lisuride has been researched along with levodopa in 113 studies
Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
---|---|---|
pre-1990 | 56 (49.56) | 18.7374 |
1990's | 38 (33.63) | 18.2507 |
2000's | 18 (15.93) | 29.6817 |
2010's | 1 (0.88) | 24.3611 |
2020's | 0 (0.00) | 2.80 |
Authors | Studies |
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Bellows, DS; Clarke, ID; Diamandis, P; Dirks, PB; Graham, J; Jamieson, LG; Ling, EK; Sacher, AG; Tyers, M; Ward, RJ; Wildenhain, J | 1 |
González-Díaz, H; Orallo, F; Quezada, E; Santana, L; Uriarte, E; Viña, D; Yáñez, M | 1 |
Halbhübner, K; Herken, H; Loos, D | 1 |
Goldstein, M; Kleinberg, D; Kupersmith, M; Leibowitz, M; Lieberman, AN; Mehl, S; Neophytides, A; Serby, M | 1 |
Halbhübner, K; Herken, H; Kehr, W; Loos, D | 1 |
Gershanik, O; Luquin, MR; Obeso, JA; Scipioni, O; Vaamonde, J | 1 |
Baronti, F; Brughitta, G; Chase, TN; Conant, KE; Giuffra, M; Mouradian, MM | 1 |
Heinz, A; Klewin, I; Klotz, P; Kuhn, W; Przuntek, H; Suchy, I | 1 |
Baronti, F; Brughitta, G; Chase, TN; Conant, KE; Davis, TL; Giuffra, M; Mouradian, MM | 1 |
Laihinen, A; Rinne, UK; Suchy, I | 1 |
Graff, E; Korczyn, AD; Rabey, JM; Shabtai, H; Vered, Y | 1 |
Antonozzi, I; Bonifati, V; Lestingi, L; Meco, G; Stocchi, F | 1 |
Madeja, UD | 1 |
Anderson, JJ; Bravi, D; Chase, TN; Dagani, F; Davis, TL; Ferrari, R; Gillespie, M | 1 |
Agnoli, A; Baronti, F; Horowski, R; Lucarelli, C; Ruggieri, S; Stocchi, F; Viselli, F | 1 |
Horowski, R; Runge, I | 1 |
Luquin, MR; Obeso, JA; Vaamonde, J | 2 |
Korczyn, AD; Rabey, JM; Streifler, M; Treves, T | 2 |
Genitrini, S; Giovannini, P; Girotti, F; Piccolo, I; Scigliano, G; Suchy, I; Testa, D | 1 |
Boyson, SJ | 1 |
Rinne, UK | 5 |
Agnoli, A; Agostini, C; Barbato, L; Bragoni, M; Carta, A; Ruggieri, S; Stocchi, F | 1 |
Chiodini, PG; Dallabonzana, D; Liuzzi, A; Oppizzi, G; Verde, GG | 1 |
Coleman, R; Critchley, P; Grandas Perez, F; Marsden, CD; Parkes, D; Quinn, N | 1 |
Kempster, PA; Lees, AJ; Stern, GM; Stibe, CM | 1 |
Baumann, G; Chin, L; Lieberman, A | 1 |
Fernandez Pardal, M; Gatto, M; Micheli, F; Perez y Gonzalez, N | 1 |
García, S; Gershanik, OS; Scipioni, O | 1 |
Agnoli, A; Antonini, A; Baronti, F; Bellantuono, P; Bravi, D; Brughita, G; Ruggieri, S; Stocchi, F | 1 |
Aljanati, R; Caamaño, JL; Chouza, C; de Medina, O; Romero, S; Scaramelli, A | 1 |
Birkmayer, W | 1 |
Birkmayer, JD; Birkmayer, W | 1 |
Jellinger, K | 1 |
Agnoli, A; Antonini, A; Baronti, F; Bellantuono, P; Bravi, D; Brughitta, G; Ruggieri, S; Stocchi, F | 1 |
Agnoli, A; Bragoni, M; Bravi, D; Carta, A; Giorgi, L; Ruggieri, S; Stocchi, F | 1 |
Agnoli, A; Antonini, A; Bragoni, M; Carta, A; Ruggieri, SA; Stocchi, F | 1 |
Caraceni, T; Giovannini, P; Piccolo, I; Scigliano, G; Soliveri, P; Suchy, I | 1 |
Agnoli, A; Brughitta, G; Ruggieri, S; Stocchi, F | 1 |
Bracco, F; Ferla, S; Giometto, B; Meneghetti, G; Schergna, E | 1 |
Lakke, JP; Staal-Schreinemachers, AL | 1 |
Herbster, G; Koller, WC | 1 |
Grandas, F; Luquin, MR; Martinez Lage, JM; Obeso, JA; Vaamonde, J | 1 |
Catarzi, L; Degl'Innocenti, F; Ginanneschi, A; Magnolfi, S; Marini, P | 1 |
Czuczwar, SJ; Löscher, W | 1 |
Critchley, P; Parkes, D | 1 |
Lang, AE | 1 |
Goldstein, M; Lieberman, AN | 1 |
Artieda, J; Luquin, MR; Martínez Lage, JM; Obeso, JA; Tuñón, T | 1 |
Artieda, J; Lang, AE; Marsden, CD; Obeso, JA; Quinn, NP; Rothwell, JC | 1 |
