Keller, J	1
Eder, K; Hanisch, N; Ringseis, R; Seliger, G	1
Hoffmann, GF; Koeller, DM; Kölker, S; Okun, JG; Opp, S; Sauer, SW	1
Buckley, ST; Ehrhardt, C; Endter, S; Falson, F; Salomon, JJ; Tachon, G	1
Azar, S; Hlais, S; Nasreddine, L; Obeid, OA; Reslan, DR; Sarieddine, HK; Taan, G	1
Ashmore, C; Chakrapani, A; Daly, A; Gokmen-Ozel, H; Hendriksz, C; MacDonald, A; Preece, MA; Vijay, S	1
Charrier, A; Merlier, F; Perrin, Y; Rippa, S; Zhao, Y	1
Assmann, B; Boy, N; Burgard, P; Ensenauer, R; Haege, G; Heringer, J; Hoffmann, GF; Kölker, S; Lücke, T; Maier, EM; Mühlhausen, C; Müller, E	1
Carrico, C; Danielson, SR; Fitch, M; Gibson, BW; Goetzman, ES; Guo, A; Gut, P; He, W; Hellerstein, M; Ilkayeva, OR; Jacobson, MP; Li, B; Mulhern, D; Newgard, CB; Newman, JC; Nishida, Y; Rardin, MJ; Riiff, T; Sahu, AK; Stevens, RD; Uppala, R; Verdin, E; Zhou, J; Zhu, L	1
Balestrieri, ML; Castaldo, D; Cautela, D; Giovane, A; Servillo, L	1
Abbas, A; Aukrust, P; Berge, RK; Bjerkeli, V; Gregersen, I; Halvorsen, B; Holm, S; Hov, JE; Karlsen, TH; Kummen, M; Reier-Nilsen, F; Russell, D; Skagen, K; Skjelland, M; Svardal, A; Trøseid, M; Ueland, T	1
Boerwinkle, E; Liu, X; Yazdani, A	1
Leśniak, RK; Markolovic, S; Schofield, CJ; Tars, K	1
Al Temimi, AH; Mecinović, J; Reddy, YV; White, PB	1
Berge, RK; Flygel, MR; Lysne, V; Løland, KH; Nygård, O; Pedersen, ER; Rebnord, EW; Strand, E; Svardal, A; Svingen, GFT; Tell, GS	1
Allayee, H; Buffa, JA; Cajka, T; DiDonato, JA; Fiehn, O; Gu, X; Han, Y; Hartiala, JA; Hazen, SL; Hurd, AG; Kerby, RL; Li, L; Li, XS; Lüscher, TF; Nemet, I; Obeid, S; Rey, FE; Roberts, AB; Romano, KA; Shahen, CJ; Skye, SM; Tang, WHW; Wagner, MA; Wang, Z; Wu, Y	1
Amaral, AU; Deon, M; Faverzani, J; Groehs, AC; Guerreiro, G; Ribeiro, RT; Sitta, A; Vargas, CR; Wajner, M	1
Auge, D; Chafai, A; Fromm, MF; Gessner, A; Maas, R; Mieth, M; Müller, F	1
Caldez, MJ; Choi, H; Coppola, V; Eisenhaber, F; Goh, CMF; Gopinathan, L; Jones, OS; Kaldis, P; Kanagasundaram, Y; Kien, YL; Kurochkin, IV; Low, KN; Maurer-Stroh, S; Niska-Blakie, J; Ong, CB; Pfeiffenberger, E; Tessarollo, L	1
Bi, S; Qian, F; Wang, P; Xia, N; Xiong, L	1
Antoniazzi, S; Bertino, E; Cavallarin, L; Cesare Marincola, F; Corbu, S; Coscia, A; Cresi, F; Fanos, V; Giribaldi, M; Maiocco, G; Moro, GE; Peila, C; Sottemano, S	1
Gornbein, JA; Koos, BJ	1
Holeček, M; Vodeničarovová, M	1
Bouchereau, J; Schiff, M	1
Beiler, K; Bowser, LE; Brigatti, KW; Carson, VJ; Chopko, S; Haas-Givler, B; Hailey, J; Hendrickson, C; Miller, F; Morton, DH; Poskitt, L; Puffenberger, EG; Robinson, DL; Strauss, KA; Taylor, CM; Williams, KB; Young, M	1
Hintzen, JCJ; Maas, MN; Mecinović, J; Porzberg, MRB	1
Bararpour, N; Darrous, L; Froguel, P; Gasser, M; Gilardi, F; Kutalik, Z; Marques-Vidal, P; Porcu, E; Thomas, A; Waeber, G; Yengo, L	1
Baldo, G; Coitinho, AS; de Lima Rosa, G; Faverzani, J; Gome Dos Reis, B; Gonzalez, EA; Guerreiro, G; Moura, AP; Sitta, A; Vargas, CR; Volfart, V; Wajner, M	1
Appanna, VD; Legendre, F; MacLean, A; Tharmalingam, S	1
Abd El-Hack, ME; Bouyeh, M; Khan, RU; Laudadio, V; Mirzaei, M; Ragni, M; Seidavi, A; Swelum, AA; Taha, AE; Tufarelli, V; Zahedi, A	1
Melander, O; Ottosson, F; Smith, E; Yan, Y	1
Gu, S; Liu, D; Ma, Z; Wang, J; Xiao, L; Zhou, Z; Zuo, H	1
Brezmes, J; Cumeras, R; Gumà, J; Llambrich, M	1
Bertinato, J; Hendry, A; Kenney, L; Xiao, CW	1

Reviews

10 review(s) available for lysine and carnitine

Article	Year
Amino acid metabolism. Nutrition reviews, 1976, Volume: 34, Issue:10 Topics: Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Amino Acids; Animals; Biological Transport, Active; Carnitine; Corynebacterium; Glutamates; Humans; Keto Acids; Lysine; Methionine; Methylmalonic Acid; Neurospora crassa; Phenylketonurias; Plants; Protein Biosynthesis; Protein O-Methyltransferase; Taurine; Vitamin B Complex	1976
Deficiency of carnitine and its pathway of biosynthesis. Nutrition reviews, 1978, Volume: 36, Issue:10 Topics: Animal Feed; Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Carnitine; Female; Lysine; Male; Rats; Sex Factors	1978
Formation of carnitine from lysine in the rat. Nutrition reviews, 1972, Volume: 30, Issue:5 Topics: Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Animals; Butyrates; Carnitine; Deficiency Diseases; Dietary Proteins; Liver; Lysine; Male; Mice; Muscles; Myocardium; Neurospora crassa; Rats	1972
Nutritional and health implications of lysine carnitine relationship. World review of nutrition and dietetics, 1984, Volume: 44 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Glycine Hydroxymethyltransferase; Heart Diseases; Humans; Kidney Diseases; Liver Diseases; Lysine; Mixed Function Oxygenases; Muscular Diseases; Nutrition Disorders; Reproduction	1984
Carnitine biosynthesis in rat and man: tissue specificity. Nutrition reviews, 1981, Volume: 39, Issue:1 Topics: Aldehydes; Animals; Betaine; Carnitine; Humans; Hydroxylysine; Lysine; Organ Specificity; Rats; Species Specificity	1981
Carnitine biosynthesis: nutritional implications. Advances in nutritional research, 1982, Volume: 4 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Animals; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Food Analysis; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Kidney Diseases; Liver Cirrhosis; Lysine; Methionine; Middle Aged; Milk, Human; Mitogens; Muscles; Muscular Diseases; Pregnancy; Protein Deficiency; Rats	1982
Nutrition support for glutaric acidemia type I. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 1994, Volume: 94, Issue:2 Topics: Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Dietary Proteins; Female; Food, Formulated; Glutarates; Glutaryl-CoA Dehydrogenase; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Lysine; Male; Mitochondria; Oxidoreductases; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Riboflavin; Tryptophan	1994
Inherited Disorders of Lysine Metabolism: A Review. The Journal of nutrition, 2020, 10-01, Volume: 150, Issue:Suppl 1 Topics: 2-Aminoadipic Acid; Aldehyde Dehydrogenase; Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Arginine; Brain; Brain Diseases, Metabolic; Brain Diseases, Metabolic, Inborn; Carnitine; Epilepsy; Glutarates; Glutaryl-CoA Dehydrogenase; Humans; Lysine; Metabolic Diseases; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Pyridoxine	2020
Trimethyllysine: From Carnitine Biosynthesis to Epigenetics. International journal of molecular sciences, 2020, Dec-11, Volume: 21, Issue:24 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Epigenesis, Genetic; Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase; Humans; Lysine; Protein Processing, Post-Translational	2020
Urine NMR Metabolomics for Precision Oncology in Colorectal Cancer. International journal of molecular sciences, 2022, Sep-22, Volume: 23, Issue:19 Topics: Acetates; Acetone; Biomarkers; Carnitine; Colorectal Neoplasms; Creatinine; Glucose; Humans; Lysine; Metabolomics; Precision Medicine; Prospective Studies; Pyruvic Acid; Threonine; Urea	2022

Trials

5 trial(s) available for lysine and carnitine

Article	Year
Lysine-carnitine conversion in normal and undernourished adult men-suggestion of a nonpeptidyl pathway. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 1983, Volume: 37, Issue:1 Topics: Carnitine; Humans; Kinetics; Lysine; Male; Nutrition Disorders	1983
