likviriton and peoniflorin

Xiaoyaosan is one of the famous formulas treating for liver, spleen and blood deficiency syndrome along Chinese history. Their five main components, paeoniflorin, ferulic acid, glycyrrhizic acid, liquiritin, and atractylenolide I are believed to partly representative of this formula. Ultra performance liquid chromatography method was newly established, UPLC BEH-C18 column (2.1 × 100 mm, 1.7 μm) with acetonitrile - 0.1% phosphate acid gradient elution system, in 0.4 mL/min and the temperature was 30 °C; Detection wavelengths were optimized separately. The five components were linear within their linear range (

Topics: Calibration; Coumaric Acids; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Flavanones; Glucosides; Glycyrrhizic Acid; Lactones; Monoterpenes; Phytochemicals; Reproducibility of Results; Sesquiterpenes

Wu-tou decoction (WTD), a classic Traditional Chinese medicine formula, has been extensively used in the treatment of neuropathic pain (NP) such as chronic inflammatory pain, trigeminal neuralgia, and cancer-induced pain. Our previous studies have shown that the severity of mechanical allodynia and thermo hypersensitivity in NP rats are reduced by WTD, of which analgesic candidates are paeoniflorin (Pae) and liquiritin (Liq). The aim of this study was to clarify the molecular mechanisms of WTD, Pae and Liq against NP based on the primary rat glial cells in vitro. The gene expression levels of neurotrophic factors such as nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and Artemin and C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) were augmented by inflammatory cytokines, while chemokines increased only CCR5 gene expression. The constitutive and cytokine-augmented neurotrophic factor gene expression was enhanced by WTD, Pae, and Liq through PI3K- and PKA-dependent pathways in rat glial cells, leading to the increase of NGF and BDNF production. Furthermore, the CCR5 gene expression under basal and chemokine-treated conditions was suppressed by these reagents, in which signal pathway(s) was independent on the activation of PI3K and PKA. Moreover, there was no cytotoxicity in the WTD, Pae, and Liq treatments in glial cells. Thus, these results provide a novel evidence that WTD may exert the anti-NP actions by predominantly increasing the production of neurotrophic factors through PI3K- and PKA-signaling pathways in rat glial cells. Furthermore, Pae and Liq may play as analgesic candidates in WTD-mediated NP management.

Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cytokines; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Flavanones; Gene Expression Regulation; Glucosides; Inflammation Mediators; Monoterpenes; Nerve Growth Factors; Neuralgia; Neuroglia; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, CCR5; RNA, Messenger; Signal Transduction

Topics: Animals; Chemokines; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Discovery; Drug Therapy, Combination; Flavanones; Glucosides; Humans; Monoterpenes; Neuralgia; Rats; Signal Transduction

To study the absorption and biotransformation of liquiritin, cinnamic acid, paeoniflorin, and glycyrrhizic acid in the Guizhi decoction (GZD) in the gastrointestinal tracts of rats.. A simple and reliable high-performance liquid chromatography method was established and validated for the analysis of the four components of GZD simultaneously in the gastrointestinal tracts of rats. Rats were randomly divided into in situ gastrointestinal loop model, in vitro anaerobic culture model, and blank control groups. All rats were fasted for 12 h and anesthetized using 20% urethane. Subsequently, the abdominal cavity of each rat was opened, and the stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, and colon were ligated. For the in situ gastrointestinal loop model group, 2.5 mL of GZD (1.0 g crude drug/mL, 37 ℃) were injected into the gastrointestinal tract. The abdominal incision was covered with warm, wet cotton, and animals were maintained at 25 ℃ . Then, we collected the gastrointestinal tract content after 1.5 h. For the in vitro anaerobic culture model group, the gastrointestinal tract contents of rats were collected and then cultured in 2.5 mL of GZD in an anaerobic environment at 25 ℃ for 24 h. For the blank control group, rats received the same volume of a normal saline solution instead of GZD. High performance liquid chromatography was used to detect the liquiritin, cinnamic acid, paeoniflorin, and glycyrrhizic acid concentrations in each group and calculate the absorption and biotransformation rates of each ingredient.. Cinnamic acid (low polarity) was more easily absorbed by each gastrointestinal part than the higher-polarity glycosides. However, the absorption rate in the cecum was higher than that in other parts. The four compounds, cinnamic acid, liquiritin, paeoniflorin, and glycyrrhizic acid, were transformed completely within 24 h in the cecum and colon, whereas they were hardly transformed in the stomach, excluding glycyrrhizic acid. In addition, all ingredients had higher biotransformation rates in the distal small intestine than that in the proximal small intestine.. Although a portion of the glycosides in GZD was directly absorbed as the prototype forms in the gastrointestinal tract, they were primarily metabolized and transformed into their corresponding metabolites by intestinal flora near the distal small intestine before their absorption.