Luquin, MR; Martínez Lage, JM; Obeso, JA | 2 |
Agid, Y; Dubois, B | 1 |
Kapfhammer, HP; Rüther, E | 1 |
Alfonsi, E; Horowski, R; Martignoni, E; Nappi, G; Sandrini, G | 1 |
Burton, K; Calne, DB | 1 |
Kurako, IuL; Volianskiĭ, VE | 1 |
Beckman, J; Burton, K; Calne, DB; Martin, WR | 1 |
Da Prada, M; Haefely, WE; Keller, HH; Kettler, R; Pieri, L | 1 |
Caraceni, T; Carella, F; Giovannini, P; Grassi, MP; Parati, E; Scigliano, G | 1 |
Gopinathan, G; Hiesiger, E; Leibowitz, M; Lieberman, AN; Neophytides, A; Walker, R | 1 |
Agostini, L; Piccinin, GL; Piccirilli, M; Rizzo, PA | 1 |
Goldstein, M; Goodgold, A; Gopinathan, G; Leibowitz, M; Lieberman, AN; Neophytides, A; Pact, V; Walker, R | 1 |
Calne, DB; Teräväinen, H | 1 |
Goldstein, M; Kleinberg, D; Kupersmith, M; Leibowitz, M; Lieberman, A; Neophytides, A; Walker, R; Zasorin, N | 1 |
Goldstein, M; Gopinathan, G; Leibowitz, M; Lieberman, AN; Neophytides, A; Pact, V; Walker, R | 1 |
Caraceni, T; Giovannini, P; Martinez-Campos, A; Müller, EE; Novelli, A; Parati, E | 1 |
Bédard, P; Debono, AG; Dorow, R; Horowski, R; Jenner, P; Keenan, J; Marsden, CD; Parkes, JD; Price, P; Rosenthaler, J; Schachter, M; Smith, B | 1 |
Marsden, CD; Parkes, JD; Schachter, M; Sheehy, MP | 1 |
Heinz, A; Pietzcker, A; Przuntek, H; Winterer, G | 1 |
Brown, D; Factor, SA; Molho, ES; Podskalny, GD | 1 |
Aufdembrinke, B; Bruggi, P; Godi, L; Martignoni, E; Miltenburger, C; Nappi, G; Pacchetti, C; Voet, B | 1 |
Antonini, A; Beer, HF; Leenders, KL; Madeja, UD; Oertel, WH; Schwarz, J | 1 |
Ferrarese, C; Piolti, R; Pozzi, C | 1 |
Klockgether, T; Löschmann, PA; Schugens, MM | 1 |
Baronti, F; Bramante, L; Monge, A; Ruggieri, S; Stefano, E; Stocchi, F; Viselli, F | 1 |
Koivikko, L; Portin, R; Revonsuo, A; Rinne, JO; Rinne, UK | 1 |
Goldhammer, Y; Sadeh, M | 1 |
Bayülkem, B; Bayülkem, K; Erişir, K; Tuncel, A | 1 |
Attanasio, R; Costa, A; Cozzi, R; Dallabonzana, D; Horowski, R; Liuzzi, A; Martignoni, E; Nappi, G; Rainer, E | 1 |
Fuchs, G | 1 |
Barbato, L; Berardelli, A; Bonamartini, A; Manfredi, M; Patsalos, PN; Ruggieri, S; Stocchi, F | 1 |
Brotchie, JM; Crossman, AR; Henry, B | 2 |
Hayashi, R; Koyama, J; Makishita, H; Tako, K; Yanagisawa, N | 1 |
Bardin, PG; Battistin, L; Ferro-Milone, F; Ravenna, C; Reboldi, G; Toso, V | 1 |
Albanese, A; LeWitt, PA | 1 |
Montastruc, JL; Rascol, O; Senard, JM | 1 |
Clarke, CE; Speller, JM | 2 |
Allain, H; Bentué-Ferrer, D; Destée, A; Le Cavorzin, P; Patay, M; Petit, H; Schück, S | 1 |
Diroma, C; Fraddosio, A; Iliceto, G; Lamberti, S; Moramarco, A; Palagano, G; Zenzola, A | 1 |
Schrag, A; Trimble, M | 1 |
Engfer, A; Gille, G; Hung, ST; Janetzky, B; Moldzio, R; Ngyuen, A; Rausch, WD; Reichmann, H | 1 |
Olanow, CW; Ruggieri, S; Stocchi, F; Vacca, L | 1 |
Gerlach, M; Reichmann, H; Riederer, P | 1 |
Goetz, CG; Poewe, W; Rascol, O; Sampaio, C | 1 |
Benes, H; Deissler, A; Engfer, A; Kohnen, R; Rodenbeck, A | 1 |
Bordet, R; Derambure, P; Destée, A; Houdayer, E; Jacquesson, JM; Laloux, C; Monaca, C | 1 |
Stocchi, F | 1 |
Chen, JF; Herm, L; Kalda, A; Rinken, A; Zharkovsky, A | 1 |
Agúndez, JA; Alonso-Navarro, H; García-Martín, E; Jiménez-Jiménez, FJ | 1 |
17 review(s) available for lisuride and levodopa
Article | Year |
---|---|
[The dopamine agonist, lisuride, in the therapy of Parkinson disease].