Effect of lysine, vitamin B(6), and carnitine supplementation on the lipid profile of male patients with hypertriglyceridemia: a 12-week, open-label, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Clinical therapeutics, 2012, Volume: 34, Issue:8 Topics: Adult; Aged; Analysis of Variance; Biomarkers; Blood Glucose; Carnitine; Cholesterol; Cholesterol, HDL; Cholesterol, LDL; Dietary Supplements; Drug Combinations; Humans; Hypertriglyceridemia; Hypolipidemic Agents; Lebanon; Lipids; Lysine; Male; Middle Aged; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Triglycerides; Vitamin B 6	2012
Low lysine diet in glutaric aciduria type I--effect on anthropometric and biochemical follow-up parameters. Journal of inherited metabolic disease, 2013, Volume: 36, Issue:3 Topics: Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Anthropometry; Biomarkers; Body Weights and Measures; Brain Diseases, Metabolic; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Dietary Supplements; Eating; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Food, Formulated; Glutaryl-CoA Dehydrogenase; Humans; Infant; Lysine; Male; Monitoring, Physiologic	2013
Urinary Metabolomic Profile of Preterm Infants Receiving Human Milk with Either Bovine or Donkey Milk-Based Fortifiers. Nutrients, 2020, Jul-27, Volume: 12, Issue:8 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Cattle; Choline; Enteral Nutrition; Equidae; Female; Food, Fortified; Galactose; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Leucine; Lysine; Male; Metabolome; Milk, Human; Nutritional Status	2020
Influence of dietary L-carnitine and lysine-methionine levels on reproductive performance and blood metabolic constituents of breeder ducks. Reproduction in domestic animals = Zuchthygiene, 2022, Volume: 57, Issue:3 Topics: Animal Feed; Animals; Carnitine; Diet; Dietary Supplements; Ducks; Female; Lysine; Male; Methionine	2022

Other Studies

124 other study(ies) available for lysine and carnitine

Article	Year
Novel membrane transporter OCTN1 mediates multispecific, bidirectional, and pH-dependent transport of organic cations. The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 1999, Volume: 289, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Biological Transport, Active; Carrier Proteins; Cell Line; Gene Expression; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Membrane Potentials; Membrane Proteins; Membrane Transport Proteins; Oocytes; Organic Cation Transport Proteins; Quinidine; RNA, Messenger; Symporters; Tetraethylammonium Compounds; Xenopus laevis	1999
Hepatic synthesis of carnitine from protein-bound trimethyl-lysine. Lysosomal digestion of methyl-lysine-labelled asialo-fetuin. The Biochemical journal, 1976, Oct-15, Volume: 160, Issue:1 Topics: alpha-Fetoproteins; Amino Acids; Animals; Carnitine; Liver; Lysine; Lysosomes; Metabolic Clearance Rate; Rats	1976
[Lysine deficiency and carnitine biosynthesis in the rat]. Bollettino della Societa italiana di biologia sperimentale, 1979, Dec-30, Volume: 55, Issue:24 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Glutens; Liver; Lysine; Male; Muscles; Myocardium; Rats	1979
Carnitine biosynthesis in Neurospora crassa: enzymatic conversion of lysine to epsilon-N-trimethyllysine. Journal of bacteriology, 1976, Volume: 126, Issue:3 Topics: Carnitine; Cell-Free System; Choline; Enzyme Repression; Lysine; Methionine; Methylation; Methyltransferases; Neurospora; Neurospora crassa	1976
Purification of S-adenosylmethionine: epsilon-N-L-lysine methyltransferase. The first enzyme in carnitine biosynthesis. The Journal of biological chemistry, 1977, Aug-25, Volume: 252, Issue:16 Topics: Amino Acids; Carnitine; Lysine; Methyltransferases; Molecular Weight; Neurospora crassa; S-Adenosylmethionine; Spectrophotometry; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet	1977
Some aspects of carnitine nutriture. Comprehensive therapy, 1977, Volume: 3, Issue:10 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Catalysis; Coronary Disease; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Fatty Acids; Humans; Lysine; Methionine; Mitochondria; Muscular Diseases; Myocardium; Nutritional Requirements; Tissue Distribution	1977
Introduction of methyl groups from epsilon-N-methyllysine into the one-carbon pool. Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 1979, Jan-30, Volume: 86, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Betaine; Carnitine; Chickens; Choline; Liver; Lysine; Methylation; Tissue Distribution	1979
Tissue carnitine deficiency due to dietary lysine dificiency: triglyceride accumulation and concomitant impairment in fatty acid oxidation. The Journal of nutrition, 1979, Volume: 109, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Caseins; Diet; Liver; Lysine; Male; Muscles; Myocardium; Oxidation-Reduction; Palmitic Acids; Rats; Triglycerides; Triticum	1979
The role of the kidney in the biosynthesis of carnitine in the rat. The Journal of biological chemistry, 1979, Nov-10, Volume: 254, Issue:21 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Isotope Labeling; Kidney; Kinetics; Liver; Lysine; Nephrectomy; Organ Specificity; Rats; Tritium	1979
Carnitine biosynthesis. beta-Hydroxylation of trimethyllysine by an alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent mitochondrial dioxygenase. The Journal of biological chemistry, 1978, Mar-10, Volume: 253, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Ketoglutaric Acids; Lysine; Male; Mitochondria, Liver; Oxygenases; Rats	1978
Lysine deficiency and carnitine in male and female rats. The Journal of nutrition, 1977, Volume: 107, Issue:7 Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Carnitine; Dietary Proteins; Epididymis; Female; Glutens; Liver; Lysine; Male; Muscles; Myocardium; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Rats; Triticum; Weaning	1977
Deficiency of carnitine in cachectic cirrhotic patients. The Journal of clinical investigation, 1977, Volume: 60, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Cachexia; Carnitine; Diet; Female; Hospitalization; Humans; Liver Cirrhosis; Lysine; Male; Methionine; Vitamin B Deficiency	1977
Carnitine biosynthesis: the formation of glycine from carbons 1 and 2 of 6-N-trimethyl-L-lysine. Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 1976, May-17, Volume: 70, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Glycine; Hippurates; Lysine; Male; Rats	1976
Dietary lysine and carnitine: relation to growth and fatty livers in rats. The Journal of nutrition, 1976, Volume: 106, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Carnitine; Cholesterol; Fatty Acids; Fatty Liver; Liver; Lysine; Male; Muscles; Oryza; Phospholipids; Protein Deficiency; Rats; Threonine; Triglycerides	1976
Evaluation of energy sources with and without carnitine in newborn pig heart and liver. The Journal of nutrition, 1991, Volume: 121, Issue:7 Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Carnitine; Dietary Fats; Energy Metabolism; Female; Heart; Liver; Lysine; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Mitochondria; Oxygen Consumption; Pregnancy; Substrate Specificity; Swine	1991
Tissue trimethyllysine biosynthesis and carnitine content in pregnant and lactating rats fed a lysine-limiting diet. The Journal of nutrition, 1990, Volume: 120, Issue:8 Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Carnitine; Diet; Female; Kinetics; Lactation; Liver; Lysine; Male; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Milk; Muscles; Myocardium; Pregnancy; Pregnancy, Animal; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Saccharopine Dehydrogenases; Tissue Distribution	1990