Topics: Animals; Biotransformation; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cinnamates; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Flavanones; Gastrointestinal Tract; Glucosides; Glycyrrhizic Acid; Male; Monoterpenes; Rats

Topics: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cluster Analysis; Databases, Chemical; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Flavanones; Gallic Acid; Glucosides; Glycyrrhizic Acid; Limit of Detection; Linear Models; Monoterpenes; Reproducibility of Results; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Bridged-Ring Compounds; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Female; Flavanones; Glucosides; Glycyrrhetinic Acid; Glycyrrhizic Acid; Monoterpenes; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

In this study, in-depth observation and investigation of blood-brain barrier permeability and neuroprotective effect of Trichosanthes kirilowii cassia twig particles on rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury were performed. Focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury model was established by middle cerebral artery occlusion method, reperfusion was implemented 2 hours after ischemia; qualitative analysis and investigation of trichosanthes kirilowii cassia twig particles in plasma, brain tissue and cerebrospinal fluid in normal and middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rats were done by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS); changes in neurological deficits, cerebral infarction stereometry, blood-brain barrier permeability and histopathological changes of MCAO model rats were observed. Qualitative analysis by HPLC-MS/MS results showed that ingredients, paeoniflorin, albiflorin, liquiritin in Trichosanthes kirilowii cassia twig particles can reach the brain through the blood-brain barrier. In the model group, glycyrrhizin and glycyrrhizic acid can be detected in brain tissue or cerebrospinal fluid. In addition, Trichosanthes kirilowii cassia twig particles can significantly lower neurological deficits of rats in middle cerebral artery occlusion model, reduce the Evans blue penetration, contract infarct size, and reduce pathological tissue injury of cerebral ischemia reperfusion. The ingredients of Trichosanthes kirilowii cassia twig particles can reach the brain tissue through the blood-brain barrier and play a role in neuroprotection of rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, which has important research significance and brings scientific experimental, theoretical basis for clinical drug use.

Topics: Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain; Bridged-Ring Compounds; Flavanones; Glucosides; Glycyrrhizic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Monoterpenes; Neuroprotective Agents; Plant Components, Aerial; Plant Extracts; Rats; Recovery of Function; Reperfusion Injury; Trichosanthes

Paeoniflorin and liquiritin are major constituents in some Chinese herbal formulas, such as Yiru Tiaojing (YRTJ) Granule (a hospitalized preparation) and Peony-Glycyrrhiza Decoction, used for hyperprolactinemia-associated disorders.. To investigate the effect of paeoniflorin and liquiritin on prolactin secretion.. The effect of YRTJ Granule on metoclopramide-induced hyperprolactinemia was tested in rats. Paeoniflorin and liquiritin in the YRTJ Granule extract were identified and quantified by HPLC. The effects of paeoniflorin and liquiritin on prolactin secretion were examined in prolactinoma cells that were identified morphologically and by Western blot. The concentration of prolactin was determined by ELISA. The gene expression was analyzed by Western blot.. YRTJ Granule ameliorated metoclopramide-induced hyperprolactinemia in rats. The contents of paeoniflorin and liquiritin in YRTJ Granule were 7.43 and 2.05mg/g extract, respectively. Paeoniflorin, liquiritin and bromocriptine (a dopamine D. The present results suggest that paeoniflorin and liquiritin play a role in YRTJ Granule-elicited improvement of hyperprolactinemia. While the effect of liquiritin is D