Topics: Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Parkinson Disease; Selegiline | 1992 |
Medical treatment of pituitary adenomas: effects on tumor growth.
Topics: Adenoma; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Bromocriptine; Dihydroergotoxine; Dopamine; Drug Administration Schedule; Ergolines; Growth Hormone; Levodopa; Lisuride; Metergoline; Methysergide; Pergolide; Pituitary Neoplasms; Prolactin; Tomography, X-Ray Computed | 1985 |
Dopamine agonists in the treatment of dystonia.
Topics: Circadian Rhythm; Dystonia; Dystonia Musculorum Deformans; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Receptors, Dopamine; Torticollis | 1985 |
Bromocriptine in Parkinson disease.
Topics: Aged; Animals; Bromocriptine; Drug Administration Schedule; Ergolines; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disease; Pergolide; Time Factors | 1985 |
[New directions in contemporary pharmacotherapy of parkinsonism (review)].
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antiparkinson Agents; Apomorphine; Aromatic Amino Acid Decarboxylase Inhibitors; Bromocriptine; Drug Therapy, Combination; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Oxprenolol; Parkinson Disease; Piracetam; Piribedil; Propranolol | 1984 |
The pharmacology of Parkinson's disease: basic aspects and recent advances.
Topics: Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Aromatic Amino Acid Decarboxylase Inhibitors; Benserazide; Brain; Bromocriptine; Carbidopa; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Ergolines; Humans; Kidney; Kinetics; Levodopa; Lisuride; Liver; Methyldopa; Norepinephrine; Parkinson Disease; Pergolide; Receptors, Dopamine; Selegiline; Serotonin; Stereotyped Behavior; Substantia Nigra; Tyramine | 1984 |
Parkinson's disease: drug-induced psychiatric states.
Topics: Aged; Anxiety; Bipolar Disorder; Clozapine; Depression; Electroconvulsive Therapy; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Ondansetron; Parkinson Disease; Psychoses, Substance-Induced; Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological | 1995 |
New delivery systems for antiparkinsonian drugs.
Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Antiparkinson Agents; Apomorphine; Delayed-Action Preparations; Drug Delivery Systems; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride | 1999 |
Treatment of Parkinson's disease should begin with a dopamine agonist.
Topics: Benzothiazoles; Bromocriptine; Cabergoline; Dopamine Agonists; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Therapy, Combination; Ergolines; Humans; Indoles; Levodopa; Lisuride; Parkinson Disease; Pergolide; Pramipexole; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Thiazoles | 1999 |
Lisuride versus bromocriptine for levodopa-induced complications in Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Antiparkinson Agents; Bromocriptine; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Parkinson Disease | 2000 |
Lisuride for levodopa-induced complications in Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Antiparkinson Agents; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Parkinson Disease | 2000 |
[Parkinson disease: diagnostic and therapeutic criteria].
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Adult; Aged; Amantadine; Antiparkinson Agents; Bromocriptine; Diagnosis, Differential; Dopamine Agents; Dopamine Agonists; Female; Globus Pallidus; Humans; Indoles; Levodopa; Lewy Body Disease; Lisuride; Male; Mental Status Schedule; Neurosurgery; Parkinson Disease; Parkinsonian Disorders; Piribedil; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Serotonin Receptor Agonists; Stereotaxic Techniques; Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive; Surveys and Questionnaires; Thalamus | 2001 |
DA agonists -- ergot derivatives: bromocriptine: management of Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Benzophenones; Bromocriptine; Cabergoline; Dopamine Agonists; Drug Therapy, Combination; Enzyme Inhibitors; Ergolines; Ergot Alkaloids; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Nitrophenols; Parkinson Disease; Pergolide; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Tolcapone | 2002 |
DA agonists -- ergot derivatives: lisuride: management of Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Dopamine Agonists; Drug Therapy, Combination; Ergot Alkaloids; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Parkinson Disease; Psychomotor Disorders; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic | 2002 |
Evidence-based medical review update: pharmacological and surgical treatments of Parkinson's disease: 2001 to 2004.
