linoleic-acid and linoleylanilide

The effects of linoleic acid, linoleic acid anilide, and arachidonic acid on the expression of CD11b/ CD18, CD11c/CD18 integrins and L-selectin on human neutrophils were studied by flow cytometry in a whole blood assay. None of these compounds had any effect on the basal expression of CD11b, CD11c, or L-selectin in the concentration range of 20-100 microM. However, linoleic acid at a concentration of 1000 microM slightly up-regulated CD11b and CD11c by a factor of 2.1 and 1.7, respectively. Linoleic acid, linoleic acid anilide, and arachidonic acid did not affect the formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine induced up-regulation of CD11b or CD11c. However, linoleic acid and linoleic acid anilide slightly inhibited the phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-induced expression of CD11b, which was decreased by 27 and 21% at concentrations of 100 and 1000 microM, respectively. Likewise, arachidonic acid at 40 microM inhibited the PMA-induced expression of CD11b by 19%. Our results suggest that linoleic acid, linoleic acid anilide, and arachidonic acid do not dramatically affect the expression of leukocyte adhesion molecules in a whole blood assay.

Topics: Anilides; Arachidonic Acid; CD18 Antigens; Cell Adhesion Molecules; Flow Cytometry; Humans; Integrin alphaXbeta2; L-Selectin; Linoleic Acid; Linoleic Acids; Macrophage-1 Antigen; N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine; Neutrophils; Receptors, Leukocyte-Adhesion; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of hydrolysis products of linoleic acid anilide (LAA), i.e., aniline and linoleic acid (LA), in the toxicity to the hemopoietic system, especially to the spleen. To achieve this, the parent compound (LAA) and its putative hydrolysis products, i.e., aniline or linoleic acid (LA), were given to male SD rats at equimolar doses (0.7 mmol/kg) in 0.25 ml mineral oil by gavage, daily, for 14 days. The controls received equal volumes of vehicle only. Five animals from each group were euthanized at Days 1, 7, and 28 following the last dose. At all time points, spleen weights increased in the LAA- and aniline-treated rats, but spleen to body weight ratios were increased only at Days 1 and 7 in these groups. No changes were observed in the LA-treated rats at any time point. RBC counts were decreased in the LAA and aniline groups at Days 1 and 7, whereas hemoglobin content was decreased by 20 and 13% in the LAA- and aniline-treated rats, respectively, only at Day 1. Methemoglobin content in the LAA and aniline groups also increased by 76 and 101%, respectively, at Day 1. Serum transaminases (AST and ALT) decreased in the LAA, aniline, and LA groups but the decreases were more consistent in the LA group. Serum IgA increased in the LAA and aniline groups only at Day 1. Splenic iron content was increased 381, 486, and 51% in the LAA-treated rats and 474, 491, and 58% in the aniline-treated rats at Days 1, 7, and 28, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Topics: Anilides; Aniline Compounds; Animals; Blood Cell Count; Hematopoiesis; Hemolysis; Immunoglobulins; Iron; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Linoleic Acid; Linoleic Acids; Male; Organ Size; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spleen; Transaminases

N-Phenyllinoleamide (NPLA), the anilide of linoleic acid, has been associated with the epidemiology of toxic oil syndrome, but its contribution to the illness is still undetermined. Because it has been suggested that fatty acid anilides were absorbed via the hepatic portal vein, this study has been aimed at determining the hepatic metabolism of NPLA by rat liver. For this purpose, isolated liver was perfused with NPLA (0.1 mM) spiked with either aniline- or fatty acid-labelled NPLA. Gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis of the peaks appearing in the radiochromatographic metabolic profiles shows that metabolism of NPLA in the liver results in formation of aniline and linoleic acid, both biologically active metabolites whose expected direct effects were not observed in patients suffering toxic oil syndrome.

Topics: Anilides; Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; In Vitro Techniques; Linoleic Acid; Linoleic Acids; Liver; Male; Perfusion; Rats; Rats, Wistar