Effect of dietary lysine level and protein restriction on the lipids and carnitine levels in the liver of pregnant rats. Annals of nutrition & metabolism, 1989, Volume: 33, Issue:3 Topics: Acetylcarnitine; Animals; Carnitine; Cholesterol; Diet; Fatty Acids; Female; Indicators and Reagents; Lipid Metabolism; Liver; Lysine; Phospholipids; Pregnancy; Pregnancy, Animal; Protein Deficiency; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Triglycerides	1989
Butyrobetaine availability in liver is a regulatory factor for carnitine biosynthesis in rat. Flux through butyrobetaine hydroxylase in fasting state. European journal of biochemistry, 1989, Nov-20, Volume: 185, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Betaine; Biological Availability; Carnitine; Fasting; gamma-Butyrobetaine Dioxygenase; Liver; Lysine; Male; Mixed Function Oxygenases; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Whole-Body Counting	1989
Utilization of dietary precursors for carnitine synthesis in human adults. The Journal of nutrition, 1989, Volume: 119, Issue:12 Topics: Adult; Betaine; Carnitine; Diet, Vegetarian; Dietary Proteins; Female; Humans; Lysine; Male; Methionine; Muscles; Nutritional Requirements; Protein Precursors	1989
Regulation of gluconeogenesis in hepatocytes from fasted alloxan-diabetic rats. Diabetes, 1985, Volume: 34, Issue:8 Topics: Animals; Bucladesine; Carnitine; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Dihydroxyacetone; Fasting; Gluconeogenesis; In Vitro Techniques; Liver; Lysine; Male; Norepinephrine; Oleic Acid; Oleic Acids; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains	1985
epsilon-N-trimethyllysine availability regulates the rate of carnitine biosynthesis in the growing rat. The Journal of nutrition, 1986, Volume: 116, Issue:5 Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Biological Availability; Body Weight; Carnitine; Injections, Intravenous; Lysine; Male; Mixed Function Oxygenases; Organ Size; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tissue Distribution; Tritium	1986
Effect of starvation on the disposition of free and peptide-linked trimethyllysine in the rat. The Journal of nutrition, 1986, Volume: 116, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Kidney; Liver; Lysine; Male; Muscles; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Starvation	1986
Synthesis of carnitine precursors and related compounds. Methods in enzymology, 1986, Volume: 123 Topics: Amines; Animals; Betaine; Carnitine; Hydroxylysine; Lysine; Rats	1986
Inter-tissue relationships in the synthesis and distribution of carnitine. Biochemical Society transactions, 1986, Volume: 14, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Glycine Hydroxymethyltransferase; Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase; Kidney; Liver; Lysine; Rats; Tissue Distribution	1986
Potential role of carnitine in patients with renal insufficiency. Klinische Wochenschrift, 1986, Jul-01, Volume: 64, Issue:13 Topics: Acetylcarnitine; Carnitine; Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase; Creatinine; Humans; Hyperlipidemias; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kidney Transplantation; Kidney Tubules, Proximal; Lysine; Muscles; Peritoneal Dialysis; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory; Renal Dialysis; Rhabdomyolysis; Uremia	1986
Mechanism of increased hepatic concentration of carnitine by clofibrate. The American journal of physiology, 1986, Volume: 251, Issue:3 Pt 1 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Clofibrate; Esterification; Liver; Lysine; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Thyroidectomy	1986
gamma-Butyrobetaine hydroxylase activity is not rate limiting for carnitine biosynthesis in the human infant. The Journal of nutrition, 1987, Volume: 117, Issue:6 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aging; Betaine; Carnitine; Child, Preschool; Female; gamma-Butyrobetaine Dioxygenase; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Kidney; Liver; Lysine; Male; Middle Aged; Mixed Function Oxygenases	1987
Measurement of epsilon-N-trimethyllysine in human blood plasma and urine. Analytical biochemistry, 1987, Volume: 162, Issue:1 Topics: Amino Acids; Carnitine; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Chromatography, Ion Exchange; Humans; Lysine; Spectrometry, Fluorescence	1987
Rise in plasma trimethyllysine levels in humans after oral lysine load. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 1987, Volume: 46, Issue:5 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Carnitine; Humans; Lysine; Male; Time Factors; Tryptophan	1987
Plasma levels of carnitine precursor 6-N-trimethyllysine and maintenance hemodialysis. Kidney international. Supplement, 1987, Volume: 22 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Carnitine; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Lysine; Male; Middle Aged; Renal Dialysis	1987
Carnitine deficiency in lysinuric protein intolerance: lysine-sparing effect of carnitine. The Tohoku journal of experimental medicine, 1987, Volume: 153, Issue:4 Topics: Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Carnitine; Child; Humans; Lysine; Male	1987
The Journal of Biological Chemistry. Volume 248, 1973: Role of lysine and epsilon-n-trimethyllysine in carnitine biosynthesis. II. Studies in the rat. By Vichai Tanphaichitr and Harry P. Broquist. Nutrition reviews, 1988, Volume: 46, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; History, 20th Century; Lysine; Male; Rats	1988
Carnitine synthesis in scorbutic guinea pigs. Nutrition reviews, 1985, Volume: 43, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Guinea Pigs; Hydroxylation; Lysine; Male; Scurvy; Tissue Distribution	1985
Transfer and metabolism of carnitine and carnitine esters in the in vitro perfused human placenta. Pediatric research, 1985, Volume: 19, Issue:7 Topics: Acetylcarnitine; Carnitine; Esters; Female; Glucose; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Lactates; Lysine; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Palmitoylcarnitine; Perfusion; Placenta; Pregnancy; Pyruvates	1985
Role of lysine and -N-trimethyllysine in carnitine biosynthesis. I. Studies in Neurospora crassa. The Journal of biological chemistry, 1973, Mar-25, Volume: 248, Issue:6 Topics: Betaine; Butyrates; Carbon Isotopes; Carnitine; Chromatography, Ion Exchange; Culture Media; Hydroxylation; Lysine; Methane; Methionine; Methylation; Models, Chemical; Mutation; Neurospora; Neurospora crassa; Nitrogen Isotopes; Structure-Activity Relationship; Tritium	1973
Carnitine biosynthesis in rat liver slices. Biochimica et biophysica acta, 1974, Sep-05, Volume: 362, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Carbon Radioisotopes; Carnitine; Chromatography, Ion Exchange; Chromatography, Thin Layer; In Vitro Techniques; Isotope Labeling; Kinetics; Liver; Lysine; Male; Methionine; Rats; Time Factors	1974
Site of carnitine biosynthesis in the rat. The Journal of nutrition, 1974, Volume: 104, Issue:12 Topics: Animals; Betaine; Butyrates; Carbon Radioisotopes; Carnitine; Deficiency Diseases; Epididymis; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Liver; Lysine; Male; Methane; Muscles; Rats; Testis; Tritium	1974