Topics: Animals; Cell Line, Tumor; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Female; Flavanones; Glucosides; Hyperprolactinemia; Metoclopramide; Monoterpenes; Pituitary Neoplasms; Prolactin; Prolactinoma; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Shaoyao-Gancao decoction, a Chinese herbal formula, is composed of Paeoniae Radix alba and Glycyrrhiza Radix et rhizoma. It has been widely used to treat muscle spasms and asthma. However, little is known about the bioactive components of Shaoyao-Gancao decoction. In the present study, the bioactive compounds in water-extract of Shaoyao-Gancao decoction were separated by the immobilized β

Topics: Animals; Chromatography, Affinity; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Flavanones; Glucosides; Glycyrrhiza; Monoterpenes; Muscle, Smooth; Paeonia; Rats; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2

Gan-Sui-Ban-Xia Decoction (GSBXD) was first presented by Zhang Zhongjing in the book Synopsis of Golden Chamber during the Han Dynasty period. The formula was then used for the treatment of persistent fluid retention with floating pulse in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), which in modern medicine is known as malignant ascites. Here, a rapid liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method has been developed for the determination of glycyrrhizinic acid, liquiritin, paeoniflorin, albiflorin after oral administration of GSBXD plus-minus Gansui and Gancao anti-drug combination to investigate the possible pharmacokinetic profile differences of different prescriptions with GSBXD in normal rats. The differences of pharmacokinetic parameters among groups were tested by the Student's t-test with p < 0.05 as the level of significance. Significant differences were found between the Gansui and Gancao anti-drug combination and other herbs in GSBXD on pharmacokinetic profile of glycyrrhizinic acid, liquiritin, paeoniflorin and albiflorin. The obtained knowledge might contribute to the rationality of the clinic use of GSBXD and also reveal the compatibility conditions of the Gansui and Gancao anti-drug combination.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Ascites; Bridged-Ring Compounds; Chromatography, Liquid; Drug Combinations; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Euphorbia; Flavanones; Glucosides; Glycyrrhiza uralensis; Glycyrrhizic Acid; Male; Medicine, Chinese Traditional; Monoterpenes; Paeonia; Pinellia; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

The present study aims to predict the action targets of antidepressant active ingredients of Xiaoyaosan to understand the "multi-components, multi-targets and multi-pathways" mechanism. Using network pharmacology, the reported antidepressant active ingredients in Xiaoyaosan (saikosaponin A, saikosaponin C, saikosaponin D, ferulic acid, Z-ligustilide, atractylenolide I, atractylenolide II, atractylenolide III, paeoniflorin, albiflorin, liquiritin, glycyrrhizic acid and pachymic acid), were used to predict the targets of main active ingredients of Xiaoyaosan according to reversed pharmacophore matching method. The prediction was made via screening of the antidepressive drug targets approved by FDA in the DrugBank database and annotating the information of targets with the aid of MAS 3.0 biological molecular function software. The Cytoscape software was used to construct the Xiaoyaosan ingredients-targets-pathways network. The network analysis indicates that the active ingredients in Xiaoyaosan involve 25 targets in the energy metabolism-immune-signal transmutation relevant biological processes. The antidepressant effect of Xiaoyaosan reflects the features of traditional Chinese medicine in multi-components, multi-targets and multi-pathways. This research provides a scientific basis for elucidation of the antidepressant pharmacological mechanism of Xiaoyaosan.

Topics: Antidepressive Agents; Benzoates; Bridged-Ring Compounds; Coumaric Acids; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Flavanones; Glucosides; Glycyrrhizic Acid; Lactones; Medicine, Chinese Traditional; Monoterpenes; Sesquiterpenes; Software

A liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for simultaneous determination of seven constituents including puerarin, daidzin, daidzein, paeoniflorin, albiflorin, liquiritin and liquiritigenin in rat plasma using schisandrin as the internal standard (IS). The plasma samples were pretreated by a one-step direct protein precipitation with acetonitrile. The chromatographic separation was carried out on a C18 column with a gradient mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and water (containing 0.1% formic acid and 5mM ammonium acetate). All analytes and IS were quantitated through electrospray ionization in positive ion multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. The mass transitions were as follows: m/z 417.5→297.2 for puerarin, m/z 417.1→255.2 for daidzin, m/z 255.2→152.4 for daidzein, m/z 498.1→179.3 for paeoniflorin, m/z 481.1→197.3 for albiflorin, m/z 436.2→257.3 for liquiritin, m/z 257.2→137.3 for liquiritigenin and m/z 415.0→384.2 for IS, respectively. All calibration curves exhibited good linearity (r>0.9979) over a wide concentration range for all components. The intra-day and inter-day precisions (RSD) at three different levels were both less than 14.3% and the accuracies (RE) ranged from -13.2% to 14.8%. The extraction recoveries of the seven compounds ranged from 72.9% to 117.4%. The validated method was successfully applied to pharmacokinetic study of the seven components in female rat plasma after oral administration of Ge-Gen Decoction aqueous extract.