Topics: Amantadine; Antiparkinson Agents; Apomorphine; Benzophenones; Benzothiazoles; Bromocriptine; Cabergoline; Catechol O-Methyltransferase Inhibitors; Deep Brain Stimulation; Dihydroergocryptine; Ergolines; Fetal Tissue Transplantation; Globus Pallidus; Humans; Indans; Indoles; Levodopa; Lisuride; Mesencephalon; Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; Neurosurgical Procedures; Nitrophenols; Parkinson Disease; Pergolide; Piribedil; Pramipexole; Selegiline; Thiazoles; Tolcapone | 2005 |
Use of apomorphine in Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Antiparkinson Agents; Apomorphine; Dopamine; Dopamine Agonists; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Parkinson Disease | 2008 |
Anti-Parkinson's disease drugs and pharmacogenetic considerations.
Topics: Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; Benzothiazoles; Benztropine; Bromocriptine; Cabergoline; Catechols; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 Inhibitors; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B6; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19; Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A; Ergolines; Genetic Markers; Humans; Indans; Indoles; Levodopa; Lisuride; Nitriles; Parkinson Disease; Pergolide; Pharmacogenetics; Pramipexole; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Receptors, Dopamine D3; Reproducibility of Results; Selegiline | 2013 |
18 trial(s) available for lisuride and levodopa
Article | Year |
---|---|
Pergolide and lisuride for Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Antiparkinson Agents; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Synergism; Drug Therapy, Combination; Ergolines; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Parkinson Disease | 1979 |
Comparison of lisuride and bromocriptine in the treatment of advanced Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Aged; Bromocriptine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Neurologic Examination; Parkinson Disease | 1992 |
TRH test and the continuous dopaminergic stimulation in complicated Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Antiparkinson Agents; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Infusion Pumps; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Motor Skills; Neurologic Examination; Parkinson Disease; Prolactin; Receptors, Dopamine; Thyrotropin; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone | 1992 |
Antagonist effect of terguride in Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Dopamine Agents; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disease | 1991 |
The beneficial effect of chronic lisuride administration compared with levodopa in Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Carbidopa; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Long-Term Care; Male; Middle Aged; Motor Skills; Neurologic Examination; Parkinson Disease | 1990 |
Lisuride, a dopamine agonist in the treatment of early Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Drug Therapy, Combination; Ergolines; Female; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disease | 1989 |
A combined regimen of subcutaneous lisuride and oral Madopar HBS in Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Benserazide; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Combinations; Drug Therapy, Combination; Drug Tolerance; Ergolines; Humans; Hydrazines; Infusion Pumps; Levodopa; Lisuride; Parkinson Disease; Severity of Illness Index | 1988 |
Therapeutic effect of lisuride in advanced Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Aged; Clinical Trials as Topic; Ergolines; Female; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disease; Time Factors | 1986 |
Assessment of hypokinesia in Parkinsonism.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Bromocriptine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Ergolines; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Motor Activity; Movement; Parkinson Disease; Placebos; Posture; Time Factors | 1981 |
Lisuride in Parkinson disease: efficacy of lisuride compared to levodopa.
Topics: Aged; Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-Blind Method; Ergolines; Female; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disease | 1981 |
Lisuride combined with levodopa in advanced Parkinson disease.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Ergolines; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disease | 1981 |
Apomorphine and lisuride infusion. A comparative chronic study.
Topics: Apomorphine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Long-Term Care; Middle Aged; Movement Disorders; Neurologic Examination; Parkinson Disease | 1993 |
A study on the effect and tolerance of lisuride on Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Age of Onset; Aged; Antiparkinson Agents; Benserazide; Disease Progression; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disease; Prolactin; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales | 1996 |
Effects of terguride on anterior pituitary function in parkinsonian patients treated with L-dopa: a double-blind study versus placebo.
Topics: Aged; Antiparkinson Agents; Dopamine Agonists; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hyperprolactinemia; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disease; Pituitary Function Tests; Pituitary Gland, Anterior; Pituitary Hormones, Anterior | 1996 |
Alpha-dihydroergocryptine in Parkinson's disease: a multicentre randomized double blind parallel group study.
Topics: Aged; Antiparkinson Agents; Dihydroergotoxine; Disabled Persons; Dopamine Agonists; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Movement Disorders; Parkinson Disease; Treatment Outcome | 1999 |
Five-year follow-up of early lisuride and levodopa combination therapy versus levodopa monotherapy in de novo Parkinson's disease. The French Lisuride Study Group.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antiparkinson Agents; Disease Progression; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Neurologic Examination; Parkinson Disease | 2000 |
Prospective randomized trial of lisuride infusion versus oral levodopa in patients with Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Antiparkinson Agents; Dyskinesias; Home Infusion Therapy; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disease; Prospective Studies; Severity of Illness Index | 2002 |
Lisuride treatment of restless legs syndrome: first studies with monotherapy in de novo patients and in combination with levodopa in advanced disease.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot Projects; Polysomnography; Restless Legs Syndrome; Single-Blind Method | 2006 |
78 other study(ies) available for lisuride and levodopa
Article | Year |
---|---|
Chemical genetics reveals a complex functional ground state of neural stem cells.