Lysine deficiency in the rat: concomitant impairement in carnitine biosynthesis. The Journal of nutrition, 1973, Volume: 103, Issue:1 Topics: Anemia; Animals; Blood Proteins; Body Weight; Carnitine; Deficiency Diseases; Dietary Proteins; Erythrocytes; Glutens; Heart; Hematocrit; Hemoglobins; Hypoproteinemia; Liver; Lysine; Male; Muscles; Myocardium; Organ Size; Plant Proteins; Rats; Triticum	1973
Role of lysine and -N-trimethyllysine in carnitine biosynthesis. II. Studies in the rat. The Journal of biological chemistry, 1973, Mar-25, Volume: 248, Issue:6 Topics: Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Animals; Betaine; Brain; Butyrates; Carbon Isotopes; Carnitine; Deficiency Diseases; Dietary Proteins; Epididymis; Glutens; Kidney; Liver; Lysine; Male; Methionine; Muscles; Myocardium; Rats; Species Specificity; Testis; Tritium	1973
Biosynthesis of carnitine and 4-N-trimethylaminobutyrate from lysine. The Biochemical journal, 1973, Volume: 136, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Betaine; Butyrates; Carbon Radioisotopes; Carnitine; Choline; Chromatography; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Deamination; Deficiency Diseases; Hydroxylation; Lysine; Male; Methionine; Rats; Tritium	1973
Biosynthesis of carnitine and 4-N-trimethylaminobutyrate from 6-N-trimethyl-lysine. The Biochemical journal, 1973, Volume: 136, Issue:4 Topics: Aminobutyrates; Animals; Betaine; Butyrates; Carbon Radioisotopes; Carnitine; Chromatography; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Lysine; Methane; Methionine; Rats	1973
Carnitine synthesis in rat tissue slices. Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 1974, Feb-04, Volume: 56, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Betaine; Butyrates; Carnitine; Chromatography, Ion Exchange; Chromatography, Thin Layer; In Vitro Techniques; Kidney; Liver; Lysine; Male; Muscles; Myocardium; Organ Specificity; Rats; Testis; Tritium	1974
[Prevention and treatment of dysproteinemic syndromes in hospitalized aged persons]. Giornale di gerontologia, 1972, Volume: 20, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Anabolic Agents; Androstanes; Blood Protein Disorders; Carnitine; Female; Hospitalization; Humans; Lysine; Male; Protein Deficiency; Vitamins	1972
Role of lysine in carnitine biosynthesis in Neurospora crassa. The Journal of biological chemistry, 1971, Jul-10, Volume: 246, Issue:13 Topics: Carbon Isotopes; Carnitine; Chromatography, Ion Exchange; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Genetics, Microbial; Lysine; Mutation; Neurospora	1971
Lysine, a precursor of carnitine in the rat. The Journal of biological chemistry, 1971, Oct-25, Volume: 246, Issue:20 Topics: Anemia; Animals; Blood Proteins; Body Weight; Carbon Isotopes; Carnitine; Chromatography, Ion Exchange; Diet; Hematocrit; Hemoglobins; Hypoproteinemia; Liver; Lysine; Male; Models, Biological; Muscles; Myocardium; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains	1971
[Carnitine biosynthesis in mammals]. Reproduction, nutrition, developpement, 1982, Volume: 22, Issue:4 Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Betaine; Carnitine; Humans; Lysine; Mammals; Methionine; Neurospora crassa; Tissue Distribution	1982
Effect of starvation in the rat on trimethyllysine in peptide linkage. The Journal of nutrition, 1983, Volume: 113, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Brain; Carnitine; Lysine; Male; Muscles; Peptides; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Starvation; Tissue Distribution	1983
Effects of feeding lysine-deficient diet on the metabolism of lipids in various tissues of rats. Zeitschrift fur Ernahrungswissenschaft, 1983, Volume: 22, Issue:1 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Animals; Carnitine; Caseins; Diet; Fatty Acids; Lipid Metabolism; Liver; Lung; Lysine; Male; Muscles; Myocardium; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Triticum	1983
Ameliorating effects of carnitine and its precursors on alcohol-induced fatty liver. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 1984, Volume: 39, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Carnitine; Ethanol; Fatty Liver, Alcoholic; Lysine; Male; Methionine; Organ Size; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Triglycerides	1984
The effect of dietary lysine levels on growth and metabolism of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). The British journal of nutrition, 1984, Volume: 52, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Lipid Metabolism; Liver; Lysine; Nutritional Requirements; Saccharopine Dehydrogenases; Salmonidae; Trout	1984
Carnitine biosynthesis from gamma-butyrobetaine and from exogenous protein-bound 6-N-trimethyl-L-lysine by the perfused guinea pig liver. Effect of ascorbate deficiency on the in situ activity of gamma-butyrobetaine hydroxylase. The Journal of biological chemistry, 1984, Sep-10, Volume: 259, Issue:17 Topics: Animals; Ascorbic Acid Deficiency; Betaine; Carbon Radioisotopes; Carnitine; gamma-Butyrobetaine Dioxygenase; Guinea Pigs; Liver; Lysine; Male; Methylation; Mixed Function Oxygenases; Orosomucoid; Perfusion; Tissue Distribution; Tritium	1984
Urinary excretion of l-carnitine and acylcarnitines by patients with disorders of organic acid metabolism: evidence for secondary insufficiency of l-carnitine. Pediatric research, 1984, Volume: 18, Issue:12 Topics: Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenases; Adolescent; Adult; Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Hemiterpenes; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Lysine; Male; Methylmalonic Acid; Middle Aged; Pentanoic Acids; Propionates	1984
Synthesis of carnitine from epsilon-N-trimethyllysine in post mitochondrial fractions of Neurospora crassa. Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 1980, Sep-30, Volume: 96, Issue:2 Topics: Betaine; Carnitine; Cell-Free System; Cytosol; Lysine; Mitochondria; Neurospora; Neurospora crassa; Subcellular Fractions	1980
Tissue distribution of carnitine biosynthetic enzymes in man. Biochimica et biophysica acta, 1980, Jun-05, Volume: 630, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aging; Aldehyde Dehydrogenase; Aldehyde Oxidoreductases; Aldehyde-Lyases; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; gamma-Butyrobetaine Dioxygenase; Glucuronates; Humans; Infant; Kinetics; Lactones; Lysine; Male; Middle Aged; Mixed Function Oxygenases; Organ Specificity; Tissue Distribution	1980
N6-Trimethyl-lysine metabolism. 3-Hydroxy-N6-trimethyl-lysine and carnitine biosynthesis. The Biochemical journal, 1980, May-15, Volume: 188, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Carbon Radioisotopes; Carnitine; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Hydroxylysine; Kidney; Liver; Lysine; Models, Biological; Rats; Tritium	1980
Carnitine biosynthesis. Hydroxylation of N6-trimethyl-lysine to 3-hydroxy-N6-trimethyl-lysine. The Biochemical journal, 1980, May-15, Volume: 188, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Calcium; Carnitine; Cations, Divalent; Edetic Acid; Hydroxylation; In Vitro Techniques; Kidney; Kinetics; Lysine; Male; Mixed Function Oxygenases; Proteins; Rats; Subcellular Fractions	1980