Topics: Animals; Bridged-Ring Compounds; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Flavanones; Glucosides; Isoflavones; Monoterpenes; Rats; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

To establish a method for the determination of astilbin, peoniflorin, rasmarinci acid, isofraxidin and liquiritin contained in Shaolin Xiaoyin tablets, in order to lay a foundation for designing late-stage dosage forms and clinical medication schemes. In this paper, efforts were made to establish a method for the determination of the blood concentration of the five components and study the in vivo pharmacokinetics in rats. The blood concentration was determined by HPLC. Phenomenex C18 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm) was adopted and eluted with methanol-acetonitrile-0.05% formic acid, the flow rate was 0.8 mL x min(-1), and the wavelength was 275 nm. The samples were processed by the solid phase extraction method. After oral administration of Shaoling Xiaoyin tablets, the rat bloods were collected at different time points to determine the blood concentrations. The experimental results showed that the baseline separation could be adopted for the five components, and astilbin, peoniflorin, rasmarinci acid, isofraxidin and liquiritin showed good linear relations within ranges of 2.48-248, 0.213 6-21.36, 0.531-53.1, 0.704-70.4, 0.253-25.3 mg x L(-1). All the five components could be absorbed in blood and excreted quickly. The method established in this paper is rapid and accurate, and could be used for in vivo analysis on preparations containing similar components. The main components in Shaoling Xiaoyin tablets could be absorbed and excreted quickly, and thus suitable to be made into sustained release tablets. Common preparations are required to be taken for 4-6 times a day.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cinnamates; Coumarins; Depsides; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Flavanones; Flavonols; Glucosides; Male; Monoterpenes; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rosmarinic Acid

A rapid, highly sensitive, and selective method was applied in a non-invasive way to investigate the antidepressant action of Xiaoyaosan (XYS) using ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) and chemometrics. Many significantly altered metabolites were used to explain the mechanism. Venlafaxine HCl and fluoxetine HCl were used as chemical positive control drugs with a relatively clear mechanism of action to evaluate the efficiency and to predict the mechanism of action of XYS. Urine obtained from rats subjected to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) was analyzed by UPLC-MS. Distinct changes in the pattern of metabolites in the rat urine after CUMS production and drug intervention were observed using partial least squares-discriminant analysis. The results of behavioral tests and multivariate analysis showed that CUMS was successfully reproduced, and a moderate-dose XYS produced significant therapeutic effects in the rodent model, equivalent to those of the positive control drugs, venlafaxine HCl and fluoxetine HCl. Metabolites with significant changes induced by CUMS were identified, and 17 biomarker candidates for stress and drug intervention were identified. The therapeutic effect of XYS on depression may involve regulation of the dysfunctions of energy metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and gut microflora changes. Metabonomic methods are valuable tools for measuring efficacy and mechanisms of action in the study of traditional Chinese medicines.

Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Benzoates; Biomarkers; Bridged-Ring Compounds; Catechin; Chalcone; Chromatography, Liquid; Citric Acid; Citric Acid Cycle; Coumaric Acids; Creatine Kinase; Creatinine; Cyclohexanols; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Flavanones; Fluoxetine; Gallic Acid; Gastrointestinal Tract; Glucosides; Glycine; Hippurates; Ketoglutaric Acids; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Mass Spectrometry; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Metabolomics; Microbiota; Monoterpenes; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stress, Psychological; Tryptophan; Tyrosine; Venlafaxine Hydrochloride