Topics: Animals; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Mice; Molecular Structure; Neoplasms; Neurons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Sensitivity and Specificity; Stem Cells | 2007 |
Quantitative structure-activity relationship and complex network approach to monoamine oxidase A and B inhibitors.
Topics: Computational Biology; Drug Design; Humans; Isoenzymes; Molecular Structure; Monoamine Oxidase; Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship | 2008 |
Experimental neuropathy with Parkinson-like muscular rigidity. A suitable model for testing dopaminergic agonists and neuroleptic drugs.
Topics: 6-Aminonicotinamide; Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Baclofen; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Bromocriptine; Central Nervous System Diseases; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Electromyography; Gluconates; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Motor Neurons; Muscle Contraction; Niacinamide; Parkinson Disease, Secondary; Rats; Reserpine; RNA; Spinal Cord; Sugar Phosphates | 1978 |
Action of dopamine agonists on parkinson-like muscle rigidity induced by 6-aminonicotinamide.
Topics: 6-Aminonicotinamide; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Corpus Striatum; Diencephalon; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Electromyography; Levodopa; Limbic System; Lisuride; Male; Muscles; Niacinamide; Parkinson Disease, Secondary; Rats; Tyrosine | 1979 |
Levodopa-induced dyskinesias in Parkinson's disease: clinical and pharmacological classification.
Topics: Aged; Apomorphine; Chlorpromazine; Dopamine Agents; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Electromyography; Female; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Neurologic Examination; Parkinson Disease; Parkinson Disease, Secondary; Receptors, Dopamine; Sulpiride | 1992 |
Partial dopamine agonist therapy of levodopa-induced dyskinesias.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Dopamine Agents; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Middle Aged; Movement | 1992 |
Long-term observation of chronic subcutaneous administration of lisuride in the treatment of motor fluctuations in Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Aged; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Female; Humans; Injections, Subcutaneous; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disease; Psychomotor Performance | 1992 |
Continuous lisuride effects on central dopaminergic mechanisms in Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Adult; Analysis of Variance; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Middle Aged; Movement; Parkinson Disease; Receptors, Dopamine | 1992 |
Improvement of parkinsonian features correlate with high plasma levodopa values after broad bean (Vicia faba) consumption.
Topics: Aged; Bromocriptine; Carbidopa; Combined Modality Therapy; Fabaceae; Female; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Neurologic Examination; Parkinson Disease; Plants, Medicinal | 1992 |
Effect of aging and dopaminomimetic therapy on mitochondrial respiratory function in Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Age Factors; Blood Glucose; Blood Platelets; Carbidopa; Drug Therapy, Combination; Energy Metabolism; Female; Humans; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Mitochondria; Oxygen Consumption; Parkinson Disease; Receptors, Dopamine; Selegiline | 1992 |
Can we differentiate symptomatic and neuroprotective effects in parkinsonism? The dopamine agonist lisuride delays the need for levodopa therapy to a similar extent as reported for deprenyl.
Topics: Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Nervous System; Parkinson Disease; Selegiline; Survival Analysis | 1991 |
Subcutaneous lisuride infusion in Parkinson's disease. Response to chronic administration in 34 patients.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aromatic Amino Acid Decarboxylase Inhibitors; Drug Combinations; Female; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disease | 1991 |
Terguride in the treatment of Parkinson disease: preliminary experience.
Topics: Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disease | 1990 |
Treatment of Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Antiparkinson Agents; Carbidopa; Drug Combinations; Drug Therapy, Combination; Ergolines; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Parkinson Disease | 1990 |
Dopaminergic responsiveness to apomorphine after chronic treatment with subcutaneous lisuride infusion in Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Aged; Apomorphine; Drug Tolerance; Ergolines; Humans; Infusion Pumps; Levodopa; Lisuride; Middle Aged; Movement Disorders; Parkinson Disease | 1990 |
Combination of a dopamine agonist, MAO-B inhibitor and levodopa--a new strategy in the treatment of early Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Drug Therapy, Combination; Ergolines; Female; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disease; Phenethylamines; Selegiline | 1989 |
Early dopamine agonist therapy in Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Antiparkinson Agents; Brain; Bromocriptine; Dopamine Agents; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Parkinson Disease; Pergolide; Receptors, Dopamine | 1989 |
One year treatment with lisuride delivery pump in Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Adult; Drug Therapy, Combination; Ergolines; Female; Humans; Infusion Pumps; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disease | 1989 |
Lisuride infusion pump for Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Adult; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Evaluation; Drug Therapy, Combination; Ergolines; Female; Humans; Infusions, Parenteral; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disease | 1986 |
Psychosis and the lisuride pump.