Transport and metabolism of carnitine precursors in various organs of the rat. Biochimica et biophysica acta, 1980, Aug-01, Volume: 631, Issue:1 Topics: Absorption; Animals; Biological Transport; Butyrates; Carnitine; In Vitro Techniques; Intestine, Small; Kidney; Liver; Lysine; Male; Perfusion; Rats	1980
Significance of renal gamma-butyrobetaine hydroxylase for carnitine biosynthesis in man. The Journal of biological chemistry, 1980, Sep-25, Volume: 255, Issue:18 Topics: Adult; Animals; Brain; Carnitine; gamma-Butyrobetaine Dioxygenase; Humans; Kidney; Liver; Lysine; Male; Mixed Function Oxygenases; Muscles; Myocardium; Organ Specificity; Rats; Species Specificity	1980
Effect of ascorbic acid deficiency on the in vivo synthesis of carnitine. Biochimica et biophysica acta, 1981, Jan-07, Volume: 672, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Ascorbic Acid Deficiency; Body Weight; Carnitine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Guinea Pigs; Kidney; Liver; Lysine; Male; Muscles; Myocardium; Organ Size	1981
Primary systemic carnitine deficiency: I. Carnitine biosynthesis. Neurology, 1981, Volume: 31, Issue:7 Topics: Adult; Carnitine; Child; Chromatography, Ion Exchange; Female; Humans; Lysine; Male	1981
Carnitine biosynthesis by the perfused rat liver from exogenous protein-bound trimethyllysine. Metabolism of methylated lysine derivatives arising from the degradation of 6-N-[methyl-3H]lysine-labeled glycoproteins. The Journal of biological chemistry, 1981, Dec-10, Volume: 256, Issue:23 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Glycoproteins; Kinetics; Liver; Lysine; Male; Mitogens; Perfusion; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains	1981
The effects of 1-amino-D-proline on the production of carnitine from exogenous protein-bound trimethyllysine by the perfused rat liver. The Journal of biological chemistry, 1982, Jul-25, Volume: 257, Issue:14 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Liver; Lysine; Male; Mitogens; Perfusion; Proline; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains	1982
Carnitine biosynthesis and function. Introductory remarks. Federation proceedings, 1982, Volume: 41, Issue:12 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Carnitine Acyltransferases; Cattle; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Cytoplasm; Fatty Acids; Humans; Intracellular Membranes; Liver; Lysine; Mitochondria; Rats	1982
Mammalian enzymes of trimethyllysine conversion to trimethylaminobutyrate. Federation proceedings, 1982, Volume: 41, Issue:12 Topics: Aldehyde Oxidoreductases; Animals; Carnitine; Cattle; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glycine Hydroxymethyltransferase; Guinea Pigs; Kidney; Kinetics; Liver; Lysine; Mitochondria, Liver; Mixed Function Oxygenases; Rats	1982
Sites and regulation of carnitine biosynthesis in mammals. Federation proceedings, 1982, Volume: 41, Issue:12 Topics: Adult; Animals; Animals, Suckling; Brain; Carnitine; Cats; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Chromatography, Ion Exchange; Cricetinae; Dogs; gamma-Butyrobetaine Dioxygenase; Guinea Pigs; Haplorhini; Humans; Kidney; Liver; Lysine; Male; Mice; Mixed Function Oxygenases; Rabbits; Rats	1982
Canine hereditary ceroid-lipofuscinosis: evidence for a defect in the carnitine biosynthetic pathway. American journal of medical genetics, 1995, Jun-05, Volume: 57, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Biomarkers; Carnitine; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Genetic Carrier Screening; Homozygote; Humans; Lysine; Macromolecular Substances; Mammals; Mitochondria; Neuronal Ceroid-Lipofuscinoses; Proton-Translocating ATPases; Reference Values	1995
The ability of guinea pigs to synthesize carnitine at a normal rate from epsilon-N-trimethyllysine or gamma-butyrobetaine in vivo is not compromised by experimental vitamin C deficiency. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 1995, Volume: 44, Issue:5 Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Ascorbic Acid Deficiency; Betaine; Carnitine; Food, Fortified; Guinea Pigs; Lysine; Male; Reference Values; Time Factors; Weight Gain	1995
Relationship of carnitine and carnitine precursors lysine, epsilon-N-trimethyllysine, and gamma-butyrobetaine in drug-induced carnitine depletion. Pediatric research, 1993, Volume: 34, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Bacteriuria; Betaine; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Creatinine; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Lysine; Male; Pivampicillin; Urinary Tract Infections; Valproic Acid	1993
Carnitine action on neuromuscular disturbances in the fasting rat: potentiation by L-lysine. Pharmacology, 1993, Volume: 46, Issue:1 Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Carnitine; Drug Synergism; Fasting; Fatty Acids; Lysine; Male; Mitochondria; Muscle Contraction; Neuromuscular Junction; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sciatic Nerve	1993
Wheat gluten-based diet retarded ethanol metabolism by altering alcohol dehydrogenase and not carnitine status in adult rats. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 1993, Volume: 12, Issue:2 Topics: Alcohol Dehydrogenase; Animals; Carnitine; Caseins; Diet; Ethanol; Glutens; Liver; Lysine; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley	1993
Excess dietary lysine increases skeletal muscle and plasma trimethyllysine in rats. The Journal of nutrition, 1993, Volume: 123, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Diet; Heart; Liver; Lysine; Male; Muscles; Myocardium; Proline; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley	1993
Effects of nutritional status and oral essential amino acid replacement on serum L-carnitine levels of chronically hemodialyzed patients. Nephron, 1996, Volume: 72, Issue:2 Topics: Administration, Oral; Carnitine; Diet; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Lysine; Male; Methionine; Nutritional Status; Renal Dialysis	1996
Generation of hydroxytrimethyllysine from trimethyllysine limits the carnitine biosynthesis in premature infants. Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992), 1996, Volume: 85, Issue:3 Topics: Carnitine; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Lysine; Male; Spectrometry, Mass, Fast Atom Bombardment	1996
Decreased plasma carnitine and trimethyl-L-lysine levels associated with lysosomal accumulation of a trimethyl-L-lysine containing protein in Batten disease. Biochimica et biophysica acta, 1996, Dec-16, Volume: 1317, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Carnitine; Child; Female; Heterozygote; Humans; Lysine; Male; Neuronal Ceroid-Lipofuscinoses	1996
Labeled trimethyllysine load depletes unlabeled carnitine in premature infants without evidence of incorporation. Biology of the neonate, 1999, Volume: 76, Issue:1 Topics: Carnitine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Lysine; Male; Protein Precursors; Spectrometry, Mass, Fast Atom Bombardment; Time Factors	1999
Measurement of carnitine precursors, epsilon-trimethyllysine and gamma-butyrobetaine in human serum by tandem mass spectrometry. Journal of chromatography. B, Biomedical sciences and applications, 1999, Aug-06, Volume: 731, Issue:1 Topics: Betaine; Carnitine; Humans; Lysine; Mass Spectrometry; Methylation; Reference Standards; Sensitivity and Specificity	1999
Decreased carnitine biosynthesis in rats with secondary biliary cirrhosis. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 2000, Volume: 31, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Betaine; Bile Ducts; Carnitine; Ligation; Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary; Lysine; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reference Values	2000
Correlation of carnitine levels to methionine and lysine intake. Physiological research, 2000, Volume: 49, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Aged; Carnitine; Diet; Diet, Vegetarian; Dietary Proteins; Eating; Female; Humans; Lysine; Male; Methionine; Middle Aged; Plant Proteins	2000
Changes in fatty acid concentrations in tissues of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus Burchell, as a consequence of dietary carnitine, fat and lysine supplementation. The British journal of nutrition, 2001, Volume: 86, Issue:5 Topics: Animal Feed; Animals; Carnitine; Catfishes; Chromatography, Gas; Dietary Fats; Fatty Acids; Liver; Lysine	2001
[Glutaric aciduria type I: an organic acidemia without acidosis with severe movement disorders]. Neurologia (Barcelona, Spain), 2001, Volume: 16, Issue:8 Topics: Adult; Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Brain Diseases, Metabolic; Carnitine; Child, Preschool; Glutarates; Glutaryl-CoA Dehydrogenase; Humans; Infant; Lysine; Movement Disorders; Oxidoreductases; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Phenotype; Tryptophan	2001
Role of intrapartum hypoxia in carnitine nutritional status during the early neonatal period. Early human development, 2001, Volume: 65 Suppl Topics: Carnitine; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Esters; Fetal Hypoxia; Gestational Age; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Infant, Newborn; Lysine; Methionine; Nutritional Status	2001
Analysis of carnitine biosynthesis metabolites in urine by HPLC-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. Clinical chemistry, 2002, Volume: 48, Issue:6 Pt 1 Topics: Carnitine; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Deuterium; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Lysine; Male; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization	2002
Hypocarnitinemia in lysinuric protein intolerance. Molecular genetics and metabolism, 2002, Volume: 76, Issue:1 Topics: Amino Acid Transport Disorders, Inborn; Carnitine; Child; Female; Humans; Infant; Lysine; Male	2002
Late-onset form of beta-electron transfer flavoprotein deficiency. Molecular genetics and metabolism, 2003, Volume: 78, Issue:4 Topics: Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Arginine; Carnitine; Cysteine; DNA Mutational Analysis; Electron-Transferring Flavoproteins; Electrons; Exons; Female; Fibroblasts; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Gene Deletion; Glutarates; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Iron-Sulfur Proteins; Lysine; Mutation, Missense; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-NH Group Donors; Oxygen; Phenotype	2003
A single amino acid change (substitution of the conserved Glu-590 with alanine) in the C-terminal domain of rat liver carnitine palmitoyltransferase I increases its malonyl-CoA sensitivity close to that observed with the muscle isoform of the enzyme. The Journal of biological chemistry, 2003, Sep-05, Volume: 278, Issue:36 Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Binding Sites; Blotting, Western; Carnitine; Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase; Chickens; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Immunoblotting; Kinetics; Liver; Lysine; Malonyl Coenzyme A; Mice; Molecular Sequence Data; Muscles; Mutation; Palmitoyl Coenzyme A; Pichia; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Protein Isoforms; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Rats; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Swine	2003
[EFFECT OF THE CARNITINE-LYSINE-CYANOCOBALAMIN ASSOCIATION ON GROWTH AND WEIGHT INCREASE OF PATIENTS WITH PITUITARY DISEASE]. Hospital (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil), 1965, Volume: 67 Topics: Adolescent; Carnitine; Child; Drug Therapy; Folic Acid; Growth; Hypopituitarism; Lysine; Pharmacology; Pituitary Diseases; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B Complex; Weight Gain	1965
[ON TREATMENT OF DYSPROTIDEMIC SYNDROMES IN GERIATRICS]. Giornale di gerontologia, 1965, Volume: 13 Topics: Anabolic Agents; Blood Protein Disorders; Carnitine; Geriatrics; Humans; Lysine; Steroids; Syndrome; Testosterone Congeners; Vitamin A; Vitamins	1965
Low serum carnitine in HIV-infected children on antiretroviral treatment. European journal of clinical nutrition, 2003, Volume: 57, Issue:10 Topics: Adolescent; Anti-Retroviral Agents; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; HIV Infections; Humans; Infant; Lysine; Male; Methionine; Prospective Studies; Protease Inhibitors	2003
Carnitine deficiency and supplementation do not affect the gene expression of carnitine biosynthetic enzymes in rats. The Journal of nutrition, 2005, Volume: 135, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Dietary Supplements; gamma-Butyrobetaine Dioxygenase; Gene Expression Regulation; Kidney; Liver; Lysine; Male; Mixed Function Oxygenases; Pentanoic Acids; Rats; RNA, Messenger	2005
Carnitine/organic cation transporter OCTN2-mediated transport of carnitine in primary-cultured epididymal epithelial cells. Reproduction (Cambridge, England), 2005, Volume: 130, Issue:6 Topics: Acetylcarnitine; Amino Acid Transport Systems; Animals; Betaine; Biological Transport; Carnitine; Cells, Cultured; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Epididymis; Epithelial Cells; Leucine; Lysine; Male; Organic Cation Transport Proteins; Pyrilamine; Quinidine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA; Sodium; Solute Carrier Family 22 Member 5; Time Factors	2005
Measurement of carnitine biosynthesis enzyme activities by tandem mass spectrometry: differences between the mouse and the rat. Analytical biochemistry, 2006, Jul-01, Volume: 354, Issue:1 Topics: Aldehyde Dehydrogenase; Aldehydes; Animals; Carnitine; Dioxygenases; gamma-Butyrobetaine Dioxygenase; Kinetics; Liver; Lysine; Male; Mass Spectrometry; Mice; Oxidoreductases; Rats; Species Specificity; Tissue Distribution	2006
Treatment with pharmacological peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha agonist clofibrate causes upregulation of organic cation transporter 2 in liver and small intestine of rats. Pharmacological research, 2007, Volume: 56, Issue:2 Topics: Acyl-CoA Oxidase; Aldehyde-Lyases; Animals; Betaine; Carnitine; Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase; Clofibrate; Cytochrome P-450 CYP4A; gamma-Butyrobetaine Dioxygenase; Hypolipidemic Agents; Intestine, Small; Liver; Lysine; Male; Muscle, Skeletal; Organic Cation Transport Proteins; PPAR alpha; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Solute Carrier Family 22 Member 5; Up-Regulation	2007
PPAR alpha mediates transcriptional upregulation of novel organic cation transporters-2 and -3 and enzymes involved in hepatic carnitine synthesis. Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.), 2008, Volume: 233, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Betaine; Body Weight; Carnitine; Liver; Lysine; Male; Membrane Proteins; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Organ Size; Organ Specificity; Organic Cation Transport Proteins; PPAR alpha; RNA, Messenger; Solute Carrier Family 22 Member 5; Transcription, Genetic; Up-Regulation	2008
Carnitine deficiency and L-carnitine supplementation in lysinuric protein intolerance. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 2008, Volume: 57, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Carnitine; Child; Dietary Supplements; Female; Humans; Lysine; Male; Middle Aged	2008
A successfully treated adult patient with L-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria. Neurology, 2008, Mar-25, Volume: 70, Issue:13 Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Alcohol Oxidoreductases; Brain; Brain Diseases, Metabolic; Brain Diseases, Metabolic, Inborn; Carnitine; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14; Female; Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide; Genetic Markers; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Homozygote; Humans; Intellectual Disability; Lysine; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Movement Disorders; Treatment Outcome	2008
Effects of oral L-carnitine, L-lysine administration and exercise on body composition and histological and biochemical parameters in pigeons. Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition, 2008, Volume: 92, Issue:3 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Administration, Oral; Animals; Body Composition; Carnitine; Columbidae; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Lysine; Male; Physical Conditioning, Animal; Random Allocation	2008
A moderate excess of dietary lysine lowers plasma and tissue carnitine concentrations in pigs. The British journal of nutrition, 2009, Volume: 101, Issue:2 Topics: Animal Feed; Animals; Betaine; Carnitine; gamma-Butyrobetaine Dioxygenase; Gene Expression; Kidney; Liver; Lysine; Male; Mixed Function Oxygenases; Muscles; Nutritional Status; Organic Cation Transport Proteins; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Swine	2009
Determination of carnitine, its short chain acyl esters and metabolic precursors trimethyllysine and gamma-butyrobetaine by quasi-solid phase extraction and MS/MS detection. Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences, 2009, Jul-15, Volume: 877, Issue:22 Topics: Animals; Betaine; Carnitine; Esters; Humans; Lysine; Male; Solid Phase Extraction; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Swine; Tandem Mass Spectrometry	2009
Low availability of carnitine precursors as a possible reason for the diminished plasma carnitine concentrations in pregnant women. BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2010, Apr-25, Volume: 10 Topics: Adult; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency; Betaine; Carnitine; Erythrocyte Indices; Female; Ferritins; Germany; Hemoglobins; Humans; Linear Models; Lysine; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic; Pregnancy Trimester, Third	2010
Therapeutic modulation of cerebral L-lysine metabolism in a mouse model for glutaric aciduria type I. Brain : a journal of neurology, 2011, Volume: 134, Issue:Pt 1 Topics: 2-Aminoadipate Transaminase; 2-Aminoadipic Acid; Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Arginine; Brain; Brain Diseases, Metabolic; Carnitine; Catalase; Glutaryl-CoA Dehydrogenase; Ketoglutaric Acids; Lysine; Mice	2011
Transport of the fluorescent organic cation 4-(4-(dimethylamino)styryl)-N-methylpyridinium iodide (ASP+) in human respiratory epithelial cells. European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V, 2012, Volume: 81, Issue:2 Topics: Biological Transport; Bronchi; Caco-2 Cells; Carnitine; Cations; Cell Line; Cell Line, Tumor; Epithelial Cells; Fluorescent Dyes; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Intestinal Mucosa; Kinetics; Lysine; Membrane Potentials; Methylamines; Organic Cation Transport Proteins; Pulmonary Alveoli; Pyridinium Compounds; Respiratory Mucosa; Solute Carrier Family 22 Member 5; Symporters; Temperature; Tight Junctions	2012
Dietary practices in glutaric aciduria type 1 over 16 years. Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association, 2012, Volume: 25, Issue:6 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Biomarkers; Brain Diseases; Brain Diseases, Metabolic; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Diet, Protein-Restricted; Dietary Proteins; Dietetics; Disabled Persons; Early Diagnosis; Enteral Nutrition; Female; Glucose; Glutaryl-CoA Dehydrogenase; Humans; Lysine; Male; Practice Patterns, Physicians'; Severity of Illness Index; Tryptophan; United Kingdom; Young Adult	2012
The carnitine biosynthetic pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana shares similar features with the pathway of mammals and fungi. Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB, 2012, Volume: 60 Topics: Animals; Arabidopsis; Betaine; Biosynthetic Pathways; Carnitine; Chromatography, Liquid; Deuterium; Fungi; Lipid Metabolism; Lysine; Mammals; Plant Extracts; Seedlings; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Vitamin B Complex	2012
SIRT5 regulates the mitochondrial lysine succinylome and metabolic networks. Cell metabolism, 2013, Dec-03, Volume: 18, Issue:6 Topics: Amino Acid Motifs; Animals; Carnitine; Cell Line; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Synthase; Ketone Bodies; Lysine; Male; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Mitochondria, Liver; Mitochondrial Proteins; Mutation; Oxidation-Reduction; Sirtuins; Succinates	2013
Where does N(ε)-trimethyllysine for the carnitine biosynthesis in mammals come from? PloS one, 2014, Volume: 9, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Biosynthetic Pathways; Carnitine; Chromatography, Liquid; Chromatography, Reverse-Phase; Fluorescence; Lysine; Mammals; Plant Extracts; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Vegetables	2014
The Carnitine-butyrobetaine-trimethylamine-N-oxide pathway and its association with cardiovascular mortality in patients with carotid atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis, 2016, Volume: 247 Topics: Aged; Betaine; Biomarkers; Carnitine; Carotid Stenosis; Case-Control Studies; Cause of Death; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Female; Humans; Kaplan-Meier Estimate; Lysine; Male; Methylamines; Middle Aged; Myocardial Infarction; Prognosis; Proportional Hazards Models; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Severity of Illness Index; Stroke; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color	2016
Identification of Rare Variants in Metabolites of the Carnitine Pathway by Whole Genome Sequencing Analysis. Genetic epidemiology, 2016, Volume: 40, Issue:6 Topics: Biomarkers; Carnitine; Female; Fibroblast Growth Factor 8; Genetic Variation; GPI-Linked Proteins; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; Humans; Linkage Disequilibrium; Lysine; Male; Metabolomics; Middle Aged; Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Sequence Analysis, DNA	2016
Human carnitine biosynthesis proceeds via (2S,3S)-3-hydroxy-N Chemical communications (Cambridge, England), 2016, 12-22, Volume: 53, Issue:2 Topics: Biocatalysis; Carnitine; Humans; Lysine; Mixed Function Oxygenases; Models, Molecular; Protein Conformation; Stereoisomerism; Substrate Specificity	2016
Evidence That Trimethyllysine Hydroxylase Catalyzes the Formation of (2S,3S)-3-Hydroxy-N Organic letters, 2017, 01-20, Volume: 19, Issue:2 Topics: Biocatalysis; Carnitine; Humans; Lysine; Mixed Function Oxygenases; Molecular Structure	2017
Serum Carnitine Metabolites and Incident Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Patients With Suspected Stable Angina Pectoris. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2018, 03-01, Volume: 103, Issue:3 Topics: Aged; Angina, Stable; Betaine; Body Mass Index; Carnitine; Chromatography, Liquid; Coronary Artery Disease; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Esters; Female; Humans; Logistic Models; Lysine; Male; Middle Aged; Odds Ratio; Prospective Studies; Risk Factors	2018
Untargeted metabolomics identifies trimethyllysine, a TMAO-producing nutrient precursor, as a predictor of incident cardiovascular disease risk. JCI insight, 2018, 03-22, Volume: 3, Issue:6 Topics: Aged; Animals; Atherosclerosis; Cardiovascular Diseases; Carnitine; Cholesterol; Choline; Disease Models, Animal; Feces; Female; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Genome-Wide Association Study; Humans; Lysine; Male; Metabolomics; Methylamines; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Middle Aged; Nutrients; Risk Factors; Thrombosis	2018
l-Carnitine prevents oxidative stress in striatum of glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficient mice submitted to lysine overload. Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease, 2019, 09-01, Volume: 1865, Issue:9 Topics: Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Animals; Brain Diseases, Metabolic; Carnitine; Corpus Striatum; Diet; Disease Models, Animal; Glutaryl-CoA Dehydrogenase; Glutathione Peroxidase; Lysine; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Oxidative Stress; Reactive Oxygen Species; Superoxide Dismutase	2019
Establishment of reference values for the lysine acetylation marker N Amino acids, 2019, Volume: 51, Issue:9 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Arginine; Biomarkers; Cardiovascular Diseases; Carnitine; Chromatography, Liquid; Citrulline; Creatinine; Female; Homoarginine; Humans; Lysine; Male; Middle Aged; Ornithine; Reference Values; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Young Adult	2019
Knockout of the non-essential gene SUGCT creates diet-linked, age-related microbiome disbalance with a diabetes-like metabolic syndrome phenotype. Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS, 2020, Volume: 77, Issue:17 Topics: Aging; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria; Carnitine; Coenzyme A-Transferases; Dietary Supplements; Feces; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Kidney; Lipid Metabolism; Liver; Lysine; Metabolic Syndrome; Metabolome; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Obesity; Tryptophan	2020
Development of biocompatible DES/NADES as co-solvents for efficient biosynthesis of chiral alcohols. Bioprocess and biosystems engineering, 2020, Volume: 43, Issue:11 Topics: Alcohols; Betaine; Biocatalysis; Biotechnology; Carnitine; Catalysis; Cell-Free System; Choline; Chromatography, Gas; Escherichia coli; Green Chemistry Technology; Hydrogen Bonding; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Lysine; Permeability; Proline; Recombinant Proteins; Solvents; Stereoisomerism; Water	2020
Early pregnancy metabolites predict gestational diabetes mellitus: implications for fetal programming. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 2021, Volume: 224, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Alanine; Arginine; Carnitine; Case-Control Studies; Diabetes, Gestational; Diet Therapy; Dopamine; Early Diagnosis; Epigenesis, Genetic; Female; Fetal Development; Gestational Age; Glucose Tolerance Test; Glucuronides; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Lactones; Lysine; Meglutol; Metabolomics; Neopterin; Orotic Acid; Phenols; Pregnancy; Ribonucleosides; Sulfides	2021
Effects of low and high doses of fenofibrate on protein, amino acid, and energy metabolism in rat. International journal of experimental pathology, 2020, Volume: 101, Issue:5 Topics: Amino Acids; Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; Animals; Carnitine; Energy Metabolism; Fenofibrate; Glycine; Hepatomegaly; Humans; Hypolipidemic Agents; Leucine; Liver; Lysine; Male; Methionine; Muscle, Skeletal; Oxidation-Reduction; Proteins; Rats; Rats, Wistar	2020
Glutaric acidemia type 1: Treatment and outcome of 168 patients over three decades. Molecular genetics and metabolism, 2020, Volume: 131, Issue:3 Topics: Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Brain; Brain Diseases, Metabolic; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Corpus Striatum; Diet; Female; Glutaryl-CoA Dehydrogenase; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Lysine; Male	2020
Triangulating evidence from longitudinal and Mendelian randomization studies of metabolomic biomarkers for type 2 diabetes. Scientific reports, 2021, 03-18, Volume: 11, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aged; Betaine; Biomarkers; Carnitine; Case-Control Studies; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Early Diagnosis; Female; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Leucine; Lysine; Male; Mannose; Mendelian Randomization Analysis; Metabolome; Middle Aged; Valine	2021
Protective effects of L-carnitine on behavioral alterations and neuroinflammation in striatum of glutaryl-COA dehydrogenase deficient mice. Archives of biochemistry and biophysics, 2021, 09-30, Volume: 709 Topics: Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Animals; Brain Diseases, Metabolic; Carnitine; Cathepsin D; Corpus Striatum; Glutaryl-CoA Dehydrogenase; Grooming; Inflammation; Interleukin-1beta; Locomotion; Lysine; Mice, Knockout; Neuroprotective Agents; Open Field Test; Transforming Growth Factor beta	2021
Phosphate stress triggers the conversion of glycerol into l-carnitine in Pseudomonas fluorescens. Microbiological research, 2021, Volume: 253 Topics: Carnitine; Culture Media; Glycerol; Lysine; NAD; Phosphates; Proteomics; Pseudomonas fluorescens; Stress, Physiological	2021
The association between plasma metabolites and future risk of all-cause mortality. Journal of internal medicine, 2022, Volume: 292, Issue:5 Topics: Biomarkers; Carnitine; Glutamates; Histidine; Humans; Leucine; Lysine; Metabolomics; Prospective Studies; Tryptophan; Valine	2022
Associations of plasma carnitine, lysine, trimethyllysine and glycine with incident ischemic stroke: Findings from a nested case-control study. Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland), 2022, Volume: 41, Issue:9 Topics: Carnitine; Case-Control Studies; Fabaceae; Glycine; Humans; Ischemic Stroke; Lysine; Stroke; Tandem Mass Spectrometry	2022
L-Lysine supplementation affects dietary protein quality and growth and serum amino acid concentrations in rats. Scientific reports, 2023, Nov-15, Volume: 13, Issue:1 Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Asparagine; Carnitine; Caseins; Diet; Dietary Proteins; Dietary Supplements; Histidine; Leucine; Lysine; Male; Methionine; Ornithine; Racemethionine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tryptophan; Valine; Weight Gain	2023