Shaoyao-Gancao (Paeoniae Radix Alba and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) is a traditional Chinese drug pair widely used in decoctions for relieving pains, especially abdominal pain. We aimed to determine the intestinal absorption and interaction of three active compounds (glycyrrhizic acid, liquiritin, and paeoniflorin) in this drug pair. We investigated the transport of these compounds across intestinal epithelial cells by using the Caco-2 cell monolayer in both the apical-to-basolateral (A-B) and B-A directions. All compounds could only travel through the Caco-2 cell monolayer at a low level when the cells were treated with single component solutions. In the presence of verapamil, an inhibitor of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), the absorptive permeability (P(AB)) of paeoniflorin and liquiritin increased significantly (p < 0.05) and efflux ratios decreased, while the absorption of glycyrrhizic acid did not change significantly, which indicated that paeoniflorin and liquiritin might be P-gp substrates. In addition, when liquiritin and glycyrrhizic acid in Gancao extract and paeoniflorin in Shaoyao extract were examined, P(AB) of paeoniflorin and liquiritin were significantly higher, while glycyrrhizic acid retained the same absorption level compared to the corresponding single component solutions, which suggested that some certain ingredients in the extracts can promote the absorption of paeoniflorin and liquiritin, but not that of glycyrrhizic acid. Furthermore, compared to the results of treatment with individual extracts, treatment of cells with a mixture of the two extracts considerably increased (p < 0.05) the absorption of glycyrrhizic acid and paeoniflorin and showed no change in the absorption of liquiritin, which implied that the transport of glycyrrhizic acid and paeoniflorin is increased by some ingredients from the complementary drug in the drug pair, while that of liquiritin remains unaffected.

Topics: ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; Benzoates; Biological Transport; Bridged-Ring Compounds; Caco-2 Cells; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Flavanones; Glucosides; Glycyrrhizic Acid; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Monoterpenes; Paeonia; Verapamil

A simple and accurate high-performance liquid chromatographic method was applied to the quantitative analysis of seven components of the traditional herbal prescription Jaeumganghwa-tang (JGT), including 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde, albiflorin, paeoniflorin, liquiritin, ferulic acid, nodakenin, and glycyrrhizin. All seven compounds were separated in less than 40 min on a Gemini C18 column at 40°C by gradient elution using 1.0% (v/v) aqueous acetic acid and acetonitrile containing 1.0% (v/v) acetic acid as mobile phase. The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min and the detector was a photodiode array (PDA) set at 230 nm, 254 nm, 280 nm, and 330 nm. The calibration curves showed good linearity (r (2) > 0.9998) in different concentration ranges. The recovery of each component was in the range of 91.47-102.62%, with relative standard deviations (RSDs, %) less than 4.5%. The RSDs (%) for intra- and interday precision were 0.06-2.85% and 0.06-2.83%, respectively. The concentrations of the seven components in JGT were in the range 0.74-5.48 mg/g.

Topics: Benzoates; Bridged-Ring Compounds; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Coumaric Acids; Coumarins; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Flavanones; Furaldehyde; Glucosides; Glycyrrhizic Acid; Magnoliopsida; Monoterpenes

A high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was developed for quantitative analysis of seven components, 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde (1), albiflorin (2), paeoniflorin (3), liquiritin (4), ferulic acid (5), nodakenin (6), and glycyrrhizin (7) of Palmul-tang (PMT), a traditional Korean medicine. HPLC analysis was performed using a Gemini C18 column at 40°C, and photodiode array (PDA) detection at 230 nm, 254 nm, 280 nm, 320 nm, and 330 nm was used for quantification of the seven components in PMT. The mobile phase was a gradient flow composed of two solvent systems. Solvent A was 1.0% (v/v) aqueous acetic acid and solvent B was acetonitrile containing 1.0% (v/v) acetic acid. Calibration curves were acquired with r (2) values > 0.9998, and the relative standard deviations (RSDs, %) for intra- and interday precision were both less than 6.0%. The recovery of each component was in the range of 90.66-103.79%, with a RSD less than 5.0%. The contents of the seven components in PMT range form 0.61-6.21 mg/g. Additionally, we investigated the cytotoxicity of the extract against the RBL-1 and BEAS-2B cell lines, as well as splenocytes.

