lurasidone-hydrochloride and blonanserin

Cognition deficit is one of the most common symptoms of schizophrenia, including abstract thinking and memory, and attention deficits. Previous studies have suggested that the improvement of cognition is very important for the recovery of disease and social function for the patients. Recent studies indicated that two new atypical antipsychotics, blonanserin and lurasidone, are expected to improve the cognitive impairment in patients with schizophrenia. This review introduces pathogenesis of cognitive impairment in schizophrenia, mechanisms of blonanserin and lurasidone in the improvement of cognitive impairment and progress in their clinical application for schizophrenia. We hope that this review could guide clinical use of antipsychotics and provide new directions for future studies.. 认知功能障碍是精神分裂症常见症状之一，主要表现为抽象思维、记忆、注意等方面的障碍。认知功能的改善对患者疾病康复、社会功能恢复具有至关重要的意义。近来研究表明新型非典型抗精神病药物布南色林和鲁拉西酮具有独特的受体作用机制，有望使患者认知功能障碍得到更好的改善。笔者从精神分裂症患者认知功能障碍的病因机制入手，综述布南色林和鲁拉西酮改善精神分裂症患者认知功能的作用机制；介绍两种药物的临床应用进展，以便更好地指导临床用药，为进一步研究提供新方向。.

Topics: Antipsychotic Agents; Cognition Disorders; Humans; Lurasidone Hydrochloride; Piperazines; Piperidines; Schizophrenia; Schizophrenic Psychology

The management of schizophrenia has seen significant strides over the last few decades, due to the increasing availability of a number of antipsychotics. Yet, the diminished efficacy in relation to the negative and cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia, and the disturbing adverse reactions associated with the current antipsychotics, reflect the need for better molecules targeting unexplored pathways.. To review the salient features of the recently approved antipsychotics; namely, iloperidone, asenapine, lurasidone and blonanserin.. We discuss the advantages, limitations and place in modern pharmacotherapy of each of these drugs. In addition, we briefly highlight the new targets that are being explored.. Promising strategies include modulation of the glutamatergic and GABAergic pathways, as well as cholinergic systems.. Although regulatory bodies have approved only a handful of antipsychotics in recent years, the wide spectrum of targets that are being explored could eventually bring out antipsychotics with improved efficacy and acceptability, as well as the potential to revolutionize psychiatric practice.

Topics: Antipsychotic Agents; Dibenzocycloheptenes; Drug Discovery; Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings; Humans; Isoindoles; Isoxazoles; Lurasidone Hydrochloride; Piperazines; Piperidines; Schizophrenia; Thiazoles

Atypical antipsychotic drugs (AAPDs) have been suggested to be more effective in improving cognitive impairment in schizophrenia than typical APDs, a conclusion supported by differences in receptor affinities and neurotransmitter efflux in the cortex and the hippocampus. More potent serotonin (5-HT)2A than dopamine (DA) D2 receptors antagonism, and direct or indirect 5-HT1A agonism, characterize almost all AAPDs. Blonanserin, an AAPD, has slightly greater affinity for D2 than 5-HT2A receptors. Using microdialysis and ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry, we compared the abilities of the typical APD, haloperidol, three AAPDs, blonanserin, lurasidone, and olanzapine, and a selective 5-HT1A partial agonist, tandospirone, and all, except haloperidol, were found to ameliorate the cognitive deficits produced by the N-methyl-d-aspartate antagonist, phencyclidine, altering the efflux of neurotransmitters and metabolites in the rat cortex and nucleus accumbens. Blonanserin, lurasidone, olanzapine, and tandospirone, but not haloperidol, increased the efflux of cortical DA and its metabolites, homovanillic acid and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid. Olanzapine and lurasidone increased the efflux of acetylcholine; lurasidone increased glutamate as well. None of the compounds significantly altered the efflux of 5-HT or its metabolite, 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid, or GABA, serine, and glycine. The ability to increase cortical DA efflux was the only shared effect of the compounds which ameliorates the deficit in cognition in rodents following phencyclidine.

Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Brain; Cerebral Cortex; Dopamine; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Isoindoles; Lurasidone Hydrochloride; Male; Microdialysis; Neurotransmitter Agents; Nucleus Accumbens; Piperazines; Piperidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A; Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Serotonin 5-HT1 Receptor Agonists; Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Antagonists; Synaptic Transmission; Thiazoles