Topics: Drug Therapy, Combination; Ergolines; Humans; Infusions, Parenteral; Levodopa; Lisuride; Parkinson Disease; Psychoses, Substance-Induced | 1986 |
Subcutaneous apomorphine in parkinsonian on-off oscillations.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Apomorphine; Domperidone; Drug Evaluation; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Infusion Pumps; Injections, Subcutaneous; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disease | 1988 |
MK 458, a selective and potent D2 receptor agonist in advanced Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antiparkinson Agents; Carbidopa; Dopamine Agents; Female; Humans; Hypromellose Derivatives; Lactose; Levodopa; Lisuride; Methylcellulose; Middle Aged; Nausea; Oxazines; Parkinson Disease; Pergolide; Psychomotor Performance; Receptors, Dopamine | 1988 |
Treatment of Parkinson's disease with subcutaneous lisuride infusions.
Topics: Aged; Drug Eruptions; Drug Therapy, Combination; Ergolines; Female; Hematoma; Humans; Infusion Pumps; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Mental Disorders; Middle Aged; Movement Disorders; Parkinson Disease | 1988 |
Lisuride infusion pump in Parkinson's disease. A report of two cases.
Topics: Aged; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Eruptions; Drug Therapy, Combination; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Ergolines; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Mental Disorders; Parkinson Disease | 1988 |
[On-off phenomena in Parkinson's disease. Continuous dopaminergic stimulation].
Topics: Aged; Chronic Disease; Drug Evaluation; Female; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disease; Psychomotor Performance; Receptors, Dopamine | 1987 |
[Therapeutic strategies and tactics in parkinsonism].
Topics: Amantadine; Antidepressive Agents; Antiparkinson Agents; Benserazide; Carbidopa; Depressive Disorder; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Combinations; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Motor Skills; Parkinson Disease; Selegiline; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders | 1986 |
Current and future approaches to therapy.
Topics: Antiparkinson Agents; Benserazide; Bromocriptine; Carbidopa; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Parkinson Disease; Selegiline | 1987 |
Dopamine agonists as primary treatment in Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Antiparkinson Agents; Bromocriptine; Disability Evaluation; Drug Therapy, Combination; Ergolines; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Long-Term Care; Parkinson Disease; Pergolide; Receptors, Dopamine | 1987 |
[Lisuride in the combination treatment of Parkinson disease].
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Carboxy-Lyases; Drug Therapy, Combination; Ergolines; Female; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Long-Term Care; Male; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disease | 1987 |
Subcutaneous lisuride infusion in Parkinson's disease: clinical results using different modes of administration.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Drug Therapy, Combination; Ergolines; Female; Humans; Infusion Pumps; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disease; Time Factors | 1988 |
Comparison between L-dopa and lisuride intravenous infusions: a clinical study.
Topics: Adult; Drug Administration Schedule; Ergolines; Female; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Motor Skills; Parkinson Disease | 1988 |
Continuous dopaminergic stimulation in the management of complicated Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Adult; Ergolines; Female; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disease | 1988 |
Lisuride in Parkinson's disease. 4-year follow-up.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Ergolines; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disease; Time Factors | 1988 |
Problems in daily motor performances in Parkinson's disease: the continuous dopaminergic stimulation.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Aged; Carbidopa; Domperidone; Ergolines; Female; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Movement Disorders; Parkinson Disease | 1986 |
[Antiparkinson agents].
Topics: Amantadine; Antiparkinson Agents; Bromocriptine; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Parasympatholytics | 1987 |
Terguride, a mixed dopamine agonist-antagonist, in animal models of Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Amphetamine; Animals; Apomorphine; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Ergolines; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Motor Activity; Parkinson Disease; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Dopamine; Stereotyped Behavior | 1987 |
Continuous dopaminergic stimulation in Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Antiparkinson Agents; Apomorphine; Dopamine; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Parkinson Disease | 1987 |
Low dose lisuride in advanced Parkinson disease.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Therapy, Combination; Ergolines; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disease | 1987 |
Studies on the involvement of dopamine D-1 and D-2 receptors in the anticonvulsant effect of dopamine agonists in various rodent models of epilepsy.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Apomorphine; Female; Gerbillinae; Kindling, Neurologic; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Mice; Oxazines; Rats; Receptors, Dopamine; Stimulation, Chemical | 1986 |
Transdihydrolisuride in parkinsonism.
Topics: Aged; Blood Pressure; Ergolines; Female; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Movement Disorders; Nausea; Parkinson Disease; Psychoses, Substance-Induced | 1987 |
Comparison of efficacy of lisuride hydrogen maleate with increased doses of levodopa in parkinsonian patients.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ergolines; Female; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Motor Skills; Parkinson Disease | 1987 |
Dopamine agonists suppress visual-cortical reflex myoclonus.
Topics: Aged; Apomorphine; Atrophy; Carbidopa; Cerebellum; Drug Therapy, Combination; Electromyography; Epilepsies, Myoclonic; Ergolines; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory; Evoked Potentials, Visual; Female; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Olivary Nucleus; Photic Stimulation; Pons; Reflex; Visual Cortex | 1985 |
Lisuride in the treatment of myoclonus.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Carbidopa; Dopamine Antagonists; Electric Stimulation; Electroencephalography; Electromyography; Ergolines; Female; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Myoclonus; Serotonin Antagonists | 1986 |
Intravenous lisuride corrects oscillations of motor performance in Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Domperidone; Drug Therapy, Combination; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Ergolines; Female; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disease | 1986 |
[Dopaminergic agonists in Parkinson disease].
Topics: Aged; Bromocriptine; Dopamine; Ergolines; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Parkinson Disease; Pergolide; Piribedil | 1986 |
[Dopamine agonists in the therapy of parkinson syndrome].
Topics: Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Binding, Competitive; Bromocriptine; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Neural Pathways; Parkinson Disease; Piribedil; Receptors, Dopamine; Substantia Nigra | 1985 |
Effects of lisuride on blink reflex habituation in Parkinson disease.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Amantadine; Blinking; Electrophysiology; Ergolines; Habituation, Psychophysiologic; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disease | 1985 |
[Oral lisuride in Parkinson's disease].
Topics: Adult; Aged; Bromocriptine; Drug Evaluation; Drug Therapy, Combination; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Ergolines; Female; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disease | 1985 |
Dopamine agonists and Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Antiparkinson Agents; Apomorphine; Brain; Bromocriptine; Ergolines; Ergot Alkaloids; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Neurons; Parkinson Disease; Pergolide; Piribedil; Receptors, Dopamine | 1984 |
Dopamine agonists in Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Bromocriptine; Dopamine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Ergolines; Ergot Alkaloids; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Parkinson Disease; Pergolide; Receptors, Dopamine; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, Dopamine D2 | 1984 |
Bromocriptine and lisuride in Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Bromocriptine; Carboxy-Lyases; Drug Therapy, Combination; Ergolines; Female; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disease | 1984 |
Bromocriptine and lisuride in Parkinson disease.
Topics: Aged; Bromocriptine; Carbidopa; Drug Therapy, Combination; Ergolines; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disease | 1983 |
[Effect of lisuride in the "on-off" phenomena due to L-dopa].
Topics: Aged; Antiparkinson Agents; Drug Evaluation; Drug Resistance; Ergolines; Female; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disease | 1983 |
Use of lisuride in advanced Parkinson's disease. Potent dopamine and serotonin agonist.
Topics: Aged; Ergolines; Female; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disease; Psychoses, Substance-Induced | 1981 |
Growth hormone and prolactin stimulation by Madopar in Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antiparkinson Agents; Benserazide; Drug Combinations; Female; Growth Hormone; Humans; Hydrazines; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disease; Prolactin; Receptors, Dopamine | 1981 |
The role of D-1 and D-2 receptors.
Topics: Adenylyl Cyclases; Bromocriptine; Growth Hormone; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Metoclopramide; Parkinson Disease; Pimozide; Prolactin; Receptors, Dopamine | 1980 |
Lisuride in the treatment of Parkinsonism.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Aged; Bromocriptine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Ergolines; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Levodopa; Lisuride; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disease | 1980 |
[Clinical aspects and follow-up of dopamine-induced psychoses in continuous dopaminergic therapy and their implications for the dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenic symptoms].
Topics: Aged; Brain; Dopamine; Dopamine Agents; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Humans; Infusion Pumps; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Neurologic Examination; Neuropsychological Tests; Parkinson Disease; Psychoses, Substance-Induced; Schizophrenia; Schizophrenic Psychology; Synaptic Transmission | 1995 |
Terguride in fluctuating parkinsonian patients: a double-blind study versus placebo.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Dopamine; Dopamine Agents; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Drug Tolerance; Female; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disease; Placebos | 1993 |
[11C]raclopride and positron emission tomography in previously untreated patients with Parkinson's disease: Influence of L-dopa and lisuride therapy on striatal dopamine D2-receptors.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Animals; Carbon Radioisotopes; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists; Female; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Macaca mulatta; Male; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disease; Raclopride; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Salicylamides; Tomography, Emission-Computed | 1994 |
Terguride for dyskinesias.
Topics: Dopamine Agents; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Parkinson Disease | 1993 |
Combination therapy for PD.
Topics: Antiparkinson Agents; Bromocriptine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Parkinson Disease; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic | 1993 |
Slowing of information processing in Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Aged; Cerebral Cortex; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Mental Processes; Middle Aged; Neuropsychological Tests; Parkinson Disease; Problem Solving; Reaction Time; Selegiline; Thinking | 1993 |
Extrapyramidal syndrome responsive to dopaminergic treatment following recovery from central pontine myelinolysis.
Topics: Basal Ganglia Diseases; Biperiden; Carbidopa; Chlorthalidone; Coma; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Hyponatremia; Levodopa; Lisuride; Middle Aged; Neurologic Examination; Parkinson Disease, Secondary; Pons; Quadriplegia; Saline Solution, Hypertonic; Tomography, X-Ray Computed | 1993 |
[Parkinson disease--problems in long-term treatment. Dopamine agonists optimize L-dopa therapy].
Topics: Antiparkinson Agents; Dopamine Agonists; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Neurologic Examination; Parkinson Disease; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1997 |
[Parkinson disease. Early diagnosis and combined therapy improve prognosis. Report from the Symposium: "New and successful attempts at the diagnosis and therapy of Parkinson disease"].
Topics: Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Parkinson Disease; Prognosis | 1993 |
Clinical implications of sustained dopaminergic stimulation.
Topics: Aged; Benserazide; Carbidopa; Delayed-Action Preparations; Dopamine Agonists; Drug Combinations; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Parkinson Disease; Reaction Time | 1994 |
Characterization of enhanced behavioral responses to L-DOPA following repeated administration in the 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rat model of Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Behavior, Animal; Bromocriptine; Clonidine; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Levodopa; Lisuride; Locomotion; Male; Mazindol; Methoxydimethyltryptamines; Oxidopamine; Parkinson Disease, Secondary; Prosencephalon; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sympatholytics; Tritium; Yohimbine | 1998 |
Efficacy of a low-dose subcutaneous lisuride infusion in Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Antiparkinson Agents; Dopamine Agonists; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Infusions, Parenteral; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Motor Activity; Parkinson Disease; Severity of Illness Index; Skin; Treatment Outcome | 1998 |
Effect of repeated L-DOPA, bromocriptine, or lisuride administration on preproenkephalin-A and preproenkephalin-B mRNA levels in the striatum of the 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rat.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Behavior, Animal; Bromocriptine; Dopamine Agents; Dopamine Agonists; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Enkephalins; In Situ Hybridization; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Mazindol; Medial Forebrain Bundle; Neostriatum; Oligonucleotide Probes; Oxidopamine; Parkinson Disease, Secondary; Protein Precursors; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger | 1999 |
[Combination therapy with lisuride and L-dopa in the early stages of Parkinson's disease decreases and delays the development of motor fluctuations. Long-term study over 10 years in comparison with L-dopa monotherapy].
Topics: Antiparkinson Agents; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Middle Aged; Movement Disorders; Prospective Studies; Random Allocation; Time Factors | 1999 |
Ropinirole: new preparation. Wait for more convincing data.
Topics: Antiparkinson Agents; Bromocriptine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Evaluation; Drug Therapy, Combination; France; Humans; Indoles; Levodopa; Lisuride; Parkinson Disease; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome | 1998 |
Efficacy and tolerability of dopamine agonists in a parkinsonian population.
Topics: Age of Onset; Aged; Aging; Benzothiazoles; Bromocriptine; Dopamine Agonists; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Interactions; Drug Therapy, Combination; Drug Tolerance; Ergolines; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Indoles; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disease; Pergolide; Pramipexole; Retrospective Studies; Thiazoles; Treatment Outcome | 2001 |
Poetic talent unmasked by treatment of Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Antiparkinson Agents; Creativity; Dopamine Agonists; Humans; Levodopa; Libido; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disease; Poetry as Topic; Serotonin Receptor Agonists | 2001 |
Protection of dopaminergic neurons in primary culture by lisuride.
Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium; Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Cells, Cultured; Cytoprotection; Dopamine; Levodopa; Lisuride; Mesencephalon; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neurons; Oxidative Stress | 2002 |
Levodopa in the treatment of Parkinson's disease: current controversies.
Topics: Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Apomorphine; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Therapy, Combination; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Haplorhini; Levodopa; Lisuride; Parkinson Disease; Pergolide | 2005 |
Effect of dopaminergic substances on sleep/wakefulness in saline- and MPTP-treated mice.
Topics: Animals; Dopamine Agonists; Electroencephalography; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Parkinsonian Disorders; Pergolide; Polysomnography; Sleep; Wakefulness | 2008 |
Co-administration of the partial dopamine D2 agonist terguride with L-dopa attenuates L-dopa-induced locomotor sensitization in hemiparkinsonian mice.
Topics: Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Benzazepines; Caffeine; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine Agonists; Drug Therapy, Combination; Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate); Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Motor Activity; Oxidopamine; Parkinson Disease, Secondary; Random Allocation; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Sulfur Radioisotopes | 2009 |