Topics: Animals; Benzoates; Bridged-Ring Compounds; Cell Line, Tumor; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Coumaric Acids; Coumarins; Cytotoxins; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Flavanones; Furaldehyde; Glucosides; Glycyrrhizic Acid; Medicine, Korean Traditional; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Monoterpenes; Plant Preparations; Rats

Central composite design (CCD), together with multiple linear regression, was successfully used to optimize the electrophoretic buffer system of micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (MEKC) for the determination of albiflorin, paeoniflorin, liquiritin, and glycyrrhizic acid in the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription, Yangwei granule. Concentrations of sodium deoxycholate (SDC) and borate, and proportions of ammonia, acetonitrile, and methanol were optimized. The total resolutions of peaks between the analytes and their adjacent peaks in real samples were integrated into the evaluation index of separation efficiency. The optimum electrophoretic buffer contained 80 mmol/L SDC, 20 mmol/L borate, 5% (v/v) methanol, 0.5% (v/v) ammonia, and 5% (v/v) acetonitrile. The correlation coefficients (R(2)) between the peak areas and the corresponding concentrations of analytes were greater than 0.9956. The limits of detection (LODs) (S/N=3) of the analytes were 0.97-4.00 μg/ml. The results indicate the superiority of CCD in optimizing the separation conditions of complex samples such as TCM prescriptions.

Topics: Acetonitriles; Ammonia; Benzoates; Borates; Bridged-Ring Compounds; Buffers; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Chromatography, Micellar Electrokinetic Capillary; Deoxycholic Acid; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Flavanones; Glucosides; Glycyrrhizic Acid; Methanol; Micelles; Monoterpenes; Reproducibility of Results

The traditional Chinese medicine formula Fuling Decoction (FD) has been clinically used for eczema treatment, but the unclear chemical distribution and the lack of quality control have strongly restricted its application. In this study, an analytical method incorporating ultra-fast liquid chromatography (UFLC) with MS and UV detection was developed for rapid profiling of the chemical constitutes from FD. Fourteen constitutes were identified by UFLC-ESI-MS, while four major components including genipingentiobioside, geniposide, paeoniflorin and liquiritin were quantified simultaneously by UFLC-DAD. The UFLC-based method was fully validated and can be applied to screening and determination of principal components in commercially FD prescriptions.

Topics: Benzoates; Bridged-Ring Compounds; Chromatography, Liquid; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Flavanones; Glucosides; Iridoids; Monoterpenes; Quality Control; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

An HPLC-photodiode array (PDA) detection method was established for the simultaneous determination of 12 components in Xiao-Yao-San-Jia-Wei (XYSJW): geniposide, puerarin, paeoniflorin, ferulic acid, liquiritin, hesperidin, naringin, paeonol, daidzein, glycyrrhizic acid, honokiol, and magnolol. These were separated in less than 70 min using a Waters Symmetry Shield RP 18 column with gradient elution using (A) acetonitrile, (B) water, and (C) acetic acid at a flow rate of 1 ml/min, and with a PDA detector. All calibration curves showed good linear regression (r(2)>0.9992) within the test ranges. The method was validated for specificity, accuracy, precision, and limits of detection. The proposed method enables in a single run the simultaneous identification and determination for quality control of 12 multi-structural components of XYSJW forming the basis of its therapeutic effect.

Topics: Acetophenones; Benzoates; Biphenyl Compounds; Bridged-Ring Compounds; Coumaric Acids; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Flavanones; Glucosides; Glycyrrhizic Acid; Hesperidin; Iridoids; Isoflavones; Lignans; Medicine, Chinese Traditional; Molecular Structure; Monoterpenes; Quality Control; Reference Standards; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity

A high performance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode-array detection method was developed for simultaneous determination of glycyrrhizin, paeoniflorin, benzoic acid, quercetin, ferulic acid, formononetin, liquiritin and isoliquiritigenin in the Chinese proprietary medicine "Xiao Yao Wan" (XYW). The analysis was performed by reverse phase gradient elution, using an aqueous mobile phase (containing 0.1% phosphoric acid) modified by acetonitrile and detection made simultaneously at four wavelengths. The method was validated for accuracy, precision and limits of detection and quantification. Ten batches of XYW obtained from different pharmaceutical companies were analyzed and found to contain different amounts of the eight bioactive markers. This method could be used for quality assessment of this herbal medicine.

Topics: Benzoates; Bridged-Ring Compounds; Chalcones; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Coumaric Acids; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Flavanones; Flavonoids; Glucosides; Glycyrrhizic Acid; Isoflavones; Medicine, Chinese Traditional; Molecular Structure; Monoterpenes; Quercetin; Reference Standards; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity